UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练二（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·山西临汾阶段练习)What will our world really be like 20 years from now? What does the future hold for the food we eat, the technology we use and the homes we live in? It would be beyond imagination—food pills, flying cars and bases on the moon—but the reality will probably be less exciting.The world in 2040 will probably be much like it is today, but smarter. The future of food The next major food change will be vertical farming in which we grow food in AI­controlled vertical buildings rather than horizontal land.We could be eating insects in 2040.Insects are rich in proteins, low in fat and a good source of calcium. The future of love The Internet has forever changed the way people meet and fall in love.Online dating and location­based services have opened up possibilities that allow people to look beyond their friends, friends of friends, and co­workers. The future of technology We're heading into a future where improved battery technology will make better electric cars, personal flying machines, and private space tourism possible. The future of work Rather than humans working with machines, robots are likely to reduce some jobs.Taxi drivers will be replaced by self­driving cars, for example.Clearly, there will also be new jobs created: the computer engineer, mechanics who fix the self­driving taxis, programmers, space tour guides and vertical farmers.Technology will continue to disturb businesses and get rid of some jobs, creating new professions we can't yet imagine. The future of health Hospitals are the costliest part in the health system.Prevention will become the center of attention as we gain greater control of our health information. 1.What is the food in 2040 like? A.People will not eat pork or beef then. B.Insects will become the main food then. C.The food will mainly exist in the form of pills. D.Part of the food will come from vertical farming. 2.What can we learn from paragraph 5? A.New professions will appear. B.Boring jobs will be abandoned. C.Most jobs will be done by robots. D.Humans will work with machines. 3.What will be the focus of health in the future? A.Hospital treatment.　　　 B.Health systems. C.Prevention. D.Health information. [二次精读] 重点 单词 horizontal/ˌhɒrɪ'zɒnt(ə)l/ adj.　水平的；在地平线上的 costly /'kɒstli/ adj. 昂贵的，值钱的 prevention /prɪ'venʃn/ n. 预防，防止 重点 短语 rather than而不是　　　　　　　　　　　low in含有少量的；缺乏 get rid of摆脱；消除 语块 积累 beyond imagination超乎想象　　　　　　vertical farming垂直农业 gain greater control of获得更大的控制权 长难句 分析 Online dating and location­based services have opened up possibilities that allow people to look beyond their friends, friends of friends, and co­workers. 在线约会和基于位置的服务打开了一种可能性，允许人们超越他们的朋友、朋友的朋友和同事。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词possibilities，to look beyond their friends, friends of friends, and co­workers是不定式作people的宾语补足语，构成allow sb to do结构。 [背景知识] Vertical Farming：垂直农业，是将农作物或牲畜培养在摩天大楼的温室中的农作法，大楼有着透明的外墙，使用日光与人工光当作光源。“垂直农业”这一概念最早由美国哥伦比亚大学教授迪克逊·德斯帕米尔提出。德斯帕米尔希望在由玻璃和钢筋组成的光线充足的建筑物里能够出产人们所需的食物。比如在1楼喂养罗非鱼，在12楼种植西红柿……在建筑物内，所有的水都被循环利用；植物不使用堆肥；产生的甲烷等气体被收集起来变成热量；牲畜的排泄物成为能源的来源等。“垂直农业”，是一种获取食物、处理废弃物的新途径。 垂直农业也叫垂直农耕，是科学家为了研究未来农业发展面临的人口压力及资源匮乏问题所提出的一个新概念，主要任务在于解决资源与空间的充分利用和单位面积产量的最大化发挥。 