精品解析：北京十一实验中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中诊断英语试题

北京十一实验中学2023-2024学年初二年级第7学段 教与学诊断 英语学科 2024.04 学科班级________ 姓名________ 考生须知 1.本试卷共12页，共四部分，54道小题，满分100分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写姓名、所在学科班级。 3.试题答案一律书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，请用2B铅笔和黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，将答题纸交回，试卷自行保存。 听力理解（共26分） 一、听后选择（每题1.5分，共9 分） 听对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，请从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听下面一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。 1 How did the girl hurt herself? A. She fell off her bike. B. She fell off a wall. B. She fell down the stairs. 2. What does the boy offer to do for the girl? A. Ask for time off for her. B. Help her with her studies. C. Take her to see a doctor. 请听下面一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. Which subject did the boy do badly in? A. Math. B. English. C. Chinese. 4. Who will the boy ask for help? A. His sister. B. His parents. C. His teacher. 请听下面一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5. What do we learn about the speaker from the talk? A. She saved a little boy. B. She sent the little boy to the hospital. C. She forgot to warm up before swimming. 6. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To invite people to a pool party. B. To share her unforgettable experience. C. To teach people how to get help in a pool. 二、听后回答（每题2分，共10分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 7. Who did the boy raise money for? ___________________________________ 8. Where will the boy go this weekend? ___________________________________ 9. What was the woman doing when the storm came? ___________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第10至11小题。 10. When did the boy finish his homework? ___________________________________ 11. What chores will the boy do first? ___________________________________ 三、听后转写（共1题，7分） 听短文，请根据所听内容和思维导图中的提示信息，写出短文主要内容。请注意语法正确语意连贯。短文开头已经给出，短文你将听两遍。 I’ve got some information about ________________________________________________________________ 知识运用（共28分） 四、单项填空（每题1分，共10分） 从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mary is old enough to take care of ________. A. I B. me C. my D. herself 2. You should spend much more time ________ your study. A. in B. on C. at D. with 3. They should eat more vegetables ________ they can be healthier. A. so that B. until C. although D. while 4. It’s windy outside now. ________ Mary nor I want to go shopping. A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither 5. —________ you please clean the house, Tom? Your grandma is coming here. —Sure no problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. May 6. My mother wants me ________ every morning. She says it’s good for my health. A. drink tea B. drink milk C. to drink tea D. drinking milk 7. Now I am used to ________ breakfast at school because it is convenient. A. have B. has C. having D. had 8. If you want to make friends, you have to ________ well with others. A. go on B. get on C. go up D. get up 9. I ________ my mom do the dishes when Jimmy called in at eight last night. A. help B. helped C. will help D. was helping 10. ________ ask your parents for help when you don’t know how to solve the problems? A Why not you B. Why don’t you C. How about D. What about 五、选词填空（每题1分，共6分） 阅读下面的短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使内容完整、语意连贯。 pressure, push, be, could, important, for These days, many parents ____11____ their children into learning more skills. They believe it helps their kids to better compete in life. However, such a busy life can place great ____12____ on students. The Taylors are a typical American family. Life ____13____ Cathy Taylor’s three children is very busy. Cathy says, “I take them to different interest classes after school. Maybe I ____14____ cut out a few of their activities, but I believe they are ____15____ for their future. I really want them ____16____ successful!” 