WELCOME UNIT 读与练·阅读限时训练三（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023—2024学年苏州高一阶段练习)Do you get nervous thinking about geometry, equations or a coming math test? If your answer is “yes”， you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common psychological condition among students around the world. Students in countries with higher levels of math anxiety tend to achieve lower math grades, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Feb.15. Math anxiety—a negative emotional reaction to the core subject—causes fear physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study. In ordinary life, many people experience some degree of discomfort when meeting with a math problem, ranging from mild tension to strong fear. Some people also experience physical symptoms such as sweaty palms or a racing heart. They may then try to avoid every situation involving numbers, meaning they are held back from pursuing careers related to this subject, such as science, technology or engineering, according to The Guardian. Reassurance comes from the fact that those with math anxiety aren't destined to be bad at math, “If a child has math anxiety, don't assume that they're not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement，” Daniel Ansari, the senior author of the study told The London Free Press. “Students with math anxiety are not，cognitively disadvantaged.” Also, there are ways to manage your stress related to math. If you're feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. “It's about making sure you're interpreting your feelings correctly，” Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist in the US told the BBC. “Just because you have a fast heartbeat and sweaty palms, that does not necessarily mean you will fail.” A little math anxiety could be taken as a positive challenge to overcome. Just like many people get stage fright before delivering a speech, this nervous energy can help to motivate, according to Ian Lyons, a psychologist at Georgetown University in the US. 1.Why does the author begin the passage with a question? A.To expect answers from the readers. B.To introduce the topic “math anxiety”. C.To identify problems with math learning. D.To emphasize the difficulty of a math test. 2.What message do Daniel Ansari's words convey in paragraph 4? A.Math anxiety is what leads to students' failure. B.Math anxiety is what nearly everyone will face. C.Math anxiety doesn't necessarily mean poor math. D.Math anxiety doesn't necessarily allow improvement space. 3.How should you deal with the stress related to math according to the article? A.Learn to understand your feelings. B.Turn to cognitive experts for help. C.Take all nervous energy as a challenge. D.Practice more before taking math exams. 4.What is the best title for the passage? A.What is Anxiety? B.Worried by Numbers C.How to Avoid Studying Math? D.Math Test—A Nightmare for All [二次精读] 重点单词 geometry [dʒi'ɒmətri] n.几何(学)　　　　　　　　equation [ɪ'kweɪʒn] n.方程式 psychological [ˌsaɪkə'lɒːdʒɪk(ə)l] adj.心理的 reassurance [ˌriːə'ʃʊərəns] n.慰藉 interpret [ɪn'tɜːprɪt] vt.解释；翻译 cognitive ['kɒɡnətɪv] adj.认知的 motivate ['məʊtɪveɪt] vt.激励 重点短语 far from 远非　　　　　　　　　　　　 be destined to 注定会 make sure 确保 meet with 碰到；遇到 hold back 阻止 related to 与……相关 语块积累 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 《美国国家科学院院刊》 a coming math test 即将到来的数学测试　　　 emotional reaction (to)情感反应 math anxiety 数学焦虑 a math exam 数学考试 长难句分析 In ordinary life, many people experience some degree of discomfort when meeting with a math problem, ranging from mild tension to strong fear. 在日常生活中，许多人在遇到数学问题时会感到一定程度的不适，从轻微的紧张到强烈的恐惧。 分析：句中when meeting with a math problem为when引导的时间状语从句的省略；ranging from...为现在分词短语作非限制性定语，修饰discomfort。 [背景知识] 剑桥大学(University of Cambridge，通常也称作剑桥)位于英国剑桥郡的剑桥市，是英语世界里成立的第二所大学，也是世界上现存第四古老的大学。其前身是一个在剑桥市成立的学者协会，早期的记录称协会的学者是因和牛津城市居民产生争端，于1209年离开牛津来到剑桥的。剑桥大学与牛津大学有很多相同之处并且经常被合称为牛剑，两所大学在文化和现实上的协作已成为英国社会史的一部分。 剑桥大学在学术方面始终是世界领先的大学之一，至2010年已诞生了97位诺贝尔奖获得者。根据2024年QS排名，剑桥大学全球排名第二。 B Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she's only 13 and already has her medical school offer. The application process for the medical school was “super stressful”， but she was_adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, even if it was “no”. “If I could say anything to another little girl that looks like me: never stop believing and don't give up on your dreams just because somebody tells you ‘no’. You can do anything that you put your mind and your heart to，” she said. Alena is the youngest African American person to get into a U.S. medical school, and the second­youngest person overall. Alena didn't just wake up one day and decide to go to the medical school while in middle school—she's a child genius. By the time she was 11 she'd already taken several high school courses. When Alena turned 12, she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled(注册) in online classes at Arizona State University. If all goes to plan for Alena, she'll start studying to be a doctor at age 15, in 2024, and graduate when she's 18 when other kids her age are preparing for their freshmen year at college. Although she's so young, age is “not a big deal” to her and she is just a normal kid. She explained, “I'm in honors choir, I'm in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13­year­old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I'm very structured and very disciplined.” 5.Why does the author mention the high schoolers' college application? A.To show how fortunate Alena is. B.To explain high schoolers' difficult life. C.To present preferences of high schoolers. D.To stress how unusual Alena is to get the offer. 6.What does the underlined word “adamant” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Determined.　　　　　　 B.Qualified. C.Innocent. D.Patient. 7.What can be inferred about Alena? A.She is now studying in a high school. B.She is taking online university classes. C.She will become a doctor at the age of 15. D.She is the youngest to get into a U.S. medical school. 8.Which of the following can best describe Alena's life? A.Stressful but hopeful. B.Cheerful but meaningless. C.Rich and colorful. D.Simple and free. [二次精读] 重点单词 process ['prəʊses] n.过程　　　　　overall [ˌəʊvər'ɔːl] adj.整体的 genius ['dʒiːniəs] n. 天才 enroll [ɪn'rəʊl] vt.注册 choir ['kwaɪə(r)] n.唱诗班 discipline ['dɪsəplɪn] n. & v.纪律 重点短语 regardless of 无论　　　　　　 　　put one's mind and heart to 全身心投入 hang out 闲逛 语块积累 medical school 医学院　　　　 　　online classes 网课 长难句分析 Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she's only 13 and already has her medical school offer. 确定申请哪所大学可能是任何高中生可能面临的最困难的决定之一，但 Alena 很早就解决了这一切，因为她只有 13 岁，并且已经拿到了医学院的录取通知书。 分析：这是一个并列句。第一分句中working out为动名词作主语；any high schooler can face为定语从句；第二个分句中as引导原因状语从句。 C Final exams are around the corner—but that won't stop some teenagers putting in the least effort. This may be because their brains aren't developed enough to properly assess how high the stakes (利害关系) are, and adapt their behaviour accordingly. Catherine Insel, at Harvard University, and her team asked adolescents between the ages of 13 and 20 to play a game while monitoring their brains. In some rounds of the game，participants could earn 20 cents for a correct response, while an incorrect one would cost them 10 cents. But in rounds with higher stakes，correct responses were worth a dollar, and wrong answers lost the participants 50 cents. The team found that while the older volunteers performed better in the high stakes rounds, the younger ones didn't — their performance didn't change in line with whether the stakes were low or high. And the older the volunteers were, the more improved their performance was. When the team looked at the brain activity of the volunteers，they found that their ability to improve their performance was linked to how developed their brains were. A region in the brain, which continues to develop until we are at least 25 years old, seemed to be particularly important. The findings explain why some teenagers are so