B (2024·河南南阳阶段练习)Some talk of building settlements on the moon or Mars to help make sure humanity survives long into the future.Others have their sights set closer to home: on future cities under the ocean. “Technologically speaking, it is absolutely possible to colonize the bottom of the sea，” says Fabien Cousteau, a well­known ocean explorer who once spent 31 days living in what is now the world's only functioning undersea habitat, Aquarius.It's about the size of a school bus and located 62 feet below the ocean surface off the Florida Keys. Just as astronauts test what it would be like to live in space，aquanauts try out undersea living with an eye on the future.Escaping from disasters such as climate change, wars, or pandemics is one reason to live under the sea.Others include studying, exploring, or appreciating the ocean.It's costly and expensive to constantly keep up an ocean habitat which must make its own air, electricity, and fresh water.Residents have to deal with high pressure.And infections can develop rapidly due to high humidity. Despite the challenges, several new ocean habitats and cities are under construction.A series of space station­like undersea living areas for aquanauts called Proteus are scheduled to be completed by 2025 off Curacao, an island in South America.Meanwhile, an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan would link its surface to the deep sea, using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water.This sounds amazing, but it would be extremely expensive and remains just a design. Not everyone agrees that building homes in the ocean is a good idea.This type of development could place even more pressure on ecosystems that are already struggling with pollution and climate change.It's important to make sure that any construction is done carefully, says Susanne Menden­Deuer, an oceanographer at the University of Rhode Island.Wild undersea habitats should be treated as “the precious, irreplaceable resource that they are”， she says. 4.What do we know about Aquarius? A.It is still under construction. B.It functions as an undersea school bus. C.It is the only ocean habitat in operation. D.It only allows a person to live there for 31 days. 5.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A.The present and future of living under the sea. B.The reasons and challenges of living under the sea. C.The purpose and cost of building undersea settlements. D.The problems and findings of building undersea settlements. 6.What would be the result of building homes in the ocean according to the text? A.Rapid development of undersea habitats. B.Protection of irreplaceable ocean resource. C.Negative impacts on undersea ecosystems. D.Struggles with pollution and climate change. 7.What does the underlined word “colonize” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Build up.　　　　　 B.Settle in. C.Think up. D.Take in. [二次精读] 重点 单词 humanity /hjuː'mænəti/ n.人类(总称)；人性　aquanaut /'ækwənɔːt/ n.海底观察员 humidity/hjuː'mɪdəti/ n.湿度 generate /'dʒenəreɪt/ v.产生，引起 irreplaceable /ˌɪrɪ'pleɪsəbl/ adj.不可替代的，独一无二的 重点 短语 be scheduled to be计划成为　　　place even more pressure on施加更大的压力 be treated as被视为，被当作 语块 积累 technologically speaking从技术上讲　　 　　with an eye on the future展望未来 be under construction正在建设中 长难句 分析 Meanwhile, an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan would link its surface to the deep sea, using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water. 与此同时，日本一个名为“海洋螺旋”的海底城市将其表面与深海相连，利用不同的压力来产生能量和淡水。 分析：这是一个简单句。called Ocean Spiral是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语an undersea city，using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water是现在分词短语作状语，其中，to generate energy and produce fresh water作目的状语。 [背景知识] Ocean Spiral：海洋螺旋，是日本清水(Shimizu)建设公司发表的建筑构想。 2014年11月22日报道，日本清水(Shimizu)建设公司发表了一项“海洋螺旋”海底城市的建筑构想，计划在海底建造一座直达水面的未来都市。具体内容是：“海洋螺旋”的海底城市将在海面附近到水深500米的位置建造一座球形城市，当遇到恶劣天气的时候，这个球体将会潜入水中一条15千米长的螺旋形的通道中去，这个螺旋形的通道连接着位于海底3000米至4000米处的沼气制造厂。 C (2024·湖北黄冈期中)In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”， a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings.Inspired by the movie, researchers in England created “The Right Trousers”， a set of trousers embedded with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow.Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing. In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically.Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing.In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi's and Adidas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly.Researchers said they could soon unlock an era where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabrics that can shape­shift.Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave into sheets of fabric.These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes.But challenges still remain for Do's team, notably around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential”. It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry, she said.Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward.“Recent breakthroughs point toward a not­so­distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life，” she said. 8.What inspired the researchers to come up with “The Right Trousers”？ A.A film. B.A blood issue. C.The way electrical pumps work. D.The way the elderly and disabled move. 9.What did scientists at MIT do last year? A.They put sensors in clothes. B.They created movable robotic fibers. C.They made batteries for robotic clothing. D.They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. 10.What does Do's team find challenging? A.Making robotic tubes smaller. B.Keeping robotic tubes properly shaped. C.Producing stronger robotic tubes. D.Programming the shape of robotic tubes. 11.What is Rebecca's attitude toward the future of smart clothing? A.Doubtful.　　　　　 B.Indifferent. C.Worried. D.Hopeful. [二次精读] 重点 单词 embed /ɪm'bed/ v.　 (使)嵌入 advance/əd'vaːns/ v. (使)前进；发展，进步 automatically /ˌɔːtə'mætɪkli/ adv. 无意识地；自动地 unlock /ˌʌn'lɒk/ v. 释放(潜能)，开启；揭开 notably /'nəʊtəbli/ adv. 明显地，显著地 重点 短语 partner with　　与……合作 be equipped with 装备着…… figure out 弄清楚，弄明白 语块 积累 act more like　表现得更像 take various preprogrammed shapes 以各种预先编程的形状 reach one's full potential 充分发挥某人的潜力 长难句 分析 Inspired by the movie, researchers in England created “The Right Trousers”， a set of trousers embedded with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. 受这部电影的启发，英国的研究人员创造了“The Right Trousers”，这是一套嵌入电动泵的裤子，可以迫使空气进入微小的管道，这些管道会膨胀，可以帮助老年人或残疾人解决起床或改善血流量等问题。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。Inspired by the movie是过去分词短语作状语，embedded with electrical pumps是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰trousers，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词tiny tubes。 Ⅱ.完形填空 “Ladies and gentlemen, the time train has arrived at the terminal！” It felt like I had woken up from a dream，__1__ soon discovered I had come to 2035.Suddenly, I heard a strange voice calling my name.I turned around, only to find a robot __2__ to me enthusiastically.