六、完形填空（每题1.5分，共12分） When you hear the word hero, you may think of someone like Mahatma Gandhi or but they do what they can to help ___17___ people’s lives as well. Everyday heroes are normal people who are working to make the world a better place. Among them is Robert Lee. Lee grew up in New York City. As his family was not rich, he learned from a young age the importance of ___18___ the waste of food. When in college, he was part of a student group that gave out leftover (剩余的) food to ___19___ people. This experience make him realize how serious the problem of food wastage actually was. After he left university, Lee and a friend set up an organization called Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC). Its purpose is to ___20___ unsold food from restaurants and send it for free to shelters (收容所) and food kitchens. Volunteers pick up the food from restaurants around the city and hand it out to those in need. RLC operates simply. Using an app developed by Lee’s team,___21___ report how much leftover food they have each day. Then volunteers are sent to fetch it. The distance is usually short, so volunteers can just do their deliveries (递送) by walking from the restaurants to the shelters. Lee believes this is a quick way of delivery. So far, Lee and his team have successfully ___22___ over 150,000 kilograms of food, serving almost 300,000 meals to people who need them, Lee has shown that a ___23___ action can help people around us greatly. It may have a greater influence than we imagine. When Lee is asked what his next plan is, he says there is still a lot to do. “It’s just the ___24___. With more restaurants, who knows how much more we can do?” 17. A. record B. respect C. improve D. manage 18. A. storing B. avoiding C. burning D. recycling 19. A. sick B. blind C. lonely D. homeless 20. A. collect B. cook C. research D. receive 21. A. volunteers B. organizations C. restaurants D. universities 22. A. heated B. saved C. lent D. grown 23. A. small B. secret C. direct D. sudden 24. A. need B. time C. promise D. beginning 阅读理解（共36分） 七、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（每题2分，共26分） A 阅读下列几则建议，请根据人物的问题匹配最合适的建议，并将建议所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Eat Berries Berries are healthy fruit with lots of nutrients. If you want to improve your memory, a handful of blueberries a day could help you think and understand things very quickly. Try to eat some berries in your daily life. B. Go Outdoors Don’t spend much time chatting online or playing video games. You may think it is a way to relax, but scientists have found that it may be harmful to you. It is time to put down your mobile phones and go outdoors. C. Relax Yourself You should learn to balance (平衡) study with enough rest. Spend some time having fun and relaxing yourself, such as reading books, drawing pictures, or watching a good movie. After a short break, you could study better. D. Speak up Speaking up in class might be difficult, but it helps to make you feel more confident (自信的). Don’t be afraid. It’s okay if you give the wrong answer. Your classmates won’t really care. ____25____ I am afraid to share my ideas in front of the class. ____26____ I study hard all the time and I am easy to feel tired and nervous. ____27____ I like having healthy food and I want to improve my memory. B Act Your Age ring-around-the-rosy Mary was blowing bubbles(吹泡泡) in her bedtime milk. “Act your age,” Aunt Augusta said loudly. It seemed that Aunt Augusta was a bit angry. When Mary’s mother came back into the room, Mary was quiet. “Are you OK?” asked her mother. “Yes,” said Mary. But she felt better when Aunt Augusta finished visiting them. The next day, Mary was playing ring-around-the-rosy with her five-year-old sister, Grace, and two of Grace’s friends on the playground. Just then, Mary's friend Julie came along. “You’d better act your age,” said Julie. “What will Sandra and Susan think?” Slowly, Mary said good-bye to Grace. She went with Julie to join their friends Sandra and Susan. The next day was a Saturday. Mary went to her grandparents' house for dinner. Before dinner, Mary’s grandparents and her parents played ring-around-the-rosy with Grace. Mary just watched. When they sat down to eat, Mary saw that her grandmother had made her lots of tasty food. She began to feel a little better. Then Aunt Augusta started talking about her fights with her next-door neighbor(邻居) . “...and yesterday I came home and found his dog burying a bone(埋骨头) right in the middle of my flowerbed! After the dog left, I dug up the bone, wrapped(包装) it, and put it in that man’s mailbox,” she said. “Oh, Augusta,” said