UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练四（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·湖北武汉期中) Like every gym class I have ever taken, I felt like the odd one out.Opening the door and glancing around the room, I seemed to be the only girl struggling.Everyone else, in their fitted tank tops and leggings, not a hair out of place, looked as if they belonged.I on the other hand, with my curly hair now wildly unleashed, oversized shirt, wondered why I had ever bothered to subject myself to a gym class. Earlier that year, with a healthy dose of encouragement from my family, I decided to give fitness a real shot.I showed up to my university gym for spin class with my stomach in a bundle of nerves.The first time I tried to stand on the bike pedals, I felt my legs shake and immediately sat down.All the muscles I hadn't used before creaked as they suddenly engaged in rapid movement.It wasn't until the third class, when I smoothly transitioned to standing up on the bike, that I started to gain some confidence. Eventually, as my comfort on the bike grew, I became less focused on how I looked and the exact movements my legs and arms were to engage in and more focused on looking inward.I had never considered myself athletic.But now, rather than agonize over my weight, I started to reflect in amazement at my body's ability to lift groceries and all the other countless tasks it did to keep my life moving forward. Somewhere between being yelled at to squat lower, jump higher and push harder, gym class made me realize that while I was wrong about many things when it came to fitness, I was right about one important thing: What truly matters is showing up, not what you wear or your fitness abilities.Because once you show up, the rest gets easier, one sweaty adventure at a time. 1.How did the author feel when she first entered the gym class? A.Excited. B.Awkward. C.Confident. D.Bothered. 2.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The changes to the author's body. B.The author's passion for spin classes. C.The author's experience as a new gym­goer. D.The reasons for the author's entering gym classes. 3.What does the author think of her body at present? A.She is in pretty good shape. B.She cares more about her weight. C.She is critical of her body's ability. D.She is proud of her body's capability. 4.What important lesson did the author learn from the gym class? A.Pushing harder is good for you. B.What you wear to the class matters the most. C.Showing up plays a determining role in fitness. D.Fitness abilities are more important than showing up. [二次精读] 重点单词 curly/'kɜːli/adj.　　　　　　　(头发)卷曲的，鬈曲的 unleash/ʌn'liːʃ/v. 释放出；放开 agonize/'æɡənaɪz/vi. 感到痛苦 重点短语 out of place　　　　　　　　　不适当的，不合时宜的 as if 好像，仿佛 on the other hand 另一方面 bother to do sth 费心做某事 in amazement 惊讶地 when it came to 当涉及，当谈到 词块积累 give fitness a real shot　　　 　给健身一个真正的机会 gain some confidence 获得一些信心 agonize over my weight 为我的体重苦恼 长难句分析 It wasn't until the third class, when I smoothly transitioned to standing up on the bike, that I started to gain some confidence. 直到第三节课，当我顺利地过渡到站在自行车上时，我才开始获得一些信心。 【分析】　It wasn't until...that是not until的强调句结构，里面含有when引导的时间状语从句。 B (2024·江苏南京阶段练习)While teenagers who are at risk of depression with risky behaviors—drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes and cutting classes often alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing, a new study finds that there's another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same mental symptoms. These teens use tons of media, get insufficient sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle.Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet.But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position.Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been called the “invisible risk” group by the study's authors. The study's authors surveyed 15，395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking and high media use.Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of the low­risk group.But the invisible group wasn't far behind the high­risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression. The findings caught Carli off guard.“We didn't expect that，” he says.“The high­risk group and low­risk group are obvious, but this third group was not only unexpected.It was so distinct and so large—nearly one third of our sample—that it became a key finding of the study.” Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health­care providers.And early identification, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full­blown disorders. 5.Which teenager probably belongs to the “invisible risk” group? A.A teenager who skips school. B.A teenager who drinks frequently. C.A teenager who exercises regularly. D.A teenager who suffers from lack of sleep. 6.What can we know about the new study? A.It was intended to dig into the reasons for depression. B.Its findings were under expectation of the research team. C.It was conducted by analyzing and comparing the previous data. D.It revealed an alarming rate of the invisible group suffering depression. 7.What is Carli's attitude toward the findings? A.Unclear. B.Concerned. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent. 8.What is the author's intention of writing this passage? A.To caution teens against developing unhealthy habit. B.To share a novel psychological experiment with teens. C.To introduce a new treatment for teens' mental disorder. D.To warn about the unobserved signs for teens' mental problems. [二次精读] 重点单词 alert/ə'lɜːt/v.　　　　　　　　　　向……报警，使警觉 brew/bruː/v. 酝酿 insufficient/ˌɪnsə'fɪʃnt/adj. 不充分的，不够重要的 重点短语 in danger of　　　　　　　　　　　处于危险之中 in all 总共 compared with... 与……相比 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 词块积累 at risk of depression　　　　　　　有抑郁的风险 cut classes 逃课 score high 得到高分 长难句分析 But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position. 但该研究警告说，那些极端地从事这三种行为的青少年才是真正处于危险境地的人。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导的宾语从句中含有it is...who...的强调句型，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the extreme。 C (2024·江西景德镇期中) We've all heard the age­old advice to drink eight cups of water a day.But if you fall short, don't worry: That advice is probably wrong anyway.That's according to new research, which found that for most healthy adults, there is no real benefit to drinking eight cups of water a day. The advice to drink eight cups of water a day comes from a 1945 recommendation from the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council, which encouraged adults to consume about 64 ounces of water daily.The recommendation referred to a person's total daily intake of water, including from all their foods and drinks, but it was widely misinterpreted to mean that people should drink 8­ounce glasses of water every day. To see how much water people really need, Herman Pontzer, a professor at Duke University and his co­authors analyzed data on 5，600 people.The participants were tracked with a gold­standard technique called “doubly labeled water”， which uses water laced with tracers that can be used to track the body's production of carbon dioxide, allowing the researchers to get precise measurements of the participants' daily energy consumption. Using this method，the researchers determined how much water the participants lost and replaced each day, a measurement known as water turnover.They found that a person's