“I'll show you around the city in 2035！” I nodded immediately, __3__ what the city would be like. Once I walked out of the train station, many crossed air lanes came into view.The robot, seeing how__4__ I was, explained the new traffic system to me.The system was put into place by many famous engineers using highly __5__ technology.In fact, it eliminated (消除) the issue of traffic jams entirely. Next we made our way to a restaurant nearby.Just as I__6__ that there was no menu, a waiter began to scan my body with a special __7__， which gave me a big fright, so I __8__ out of my seat immediately.The robot explained it was just a machine that was able to figure out what our body needed and chose the recipe that __9__ us most.The waiter then introduced me to the electronic screen that allowed me to choose the environment according to my __10__.I pressed the “beach” button on the screen and __11__ I felt a sea breeze.I couldn't help but __12__ at how rapidly technology had advanced. We__13__ returned to the train station.Just as I __14__ the train, I heard a familiar voice calling my name.I opened my eyes to see my mom standing over me.What a __15__ dream! 1.A.while　　　 B.so　　 　　　 C.if　　　 　　 D.but 2.A.singing B.waving C.screaming D.flying 3.A.getting B.knowing C.wondering D.wandering 4.A.astonished B.scared C.bored D.moved 5.A.standard B.useless C.unusual D.advanced 6.A.told B.realized C.heard D.reminded 7.A.instrument B.button C.engine D.accelerator 8.A.took B.left C.jumped D.danced 9.A.attracted B.suited C.provided D.offered 10.A.temperature B.taste C.gene D.place 11.A.suddenly B.sadly C.absolutely D.casually 12.A.aim B.guess C.sigh D.stare 13.A.immediately B.hardly C.occasionally D.eventually 14.A.put off B.brought in C.got on D.looked into 15.A.terrible B.practical C.awful D.fantastic 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练二] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了二十年后的世界到底是什么样子，作者对未来的各个方面做了大胆的预测。 1.D　推理判断题。根据小标题The future of food下前两句“下一个重大的食物变化将是垂直农业，我们在人工智能控制的垂直建筑而不是水平土地上种植食物。”可知，届时垂直农业将会提供一部分食物。故选D。 2.A　细节理解题。根据小标题The future of work下第三句“显然，还会创造出新的工作岗位：计算机工程师、修理自动驾驶出租车的机械师、程序员、太空导游和垂直农民。”可知，由于科学技术的发展，将来会有大量的新工种应运而生。故选A。 3.C　细节理解题。根据小标题The future of health下的“医院是卫生系统中最昂贵的部分，随着我们对健康信息的控制权越来越大，预防将成为关注的中心”。可知，预防将成为人们关注的焦点。故选C。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍未来海底城市的展望以及建立海底城市存在的问题。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句后半部分可知，Fabien Cousteau曾在唯一一个正常运作的海底栖息地——Aquarius内生活了31天，由此可知，Aquarius是现在唯一一个正常运作的海底栖息地。故选C。 5.B　段落大意题。根据第三段第二、三、四句“逃避气候变化、战争或流行病等灾难是人们生活在海底的原因之一。其他包括学习、探索或欣赏海洋。持续维持海洋栖息地是昂贵的，它必须自己泵入或制造空气、电力和淡水。居民们必须应对高压。”可知，人们之所以生活在海底是为了逃避气候变化、战争或流行病等灾难，而且维持海洋栖息地是非常昂贵的，由此可知，第三段讲述了人们生活在海底的原因以及所面临的挑战。故选B。 6.C　细节理解题。 根据最后一段前两句可知，并非所有人都赞成在海洋里建房子，因为在海底建房子会使得与污染和气候变化作斗争的生态系统带来更大的压力，由此可知，在海底建房子会对海底的生态系统造成负面的影响。故选 C 。 7.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句子后半部分“一位著名的海洋探险家，曾经在现在世界上唯一正常运作的海底栖息地——Aquarius内生活了31天。”可知，在海底定居生活是绝对有可能的，结合画线词所在句“it is absolutely possible to colonize the bottom of the sea”(在海底colonize是完全有可能的)可知，colonize表示“定居”。故选B。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍智能服装或将入驻我们的未来衣橱。 8.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“受这部电影的启发，英国的研究人员创造了‘The Right Trousers’，这是一套嵌入电动泵的裤子，可以迫使空气进入微小的管道，这些管道会膨胀，可以帮助老年人或残疾人解决起床或改善血流量等问题。”可知，研究人员受到一部电影的启发，发明了名为“The Right Trousers”的智能裤子。 故选A。 9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，去年，麻省理工学院的科学家们发明了纤维电池，为智能衣物供能。 故选C。 10.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“但Do的团队仍然面临挑战，尤其是在将这些机器人管制作得更小，以便它们能够轻松地与其他织物编织方面。”