Mary’s mom. “You should learn to act your age.” Mary laughed when she heard what her mom said. She kept laughing even though she tried to stop. Aunt Augusta finally got a smile on her face and said, “Well, I guess I should.” hopscotch The next afternoon, Mary was playing hopscotch with Grace when Julie walked by. “Hopscotch?” asked Julie. “You still play a baby game?” “Yes I do,” said Mary. For a while, Julie watched Mary and Grace playing. Then, quietly she asked, “May I play, too?” 28. When Aunt Augusta told Mary to act her age, Mary felt ________. A. unhappy B. lonely C. silly D. bored 29. Mary’s mom told Aunt Augusta to act her age, because Aunt Augusta ________. A. was too strict with Mary B. played a joke on her neighbor C. wasn’t kind to the neighbor’s dog D. didn’t like seeing kids play baby games 30. Mary’s story mainly tells us that ________. A. it is OK to act younger than your age sometimes B. acting younger stops you from growing up C. always acting your age is very important D. it’s a good idea to act like your friend C How many people have I met who have told me about the book they have been planning to write but have never yet found the time? Far too many. This is life, all right, but we do treat it like a rehearsal (排演) and, unhappily, we do miss so many of its best moments. We take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families, always making ourselves believe that this style of life is only a temporary (暂时的) state of affairs along the road to what we really want to do. Then, at 60 or 65, we are suddenly presented with a clock and several grandchildren and we look back and realize that all those years waiting for Real Life to come along were in fact real life. In America they have a saying much laughed at by the English “Have a nice day”. They speak slowly and seriously in their shops, hotels and sandwich bars. I think it is a wonderful phrase, reminding us, in effect, to enjoy the moment: to value this very day. How often do we say to ourselves, “I’ll take up horse-riding (or golf, or sailing) as soon as I get a higher position”, only to do none of those things when I do get the higher position. When I first became a reporter, I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and work for a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was surprised by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know. Now I am a little older and possibly wiser. I see the sense in it. In Fleet Street the man was under continual pressure. He lived in an unattractive London suburb and he spent much of his life sitting on Southern Region trains. 31. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________. A. we always try to find some time to write a book B. we always make plans but seldom finish them C. we always enjoy many of life’s best moments D. we always do what we really want to do 32. The underlined phrase “turn his back on” most probably means “________.” A. give up B. keep on C. try out D. look for 33. What is probably the best title for the passage? A. Find a Good Job B. Wait for Real Life C. Value This Very Day D. Get a Higher Position D Following the crowd (随大流) may not always be in a person’s best interest. However, a new study shows that teens who go along with their friends may become healthier as adults. Scientists have known that close friendships help improve health. People who do their own thing may experience unpleasant feelings and get sick. Those findings inspired Joseph Allen, a scientist, to look at teen behavior. Allen’s group noticed that experiences during teen years might influence adult health. Scientists interviewed 171 teens every year for five years starting at the age of 13. These teens became the focal (焦点的) teens in the study. They asked the focal teens about both positive and negative questions of friendship. The scientists also spoke to their closest friends. They asked the friends how likely the focal person was to follow the crowd, go along with the friends or keep on doing his or her own thing. They interviewed the same 171 people again when they grew up, at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. The scientists found a correlation (相互关系) between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Firstly, teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Secondly, teens