UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练一（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES [读与练·阅读限时训练一] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为人类可以享受更好生活作出杰出贡献的四位伟大人物。 1.B　细节理解题。根据Maximilian Bircher­Benner部分中的“Although he was questioned by the scientific establishment, his healthy eating ideas took off and helped create a diet of processed bread, meat and carbs (碳水化合物).The healthy eating trends he established have continued to grow in popularity with more scientific research showing the health benefits of such a diet.(尽管他受到了科学界的质疑，但他的健康饮食理念得到了普及，并帮助创造了一种由加工面包、肉类和碳水化合物组成的饮食。随着越来越多的科学研究表明这种饮食对健康的好处，他所建立的健康饮食趋势继续受到欢迎。)”可知，Bircher­Benner的贡献在于他树立了健康饮食的风尚。故选B。 2.D　细节理解题。根据Peter Mansfield部分中的“English physicist who with Peter Lauterbur helped to develop magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)which gets doctors to see inside a patient's body without needing to cut it open.[英国物理学家Peter Mansfield与彼得·劳特伯帮助开发了磁共振成像(MRI)，使医生无需切开就能看到病人体内的情况。]”可知，Peter Mansfield与彼得·劳特伯帮助开发了磁共振成像(MRI)，使医生无需切开就能看到病人体内的情况。故选D。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Throughout human history, there is a bottomless well of people who made great contributions so that we can now enjoy a better life.The following are, just four of those great minds.(在整个人类历史上，有无数的人作出了巨大的贡献，所以我们现在可以享受更好的生活。以下是其中的四位伟人。)”可知，文章介绍的是为人类可以享受更好生活作出杰出贡献的四位伟大人物，故这四个人物的共通之处在于他们为了人类可以享受更好的生活作出了杰出贡献。故选D。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Julie的祖父给她了一个储蓄罐，帮助她存钱买自行车，但是有爱心的Julie最后因为想给灾区捐款而打破了储蓄罐。 4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段“Julie had always wanted a bicycle, but her grandfather wanted her to save up for it herself.So he bought Julie a piggy bank.(Julie一直想要一辆自行车，但她的祖父要她自己攒钱买。所以他给Julie 买了一个储蓄罐。)”可知Julie的爷爷给她买了一个储蓄罐是为了帮她攒钱买辆自行车。故选D。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第四段“Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, Julie grabbed (紧抓) the piggy bank and threw it to the ground.Suddenly, the coins rolled all over the floor.‘Yes, those children need help and need the money more, ’Julie said to herself.(想到孩子们在地震中寻求帮助的眼神，Julie抓起存钱罐扔在地上。突然，硬币滚得满地都是。‘是的，那些孩子需要帮助，更需要钱，’ Julie自言自语道。)”可知是可怕的地震让Julie打破了她的储蓄罐，故选B。 6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段“Julie thought she wouldn't break the piggy bank for anything.(Julie认为她无论如何也不会打碎她的储蓄罐。)”所以后来Julie突然打破储蓄罐，祖父肯定是很吃惊，知道原因后，又为她感到自豪。由此可推知“astounded”意为“吃惊”，和surprised同义，故选A。 7.B　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第四段“Julie knew she should do something.She went to her piggy bank and was about to break it and take out the money when her mind came back to the bike, and she hesitated.Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, Julie grabbed (紧抓) the piggy bank and threw it to the ground.Suddenly, the coins rolled all over the floor.‘Yes, those children need help and need the money more, ’ Julie said to herself.(Julie知道她应该做点什么。她走到她的储蓄罐前，正要打碎它拿出钱来，这时她的思绪又回到了自行车上，她犹豫了一下。想到孩子们在地震中寻求帮助的眼神，Julie抓起存钱罐扔在地上。突然，硬币滚得满地都是。‘是的，那些孩子需要帮助，更需要钱，’Julie自言自语道。” )可知，Julie把自己存的买自行车的钱慷慨地捐给灾区需要帮助的人，是一个富有同情心的人。故选B。 C 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在捷克共和国的一次周末旅行中遭遇的意外情况及由此感受到的人间善意。 8.B　细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight.(下车前，我查看了一下返回布拉格的时刻表；我只计划一日游，不打算过夜。)”可知，作者原本计划进行一次为期一天的乡村观光旅行。故选B。 9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段“After a delightful day of sightseeing, I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6：15 bus back to Prague.However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus.Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5：15.This caused a serious problem for me.(愉快地游览了一天之后，我去汽车站赶6点15分的车回布拉格。然而，一到车站，我发现没有人排队等公共汽车。尽管有语言障碍，我还是从手势和表情中推断出，当天最后一班公交车已经在5点15分离开了。这给我带来了一个严重的问题。)”可知，作者遇到了错过末班返程巴士的问题。故选C。 10.