可知，目前Thanh Nho Do和他的团队遇到的挑战是如何让这些机械软管变得更小、更适合纺织。 故选A。 11.D　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句“她说，尽管如此，研究人员还是会找到前进的道路。‘最近的突破预示着不久的将来，智能服装将成为我们日常生活的一部分。’”可知，Rebecca Kramer­Bottiglio对智能衣物的未来充满希望。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者乘坐时光机参观2035年交通和饮食的梦境。 1.D　考查连词词义辨析。句意：我感觉就像从梦中醒来，但是很快就发现自己已经到了2035年。A.while虽然，尽管；B.so所以；C.if如果；D.but但是。结合语境可知，“从梦中醒来”和“发现自己在2035年”之间是转折的关系，因此此处应用表示转折的连词but。故选D。 2.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身，却发现有个机器人在热情地向我招手。A.singing唱歌；B.waving挥手；C.screaming尖叫；D.flying飞翔。结合语境，机器人第一次见到作者时，应该会挥手打招呼。故选B。 3.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻点了点头，想知道现在的城市究竟是什么样子。A.getting获得；B.knowing 知道；C.wondering想知道；D.wandering徘徊。结合语境，作者第一次来到2035年的城市，并不熟悉2035年的城市，因此想要知道现在的城市究竟什么样。故选C。 4.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机器人看到我如此惊讶，就向我解释了新的交通系统。A.astonished吃惊的；B.scared害怕的；C.bored无聊的；D.moved感动的。由上文“Once I walked out of the train station, many crossed air lanes came into view.”提到作者一走出火车站就看到了横贯的航空线可知，作者看到2035年高度发展的交通系统应该会感到非常吃惊。故选A。 5.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个系统是由许多著名的工程师采用高度先进的技术建造的。A.standard标准的；B.useless无用的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.advanced 先进的。结合语境，上文提到作者看到2035年的交通系统时十分惊讶，同时下文“In fact, it eliminated (消除) the issue of traffic jams entirely.”提到这个系统完全解决了交通堵塞这一问题，由此可知这个交通系统应用了高度先进的技术。故选D。 6.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体，我吓了一大跳，立刻从座位上蹦起来。A.told告诉；B.realized 意识到，发现；C.heard听说；D.reminded提醒。结合语境，此处是指作者进入餐厅之后意识到餐厅内没有菜单。故选B。 7.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体，我吓了一大跳，立刻从座位上蹦起来。A.instrument仪器，工具；B.button按钮；C.engine引擎；D.accelerator加速器。下文“The robot explained it was just a machine that was able to figure out what our body needed and chose the recipe that__9__us most.”提到机器人向作者解释那只是个机器，由此判断，服务员应该是拿着机器扫描了作者的身体。故选A。 8.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体，我吓了一大跳，立刻从座位上蹦起来。A.took拿；取；B.left离开；C.jumped跳；D.danced跳舞。上文 “which gave me a big fright”提到作者被服务员拿着机器扫描身体这件事吓着了，所以作者应该是吓得从座位上蹦起来。故选C。 9.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：机器人向我解释道，这个机器可以判定我们身体所需，并且向我们提供最适合我们的菜单。A.attracted吸引；B.suited适合；C.provided提供；D.offered提供。结合语境，由“a machine that was able to figure out what our body needed”可知这种机器可以扫描出人体所需的营养，因此可以向人们提供最适合他们的食谱。故选B。 10.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员接着向我介绍，这块电子显示屏可以让我根据自己的口味选择就餐环境。A.temperature体温；B.taste品味；C.gene基因；D.place地方。作者选择了“海滩”作为自己的就餐环境，说明这是作者自己的喜好，由此判断可以根据自己的品味选择就餐环境。故选B。 11.A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我按下屏幕上的“海滩”按钮，突然就感受到了海风的轻抚。A.suddenly突然地；B.sadly悲伤地；C.absolutely绝对地；D.casually随意地。由“I felt a sea breeze”可知，作者按下按钮后感受到了环境的变化，这对原本还坐在餐厅的作者来讲非常突然。故选A。 12.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁感叹科技发展得如此之快。A.aim目的；B.guess猜测；C.sigh感叹；D.stare凝视。结合语境，作者来到2035年后先看到了发达的交通系统，接着又看到了能够更改就餐环境的餐厅，这对于作者而言非常震惊，因此作者不由得发出感叹。故选C。 13.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们回到了火车站。A.immediately立即；B.hardly几乎不；C.occasionally偶尔；D.eventually最后。下文“Just as I__14__the train”提到作者正要上车，由此判断作者在2035年的参观之旅已经结束了，所以最后是要坐上火车离开了。故选D。 14.C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我刚上火车，就听到了一个熟悉的声音在叫我的名字。A.put off推迟；B.brought in引进；C.got on上车；D.looked into调查。结合语境，作者来到火车站是准备坐车的。故选C。 15.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么奇妙的一个梦呀！A.terrible可怕的；B.practical实际的；C.awful可怕的；D.fantastic奇妙的。结合语境，作者乘坐时光机去2035年参观了先进的交通系统和能够改变用餐环境的餐厅等，这对于作者而言是一个非常奇妙的体验。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$