UNIT4 读与练·阅读限时训练三（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023—2024学年北京高一校考期中)International travel is popular, but visitors can run into trouble if they don't know some basic “rules”. So, it's important to learn about the cultures they're visiting. BRAZIL In general, Brazilian culture is informal. Most Brazilians are very friendly, so it's important to greet the people you meet. Normally women kiss on the　cheek, but men usually just shake hands. Brazilians usually stand very close to each other while speaking. Even if this is unusual in your culture, try not to move away if it happens. If you go to a business meeting, you are not expected to take a gift. On the other hand, if you are invited to someone's house, you should take a gift—like flowers or chocolate. However, avoid anything purple or black, as these colors have to do with death. If you are invited to dinner, arrive at least 30 minutes late, but always dress well, because a person's appearance can be very important to Brazilians. SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia is a very traditional country. It is important to greet the oldest or the most senior person first. People shake hands in business situations, but men and women do not touch in public. In a business meeting, do not start with business matters at once. Instead, lead in the conversation by asking about people's family or health. Arrive on time for business meetings, but don't be surprised if others are late. Being on time is less important in Saudi Arabia than it is in most western countries. Business dress is formal. Gifts are not expected at business meetings. If you are invited to a Saudi home, acceptable gifts are chocolate or coffee. Be careful not to admire the things the host owns, because he or she will feel necessary to give an item to you as a gift. 1.The underlined word “this ” in paragraph 2 refers to ________. A.kissing on the cheek when greeting B.dressing formally when invited C.preparing gifts at business meetings D.standing very close when talking 2.Which of the following are mentioned in both countries in the passage? ①lead­in topics　②greetings　③arriving time　④giving gifts　⑤dresses A.①②③④　　　　　　 B.①②④⑤ C.①③④⑤ D.②③④⑤ 3.Why does the writer write this passage? A.To ask more people to travel to different countries. B.To introduce some basic rules in different cultures. C.To teach tourists how to understand English culture. D.To show different opinions about different cultures. [二次精读] 重点单词 basic ['beɪsɪk] adj.基础的，根本的 informal [ɪn'fɔːm(ə)l] adj.非正式的； 不拘礼节的； 随意的 purple ['pɜːp(ə)l] adj.紫色的 n.紫色 greet [ɡriːt] v.同……打招呼； 对……作出反应 重点短语 learn about获得，学得； 得知有关……的消息　　　in general普遍地 stand very close to站得很近 start with以……开始 on time按时，准时 语块积累 international travel国际旅行　　　　　　run into trouble陷入困境之中 in public公开地，当众； 大庭广众 in a business meeting在商务会议上 in most western countries在大多数西方国家 长难句分析 If you are invited to dinner, arrive at least 30 minutes late, but always dress well, because a person's appearance can be very important to Brazilians. 如果你被邀请参加晚宴，请至少迟到 30 分钟，但一定要穿着得体，因为一个人的外表对巴西人来说非常重要。 分析：这是一个主从复合句，if引导条件状语从句；because引导原因状语从句。 