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room.Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free.(令我大为惊讶的是，经理说欢迎我留下来，而且她会接受我口袋里的钱作为房间的全额付款。此外，她还给我提供了一顿免费的美餐。)”可知，酒店经理慷慨且考虑周到。故选C。 11.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界).(她提醒我，善良是一种国际特征，没有国界。)”可知，我们能从作者的经历中学到的是：善良超越了文化界限。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。讲述了在乘坐大巴的路上，由于挤满了人，作者只好站着，后来由于有人主动给作者让座，带动大家互相让座，让站着的人都有机会坐一会儿，整个旅途都变得轻松愉快。 1.D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：舒适地坐在窗边的乘客们看着外面的世界，脸上带着快乐的表情。A.responded to回应；B.reflected on反思；C.escaped from从……逃跑；D.looked at看。根据“The passengers seated comfortably by the windows”可知，坐在窗边的乘客看着外面的世界。故选D。 2.B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：靠过道坐的人咒骂那些偶尔靠在座位角上站着的人。A.safely安全地；B.occasionally偶尔地；C.rarely罕见地；D.cheerfully愉快地。根据“The people seated by the aisle (过道) cursed (咒骂) the standing ones”可知，站着的乘客偶尔靠在靠过道坐的人的椅子上。故选B。 3.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大约两个漫长的小时后，我太累了，我不停地把身体的重心从一条腿移到另一条腿上，以缓解不适。A.exhausted筋疲力尽的；B.curious好奇的；C.scared害怕的；D.nervous紧张的。根据“After around two very long hours”可知，经过长时间的站立，作者感到很疲惫。故选A。 4.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.safety安全；B.discomfort不舒适；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.weight重量。根据“that I kept shifting my body weight from one leg to the other”可知，作者通过转移身体重心来缓解不适。故选B。 5.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：转过身来，我发现一个中年男人带着亲切的微笑抬头看着我。A.forward向前；B.down向下；C.up向上；D.backward向后。根据“He suddenly stood up and said I could take his seat for some time.”可知，作者是站着的，因此这个中年男人是抬头看着作者。look up为固定搭配，意为“向上看”。故选C。 6.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我又惊又喜，立即接受了他的提议。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.passively被动地；C.immediately立刻；D.typically典型地。根据“I was pleasantly surprised”可知，面对陌生人的善意，作者感到惊喜，立刻接受了提议。故选C。 7.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约20分钟后，我示意他收回自己的空间。A.expected期待；B.begged恳求；C.advised建议；D.signaled示意，标志。根据“to take back his space.”可知，作者坐了20分钟，让那个让座的人再坐一会儿，示意他收回他的座位。故选D。 8.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在公共汽车另一边靠窗的一个人观察到了我们的交谈。A.observed观察，看到；B.desired渴望；C.indicated表明；D.discovered发现。根据“A man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus”可知，公交车上的另一个有座位的人观察到了作者和中年男人的交谈。下文中的“observer”也是提示。故选A。 9.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，神奇的事情发生了。A.amusing引人发笑的；B.magical有魔力的，神奇的；C.natural自然的；D.fatal致命的。根据后文“Our observer voluntarily stood up and offered his seat to another standing man.Out of the expectation, this __10__ of seat­sharing spread through the bus like wildfire and, before long, almost all the __11__ got a chance to be seated.”可知，在中年男人和作者的带动下，坐着的那些人都主动让座，让站着的人坐一会儿，这是没有预料到的，所以说很神奇。故选B。 10.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，这个分享座位的游戏像野火一样传遍了巴士，没过多久，几乎所有的站着的人都有机会坐上了座位。A.game游戏；B.trick技巧，诀窍；C.plot情节；D.campaign运动。根据“of seat­sharing spread through the bus like wildfire”可知，作者觉得这个分享座位的游戏像野火一样传遍了巴士。故选A。 11.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.passengers乘客；B.observers观察者；C.standees站立看客；D.people人们。根据“got a chance to be seated”可知，此处指站着的人。故选C。 12.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们甚至开始在交换位置时互相聊天，很快就开始分享笑话和唱歌。A.still仍然；B.surely确定地；C.even甚至；D.already已经。根据上文“almost all the __11__ got a chance to be seated.”可知，几乎所有站着的人都有机会坐上了座位，因此人们在交换位置的同时还能聊天，分享笑话和唱歌，与让座位比起来是递进关系。故选C。 13.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，接下来的旅程相当愉快。A.enjoyable令人愉快的；B.respectable值得尊敬的；C.acceptable可接受的；D.flexible灵活的。根据“People __12__ started chatting with each other while exchanging positions, and soon began sharing jokes and singing.”可知，接下来的旅程是令人愉快的。故选A。 14.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：它向我揭示了一个重要的事实——我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的负担，并在这段叫作生活的旅程中帮助我们的同伴。A.idea主意；B.fact事实；C.relief安慰；D.opinion观点。