unconcerned when it comes to hazardous behaviors, such as driving too fast, for instance, especially when one of their friends is nearby. Insel thinks schools should reconsider the way they test performance in teenagers. “This study suggests it's not a good idea to evaluate school performance in a single final exam”， she says. A better idea would be to use a variety of smaller tests, conducted throughout the year. It's not all bad news for teens, though. Teenagers put the same amount of effort into tasks that aren't “important”， and start to prefer hobbies to school. It could be a good thing, allowing teenagers to learn complex social skills, for example. 9.Why did the researchers set different bets in the game? A.To teach how to make money. B.To better monitor participants' brains. C.To show the varied risk levels of the game. D.To meet the needs of different participants. 10.What does the underlined word “hazardous” probably mean? A.Dangerous. B.Abusive. C.Specific. D.Addictive. 11.What should be kept in mind while assessing students' performance? A.It should not be judged by only one exam. B.The items in exams should not be too difficult. C.Exam­focused education should not be adopted. D.Examination is not a good means of evaluating students. 12.What is Insel's attitude to teenagers' putting effort into “unimportant” tasks? A.Unclear. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Negative. [二次精读] 重点单词 effort ['efət] n.努力　　　　　　　　　　　　assess [ə'ses] vt.评估 adapt [ə'dæpt] vt.(使)适应 adolescent [ˌædə'les(ə)nt] n.青少年 monitor ['mɒnɪtə(r)] vt.监测；监控 重点短语 around the corner 临近　　　　　　　　　　 in line with 与……同步 be linked to 与……相关联 for instance (＝for example)例如 a variety of 大量的 语块积累 the brain activity 大脑活动　　　　　　　　 social skills 社会技能 长难句 分析 When the team looked at the brain activity of the volunteers, they found that their ability to improve their performance was linked to how developed their brains were. 当研究小组观察志愿者的大脑活动时，他们发现他们提高表现的能力与他们的大脑发育程度有关。 分析：句中when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句，to improve their performance为不定式作定语修饰ability；how developed their brains were为宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023—2024学年河北高一开学考试)High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students. Read on and take a look at the following suggestions to help you make it through this period of your life. Take your studies seriously. High school is a time to start thinking about your future. Good grades will open many doors for you, including higher education opportunities and personal growth.__1__ If you find yourself struggling with your studies, you can seek help from your teachers and parents. __2__ High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation for success in college or in future jobs. Make good use of the resources in your school. High schools offer many kinds of resources that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth.__3__ By taking advantage of these resources, you can develop study, social and personal skills. So, explore all the resources to develop yourself into an intelligent and all­round person. Be open to making new friends. Hanging out with friends is great. However, it's better to step out of your familiar environment and introduce yourself to new people. Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you.__4__ Take care of your mental health. High school life is stressful for many reasons, and it's important to pay attention to your mental health. __5__ Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems. A.Develop good time management skills. B.They include libraries, labs, gyms and more. C.Moreover, friends can bring joy and happiness to your life. D.So, make sure you are putting studies at the top of your list. E.It's a time of change, growth, exploration and self­discovery. F.Taking a good rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress. G.Exchange programs offer you an opportunity to experience new cultures. Ⅲ.语法填空 How time flies！