B (2023—2024学年安徽芜湖高一校考阶段练习)What did people do for fun before smartphones and computers were invented? After conducting research, I learned that Cantonese opera (粤剧) was the top form of entertainment in China for centuries. With singing and spoken lines delivered in the Cantonese dialect, Cantonese opera is one of several operatic types born in Guangdong province. To learn more about the art form, I spoke with Lui Hung­kwong, program director of the Cantonese Opera Academy of Hong Kong. He's also a well­known performer. Here is something from our conversation. From the 19th century through the early 20th century, opera troupes (剧团) would perform along the Pearl River Delta in southern China. They lived on boats that were painted red and transported them to various temple festivals during the performance season. A troupe typically stayed in a city for a few days, performing different plays each day. By the 1930s, the major performing places for Cantonese opera had moved to big cities, and more convenient forms of transportation began to be used. As a result, the red boats began to disappear. In each opera production, the story is told through the “four basic skills” of singing, acting, delivery of spoken lines and martial arts. These are improved by stage makeup, costumes, props and the beats on gongs and drums. The performance is a mix of literature, drama, ballad singing, dance and martial arts. Cantonese opera is supposed to mirror real life. Older generations read the old stories, and listened to them on the radio. It was like pop culture to them. But our lives today differ greatly from the stories told in the opera. So Cantonese opera begins to tell some themes that will interest kids today. For example, a fairy fails an exam and is forced to come to the earth, where she must learn from human children. 4.Why does the author raise a question in the first paragraph? A.To make people think. B.To attract readers' attention. C.To lead into the topic of the text. D.To do research on people's entertainment. 5.What is the whole text based on? A.The research done by the author. B.The author's interview with an expert. C.The author's personal life experiences. D.The author's rich knowledge of the opera. 6.What do we know about Cantonese opera from paragraph 3? A.Its development.　　　　 B.Its character. C.Its importance. D.Its popularity. 7.What is Cantonese opera trying to do currently? A.Improve its quality. B.Mix with pop culture. C.Attract new generations. D.Reflect old people's life. [二次精读] 重点单词 smartphone ['smɑːrtfoʊn]n.智能手机　entertainment [ˌentə'teɪnmənt] n.娱乐节目/活动； 招待 dialect ['daɪəlekt] n.方言，土话 martial ['mɑːʃ(ə)l] adj.军事的； 战争的； 尚武的 makeup ['meɪkʌp] n.化妆； 补充； 构造 重点短语 as a result所以；结果(是) be supposed to应该，被期望 on the radio在广播上 语块积累 Cantonese opera粤剧 the art form艺术形式 the Pearl River Delta珠江三角洲 a mix of literature, drama, ballad singing, dance and martial arts综合了文学、戏剧、民谣、舞蹈和武术 pop culture通俗文化 长难句分析 With singing and spoken lines delivered in the Cantonese dialect, Cantonese opera is one of several operatic types born in Guangdong province. 粤剧以粤语方言演唱和口语台词，是广东省诞生的几种歌剧类型之一。 分析：这是一个简单句，With singing and spoken lines delivered in the Cantonese dialect为with复合结构，在句中作方式状语。 [背景知识] 粤剧——一种主要流行于广东、广西、香港、澳门等使用粤方言的地区的戏曲形式。它起源于明末清初，当时弋阳腔、昆腔、高腔及广东民间乐曲相互融合，形成了粤剧。粤剧原有末、生、旦、净、丑、外、小、夫、贴、杂十大行当，后分为文武生、小生、正印花旦、二帮花旦、丑生、武生六类。其表演带有质朴粗犷的特色，服装精美，妆容浓艳。伴奏乐器由二弦、月琴、三弦、竹提琴、箫“五架头”组成，在1912年前后开始改用广东方言，并组建完善了表演体系。 粤剧也在当代文化活动中占有一席之地。例如，2024年7月2日在广州海事博物馆开幕的“一路生光彩——黄埔代表性非遗展”中，就有扒龙舟、看粤剧、唱山歌、搓药丸等活动，展示了粤剧作为非物质文化遗产的魅力。 