UNIT3 单元话题阅读二（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

(材料选自译林版新教材必修第三册Unit 1) ◎ News that Matters：pollution in Norgate HOST：Good evening and welcome to News that Matters.Our topic today is pollution in Norgate.[1]Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith, a local resident① ; Vincent Brown, senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer, chief② of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee③.Welcome. [1]该句主语较长，为使句子平衡，将表语前置，使用完全倒装句型。a local resident，senior manager of a local factory，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee分别作各自前面人名的同位语。 Norgate's rapid development has had significant environmental costs④.Mr Smith, you've lived in this city for over 20 years.How would you describe the effects of pollution over that time? SMITH：It's been awful⑤， really.When I first moved here, the air was fresh, the grass green and the water clear.Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became entirely⑥ different.I don't enjoy outdoor activities any more.The river is dirty and smelly.The smog⑦ in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey；[2]it's also given me a cough that I can't get rid of⑧.For health and safety reasons alone, heavy industry has to go. [2]此处that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a cough，that在从句中作宾语。 HOST：Mr Smith protested⑨ against heavy industry.Mr Brown, would you like to respond? BROWN：Well, I'm sorry you feel that way, Mr Smith.People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible⑩ businessmen eager to make huge profits⑪.[3]In defence⑫ of the factories, however, I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we're deeply concerned about the environment.[4]We've been taking various measures⑬， including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process⑭， even though these measures raise our production costs.I'd also like to draw your attention to the economic⑮ benefits factories have brought to Norgate.We've created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's economy grow. [3]此处that引导宾语从句；we produce是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句， 修饰先行词pollution。 [4]该句主句使用了现在完成进行时。even though引导让步状语从句。动词不定式短语to reduce pollution in the production process作目的状语。 HOST：Thank you, Mr Brown.[5]With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.Mrs Archer, what are your thoughts on how to deal with pollution? [5]with复合结构在句中作状语， 其结构为“with＋名词＋介词短语”。 ARCHER：Well, our committee has a major role to play in maintaining air and water quality.We have to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic development.We've made environmental policies⑯ for businesses to observe, like strict clean­up requirements.We also work hand in hand with other branches⑰ of government to ensure that development strategies⑱ are followed in an environmentally friendly⑲ way.[6]However, fighting pollution isn't just a task for factories and the government.It has to be a community­wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle⑳.For example, you can save energy by taking the bus or the subwayB21, or using the bike­sharing system. [6]此处动词­ing形式短语fighting pollution作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 HOST：Thank you, Mrs Archer, and thanks again to all of our guests.A former UN officialB22 once said, “Saving our planet, lifting people out of povertyB23, advancing economic growth ...these are one and the sameB24 fight.”The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable.[7] It's our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development.It's our duty to leave a better, cleaner and healthier planet to our children.It's our duty to build a human community with a shared futureB25. [7] 该句与本段后面两句结构相似，是It is＋名词＋to do sth句型。三句构成排比句式，加强语气；it作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 ◎ ①resident/'rezɪdənt/n.居民，住户 local resident 当地居民 ②chief/tʃiːf/n.首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的 ③committee/kə'mɪti/n.委员会 the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee 诺盖特环境保护委员会 ④cost/kɒst/n.费用；花费；成本；努力；代价，损失 ⑤awful/'ɔːf(ə)l/adj.很坏的；极讨厌的；骇人听闻的；可怕的；非常的 ⑥entirely/ɪn'taɪəli/adv.完全地，全部地，完整地 entire adj.完全的，全部的，完整的 ⑦smog/smɒɡ/n.雾霾；烟雾 ⑧get rid of摆脱；丢弃，扔掉 get rid of smoking 戒烟 ⑨protest/prə'test/vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n.抗议，反对 protest against 反对 ⑩irresponsible/ˌɪrɪ'spɒnsəbl/adj.不负责任的 ⑪profit/'prɒfɪt/n.利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 make huge profits 获取巨大利润 ⑫defence/dɪ'fens/n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 in defence of...为……做解释或辩护 ⑬take various measures采取各种措施 ⑭process/'prəʊses/n.过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 ⑮economic/ˌiːkə'nɒmɪk/adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economic benefits 经济效益 economic growth/development 经济增长/发展 economy n.经济；节约 ⑯policy/'pɒləsi/n.政策，方针；原则 make policies for...为……制定政策 ⑰branch/brɑːntʃ/n.(政府或机构)部门；分部； 树枝；支流；分支 ⑱strategy/'strætədʒi/n.策略，行动计划；策划，部署 development strategies 发展策略 ⑲environmentally friendlyadj.环保的，环境友好的 ⑳recycle/ˌriː'saɪkl/vt.回收利用，再利用 subway/'sʌbweɪ/n.地铁；地下人行道 a former UN official 一位联合国前官员 poverty/'pɒvəti/n.贫穷，贫困；贫乏 lift people out of poverty 使人们摆脱贫困 one and the same 同一个(人或物) a human community with a shared future 人类命运共同体 ◎ 《焦点新闻》：诺盖特市的污染 主持人：晚上好，欢迎收看《焦点新闻》。我们今天的话题是诺盖特的污染。 今晚来到我们演播室的有本地居民詹姆斯·史密斯，本地一家工厂的高管文森特·布朗，还有诺盖特环境保护委员会的负责人朱莉·阿彻。欢迎你们。 诺盖特市的高速发展付出了高昂的环境代价。 史密斯先生，你已经在这座城市生活了20多年。 你能说说这二十年间污染造成的影响吗？ 史密斯：非常糟糕，真的。我刚搬来时，这里空气清新，草绿，水清。后来重工业工厂迁来了，情况变得截然不同了。 我再也不喜欢户外活动了。河水又脏又臭。 空气中的雾霾把天空染成了烟灰色，还让我患上了咳嗽，老是不好。单是出于健康和安全的原因，重工业也必须迁走。 主持人：史密斯先生反对重工业。 布朗先生，您想做出回应吗？ 布朗：好吧，对于您那样的感受我很抱歉，史密斯先生。 一提到工厂，人们总是将浓烟滚滚的画面和急于谋取暴利、不负责任的商人联系在一起。不过，为工厂说句公道话，我想指出的是我们也在努力控制所产生的污染量。我们对环境问题深感担忧，我想，我是代表工厂所有的负责人说的这句话。 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新技术手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。我还希望您能注意到，这些工厂给诺盖特市带来的经济效益。 我们为当地居民创造了许多就业岗位，并对这座城市的经济增长起到了助推作用。 主持人：谢谢您，布朗先生。鉴于污染程度不断加重，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。阿彻太太，你对如何处理污染有何见解？ 阿彻：是的，我们委员会在维持空气质量和水质量方面发挥着重要作用。我们必须在环境保护和经济发展之间求得平衡。 我们已经制定了供各行业遵守的环境政策，比如严格的净化要求。我们也与其他政府部门携手，确保以一种环境友好的方式贯彻发展战略。然而，与污染作斗争不仅仅是工厂与政府的任务。全社会必须共同努力，每个人都遵循减少使用、重复使用和循环利用的指导原则，就能尽一份力。 打个比方，你可以通过乘坐公交车、地铁或者使用共享单车来节约能源。 主持人：谢谢你，阿彻太太，再次感谢我们所有的嘉宾。一位联合国前官员曾经说过：“拯救地球，使人们摆脱贫困，促进经济增长……这些就是同一场战斗。”我们的环境和经济命运休戚与共。在追求经济发展的同时保护环境，这是我们的责任。将一个更美好、更清洁、更健康的星球留给我们的后人，这是我们的责任。构成人类命运共同体，这是我们的责任。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$