I will be a senior high school student this term.I am very excited and nervous.I feel excited because I 1.________ (learn) more knowledge from my new teachers.2.________　(especial)，I can learn more about English，math，physics，chemistry and biology.I think they are 3.________(interest).I can meet many new 4.________(friend) in senior high school as well.I think they，5.________ (I) new friends，will be friendly and kindhearted.I believe I will get along well 6.________ all of my new classmates.7.________ the saying goes，“A friend is 8.________ (easy) to be lost than found.” If you want to make friends with others，you should treat them sincerely(真诚地).It is really hard，9.________ I will try. I feel nervous because I heard that it is difficult 10.________(study) in senior high school.I think I will meet many problems and fall through many times.But it's nothing serious，because I know if I work hard，I will be successful at last. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练三] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是数学焦虑，以及它的表现、影响和应对方法。 1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“If your answer is ‘yes’， you are far from alone. Math anxiety has become a common psychological condition among students around the world.(如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你并不孤单。数学焦虑已经成为全世界学生中常见的心理状况。)”可推理出第一段使用问题开篇是为了引出“数学焦虑”这个话题。故选B。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中“If a child has math anxiety, don't assume that they're not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement(如果一个孩子有数学焦虑，不要认为他们不擅长数学。他们可能在数学上有过一次非常糟糕的经历，而且有办法提高数学成绩)”以及“Students with math anxiety are not, cognitively disadvantaged.(有数学焦虑的学生在认知上并不处于劣势。)”可推理出，有数学焦虑的学生不一定意味着他的数学成绩差。故选C。 3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If you're feeling stressed before a math exam, it may help to spend a few minutes exploring those feelings before the exam begins. ‘It's about making sure you're interpreting your feelings correctly’(如果你在数学考试前感到压力，花几分钟时间探索这些感觉可能会有所帮助。‘关键是确保你正确解读自己的感受’)”可知，本文认为可以通过理解你的感受来对付数学焦虑。故选A。 4.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Do you get nervous thinking about geometry, equations or a coming math test? If your answer is ‘yes’， you are far from alone.(对于即将到来的几何、方程式或数学考试，你会感到紧张吗？如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你并不孤单。)”、第二段中“Math anxiety—a negative emotional reaction to the core subject—causes fear physical suffering and behavior problems among young pupils, according to a University of Cambridge study.(剑桥大学的一项研究表明，数学焦虑——对这一核心学科的负面情绪反应——在年轻学生中引起恐惧、身体痛苦和行为问题。)”、第四段中“If a child has math anxiety, don't assume that they're not good at math. They may have had a really bad experience with math and there are ways to improve math achievement(如果一个孩子有数学焦虑，不要认为他们不擅长数学。他们可能在数学上有过一次非常糟糕的经历，而且有办法提高数学成绩)”以及最后一段中“A little math anxiety could be taken as a positive challenge to overcome.(一点点数学焦虑可以被视为一个积极的挑战去克服。)”可知，文章主要介绍了什么是数学焦虑，B项“Worried by numbers”表达的含义适合用作本文标题。故选B。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了年仅13岁的Alena因为自身的天赋和坚持不懈的努力，成为被美国一所大学的医学院录取的最年轻的非裔美籍学生。 5.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she's only 13 and already has her medical school offer. (申请哪所大学可能是任何高中生面临的最困难的决定之一，但阿莱娜很早就解决了这个问题，因为只有13岁的她已经收到了医学院的录取通知。)”可推知，作者提到了高中生的大学申请是为了强调只有13岁的Alena收到录取通知是多么不寻常。故选D。 6.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“The application process for the medical school was ‘super stressful’， but she was_adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said(申请医学院的过程‘压力超级大’，但她was adamant to自己的梦想，不管别人说什么)”中转折连词“but”和“follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said”可推知，尽管申请医学院很难，但Alena坚持追逐梦想，所以画线词adamant与determined意思相近，意为“坚定的”。故选A。 7.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University (她高中毕业，目前就读于亚利桑那州立大学的在线课程)”可知，Alena她正在线上学习上大学的课程。故选B。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“She explained, ‘I'm in honors choir, I'm in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13­year­old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I'm very structured and very disciplined.’