C (2023—2024学年福建期末)A group of Chinese language students from Spain visited Malta for three days. They had a chance to enjoy themselves in the amazing Chinese cultural experiences there. At the Confucius Institute of the University of Malta on Saturday, the students from the Official School of Languages were attracted by traditional Chinese flute (长笛) performances, and Chinese tea making. Each of them was photographed trying on Hanfu, a form of traditional Chinese clothing. Despite their age differences, they all proved their dexterity (灵巧) at traditional Chinese works such as paper­cutting and knot­weaving. Maria Nieves, a group member, expressed her strong interest in Chinese culture, after two years of learning the language. “Despite the challenges, Chinese characters are truly beautiful，” she says. On Sunday, the group visited the Mediterranean Regional Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Paola, Malta. Under the guidance of a doctor, they practiced Ba Duan Jin, a set of exercises whose name translates as “eight steps to healthy living”. A lecture on TCM introduced them to treatments like acupuncture (针灸) and cupping, and some of the students had the chance to personally experience a treatment. Feng Hua, leader of the Chinese medical team, says that the TCM center is planning to host more students, who are interested in TCM and Chinese culture to take part in cultural exchange, and learn more about Chinese medical practice. During their visit to the China Cultural Center in Valletta on Monday, the students were drawn to the traditional Chinese lanterns hanging in front of the entrance, and also to the beautiful tea sets in the main hall. Yuan Yuan, director of the China Cultural Center in Malta, highlights the importance of cultural exchange in promoting friendship between nations. 8.What is the first destination of the students' study visits? A.University of Malta. B.Official School of Languages. C.Mediterranean Regional Center. D.China Cultural Center. 9.How long had Maria Nieves been studying Chinese? A.Six months.　　　　 B.One year. C.Two years. D.Three years. 10.How many activities were experienced by the students in Paola, Malta? A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. 11.What could be the best title for the passage? A.Wisdom of Chinese People B.An Amazing Language Learning Tour C.The Importance of Cultural Exchange D.Spanish Students Visit Malta for Cultural Experience [二次精读] 重点单词 host [həʊst] n.主人； 东道主 v.主办活动； 主持 lantern ['læntən] n.灯笼； 灯塔 entrance ['entrəns] n.入口； 到达； 登台； 进入许可 promote [prə'məʊt] v.促进； 促销； 晋升； 使……升级 重点短语 enjoy oneself过得快活，感到愉快 try on试穿； 耍花招， 哄骗 语块积累 traditional Chinese flute中国传统长笛　Chinese tea making中国茶叶生产 Chinese characters中国字；方块字 Traditional Chinese Medicine传统中医学 under the guidance of a doctor在一个医生的指导下 cultural exchange文化交流 长难句分析 Under the guidance of a doctor, they practiced Ba Duan Jin, a set of exercises whose name translates as “eight steps to healthy living”. 在医生的指导下，他们练习了八段锦，这是一套名为“八步健康生活”的锻炼方法。 分析：这是一个复合句，Under the guidance of a doctor介词短语作方式状语；a set of exercises作Ba Duan Jin的同位语；whose引导定语从句，修饰exercise。