daily water turnover was largely determined by their size and their level of body fat, which contains less water than muscle and other organs.The more “fat­free” mass a person has, the more water they need. The research showed that how much water you need changes over your lifetime.In general, our water needs peak between the ages of 20 and 50 and then decline in parallel with the slowing down of our metabolisms (新陈代谢). So how much water should you drink? The answer is simple: Drink when you're thirsty.Prioritize water, and try to avoid sugary drinks, which can cause metabolic problems.“If you're paying attention to your body and drinking when you feel like you need to, then you should be fine，” Pontzer said. 9.What is the author's attitude toward the advice to drink eight cups of water a day? A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain. 10.What can be known about the research conducted by Pontzer? A.It was conducted in 1945. B.It tracked participants' daily water turnover. C.It studied participants' feelings about drinking water. D.It found that body fat contains less water than muscle and other organs. 11.Which of the following is correct according to the passage? A.When people get older, they should drink more water. B.Drinking 64 ounces of water per day is beneficial to people. C.When people have more muscles, they need relatively more water. D.Drinking water with sugar can help improve metabolism. 12.Which is the best way to determine how much water to drink? A.By following the advice of experts. B.By drinking as much water as possible. C.By paying attention to one's body and drinking when thirsty. D.By measuring one's water turnover. [二次精读] 重点单词 intake/'ɪnteɪk/n.　　(食物、饮料、空气等的)摄取量；摄入 misinterpret/ˌmɪsɪn'tɜːprɪt/v. 曲解，误解 turnover/'tɜːnəʊvə(r)/n. 周转率 prioritize/praɪ'ɒrətaɪz/v. 按优先顺序列出；优先考虑(处理) 重点短语 refer to　　提及；涉及 be determined by... 由……决定 in parallel with... 与……同时进行 词块积累 fall short　不足，不够 there is no real benefit to doing 做……没有真正的好处 长难句分析 The participants were tracked with a gold­standard technique called “doubly labeled water”， which uses water laced with tracers that can be used to track the body's production of carbon dioxide, allowing the researchers to get precise measurements of the participants' daily energy consumption. 研究人员使用一种被称为“双标签水”的黄金标准技术对参与者进行跟踪，这种技术使用掺入了示踪剂的水，可以用来跟踪身体产生的二氧化碳，从而使研究人员能够精确测量参与者的日常能量消耗。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。主句中called为过去分词作后置定语，修饰technique，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词technique，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词tracers，allowing是现在分词作状语，表示顺其自然的结果。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·河北邯郸期末)Vel Scott is known for creating a bustling (热闹的) nightlife for Black Clevelanders in the 1960s.But now this grandmother has changed her life's work into helping others change their eating habits and creating a(n) __1__ lifestyle. In 1963, Vel and her husband Don Scott __2__ a nightclub.They brought in all kinds of performances from around the country to __3__ people and served food and drinks.While the __4__ husband­and­wife team continued to thrive (兴旺) __5__， some alarming news was revealed about Don's health.He was diagnosed during the 80s with heart problems and they knew they had to make some __6__. Vel took it upon herself to __7__ new dishes.The things she learned helped her husband reverse (逆转) some of his health __8__ in just a few short months.In 1998, she started Vel's Purple Oasis—a community­based urban __9__.It's the place where people of all ages learned how to grow and eat healthier __10__. Dionne Thomas­Carmichael, a friend of Vel who suffered from cancer, said, “Vel has really helped to__11__ me to eat really more fruits and vegetables.” Vel brings the farm to the__12__.And she brings residents to her community kitchen and gives them cooking lessons. “The Black community has the highest rates of cancer and the highest rates of diabetes (糖尿病).It's up to us to change our__13__ and our eating habits，” Vel said. Like Carmichael, many people have__14__ Vel with helping them to take back their health, __15__ at the kitchen table. 