who held back (抑制) their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults than those who shared feelings with a close friend. What’s more, the study found that teens who went along with what their friends wanted, instead of being independent, also were healthier in their twenties. The correlation held up (依然成立) even after the scientists included other possible influences on health, such as weight, family income and drug use. Study showed that such other things did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did. For those who wonder whether they should follow the crowd or not, now they have a legitimate (合理的) reason to say yes! 34. Scientists asked the focal teens ________. A. if they experienced unpleasant feelings B. if they always agreed with their friends C. about the things they kept on doing on their own D. about the positive and negative questions of friendship 35. What can we learn from the study? A. Expressing feelings to a close friend can be good for you. B. Other things can explain health as well as teen friendships. C. Being independent is better than working with friends. D. Teenagers shouldn’t follow the crowd and say no to others. 36. What is the best title for the passage? A. Teens and Growth B. Say Yes to Teens C. Friendship and Health D. Get along with Friends 37. Where can you probably read this passage? A. Science novel. B. Health report. C. Fashion magazine. D. Newspaper. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Around the world, about 450 million people are living with a mental (心理的) health problem right now. However, few people would like to talk about any mental health problem they have because they think it is a shame (羞耻). To bring attention to mental health problems and help people to solve those problems, World Mental Health (WMH) Day was first celebrated in 1992. Now, more and more people celebrate WMH Day on 10th October. It is important for us to look after our own mental health. Do you know how good exercise is for mental health? Doing exercise and spending time in nature can really help to deal with worries and depression (沮丧). So why not go for a walk in a park or the countryside? Your diet can also change how you feel. If you eat candies, cake, chocolate, etc., your blood sugar will rise and fall, making you feel angry and tired. Make sure you eat enough vegetables and fruit, and you may feel good. It’s also important to drink enough water—being thirsty (口渴) can make it difficult to think clearly. Also, it’s good to spend time with other people. Talking to others and asking them for support can help to reduce (减少) the shame. World Mental Health Day encourages us to pay more attention to both our own mental health and other people’s. Anything you do on WMH Day will help us all to better understand and support people with mental health problems. 38. How many people are living with a mental health problem right now? __________________________________ 39. Why is it important to drink enough water? __________________________________ 40. What is the passage mainly about? __________________________________ 41. Please list at least two suggestions mentioned in the passage and give your opinion on the one you like. __________________________________ 文段表达（共10分） 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于80词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目① 42. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter在生活中遇到了一些困难，他感到十分困惑。他写信给你寻求帮助。现在请你给写一封回信，回答他的问题，并针对他的困惑提出合理建议。 Dear Li Hua, How is it going? I’m glad that I had your email yesterday. To tell you the truth, I feel stressed out at school these days. First, I study hard, but I still can’t get good grades. Then, I don’t sleep well at night and I often have headaches and feel sleepy in class. Besides, my parents can’t understand me at all. They always think I’m wasting time. Sometimes I even argue with them. That makes us unhappy. I need your help now. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Peter Dear Peter, I am sorry to hear that ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours Li Hua 题目② 43. 责任感是一种注重自我培养和尽职尽责的品质，更是一种积极的影响力，并能为自己和他人带来幸福和成就感。 某英文网站正在开展以“责任担当”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你做过什么有担当、负责任的事，以及这样做的收获。 