UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练四（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Children's Sci­fi Art Predicts Extraordinary Future (2024·陕西榆林阶段练习)More than 80 sci­fi artworks are on display at the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, showing a beautiful yet puzzling future.The “Brave New Sci­Fi World” exhibition features paintings and art installations by students from Shanghai, Beijing, Chongqing and other cities.They imagine the future as a world where robots and human beings co­exist. Ru Chen, from Shanghai New Putuo Primary School, has pictured a robot chameleon (变色龙) to be used in outer space to aid in the search and rescue of human beings in case of danger. Li Jiaqi from Guangzhou Dongfeng East Road Primary School has painted a city where advanced technologies are everywhere, and even the city itself turns into a large robot. Huang Yanrui from Beijing Shijingshan Gucheng No.2 Primary School imagines his rubber, pencil box and such stationery (文具) becoming conscious robots, and beginning to design future human beings. Wang Zhihan, from Shanghai Shangde Experimental School and her schoolmates, stick electronic components on stone faces as a metaphor (隐喻) for the increasingly unclear boundaries between the reality and virtual world.“We hope to remind people never lose yourself in a world with advanced technologies，” she said. The exhibition will last till November 4. Opening hours： Tuesdays—Sundays 9：00－17：15；legal holidays 8：45－18：30. Transportation Guide： Metro: Metro Line 2: Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Station. Metro Line 4, Metro Line 6 and Metro Line 9: change to Metro Line 2 at the Century Avenue Station. Bus Routes: Bus 184, 640, 794, 983, 984, 987, 1023, 640 inter­zonal bus will take you there. 1.Whose artwork is related with space? A.Ru Chen's.　　　　 B.Li Jiaqi's. C.Huang Yanrui's. D.Wang Zhihan's. 2.Where does the student with an imagination of stationery robots come from? A.Shanghai. B.Guangzhou. C.Chongqing. D.Beijing. 3.Which line can directly take you to the museum? A.Metro Line 2. B.Metro Line 4. C.Metro Line 6. D.Metro Line 9. [二次精读] 重点 单词 extraordinary /ɪk'strɔːd(ə)n(ə)ri/ adj.　非凡的，卓越的 feature /'fiːtʃə(r)/ v. 以……为特色 installation /ˌɪnstə'leɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 安装；装置，设备 conscious /'kɒnʃəs/ adj. 意识到的；有知觉的 component /kəm'pəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分，成分，部件 virtual/'vɜːtʃuəl/ adj. 虚拟的，虚的 重点 短语 on display　　展览，公开展出 in case of 以防；万一 续表 语块 积累 sci­fi artworks　科幻作品 legal holidays 法定假日 imagine...as... 将……想象为…… 长难句 分析 Li Jiaqi from Guangzhou Dongfeng East Road Primary School has painted a city where advanced technologies are everywhere，and even the city itself turns into a large robot. 广州东风东路小学的Li Jiaqi描绘了一个技术处处先进的城市，甚至城市本身也变成了一个大型机器人。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。from Guangzhou Dongfeng East Road Primary School为介词短语作后置定语，修饰Li Jiaqi；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词city。and连接的分句和前面句子为并列关系。 B (2024·陕西榆林期中)We don't know how different our life will be in the future.We can only try to imagine it. At first we think about human relationships.In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day.We will be making new friends through the Internet even our husbands or wives will be met in this way.It will be much faster and easier for us.On the other hand, our relationships with people won't be as important as they are today—we will feel a little lonely. Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050.For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier.In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us. Spending holidays will also be completely different.Travelling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone.Means of transport will, of course, change, too.We will be using solar­powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly. We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment.But it isn't true.We will pay more attention to the environment protection.Scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS.Therefore, our surroundings as well as our health will be in better condition. Although we can't predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them.We worry about our and our children's future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears.But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future.We should be happy and believe good things will happen. 