1.A.active　 　　 B.healthy　　 　 C.unique　 　　　D.green 2.A.visited B.dreamed of C.passed by D.opened 3.A.entertain B.educate C.promote D.contact 4.A.advantageous B.flexible C.energetic D.anxious 5.A.culturally B.technologically C.academically D.professionally 6.A.efforts B.comments C.changes D.demands 7.A.trade in B.care for C.experiment with D.cut off 8.A.needs B.challenges C.benefit D.guidance 9.A.museum B.road C.club D.farm 10.A.options B.donations C.collections D.adaptations 11.A.force B.permit C.require D.inspire 12.A.stage B.table C.hospital D.garden 13.A.attitude B.schedule C.goal D.circumstance 14.A.credited B.charged C.occupied D.satisfied 15.A.working B.staring C.starting D.communicating 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练四] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从健身小白到健身新手，从尴尬处境到体能自信的转变经历。健身经历让作者有了重要的体会：最重要的是出现在健身课堂上，只有出现才会有接下来的大汗淋漓的蜕变。 1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“就像我上过的每一堂健身课一样，我觉得自己是一个怪异的人。”以及后两句“其他人，穿着合身的背心和紧身裤，头发一点也不错位，看起来就像是属于她们的。另一方面，我的卷发现在被疯狂地解开了，一件超大的衬衫，我想知道为什么我会费心去上健身课。”可知，刚开始作者走进健身课堂时，觉得自己是一个怪人，自己在穿着、装扮和心态上与周围的人格格不入。由此可推知，作者当时应是很尴尬的。故选B。 2.C　主旨大意题。通过阅读第二段内容，结合该段前两句“那年早些时候，在家人的大力鼓励下，我决定真正尝试健身。我带着紧张的心情来到大学体育馆上动感单车课。”，“The first time...(第一次……)”以及最后一句“直到第三节课，当我顺利地过渡到站在自行车上时，我才开始有了一些信心。”可知，该段从作者有了健身的想法，讲到第一次出现在健身课上的心态，接着讲到第三次课时的信心增加，这些内容是对作者从“小白”到“健身新手”的经历的描述。因此可知，该段主要讲述了作者是如何成为健身新手的。故选C。 3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“但现在，我不再为我的体重而苦恼，而是开始惊讶地发现我的身体有能力举起杂货以及它所做的所有其他数不清的任务，以保持我的生活向前发展。”可知，作者发现自己的体能有所提升，可以支持她做很多事情，继而保持生活向前发展，即对于目前的体能，作者是感到骄傲和自豪的。故选D。 4.C　细节理解题。根据末尾段后半部分“我在一件重要的事情上是对的：真正重要的是露面，而不是你的穿着或健身能力。因为一旦你出现，剩下的事情就会变得更容易，一次一个汗流浃背的冒险。”可知，通过健身经历，作者认识到了“真正重要的是露面，因为一旦出现在健身课上，剩下的事情就是汗流浃背的冒险，如此简单”。故选C。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。青少年大量使用媒体，睡眠不足，久坐不动正被视为“隐形风险”。这些风险很可能导致青少年的心理健康问题。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段“这些青少年大量使用媒体，睡眠不足，生活方式久坐不动。当然，这听起来像是对地球上每一位青少年的描述。但该研究警告说，真正处于危险境地的是那些极端从事这三种行为的青少年。由于他们的行为通常不被视为危险信号，这些年轻人被研究的作者称为‘隐形风险’群体。”可知，一个睡眠不足的青少年可能属于“隐形风险”。故选D。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“在所有九种风险行为中得分较高的一组最有可能表现出抑郁症状；总的来说，这一组中有近15%的人表示患有抑郁症，而低风险组只有4%。但隐形群体并不远落后于高危人群，其中超过13%的人表现出抑郁症。”可知，这个新研究揭示了隐形群体患抑郁症的比率惊人。故选D。 7.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“这些发现让Carli措手不及。‘我们没想到，’他说。‘高风险组和低风险组是显而易见的，但第三组不仅出乎意料。它是如此独特，如此庞大——几乎占我们样本的三分之一——以至于它成为这项研究的一个关键发现。’”可知，Carli对该研究表示很关切。故选B。 8.D　推理判断题。根据全文和第二段最后一句“由于他们的行为通常不被视为危险信号，这些年轻人被研究的作者称为‘隐形风险’群体。”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了警告青少年心理问题的未被注意到的信号。故选D。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了关于每天需要饮用八杯水这一常见建议的正确性，并基于新的研究提出了不同的观点。 9.A　推理判断题。根据第一段“我们都听过一个古老的建议：每天喝八杯水。但如果你做不到，不要担心：这个建议可能是错误的。这是根据新的研究得出的结论。该研究发现，对于大多数健康的成年人来说，每天喝八杯水并没有真正的好处。”可知，作者首先提到“那个建议可能本来就是错误的”，然后基于新的研究成果解释了为什么这样说。这表明作者对“每天喝八杯水”的常见建议持批判态度。故选A。 10.B　细节理解题。根据第三段“为了了解人们到底需要多少水，杜克大学教授Herman Pontzer和他的合作者分析了5 600人的数据。研究人员使用一种被称为‘双标签水’的黄金标准技术对参与者进行跟踪，这种技术使用掺入了示踪剂的水，可以用来跟踪身体产生的二氧化碳，从而使研究人员能够精确测量参与者的日常能量消耗。”可知，Pontzer的研究追踪了参与者的每日水周转率，即参与者每天失去和补充多少水。故选B。 11.C　细节理解题。根据第四段“通过一种被称为水周转率的测量方法，研究人员确定了参与者每天损失和补充的水量。他们发现，一个人每天的水分周转量在很大程度上取决于他们的体型和体脂水平，而体脂所含的水分比肌肉和其他器官要少。一个人的‘无脂肪’质量越高，他们需要的水就越多。”可知，一个人的日常水周转率主要由其体型和体脂水平决定，而肌肉和其他器官含有更多的水。因此，当一个人有更多的肌肉时，他们需要更多的水。故选C。 12.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“那么你应该喝多少水呢？答案很简单：口渴的时候喝水。”