UNIT1 赏名著·知识拓展（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

【导读】　《绿野仙踪》是美国作家弗兰克·鲍姆的儿童文学作品。作者以奇特的想象力描述了一个小女孩被旋风刮到奥芝国，和她的三个朋友狮子、稻草人、铁皮人团结在一起，共同克服困难，战胜险恶，为了实现自己的愿望，不屈不挠地同恶魔斗争，最终如愿以偿的故事。 Wizard of Oz(excerpt) Dorothy lived in the midst of the great Kansas prairies, with Uncle Henry, who was a farmer, and Aunt Em, who was the farmer's wife.Their house was small, for the lumber to build it had to be carried by wagon many miles.There were four walls, a floor and a roof, which made one room; and this room contained a rusty looking cookstove, a cupboard for the dishes, a table, three or four chairs, and the beds.Uncle Henry and Aunt Em had a big bed in one corner, and Dorothy a little bed in another corner.There was no garret at all, and no cellar—except a small hole dug in the ground, called a cyclone cellar, where the family could go in case one of those great whirlwinds arose, mighty enough to crush any building in its path.It was reached by a trap door in the middle of the floor, from which a ladder led down into the small, dark hole. When Dorothy stood in the doorway and looked around, she could see nothing but the great gray prairie on every side.Not a tree nor a house broke the broad sweep of flat country that reached to the edge of the sky in all directions.The sun had baked the plowed land into a gray mass, with little cracks running through it.Even the grass was not green, for the sun had burned the tops of the long blades until they were the same gray color to be seen everywhere.Once the house had been painted, but the sun blistered the paint and the rains washed it away, and now the house was as dull and gray as everything else. When Aunt Em came there to live she was a young, pretty wife.The sun and wind had changed her, too.They had taken the sparkle from her eyes and left them a sober gray; they had taken the red from her cheeks and lips, and they were gray also.She was thin and gaunt, and never smiled now.《绿野仙踪》(节选) 多萝茜与亨利叔叔、爱姆婶婶，一起住在堪萨斯州大草原的中部。叔叔是个农民，婶婶是他的妻子。他们的房子很小，因为建屋子的木材，要从很远的地方用货车运过来，很不容易。所以他们住的一间屋子只是由四垛板壁、一个屋顶和一堂地板构成。屋子里有一个生锈的烧饭用的炉灶，一个放盆碟的橱，一张桌子，三四把椅子和床。亨利叔叔和爱姆婶婶的大床，放在角落里，多萝茜的小床，放在另外一个角落里。整屋子没有阁楼，也没有地下室——只有一个小洞，直通到地面下，这洞叫作地下避风室。在大旋风刮来时全家人可以躲进里面去，因为凡是旋风经过的地方，不论什么屋子它都能够吹倒。在地板的中央，有一扇活动的木门，那里有一座梯子，走下去就进入了那又小又黑的地洞里。 多萝茜站在门口，向四周眺望，唯有茫茫的灰色的大草原，望不到尽头。在那一片宽阔平坦的原野上没有一棵树，也没有一间小屋子。那草原似乎一直伸展到天边。太阳烤炙着这片耕作过的田地，使它变成一片灰色的有许多裂缝的荒野，甚至原野上的草也不是绿色的，因为太阳灼烧着它们的顶部长叶，使得它们不论从何处看，都是灰色的。有一次，屋子油漆过了，太阳却把油漆晒起了泡，雨把它褪去了，现在这屋子就像其他东西一样地暗淡了。 当初爱姆婶婶来到这里的时候，她还是个年轻貌美的新嫁娘。太阳和风使她变了样。它们从她的眼睛里带走了光辉，留下了一种沉重的灰色；它们从她的面颊上和嘴唇上，拿走了红润，也只剩灰色。如今她消瘦而且憔悴，不再微笑。 知识积累 garret/'ɡærət/n.　顶楼小屋，阁楼 crush/krʌʃ/vt. 压坏，压碎 bake/beɪk/vt. 烘烤 gaunt/ɡɔːnt/adj. 憔悴的 It was reached by a trap door in the middle of the floor, from which a ladder led down into the small, dark hole. 【分析】　 此句为主从复合句。句中含有which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“a trap door”，且which在从句中作介词 from 的宾语。 文化链接 　　《绿野仙踪》是美国作家弗兰克·鲍姆创作的童话作品，同名系列童话故事的第一部，按照原名直译为《奥兹国的魔术师》，中国国内一般翻译为《绿野仙踪》。 《绿野仙踪》讲述了一个勇敢、善良的美国小姑娘多萝西，她住在大草原上，有一天被龙卷风卷到一个叫奥兹国的地方，那是一个奇异的、绚丽多彩的地方。面对这片神奇的热土，多萝西只想回到自己的家乡。好心的女巫指点她到翡翠城找大术士帮忙送她回家。她先后遇到了没有脑子的稻草人、没有爱心的铁皮人和胆小的狮子。他们都有各自的心愿：稻草人渴望得到脑子，成为一个聪明智慧的人；铁皮人想得到一颗心，可以去感受世间情爱和幸福；胆小的狮子渴望得到胆量和气势，想要具有百兽之王的气魄和勇敢。多萝西有了三个朋友的陪伴，在旅途中，他们互相帮助、彼此依靠、团结友爱、齐心协力，几经周折、历经千辛万苦终于如愿以偿地完成了各自的心愿。故事中充满友情、忠诚、诺言、合作……但又不局限于此，更应该是四个好朋友发现自我、经历成长的故事。而四个好朋友的回家之旅，不仅仅是里程上的归途，更是心灵上的成长之旅。 《绿野仙踪》是美国儿童文学史上的经典著作，对世界儿童文学也产生了深远影响。 整个故事结构简单，而寄寓深广，篇幅短小却蕴含无限。哈佛大学的113名各学科教授也一致认为，《绿野仙踪》是直接影响他们人生的作品。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$