4.What can we know about our life in 2050 from the first three paragraphs? A.The number of people will become much smaller. B.Computers will play a much more important role in human life. C.Robots will replace people to work. D.Computers will do all the things for human beings. 5.What will our living condition be like in the future? A.Faster technological progress will pollute our environment seriously. B.Our environmental condition won't change any more. C.We will still suffer from cancer and AIDS. D.Our living condition will be improved in the future. 6.What does the underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A.Disappointed.　　　 B.Surprised. C.Positive. D.Curious. 7.What does the text mainly talk about? A.How people will communicate in the year 2050. B.What our life will be like in the year 2050. C.How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050. D.What high technology will appear in the year 2050. [二次精读] 重点 单词 surroundings/sə'raʊndɪz/ n.　周围环境，周围事物 expectation /ˌekspek'teɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 期望，指望 重点 短语 on the other hand　另一方面 play a similar role as... 扮演与……相似的角色 语块 积累 find cures for　寻找治疗……方法 in better condition 状态较好 environmentally friendly 环保的 长难句 分析 Although we can't predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. 虽然我们无法预测世界上将会发生的确切变化，但我们经常会思考它们。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the exact changes。 C (2024·陕西榆林期末)Since time immemorial, people have been searching for the fountain of youth.Surprisingly, the dream of human immortality is, according to some scientists, not so far out of reach. Professor Brian Cox, Google's Ray Kurzweil, and Tesla head Elon Musk all agree on not only the possibility of human immortality but also that it is not too far away.The solution, they say, is something called the “technological singularity”. The singularity is a combination of humankind with computers, namely uploading the contents of one's brain onto a hard drive.In that way, a person's consciousness can stay alive after a physical body gets worse.This is based on the idea that a human brain is simply a machine, and there is, according to Professor Cox, “no reason at all why we cannot simulate human intelligence，” using a computer. Although Professor Cox did not say when the singularity would occur, Google's Ray Kurzweil predicts that the singularity will happen as early as 2045.By 2100, he says, human body parts will be replaceable by machine parts.Further, by uploading our brains onto a computer, we will be able to toy with it, and become “able to expand the scope of our intelligence a billion fold.” Elon Musk agreed with the assessments of the other scientists, even going so far as saying that the chances that we are not in a computer simulation right now are “one in billions.” Google is preparing for a future where you can download personalities onto robots.For example, you might be able to download onto your robot a celebrity personality, or of the personality of your deceased grandmother.The search engine giant filed a patent for this download process recently.So they definitely believe that the singularity is just around the corner.All you have to do is hold on until 2045, and soon you can effectively live in the cloud. 8.What does the underlined word “immortality” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Being perfect.　　　 B.Being wealthy. C.Living forever. D.Continuous improvement. 9.How did the writer illustrate the idea of human immortality in the text? A.By listing data. B.By presenting quotations. C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons. 10.Which of the following can Elon Musk most probably agree with? A.Computers are much smarter than humankind. B.Computers can never surpass humankind at all. C.Computers and humankind are quite different. D.Computers can be another version of humankind. 11.How can humankind improve by 2100 according to the text? A.Physically and intelligently. B.Individually and corporately. C.Psychologically and spiritually. D.Emotionally and materially. [二次精读] 重点 单词 immemorial /ˌɪmə'mɔːriəl/ adj.　远古的；无法追忆的 singularity/ˌsɪɡju'lærəti/ n. 单一，独特 namely /'neɪmli/ adv. 即，也就是 simulate/'sɪmjuleɪt/ v. 模拟；模仿 celebrity/sə'lebrəti/ n. 名声，名望；名人 deceased/dɪ'siːst/ adj. 已故的 file /faɪl/ v. 提出(申请) 重点 短语 search for寻找　　　　　　　　　upload...onto...