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023—2024学年江苏期末)It was a familiar sight that the family gathered around the table telling stories during and after the meal. As part of our daily __1__， these conversations would become the most precious moments for my family. The love of storytelling__2__ from our dad, whose life was exciting and unforgettable. He told us about his childhood, travels and reflections, all of which had become part of our __3__. Even though few of dad's stories actually __4__ me, I felt as much part of them as I did. They brought me closer to my family in a way I couldn't be more __5__ for. Even when I had to live away, sharing tales with my dad on the phone kept me __6__ during the breakdown in my life. He showed us the __7__ of quality time and of family which never __8__ to benefit us. Telling stories has been irreplaceable. When__9__ a risk about potential failure, I just remember even a moment of __10__ could also be transformed into a funny story. When travelling with friends, I can turn my days into a fascinating __11__. I realize each moment in life can be a story worth __12__. It's about experiences, memories and cultures that keep __13__ strong and life alive. __14__， the best stories never stop being told. As years pass, we'll __15__ our families to the greatest hits. 1.A.plan　　　 B.routine　　　　 C.work　　　　 D.schedule 2.A.originated B.went C.dated D.differed 3.A.history B.career C.identity D.culture 4.A.inspired B.changed C.benefited D.included 5.A.respectable B.suitable C.responsible D.grateful 6.A.fortunate B.positive C.sensitive D.generous 7.A.value B.duty C.role D.company 8.A.forgot B.expected C.failed D.refused 9.A.cutting down B.meeting with C.going with D.taking down 10.A.excitement B.happiness C.embarrassment D.surprise 11.A.poem B.subject C.adventure D.description 12.A.telling B.reading C.writing D.hearing 13.A.connection B.body C.curiosity D.attitude 14.A.Frequently B.Frankly C.Formally D.Fortunately 15.A.relate B.treat C.apply D.compare 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练三] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化中的一些基本规则。 1.D　词句猜测题。根据上文“Brazilians usually stand very close to each other while speaking.(巴西人说话时通常站得很近。)”可知，this指的是巴西人说话时通常站得很近这件事。故选D。 2.D　细节理解题。根据BRAZIL部分的“Most Brazilians are very friendly, so it's important to greet the people you meet.(大多数巴西人都很友好，所以问候你遇到的人是很重要的。)”和“If you go to a business meeting, you are not expected to take a gift.(如果你去参加一个商务会议，你不需要带礼物。)”及“However, avoid anything purple or black, as these colors have to do with death.(然而，避免紫色或黑色，因为这些颜色与死亡有关。)”以及“If you are invited to dinner, arrive at least 30 minutes late, but always dress well, because a person's appearance can be very important to Brazilians.(如果你被邀请参加晚宴，请至少迟到30分钟，但一定要穿着得体，因为一个人的外表对巴西人来说非常重要。)”和SAUDI ARABIA部分的“It is important to greet the oldest or the most senior person first.(首先问候年龄最大或地位最高的人是很重要的。)”和“Arrive on time for business meetings, but don't be surprised if others are late.(商务会议要准时到达，但如果别人迟到也不要感到惊讶。)”及“Business dress is formal.(商务着装是正式的。)”以及“Gifts are not expected at business meetings.(商务会议上不应该送礼物。)”可知，这两个国家都提到的是问候、到达时间、着装和赠送礼物。故选D。 3.B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“International travel is popular, but visitors can run into trouble if they don't know some basic ‘rules’. So, it's important to learn about the cultures they're visiting.(国际旅行很受欢迎，但如果游客不知道一些基本的‘规则’，他们就会遇到麻烦。所以，了解他们所参观的国家的文化是很重要的。)”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了介绍不同文化中的一些基本规则。故选B。 B [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了粤剧的历史和对人们的影响等。 4.C　推理判断题。由文章第一段“What did people do for fun before smartphones and computers were invented? After conducting research, I learned that Cantonese opera (粤剧) was the top form of entertainment in China for centuries. With singing and spoken lines delivered in the Cantonese dialect, Cantonese opera is one of several operatic types born in Guangdong province. (在智能手机和电脑发明之前，人们有什么娱乐活动？