提示词语：take part in, hard, proud 提示问题： What did you do to be responsible? What have you learned from it? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京十一实验中学2023-2024学年初二年级第7学段 教与学诊断 英语学科 2024.04 学科班级________ 姓名________ 考生须知 1.本试卷共12页，共四部分，54道小题，满分100分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写姓名、所在学科班级。 3.试题答案一律书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题纸上，请用2B铅笔和黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，将答题纸交回，试卷自行保存。 听力理解（共26分） 一、听后选择（每题1.5分，共9 分） 听对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，请从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 请听下面一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。 1. How did the girl hurt herself? A. She fell off her bike. B. She fell off a wall. B. She fell down the stairs. 2. What does the boy offer to do for the girl? A. Ask for time off for her. B. Help her with her studies. C. Take her to see a doctor. 请听下面一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. Which subject did the boy do badly in? A. Math. B. English. C. Chinese. 4. Who will the boy ask for help? A. His sister. B. His parents. C. His teacher. 请听下面一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5 What do we learn about the speaker from the talk? A. She saved a little boy. B. She sent the little boy to the hospital. C. She forgot to warm up before swimming. 6. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To invite people to a pool party. B. To share her unforgettable experience. C. To teach people how to get help in a pool. 二、听后回答（每题2分，共10分） 听对话，根据对话内容笔头回答问题。每段对话你将听两遍。 7. Who did the boy raise money for? ___________________________________ 8. Where will the boy go this weekend? ___________________________________ 9. What was the woman doing when the storm came? ___________________________________ 请听一段对话，完成第10至11小题。 10. When did the boy finish his homework? ___________________________________ 11. What chores will the boy do first? ___________________________________ 三、听后转写（共1题，7分） 听短文，请根据所听内容和思维导图中的提示信息，写出短文主要内容。请注意语法正确语意连贯。短文开头已经给出，短文你将听两遍。 I’ve got some information about ________________________________________________________________ 知识运用（共28分） 四、单项填空（每题1分，共10分） 从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mary is old enough to take care of ________. A. I B. me C. my D. herself 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：玛丽已经足够大了，可以照顾自己了。 考查代词辨析。I我；me我；my我的；herself她自己。根据“Mary is old enough to take care of”可知她可以照顾她自己，用反身代词。故选D。 2. You should spend much more time ________ your study. A. in B. on C. at D. with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该在你的学习上花费更多的时间。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；at在；with和，用。“spend time on sth.”是固定短语，意为“在某事上花费时间”。这里表示在学习上花费时间，所以用介词“on”。故选B。 3. They should eat more vegetables ________ they can be healthier. A. so that B. until C. although D. while 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们应该多吃蔬菜，这样他们就可以更健康。 考查连词辨析。so that以便；until直到；although尽管；while当……时候。根据“They should eat more vegetables...they can be healthier.”可知，多吃蔬菜是为了更健康，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 4. It’s windy outside now. ________ Mary nor I want to go shopping. A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：现在外面刮风了。我和玛丽都不想去购物。 考查连词辨析。both两者都；either两个中的任何一个；none都不，指三个或者三个以上都不；neither两者都不。根据“It’s windy outside now”和“...Mary nor I”可知，此处是固定搭配neither…nor“既不……也不”，表示我和玛丽都不想去购物，故选D。 5. —________ you please clean the house, Tom? Your grandma is coming here. —Sure, no problem. A. Could B. Should C. Must D. May 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能打扫一下房子吗？你奶奶要来这里。——当然，没问题。 考查情态动词。Could能，礼貌地请求别人做事）；Should应该；Must必须；May可能。根据“…you please clean the house, Tom?”和答语“Sure, no problem.”可知，此处是礼貌地请求别人帮忙，应用委婉语气，主语是you，所以用could。故选A。 6. My mother wants me ________ every morning. She says it’s good for my health. A. drink tea B. drink milk C. to drink tea D. drinking milk 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妈妈要我每天早上喝茶。她说这对我的健康有好处。 考查动词不定式。drink tea喝茶（原形）；drink milk喝牛奶（原形）；to drink tea喝茶（不定式）；drinking milk喝茶（动名词/现在分词）。根据“wants”可知，固定搭配want sb to do sth表示“想要某人做某事”，此空用动词不定式作宾语，因此填to drink tea。故选 C。 7. Now I am used to ________ breakfast at school because it is convenient. A. have B. has C. having D. had 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：现在我习惯在学校吃早餐，因为这样很方便。 考查非谓语动词。