UNIT2 单元话题阅读二（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

(材料选自人教版旧教材选修第六册Unit 3) ◎ ADVICE FROM GRANDAD Dear James， It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of① the garden.I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle.[1]It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.It's my birthday in two weeks' time and I'll be 82 years old! I think my long and active life must be due to② the healthy life I live. [1]在It seems amazing that...中， that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。 This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are[2]finding it difficult to give it up.Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough③ it is to stop.You see, during adolescence④ I also smoked and became addicted to⑤ cigarettes. [2]此处第一个it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to give it up。 By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways? First⑥， you can become physically addicted to nicotine, [3]which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to⑦ having nicotine in it.So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal⑧symptoms.I remember feeling bad­tempered⑨ and sometimes even in pain.Secondly, you become addicted through habit.[4]As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically⑩.Lastly, you can become mentally⑪addicted.I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit⑫.But [5]I did finally manage. [3]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰nicotine。 [4]as引导定语从句，if引导条件状语从句。 [5]在“do/does/did＋动词原形”结构中，do/does/did为助动词，意为“确实；的确”，用于肯定句，起加强语气的作用，有人称和时态的变化。 When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects⑬ of smoking.I didn't know, for example，[6]that it could do terrible damage to⑭ your heart and lungs⑮ or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant⑯.I certainly didn't know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal⑰ in some way.[7]Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non­smokers.However, [8]what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I [9]smelt terrible.[10]She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow.She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again [11]unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless⑱ quickly, and that I wasn't enjoying sport as much.When I was taken off⑲ the school football team because I was unfit⑳， I knew it was time to quit smoking. [6]or连接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个that可省略，但第二个that不能省略。 [7]neither位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装结构。 [8]what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。 [9]smell此处为连系动词，表示“闻起来”，后常接形容词。 [10]said后有两个宾语从句。 [11]unless表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句。 I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet.It might help you to stop and strengthenB21your resolveB22.[12]I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. [12]本句中第一个as为副词，修饰long和healthy，第二个as为连词，引导方式状语从句。as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as 表示“像……一样的……”。 Love from Grandad ◎ ①at the end of... 在……的尽头/末端 ②due to...由于…… due/djuː/adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 ③tough/tʌf/adj.困难的；强硬的 ④adolescence/ˌædə'lesns/n.青春期 adolescent/ˌædə'lesnt/n.青少年adj.青春期的 ⑤addicted to...对……有瘾 addicted/ə'dɪktɪd/adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的 ⑥first和下文的secondly, lastly等连用，表示顺序。 ⑦accustomed/ə'kʌstəmd/to...习惯于…… ⑧withdrawal/wɪð'drɔːəl/n.收回；戒毒过程 ⑨bad­tempered/ˌbæd'tempərd/adj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的 ⑩automatically/ˌɔːtə'mætɪkli/adv.无意识地；自动地 ⑪mentally/'mentəli/adv.精神上；智力上 ⑫quit/kwɪt/vt.停止(做某事)；离开 ⑬effect/ɪ'fekt/n.结果；效力 ⑭do damage to...对……造成伤害 ⑮lung/lʌ/n.肺 ⑯pregnant/'preɡnənt/adj.怀孕的 ⑰abnormal/æb'nɔːml/adj.畸形的；异常的 ⑱breathless/'breθləs/adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的 ⑲take off此处意为“开除；除名”，还可作“脱掉；起飞；成名”讲。 ⑳unfit/ˌʌn'fɪt/adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 strengthen/'streθn/vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强 resolve/rɪ'zɒlv/n.决心；决定 ◎ 亲爱的詹姆士： 今天这儿的天气很好。我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下呢。我刚刚才回来，骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡。这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，仍然身体足够健康能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我(之所以)长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我过的健康生活。 这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我吧，我知道开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且对烟还上了瘾。 这儿我顺便问你一个问题，你知道上瘾有三个不同方面的原因吗？首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾，它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。因此一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会有脱瘾症状。我记得曾感到烦躁，有时甚至痛苦。其次，你也可能因为习惯而上瘾。你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你就会开始自动地做它。最后，你可能在心理上上瘾。我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。我(之所以)上瘾共有三个方面的原因，因此，要戒烟就很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。 在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。例如，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我当然不知道他们的婴儿在出生时可能体重较轻甚至在某些方面不正常。我也不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟的人的健康。然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我身上很难闻。她说我的呼吸、我的衣服都有烟味，而且我的指尖都变黄了。她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会再同我一起外出的！我也发现我(跑步)很快就气喘，也不像以前那样爱好运动了。当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我知道该是戒烟的时候了。 我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你。这也许对你戒烟和坚定决心有帮助。我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。 爱你的爷爷 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$