根据“that we can all share what we have, __15__ our pressure (压力), and help our co­passengers in this journey called life.”可知，“我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的负担，并在这段叫作生活的旅程中帮助我们的同伴。”这是作者意识到的事实。故选B。 15.D　考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A.besides除了；B.with带有；C.without没有；D.including包括。根据“we can all share what we have”可知，分享的东西也可以包括我们的压力。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·安徽芜湖期中)Throughout human history, there is a bottomless well of people who made great contributions so that we can now enjoy a better life.The following are, just four of those great minds. Joseph Lister(1827—1912) English surgeon(外科医生)Lister pioneered the use of antiseptic(防腐的)and antiseptic surgery which greatly improved survival rates from major surgery.For this, he is often referred to as the father of modern surgery as his use of antiseptic greatly increased the kinds of operations that could be carried out. Maximilian Bircher­Benner(1867—1939) Bircher­Benner was a pioneering Swiss physician and nutritionist.He advocated the eating of raw fruit and vegetables and discouraged eating meat and heavily processed foods.Although he was questioned by the scientific establishment, his healthy eating ideas took off and helped create a diet of processed bread, meat and carbs (碳水化合物).The healthy eating trends he established have continued to grow in popularity with more scientific research showing the health benefits of such a diet. Paracelsus(1493—1541) Swiss­German physician and leading health reformer.Paracelsus founded the discipline of toxicology(毒理学)and pioneered the use of chemicals in treating patients.He emphasized practical experience.He was also one of the first doctors to note illness can be psychological in nature. Peter Mansfield(1933—2017) English physicist who with Peter Lauterbur helped to develop magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)which gets doctors to see inside a patient's body without needing to cut it open.With MRI, doctors can see far more than with x­ray, which is limited to bones.He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2003. 1.What is Maximilian Bircher­Benner's contribution? A.He discovered x­ray. B.He set up a healthy eating trend. C.He improved survival rates of operation. D.He did experiments with chemicals to treat diseases. 2.Who invented MRI to give doctors more information of a patient's body? A.Joseph Lister. B.Maximilian Bircher­Benner. C.Paracelsus. D.Peter Mansfield. 3.What do the four people have in common? A.They all received Nobel Prize. B.They were all born in Switzerland. C.They all made contributions to treating patients. D.They all helped to make people live a better life. [二次精读] 重点单词 surgery['sɜːdʒəri] n.　外科学，外科手术 physician[fɪ'zɪʃən] n. 医生，内科医生 nutritionist[nju'trɪʃənɪst] n. 营养学家 advocate['ædvəkeɪt] vt. 拥护； 主张； 鼓吹 n. 拥护者，支持者 trend[trend] n. 趋势，倾向； 规范，风尚 reformer[rɪ'fɔ：mə(r)] n. 改革者； 改良者 discipline['dɪsɪplɪn] n. 训练； 纪律； 自制力 emphasize['emfəsaɪz] v. 强调； 重视； 使突出 重点短语 carry out　　执行； 进行； 完成 refer to as 被称为，被认为 语块积累 made great contributions　作出巨大贡献 survival rates 存活率 the Nobel Prize in Medicine 诺贝尔医学奖 长难句分析 With MRI, doctors can see far more than with x­ray, which is limited to bones. 使用 MRI(磁共振)，医生可以看到的远比 X 射线多得多，X 射线仅限于骨骼。 分析：本句是一个主从复合句，with MRI为介词短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰X­ray。 