(她解释说：‘我参加了荣誉合唱团，我参加了啦啦队，我踢足球。我像一个13岁的孩子那样和朋友们在商场里闲逛，我也和他们一起去看电影，去游泳。我很有条理，也很自律。’)”可推知，Alena的生活丰富多彩。故选C。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章以一项实验研究的结果说明了青少年大脑判断事情重要程度的能力随着年龄增大而增加，这解释了为什么马上要考试了，有些青少年却仍不努力学习。作者认为应该用多次考试来更加准确地评价青少年的学业表现。 9.C　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“The team found that while the older volunteers performed better in the high stakes rounds, the younger ones didn't—their performance didn't change in line with whether the stakes were low or high. (研究小组发现，虽然年龄较大的志愿者在高风险回合中表现更好，但年龄较小的志愿者没有——他们的表现并没有随着风险的高低而改变。)”可知，研究的结果发现“年纪稍大的参与者在利害关系更高的回合中表现得更好”。由此可推知，研究人员设置不同赌注的目的是使娱乐的冒险程度不同。故选C。 10.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的举例“such as driving too fast(比如开得太快)”可知，一些青少年对危险行为如此漠不关心。由此可知，画线单词的意思为“危险的”。故选A。 11.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句话“‘This study suggests it's not a good idea to evaluate school performance in a single final exam’， she says. (‘这项研究表明，在一次期末考试中评估学校成绩不是一个好主意’，她说。)”可知，不能只通过一次考试来判断学校的成绩。故选A。 12.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段“It's not all bad news for teens, though. Teenagers put the same amount of effort into tasks that aren't ‘important’， and start to prefer hobbies to school. It could be a good thing, allowing teenagers to learn complex social skills, for example.(不过，这对青少年来说并不都是坏消息。青少年将同样的精力投入不‘重要’的任务中，并开始喜欢业余爱好而不是上学。这可能是一件好事，比如让青少年学习复杂的社交技能。)”可知，作者认为青少年花时间做一些不重要的事情可能也是一件好事，让他们可以学到复杂的社交技巧。由此推知，作者的态度是“赞同的”。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了给高一新生的建议，包括认真学习，培养良好的时间管理技能等。 1.D　由上文“High school is a time to start thinking about your future. Good grades will open many doors for you, including higher education opportunities and personal growth.(高中是一个开始思考未来的时刻。好成绩将为你打开许多大门，包括高等教育机会和个人成长。)”可知，说明高中学习的重要性。空处和前文为因果关系，说明高中认真学习非常重要，因此学习是高中要完成的首要任务。D项中的“putting studies at the top of your list”和前文中的“Good grades will open many doors for you”相呼应，所以D项“因此，一定要把学习放在首要位置”符合语境。故选D。 2.A　由下文“High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well.(高中生活充满挑战，有很多工作和活动。有效的时间管理可以帮助您组织任务、计划时间表并很好地实现目标。) ”可知，高中生应该培养时间管理能力。A项“培养良好的时间管理技能”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 3.B　由上文“High schools offer many kinds of resources that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth.(高中提供了多种资源，可以帮助你学习和实现个人成长。)”可知，说明高中的各种资源有助于学生的学习。空处顺接前文，进一步说明学校的资源有哪些。B项中的they指代前文中的“many kinds of resources”，说明学校资源包括图书馆、实验室、健身房等。故选B。 4.C　由上文“Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you.(结交新朋友可以打开更多的可能性，提高你的社交能力，并为你建立一个支持系统。)”可知，说明结交新朋友对高中生的好处。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明交朋友的好处。C项中的“friends”是前文中该词的复现，所以C项“此外，朋友可以给你的生活带来欢乐和幸福”符合语境。故选C。 5.F　由上文“Take care of your mental health.(照顾好你的心理健康。)”以及下文“Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems.(此外，如果你面临压力、焦虑或其他健康问题，你可以与值得信赖的成年人交谈。)”说明本段讲述如何照顾好学生的心理问题。空处和下文并列说明如何减轻学生的压力。F项中的“help reduce stress”和下文中的“if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems”相呼应，说明好好休息和锻炼身体有助于减轻压力。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读高中前对高中生活的憧憬和决心。 1.will learn　考查时态。句意：我感到很兴奋，因为我即将从新老师那里学到更多的知识。空格处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的“I will be a senior high school student this term.”可知，此处指将要从新老师那里学习更多知识，故应用一般将来时。 2.Especially　考查副词。句意：尤其是我可以学习更多关于英语、数学、物理、化学和生物的知识。此处应用副词修饰后面整个句子。 3.interesting　考查形容词。句意：我认为它们非常有趣。句中“they”指代上文提到的科目，此处应用­ing形式的形容词作表语。 4.friends　考查名词的数。句意：在高中我也可以遇到很多新朋友。friend“朋友”为可数名词，被many修饰，故应用其复数形式。 5.my　考查代词。句意：我认为我的新朋友们，将会是友好且善良的。此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词词组new friends。 6.with　考查介词。句意：我相信我会和所有新同学相处得很好。此处为固定短语get along well with sb“与某人相处得好”。 7.As　考查连词。句意：俗话说：失去朋友比找到朋友更容易。此处为固定表达as the saying goes“俗话说”，as引导方式状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。 8.easier　考查形容词的比较级。句意：俗话说：失去朋友比找到朋友更容易。结合语境和后文的than可知，此处应用easy的比较级作表语。 9.but　考查连词。句意：这真的很难，但我会努力。结合句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but连接。 10.to study　考查不定式。句意：我感到紧张，因为我听说高中学习很难。此处为固定句型it be＋adj.＋to do sth“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$