经过研究，我了解到，几个世纪以来，粤剧一直是中国最重要的娱乐形式。粤剧以广东方言演唱和口语台词，是广东诞生的几种歌剧类型之一。)”可知，作者在第一段提出一个问题目的是引出文章的主题，即粤剧的相关信息。故选C。 5.B　推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Here is something from our conversation. (下面是我们谈话中的一些内容。)”可知，全文基于作者对一位专家的采访。故选B。 6.A　推理判断题。由文章第三段“From the 19th century through the early 20th century, opera troupes (剧团) would perform along the Pearl River Delta in southern China. They lived on boats that were painted red and transported them to various temple festivals during the performance season. A troupe typically stayed in a city for a few days, performing different plays each day. By the 1930s, the major performing places for Cantonese opera had moved to big cities, and more convenient forms of transportation began to be used. As a result, the red boats began to disappear. (从19世纪到20世纪初，歌剧团会在中国南部的珠江三角洲一带演出。他们住在被漆成红色的船上，在演出季节将他们运送到各种寺庙的节日。一个剧团通常在一个城市停留几天，每天演出不同的剧目。到20世纪30年代，粤剧的主要表演场所已经转移到大城市，并且开始使用更方便的交通方式。结果，红船开始消失。)”可知，从第三段我们了解了粤剧的发展。故选A。 7.C　细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“So Cantonese opera begins to tell some themes that will interest kids today. (所以粤剧开始讲述一些今天孩子们感兴趣的主题。)”可知，粤剧目前想吸引孩子们，即想吸引新一代。故选C。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是一群来自西班牙的汉语学生在马耳他进行了为期三天的访问，在那里体验了令人惊叹的中国文化。 8.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the Confucius Institute of the University of Malta on Saturday, the students from the Official School of Languages were attracted by traditional Chinese flute (长笛) performances, and Chinese tea making.(在周六，在马耳他大学孔子学院，来自官方语言学院的学生们被中国传统长笛表演和中国茶艺所吸引。)”可知，学生学习访问的第一个目的地是University of Malta。故选A。 9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Maria Nieves, a group member, expressed her strong interest in Chinese culture, after two years of learning the language. ‘Despite the challenges, Chinese characters are truly beautiful，’ she says.(小组成员Maria Nieves在学习了两年中文后，表达了对中国文化的浓厚兴趣。她说：‘尽管有挑战，但汉字真的很美。’)”可知，Maria Nieves学习汉语两年了。故选C。 10.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Under the guidance of a doctor, they practiced Ba Duan Jin, a set of exercises whose name translates as ‘eight steps to healthy living’.(在医生的指导下，他们练习了八段锦，这是一套名为‘八步健康生活’的锻炼方法。)”可知，他们在医生的指导下练习了一套锻炼方法——八段锦；结合下文中的“A lecture on TCM introduced them to treatments like acupuncture and cupping, and some of the students had the chance to personally experience a treatment.(一场关于中医的讲座向他们介绍了针灸和拔火罐等治疗方法，一些学生有机会亲自体验针灸和拔火罐等治疗。)”可知，有些学生有机会亲自体验针灸和拔火罐等治疗，综合以上信息可知，学生们在马耳他保拉体验了两种活动。故选B。 11.D　主旨大意题。根据首段“A group of Chinese language students from Spain visited Malta for three days. They had a chance to enjoy themselves in the amazing Chinese cultural experiences there.(一群来自西班牙的汉语学生访问了马耳他，为期三天。他们有机会在那里享受令人惊叹的中国文化体验。)”以及下文中介绍的这些学生在接下来的三天时间里体验到的一些中国文化，如长笛表演和中国茶艺以及“八段锦”、针灸和拔火罐等中国的传统文化可知，本文主要介绍的是一群来自西班牙的汉语学生在马耳他体验中国文化，由此可知，标题“西班牙学生访问马耳他进行文化体验”与本文的内容吻合，且可以概括本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一家有围坐在餐桌上讲故事的传统，这些交谈是一家人最宝贵的时刻。这些故事塑造了作者的身份，让作者和家人变得更为紧密，在低谷时也能保持积极。作者意识到生命中的每一刻都可以变成值得讲述的故事，这些故事让联系变得牢固，让生活变得鲜活。 1.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为我们日常生活的一部分，这些交谈将成为我家人最宝贵的时刻。A.plan计划；B.routine惯例；C.work工作；D.schedule日程安排。根据上文“It was a familiar sight that the family gathered around the table telling stories during and after the meal.”