B (2024·广西北海期末)Julie had always wanted a bicycle, but her grandfather wanted her to save up for it herself.So he bought Julie a piggy bank.It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out.The only way to get the money was to break the piggy bank open.Her grandfather explained that was the whole idea: the piggy bank would help save her money so that, at the end of the year, she might have enough for that bike she dreamt about. For some time, this worked fine.Julie loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins.As it became heavier, she grew more excited, dreaming about buying her new bike, and all the adventures she could have on it. Julie thought she wouldn't break the piggy bank for anything.But one day something unexpected happened.Julie saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province.As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless.Seeing their shabby (破旧的) clothes and crying faces, Julie was sleepless that night. Julie knew she should do something.She went to her piggy bank and was about to break it and take out the money when her mind came back to the bike, and she hesitated.Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, Julie grabbed (紧抓) the piggy bank and threw it to the ground.Suddenly, the coins rolled all over the floor.“Yes, those children need help and need the money more, ”Julie said to herself. Julie's grandfather was astounded by her behaviour.When he realized what had happened, he touched her head and said, “Good girl, you did the right thing.Grandpa is proud of you.” 4.Why did Julie's grandfather buy her a piggy bank? A.To cheer her up. B.To develop her maths ability. C.To collect different kinds of coins. D.To help her save the money for a bike. 5.What made Julie break her piggy bank? A.A television programme. B.A terrible earthquake. C.The destroyed houses in her city. D.Homeless animals on the street. 6.What does the underlined word “astounded” in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Surprised.　　　　　 B.Challenged. C.Confused. D.Pleased. 7.Which of the following can best describe Julie? A.Honest. B.Caring C.Brave. D.Knowledgeable. [二次精读] 重点单词 unexpected[ˌʌnɪk'spektɪd] adj.　出乎意料的 hesitate['hezɪˌteɪt] v. 犹豫； 顾虑 重点短语 dream about　　　梦见； 梦到； 梦想； 向往 be proud of 因……而骄傲、自豪 语块积累 a piggy bank　　　　　存钱罐 in a nearby province 在附近省份 长难句分析 The only way to get the money was to break the piggy bank open. 拿到钱的唯一方法就是把存钱罐打破。 分析：本句是一个简单句，句中第一个不定式作way的定语；第二个不定式作表语。 C (2024·安徽蚌埠期末)When I lived in Prague in the Czech Republic, I often took weekend trips to explore the countryside of neighboring cities.One particular weekend, I took a three­hour bus ride to visit a nearby city.Before I got off the bus, I checked the schedule for the time to return to Prague; I was only planning a day trip and did not intend to stay overnight. After a delightful day of sightseeing，I made my way to the bus station to catch the 6: 15 bus back to Prague.However, upon reaching the station, I discovered there was no queue for the bus.Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5: 15.This caused a serious problem for me. About a month earlier, I had fallen victim to a pickpocketing (扒窃) incident, losing around 8 100.To prevent a similar occurrence, I only caried enough cash to cover my daily expenses.With only 9 crowns left in my pocket, I thought if no hotel charged less than 9 crowns, spending the night on a park bench would be my only choice—an uncomfortable idea for a man in his late 60s. After careful consideration, I went into a hotel to try my luck.Naturally, I assumed it would cost more than 9 crowns.I approached the manager, shared my story with her, and made a request.I proposed that if I could spend the night there, I would give her 9 crowns as payment and mail the remaining amount to her the next day.To my great surprise, the manager said I was welcome to stay, and that she would accept what I had in my pocket as the full payment for a room.Additionally, she offered me a nice meal for free. Eventually, I spent the night in a clean and tastefully decorated room, not on a cold, hard park bench.Upon my return to Prague, I wrote the manager a note of thanks for her kindness.She reminded me that kindness is an international characteristic, and has no boundaries (边界) . 