“be used to doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“习惯做某事”，其中“to”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式。所以这里用“have”的动名词形式“having”。故选C。 8. If you want to make friends, you have to ________ well with others. A. go on B. get on C. go up D. get up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你想交朋友，你必须和别人相处得很好。 考查动词短语辨析。go on继续；get on with与……友好相处；go up增长；get up起床。根据“If you want to make friends, you have to …well with others”可知，如果想与别人交朋友，就要和别人相处得好，故选B。 9. I ________ my mom do the dishes when Jimmy called in at eight last night. A. help B. helped C. will help D. was helping 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚八点Jimmy来访时，我正在帮妈妈洗碗。 考查过去进行时。根据“when Jimmy called in at eight last night.”可知描述的是昨晚八点正在发生的动作，因此句子应用过去进行时。故选D。 10. ________ ask your parents for help when you don’t know how to solve the problems? A. Why not you B. Why don’t you C. How about D. What about 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你不知道如何解决这些问题时，你为什么不向你的父母求助呢？ 考查特殊疑问句。Why not you表述错误；Why don’t you你为什么不，后跟动词原形；How about……怎么样，后跟动名词；What about……怎么样，后跟动名词。空后是动词原形ask，所以用Why don’t you...来表示建议。故选B。 五、选词填空（每题1分，共6分） 阅读下面的短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使内容完整、语意连贯。 pressure, push, be, could, important, for These days, many parents ____11____ their children into learning more skills. They believe it helps their kids to better compete in life. However, such a busy life can place great ____12____ on students. The Taylors are a typical American family. Life ____13____ Cathy Taylor’s three children is very busy. Cathy says, “I take them to different interest classes after school. Maybe I ____14____ cut out a few of their activities, but I believe they are ____15____ for their future. I really want them ____16____ successful!” 【答案】11. push 12. pressure 13. for 14. could 15. important 16. to be 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了现代父母过度安排孩子学习各种技能的现象及其影响。 【11题详解】 句意：如今，许多父母都督促他们的孩子学习更多技能。根据“These days, many parents...their children into learning more skills.”以及备选词可知，push sb. into doing sth.表示“督促某人做某事”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语parents是复数，所以这里用push的原形。故填push。 【12题详解】 句意：然而，这样忙碌的生活可能会给学生带来巨大的压力。根据“such a busy life can place great...on students”以及备选词可知，这里应是表示“压力”，pressure是不可数名词，place great pressure on表示“给……带来巨大压力”。故填pressure。 【13题详解】 句意：凯西·泰勒三个孩子的生活非常忙碌。根据“Life...Cathy Taylor’s three children is very busy.”以及备选词可知，这里表示“对于凯西·泰勒的三个孩子来说”，用介词for。故填for。 【14题详解】 句意：也许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但我相信这些活动对他们的未来很重要。根据“Maybe I...cut out a few of their activities”以及备选词可知，这里表示“可以”，用could表示一种可能性，符合语境。故填could。 【15题详解】 句意：也许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但我相信这些活动对他们的未来很重要。根据“but I believe they are...for their future”以及备选词可知，这里表示“重要的”，be important for表示“对……重要”。故填important。 【16题详解】 句意：我真的希望他们成功！根据“I really want them...successful!”以及备选词可知，want sb. to do sth. 表示“想要某人做某事”，这里用be动词的原形be，be successful表示“成功”。故填to be。 六、完形填空（每题1.5分，共12分） When you hear the word hero, you may think of someone like Mahatma Gandhi or but they do what they can to help ___17___ people’s lives as well. Everyday heroes are normal people who are working to make the world a better place. Among them is Robert Lee. Lee grew up in New York City. As his family was not rich, he learned from a young age the importance of ___18___ the waste of food. When in college, he was part of a student group that gave out leftover (剩余的) food to ___19___ people. This experience make him realize how serious the problem of food wastage actually was. After he left university, Lee and a friend set up an organization called Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC). Its purpose is to ___20___ unsold food from restaurants and send it for free to shelters (收容所) and food kitchens. Volunteers pick up the food from restaurants around the city and hand it out to those in need. RLC operates simply. Using an app developed by Lee’s team,___21___ report how much leftover food they have each day. Then volunteers are sent to fetch it. The distance is usually short, so volunteers can just do their deliveries (递送) by walking from the restaurants to the shelters. Lee believes this is a quick way of delivery. So far, Lee and his team have successfully ___22___ over 150,000 kilograms of food, serving almost 300,000 meals to people who need