可知，作者一家常常围坐在餐桌上讲故事，因此这些交谈是他们日常生活的一部分，daily routine是固定表达，意为“日常生活”，指个人每天重复进行的活动和习惯。故选B。 2.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：对讲故事的热爱源于我们的父亲，他的一生令人兴奋而难忘。A.originated起源于；B.went去；C.dated确定年份；D.differed有区别。根据上文“The love of storytelling”和下文“from our dad”可推知，此处是介绍对讲故事的热爱的来源，应该是源自父亲，固定短语originate from意为“源于，来自”。故选A。 3.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们他的童年、旅行和思考，所有这些都成为了我们身份的一部分。A.history历史；B.career职业；C.identity身份；D.culture文化。根据下文“I felt as much part of them as I did”可知，作者觉得自己也是故事中的一部分，由此可知，这些成为了他们身份的一部分。故选C。 4.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管父亲的故事中很少包括我，但我觉得自己也是其中的一部分。A.inspired激发；B.changed改变；C.benefited得益于；D.included包括。根据上文“Even though”表示的让步关系，以及下文“I felt as much part of them as I did”可推知，虽然父亲的故事中很少包括作者，但作者依然觉得自己是其中的一部分。故选D。 5.D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们让我和家人走得更近，对此我感激不尽。A.respectable受人尊敬的；B.suitable合适的；C.responsible负责任的；D.grateful感激的。根据上文“They brought me closer to my family”可知，它们让作者和家人走得更近，之间的联系更紧密，因此作者会很感激。故选D。 6.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使我不得不离开家，在电话里和父亲分享故事也让我在生活崩溃时保持积极。A.fortunate幸运的；B.positive积极的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.generous慷慨的。根据下文“during the breakdown in my life”可推知，分享故事让作者在生活崩溃时保持积极。故选B。 7.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向我们展示了宝贵时间和家庭的价值，这让我们受益匪浅。A.value价值；B.duty责任；C.role角色；D.company陪伴。根据下文“of quality time and of family”可推知，父亲展示的是宝贵时间和家庭的价值。故选A。 8.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向我们展示了宝贵的时间和家庭的价值，这让我们受益匪浅。A.forgot忘记；B.expected期望；C.failed未能；D.refused拒绝。根据上文“He showed us the __7__ of quality time and of family which never”和下文“to benefit us”可推知，此处是对这些作出评价，指让人受益匪浅，固定短语fail to do意为“未能做到”，此处是双重否定表示肯定，故选C。 9.B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：当遇到潜在失败的风险时，我只记得即使是一个尴尬的时刻也可能变成一个有趣的故事。A.cutting down削减；B.meeting with遇到；C.going with与……一起去；D.taking down记下。根据下文“a risk about potential failure”可推知，此处是描述作者遇到潜在失败的风险时的情况。故选B。 10.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当遇到潜在失败的风险时，我只记得即使是一个尴尬的时刻也可能变成一个有趣的故事。A.excitement兴奋；B.happiness快乐；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.surprise惊讶。根据上文“a risk about potential failure”可推知，潜在失败的风险带来的可能是尴尬的时刻。故选C。 11.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当和朋友一起旅行时，我可以把我的日子变成一个迷人的冒险。A.poem诗；B.subject主题；C.adventure冒险；D.description描述。根据上文“When travelling with friends”可知，此处是描述和朋友一起旅行的日子，应该是通过叙述将其变成迷人的冒险。故选C。 12.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到生命中的每一刻都可以是一个值得讲述的故事。A.telling讲述；B.reading阅读；C.writing写作；D.hearing听到。根据上文“I just remember even a moment of __10__ could also be transformed into a funny story.”和“I can turn my days into a fascinating __11__”可知，作者自己在讲述这些不同的经历，因此指值得讲述的故事。故选A。 13.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：它与让联系变得牢固，让生活变得鲜活的经历、记忆和文化有关。A.connection联系；B.body身体；C.curiosity好奇心；D.attitude态度。根据上文描述的作者得益于那些故事，和家人走得更近，以及下文“strong”可推知，此处指让联系变得牢固。故选A。 14.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，最好的故事永远不会停止被讲述。A.Frequently频繁地；B.Frankly坦白地；C.Formally正式地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“the best stories never stop being told”可知，最好的故事永远不会停止被讲述，因此作者会觉得这是幸运的。故选D。 15.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我们会用最盛大的作品款待我们的家人。A.relate联系；B.treat款待；C.apply应用；D.compare比较。根据上文作者觉得那些交谈的时光非常宝贵，他从听父亲讲故事中获益，以及下文“our families to the greatest hits”可推知，此处指把讲述出来的故事作为作品，款待自己的家人，固定短语treat sb to sth意为“用某物款待某人”。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$