以及最后一句“‘如果你关注自己的身体，在你觉得需要的时候喝水，那么你应该没事，’Pontzer说。”可知，确定应该喝多少水的最佳方法是通过关注自己的身体并在口渴时喝水。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Vel Scott通过改变他人饮食生活习惯来帮助他们恢复健康的故事。 1.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在，这位祖母改变了自己的工作，帮助别人改变饮食习惯，创造一种健康的生活方式。A.active活跃的；B.healthy 健康的；C.unique独特的；D.green绿色的。根据“helping others change their eating habits”及下文内容可知，威尔帮助别人改变饮食习惯，创造了健康的生活方式。故选B。 2.D　考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意：1963年，威尔和她的丈夫唐·斯科特开了一家夜总会。A.visited参观，拜访；B.dreamed of梦想；C.passed by经过；D.opened开。根据后文“They brought in all kinds of performances from around the country”可知，这对夫妇开了一家夜总会。故选D。 3.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们带来了来自全国各地的各种表演来娱乐人们，并提供食物和饮料。A.entertain使娱乐；B.educate教育；C.promote提升；D.contact联系。根据“They brought in all kinds of performances”及“served food and drinks”可知，此处表示夫妇两人引入表演，招待食物和饮料来娱乐人们。故选A。 4.C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当这对精力充沛的夫妻继续在事业上蒸蒸日上时，唐的健康状况也传来了一些令人担忧的消息。A.advantageous有益的；B.flexible灵活的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据“husband­and­wife team continued to thrive(兴旺)”及前文“In 1963, Vel and her husband Don Scott __2__ a nightclub.”可知，这对夫妻经营了一家夜总会，因此精力充沛。故选C。 5.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：当这对精力充沛的夫妻团队继续在事业上蒸蒸日上时，唐的健康状况也传来了一些令人担忧的消息。A.culturally从文化角度；B.technologically技术上；C.academically学术上；D.professionally事业上。根据“husband­and­wife team continued to thrive”可知，他们的事业蒸蒸日上。故选D。 6.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在80年代被诊断出患有心脏病，他们知道他们必须做出一些改变。A.efforts努力；B.comments评论；C.changes改变；D.demands要求。根据“He was diagnosed during the 80s with heart problems”可知，发现生病了，所以需要一些改变。故选C。 7.C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：威尔主动尝试新菜式。A.trade in交换；B.care for照顾；C.experiment with尝试；D.cut off切断。根据下文“The things she learned helped her husband reverse (逆转) some of his health”可知，威尔为了帮助自己的丈夫，开始尝试新菜式。故选C。 8.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她学到的东西帮助她的丈夫在短短几个月内扭转了他的一些健康挑战。A.needs需要；B.challenges挑战；C.benefit好处；D.guidance指导。根据上文“heart problems”可知，威尔的丈夫遭受了健康挑战。故选B。 9.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：1998年，她创办了威尔的紫色绿洲——一个以社区为基础的城市农场。A.museum博物馆；B.road道路；C.club俱乐部；D.farm农场。根据下文“Vel brings the farm to the __12__.”及“It's the place where people of all ages learned how to grow and eat healthier”可知，威尔创办了一个农场。故选D。 10.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，所有年龄段的人都学会了如何种植和吃得更健康。A.options选择；B.donations捐赠；C.collections收藏；D.adaptations适应。根据“learned how to grow and eat healthier __10__”可推知，此处这个农场是为了教会人们如何种植和吃得更健康。故选A。 11.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：威尔真的帮助激励了我多吃水果和蔬菜。A.force强迫；B.permit允许；C.require要求；D.inspire激励。根据“to eat really more fruits and vegetables”可知，Dionne Thomas­Carmichael表示威尔激励了自己多吃蔬果。故选D。 12.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔把农场搬到了餐桌上。A.stage舞台；B.table餐桌；C.hospital医院；D.garden花园。根据下文“And she brings residents to her community kitchen and gives them cooking lessons.”可知，威尔把农场上的蔬果带到了餐桌上。故选B。 13.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔说，“黑人社区的癌症和糖尿病发病率最高。改变我们的态度和饮食习惯取决于我们自己。”A.attitude态度；B.schedule计划；C.goal目标；D.circumstance条件，情况。根据“and our eating habits”可知，开始吃蔬果需要“态度”和习惯两方面的改变。故选A。 14.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：像卡迈克尔一样，许多人都认为威尔从餐桌上开始帮助他们恢复健康。A.credited归功于；B.charged要价；C.occupied占据；D.satisfied使满意。根据“Vel with helping them to take back their health”可知，credit sb with doing sth意思为：归功于某人做某事。故选A。 15.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：像卡迈克尔一样，许多人都认为威尔从餐桌上开始帮助他们恢复健康。A.working运作；B.staring凝视；C.starting开始；D.communicating交流。根据上文“And she brings residents to her community kitchen and gives them cooking lessons.”可知，威尔从餐桌开始帮助他们恢复健康。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$