them, Lee has shown that a ___23___ action can help people around us greatly. It may have a greater influence than we imagine. When Lee is asked what his next plan is, he says there is still a lot to do. “It’s just the ___24___. With more restaurants, who knows how much more we can do?” 17. A. record B. respect C. improve D. manage 18. A. storing B. avoiding C. burning D. recycling 19. A. sick B. blind C. lonely D. homeless 20. A. collect B. cook C. research D. receive 21. A. volunteers B. organizations C. restaurants D. universities 22. A. heated B. saved C. lent D. grown 23. A. small B. secret C. direct D. sudden 24. A. need B. time C. promise D. beginning 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，短文主语讲述了Lee从小就知道避免浪费食物的重要性，大学毕业后，和小伙伴一起建立一个组织来把餐厅卖剩下的食物免费送给无家可归的人，这个小小的举动极大程度上帮助了很多有需要的人。 【17题详解】 句意：当你听到英雄这个词时，你可能会想到圣雄甘地这样的人，但他们也尽自己所能帮助改善人们的生活。 record记录；respect尊重；improve提高；manage经营，管理。根据上文“When you hear the word hero, you may think of someone like Mahatma Gandhi or but they do what they can to help…”可知，此处是指他们尽其所能帮助改善人们的生活。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：由于他的家庭并不富裕，他从小就知道避免浪费食物的重要性。 storing贮存；avoiding避免；burning燃烧；recycling回收。根据上文“As his family was not rich”及下文“This experience make him realize how serious the problem of food wastage actually was.”可知，此处是指从小就懂得避免浪费食物的重要性。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：上大学时，他是一个学生团体的成员，该团体向无家可归的人分发剩余食物。 sick生病的；blind盲目的；lonely可爱的；homeless无家可归的。根据“When in college, he was part of a student group that gave out leftover (剩余的) food to…people.”可知，此处应该是该团体向无家可归的人分发剩余食物。故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：其目的是从餐馆收集未售出的食物，并将其免费送到收容所和食品厨房。 collect收集；cook烹饪；research研究；receive收到。根据后文“…unsold food from restaurants and send it for free to shelters (收容所) and food kitchens.”可知，此处应该是收集未售出的食物。故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：使用Lee的团队开发的应用程序，餐馆报告他们每天有多少剩余食物。 volunteers志愿者；organizations组织；restaurants餐馆；universities大学。根据下文“…report how much leftover food they have each day.”可知，此处是指餐馆报告每天有多少剩余食物。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：到目前为止，Lee和他的团队已经成功节省了超过15万公斤的食物，为有需要的人提供了近30万份食物。Lee已经证明，一个小小的行动可以大大帮助我们周围的人。 heated讨厌；saved节省；lent借出；grown长大。根据“So far, Lee and his team have successfully…over 150,000 kilograms of food, serving almost 300,000 meals to people who need them…”可知，此处应该是Lee和他的团队已经成功节省了超过15万公斤的食物。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：到目前为止，Lee和他的团队已经成功节省了超过15万公斤的食物，为有需要的人提供了近30万份食物。Lee已经证明，一个小小的行动可以大大帮助我们周围的人。 small小的；secret秘密；direct直接的；sudden突然的。根据后文“…action can help people around us greatly.”可知，此处应该是一个小小的行动可以大大帮助我们周围的人。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：它只是开始。 need需要；time时间；promise承诺；beginning开始。根据前文“When Lee is asked what his next plan is, he says there is still a lot to do.”和后文“With more restaurants, who knows how much more we can do?”可推测出，此处应该是它只是开始。故选D。 阅读理解（共36分） 七、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（每题2分，共26分） A 阅读下列几则建议，请根据人物的问题匹配最合适的建议，并将建议所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Eat Berries Berries are healthy fruit with lots of nutrients. If you want to improve your memory, a handful of blueberries a day could help you think and understand things very quickly. Try to eat some berries in your daily life. B. Go Outdoors Don’t spend much time chatting online or playing video games. You may think it is a way to relax, but scientists have found that it may be harmful to you. It is time to put down your mobile phones and go outdoors. C. Relax Yourself You should learn to balance (平衡) study with enough rest. Spend some time having fun and relaxing yourself, such as reading books, drawing pictures, or watching a good movie. After a short break, you could study better. D. Speak up Speaking up in class might be difficult, but it helps to make you feel more confident (自信的). Don’t be afraid. It’s okay if you give the wrong answer. Your classmates won’t really care. ____25____ I am afraid to share my ideas in front of the class. ____26____ I study hard all the time and I am easy to feel tired and nervous. ____27____ I like having healthy food and I want to improve my memory. 【答案】25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要针对不同人物在学习、生活中的问题提供了相应的建议，介绍了吃浆果、户外活动、放松自己、课堂发言等建议对人们的帮助，并和人物需求进行匹配。 【25题详解】 根据“Jenny: I am afraid to share my ideas in front of the class.”