将……上传到…… be based on以……为基础 hold on紧握住；坚持 语块 积累 out of reach够不着　　　　　　 the scope of ……的范围 a billion fold十亿倍 be around the corner即将来临 live in the cloud生活在云端 长难句 分析 This is based on the idea that a human brain is simply a machine, and there is, according to Professor Cox, “no reason at all why we cannot simulate human intelligence，” using a computer. 这是基于人类的大脑只是一个机器的想法，根据考克斯教授的说法，“我们没有任何理由不能用计算机模拟人类智能”。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。and 连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中that引导同位语从句，对先行词the idea起解释说明作用，第二个分句中why引导定语从句，修饰限制先行词reason，using a computer是现在分词短语作状语。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·广东揭阳阶段练习)We asked Professor John Williams, a futurologist, for his expert predictions on life in the next few decades. “Unfortunately, it looks quite likely that the climate may__1__ significantly (显著地), with hotter summers, colder winters and more flooding.At the same time, fuel for heating or air conditioning will probably become much more expensive.For these reasons, our houses will certainly have to become much better __2__.People are already building so­called ‘passive houses’， which have little or no central heating at all, __3__ the body heat of the people who live there.” “Homes probably won't be as big, and so we will need more adaptable (可改变的) furniture, such as sofa beds, and when we are not __4__ our furniture we will be able to fold it away into wall cabinets (壁橱).Houses could have moveable walls so that the same space can be __5__ in different ways.” “New technology will make us more self­sufficient (自给自足的).Kitchens may have fish tanks which, as well as providing fish to eat, also __6__ fresh vegetables.The plants will __7__ oxygen for the fish.These tanks will be powered by household waste and create __8__， which can then be used to run the family car—__9__ we might not all have cars！” “Water will be more expensive and the home of the future will probably be designed to use much__10__ water.Washing machines and dishwashers might use sound waves to shake __11__ off.We may even take showers using sound waves.What water we do use will be recycled and used again round the house and private swimming pools will become a thing of the __12__.” “We will also__13__ have more robots in our houses, though they won't look like the ones in films.There will probably be small robots __14__ to clean the fridge or open the curtains.__15__ fridges will tell us when food is about to go out of date and even suggest recipes, and we will be able to communicate with our homes by mobile phone wherever we are.” 1.A.change　　 B.improve　 　　C.respond　　　　 D.cool 2.A.prepared B.placed C.qualified D.equipped 3.A.dealing with B.relying on C.focusing on D.giving out 4.A.using B.moving C.cleaning D.selling 5.A.demanded B.arranged C.measured D.enlarged 6.A.produce B.wash C.store D.cook 7.A.find B.save C.provide D.test 8.A.spaces B.energy C.systems D.material 9.A.as B.if C.unless D.though 10.A.more B.warmer C.less D.slower 11.A.dirt B.water C.leaves D.hair 12.A.future B.past C.life D.imagination 13.A.regularly B.suddenly C.nearly D.certainly 14.A.designed B.discovered C.repaired D.collected 15.A.Old B.Additional C.Common D.Clever 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练四] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了上海科技馆推出的“美丽的新科幻世界”展览。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段“来自上海新普陀小学的Ru Chen描绘了一个机器人变色龙，它将在外太空帮助搜救发生危险的人类”可知，Ru Chen的作品与太空有关。故选A。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第四段“来自北京石景山古城第二小学的Huang Yanrui设想，他的橡皮、铅笔盒等文具将成为有意识的机器人，并开始设计未来的人类”。可知，有着把文具变成机器人想法的学生来自北京。故选D。 3.A　细节理解题。根据Transportation Guide部分的“Metro: Metro Line 2: Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Station.(地铁：地铁2号线：上海科技馆站)”可知，乘坐地铁2号线可直达博物馆。故选A。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是作者对2050年的生活的展望。 4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“在2050年，我们几乎每天都会使用电脑。我们将通过互联网结交新朋友，甚至我们的丈夫或妻子也将以这种方式结识。”和第三段第一句“到2050年，计算机还将在许多其他活动中帮助我们。”可知，从前三段中我们可以知道在2050年，计算机将在人类生活中扮演更重要的角色。故选B。 5.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三四五句“我们将更加注意环境保护。科学家可能会找到许多危险疾病的治疗方法，如癌症或艾滋病。因此，我们的环境以及我们的健康将处于更好的状态。”可知，我们的生活条件将在未来得到改善。故选D。 6.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面句子“我们担心我们和我们孩子的未来；我们有期待，有希望，也有恐惧。但……”和后面句子“我们应该快乐，相信好事会发生。”可知，画线词所在句子表示“但我认为我们应该对我们的未来相当乐观”，画线词sanguine的意思是“乐观的”，和positive意思相近，故选C。 7.B　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一二段“我们不知道未来的生活会有多大的不同。我们只能试着去想象。首先我们想到的是人际关系。在2050年，我们几乎每天都会使用电脑。”