8.What was the author's original plan for his weekend trip? A.Exploring rural transportation tools. B.Going one­day countryside sightseeing. C.Practicing speaking the Czech language. D.Enjoying local food and accommodation. 9.What problem did the author meet with during his trip? A.Having his money stolen. B.Failing to find a good hotel. C.Missing the last return bus. D.Finding it difficult to communicate. 10.What might the author think of the manager of the hotel? A.Open­minded and sociable. B.Optimistic and confident. C.Generous and considerate. D.Hard­working and responsible. 11.What lesson can we possibly learn from the author's experience? A.Who laughs last laughs best. B.What goes around comes around. C.Emergencies come in all forms and times. D.Kindness goes beyond cultural boundaries. [二次精读] 重点单词 approach[ə'prəʊtʃ] v.接近，临近 n. 方法，方式； 接近，来临 gesture['dʒestʃə(r)] n. 手势； 姿态 v. 打手势 request[rɪ'kwest] n. 要求，请求 v. 请求，要求 characteristic[ˌkærəktə'rɪstɪk] n. 特色； 特点； 品质 重点短语 make one's way to　　向……走去 for free 免费 get off 下车 语块积累 neighboring cities　邻近城市 a three­hour bus ride 乘坐巴士三小时的路程 the language barrier 语言障碍 a nearby city 附近的城市 in his late 60s 他六十多岁时 长难句分析 Despite the language barrier, I managed to gather from gestures and expressions that the last bus of the day had already left at 5：15. 尽管有语言障碍，但我还是设法从手势和表情中推断出当天最后一班公共汽车已经在5：15离开了。 分析：这是一个主从复合句，句中despite the language barrier为让步状语，that引导同位语从句，作gestures and expressions的同位语。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·吉林期末)I was travelling on an overnight bus.The bus—an ordinary, non­air­conditioned one—was more than packed.The passengers seated comfortably by the windows wore happy expressions as they __1__ outside world.The people seated by the aisle (过道) cursed (诅咒) the standing ones, who __2__ leaned on the seat corners. After around two very long hours, I was so__3__ that I kept shifting my body weight from one leg to the other to manage the __4__.I suddenly sensed soft hand tapping my arm, asking for attention.Turning around, I found middle­aged man with a kind smile looking __5__ at me.He suddenly stood up and said I could take his seat for some time.I was pleasantly surprised and __6__ accepted his offer.After about 20 minutes, I __7__ him to take back his space.A man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus, had __8__ our exchange. Just then, something__9__ happened.Our observer voluntarily stood up and offered his seat to another standing man.Out of expectation, this __10__ of seat­sharing spread through the bus like wildfire and, before long, almost all the __11__ got a chance to be seated.People __12__ started chatting with each other while exchanging positions, and soon began sharing jokes and singing.Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite __13__. This extraordinary experience has stayed with me even after all these years.It showed to me an important__14__ that we can all share what we have, __15__ our pressure, and help our co­passengers in this journey called life. 1.A.responded to B.reflected on C.escaped from　 D.looked at 2.A.safely B.occasionally C.rarely D.cheerfully 3.A.exhausted B.curious C.scared D.nervous 4.A.safety B.discomfort C.embarrassment D.weight 5.A.forward B.down C.up D.backward 6.A.unwillingly B.passively C.immediately D.typically 7.A.expected B.begged C.advised D.signaled 8.A.observed B.desired C.indicated D.discovered 9.A.amusing B.magical C.natural D.fatal 10.A.game B.trick C.plot D.campaign 11.A.passengers B.observers C.standees D.people 12.A.still B.surely C.even D.already 13.A.enjoyable B.respectable C.acceptable D.flexible 14.A.idea B.fact C.relief D.opinion 15.A.besides B.with C.without D.including 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$