和第三段第一句“到2050年，计算机还将在许多其他活动中帮助我们。”可知，本文主要讲的是对2050年的生活的展望，因此本文的主旨是B选项“What our life will be like in the year 2050.(2050年我们的生活会是什么样子)”。故选B。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。自古以来人们就一直寻找青春之泉，令人惊讶的是，根据一些科学家的说法，人类永生的梦想并非遥不可及。文章引用Brian Cox，Ray Kurzweil和Elon Musk三人的观点来说明不久的将来人类可以永生——通过“技术奇异点”，即将人类和计算机结合起来，即使身体状况变坏后，人类的意识还是会存在。 8.C　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“自古以来，人们就在寻找青春之泉。”和第三段第二句“这样，一个人的意识可以在身体状况变差后继续存活。”可知，人们一直都在寻求青春之泉，在身体情况变差后意识仍会继续存活。由此可推知，画线单词“immortality”意为“永生”，故选C。 9.B　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Brian Cox教授、谷歌Ray Kurzweil和特斯拉首席执行官Elon Musk都认为，人类不朽的可能性不仅存在，而且不会太遥远。”以及下文引用的这三个人的观点，其中有直接引语也有间接引语可推知，文章主要通过呈现引语来论证人类永生的观点。故选B。 10.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Elon Musk同意其他科学家的评估，甚至说我们现在没有陷入计算机模拟的可能性是‘十亿分之一’。”可知，我们现在处于计算机仿真中的概率很大。由此可推知，计算机可能是人类的另一个翻版。故选D。 11.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“他说，到2100年，人体器官将可以被机器部件所替代。此外，通过将我们的大脑上传到计算机上，我们将能够玩弄它，并成为‘能够将我们的智力范围扩大十亿倍’。”可知，到2100年人类将会在身体和智能上得到提高。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了John Williams对未来的展望。 1.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，气候很可能会发生重大变化，夏季更热，冬季更冷，洪水更多。A.change改变；B.improve提高；C.respond回答；D.cool (使)冷却。根据下文“with hotter summers, colder winters and more flooding”可知，气候发生改变了。故选A。 2.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这些原因，我们的房子肯定要更好地被装备。A.prepared准备好的；B.placed名列前茅的；C.qualified有资格的；D.equipped装备齐全的。根据上文“fuel for heating or air conditioning will probably become much more expensive”可知，用于供暖或空调的燃料可能会变得更加昂贵，所以房子应该更好地被装备。故选D。 3.B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们已经开始建造所谓的“被动式房屋”，这种房屋很少或根本没有中央供暖系统，依靠居住在那里的人的体温。A.dealing with处理；B.relying on依靠；C.focusing on集中于；D.giving out用完。根据上文“have little or no central heating”可知，房屋很少或根本没有中央供暖系统，所以就要依靠居住者自己的体温了。故选B。 4.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：房子可能不会那么大，所以我们需要适应性更强的家具，比如沙发床，当我们不用家具的时候，我们可以把它折叠起来放进壁柜里。A.using使用；B.moving移动；C.cleaning清洁；D.selling 卖。根据下文“we will be able to fold it away into wall cabinets”可知，我们不用沙发床的时候才把它折叠起来。故选A。 5.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：房屋可以有可移动的墙壁，这样相同的空间就可以以不同的方式排列。A.demanded 要求；B.arranged排列；C.measured测量；D.enlarged扩大。根据上文“Houses could have moveable walls so that the same space can be”可知，房屋可以有可移动的墙壁，这样相同的空间就可以以不同的方式排列。故选B。 6.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：厨房可能有鱼缸，除了提供鱼吃，也生产新鲜蔬菜。A.produce生产；B.wash洗；C.store储存；D.cook烹饪。根据上文“fish tanks”和下文“fresh vegetables”可知，是在鱼缸里种菜，也就是生产菜。故选A。 7.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物将为鱼类提供氧气。A.find发现；B.save救；C.provide提供；D.test测试。根据上文“plants”和下文“oxygen for the fish”及常识可知，植物会给鱼提供氧气。故选C。 8.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后用来驱动家用汽车——尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车！A.spaces空间；B.energy能量；C.systems系统；D.material材料。根据下文“which can then be used to run the family car”可知，这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后驱动汽车。故选B。 9.D　考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后用来驱动家用汽车——尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车！A.as当……的时候；B.if如果；C.unless除非；D.though虽然。根据下文“we might not all have cars”可知，此处表示“尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车”。故选D。 10.C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水将更加昂贵，未来的住宅可能会设计成使用更少的水。A.more更多的；B.warmer更温暖的；C.less更少的；D.slower更慢的。根据上文“Water will be more expensive”可知，水将更加昂贵，所以未来房子的设计要用更少的水。故选C。 11.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：洗衣机和洗碗机可能会使用声波来抖掉污垢。A.dirt污垢；B.water水；C.leaves树叶；D.hair头发。根据上文“Washing machines and dishwashers”可知，洗衣机和洗碗机是用来洗掉污垢的。故选A。 12.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们使用的水将被循环利用，并在房子周围再次使用，私人游泳池将成为过去。A.future未来；B.past过去；C.life生活；D.imagination 想象力。根据上文“Water will be more expensive”可知，因为水很贵，所以就不会有私人游泳池，私人游泳池就成了过去。故选B。 13.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，我们家里也会有更多的机器人，尽管它们看起来不会像电影里的机器人。A.regularly定期地；B.suddenly突然；C.nearly几乎，差不多；D.certainly当然。根据下文“have more robots in our houses”可知，此处表示“当然，我们家里也会有更多的机器人”。故选D。 14.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能会有小型机器人被设计用来清洁冰箱或拉开窗帘。A.designed设计；B.discovered发现；C.repaired修理；D.collected收集。根据上文“small robots”可知，小型机器人被设计来清洁冰箱或拉开窗帘。故选A。 15.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：智能冰箱会在食物即将过期时告诉我们，甚至会提出食谱建议，无论我们身在何处，我们都能通过手机与家人联系。A.Old老的；B.Additional额外的；C.Common普通的；D.Clever聪明的。根据下文“tell us when food is about to go out of date and even suggest recipes”可知，这种能告诉我们食物要过期了的冰箱是智能的。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$