和“D. Speak up Speaking up in class might be difficult, but it helps to make you feel more confident(自信的). Don’t be afraid.”可知，Jenny害怕在全班同学面前分享自己的想法，建议D鼓励在课堂上大声发言，克服恐惧，增强自信，二者匹配。故选D。 26题详解】 根据“Tom: I study hard all the time and I am easy to feel tired and nervous.”和“C. Relax Yourself You should learn to balance (平衡) study with enough rest. Spend some time having fun and relaxing yourself”可知，Tom一直努力学习，容易感到疲惫和紧张，建议C强调要平衡学习和休息，放松自己，与Tom的问题相符。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据“I like having healthy food and I want to improve my memory.”和“A. Eat Berries Berries are healthy fruit with lots of nutrients. If you want to improve your memory, a handful of blueberries a day could help you think and understand things very quickly.”可知，此人喜欢健康食物且想提高记忆力，建议A提到浆果富含营养，吃蓝莓有助于提高记忆力，符合需求。故选A。 B Act Your Age ring-around-the-rosy Mary was blowing bubbles(吹泡泡) in her bedtime milk. “Act your age,” Aunt Augusta said loudly. It seemed that Aunt Augusta was a bit angry. When Mary’s mother came back into the room, Mary was quiet. “Are you OK?” asked her mother. “Yes,” said Mary. But she felt better when Aunt Augusta finished visiting them. The next day, Mary was playing ring-around-the-rosy with her five-year-old sister, Grace, and two of Grace’s friends on the playground. Just then, Mary's friend Julie came along. “You’d better act your age,” said Julie. “What will Sandra and Susan think?” Slowly, Mary said good-bye to Grace. She went with Julie to join their friends Sandra and Susan. The next day was a Saturday. Mary went to her grandparents' house for dinner. Before dinner, Mary’s grandparents and her parents played ring-around-the-rosy with Grace. Mary just watched. When they sat down to eat, Mary saw that her grandmother had made her lots of tasty food. She began to feel a little better. Then Aunt Augusta started talking about her fights with her next-door neighbor(邻居) . “...and yesterday I came home and found his dog burying a bone(埋骨头) right in the middle of my flowerbed! After the dog left, I dug up the bone, wrapped(包装) it, and put it in that man’s mailbox,” she said. “Oh, Augusta,” said Mary’s mom. “You should learn to act your age.” Mary laughed when she heard what her mom said. She kept laughing even though she tried to stop. Aunt Augusta finally got a smile on her face and said, “Well, I guess I should.” hopscotch The next afternoon, Mary was playing hopscotch with Grace when Julie walked by. “Hopscotch?” asked Julie. “You still play a baby game?” “Yes, I do,” said Mary. For a while, Julie watched Mary and Grace playing. Then, quietly she asked, “May I play, too?” 28. When Aunt Augusta told Mary to act her age, Mary felt ________. A. unhappy B. lonely C. silly D. bored 29. Mary’s mom told Aunt Augusta to act her age, because Aunt Augusta ________. A. was too strict with Mary B. played a joke on her neighbor C. wasn’t kind to the neighbor’s dog D. didn’t like seeing kids play baby games 30. Mary’s story mainly tells us that ________. A. it is OK to act younger than your age sometimes B. acting younger stops you from growing up C. always acting your age is very important D. it’s a good idea to act like your friend 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了玛丽的故事。她听到了三次“表现出与年龄相称的样子”，但她每次的反应都不一样。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“When Mary’s mother came back into the room, Mary was quiet. ‘Are you OK?’ asked her mother. ‘Yes,’ said Mary. But she felt better when Aunt Augusta finished visiting them.”（当玛丽的妈妈回到房间时，玛丽很安静。“你没事吧？”她妈妈问。“是的，”玛丽说。但是当奥古斯塔阿姨拜访完他们后，她感觉好多了。）可推知，当奥古斯塔阿姨叫玛丽表现出与年龄相称的样子时，她不高兴。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“After the dog left, I dug up the bone, wrapped(包装) it, and put it in that man’s mailbox”（狗走后，我把骨头挖出来，包好，放进那个人的邮箱里）和“‘Oh, Augusta,’ said Mary’s mom. ‘You should learn to act your age.’”（“哦，奥古斯塔，”玛丽的妈妈说。“你应该学会表现与年龄相称的样子。”）可知，妈妈这样说是因为阿姨捉弄了邻居。故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文中“For a while, Julie watched Mary and Grace playing. Then, quietly she asked, ‘May I play, too?’”（有一会儿，朱莉看着玛丽和格雷斯玩耍。然后，她悄悄地问：“我也可以吗？”）及通读全文，可知主要说的是玛丽的故事。她听到了三次“表现出与年龄相称的样子”，但她每次的反应都不一样。可知，有时表现得比你的年龄年轻是可以的。故选A。 C How many people have I met who have told me about the book they have been planning to write but have never yet found the time? Far too many. This is life, all right, but we do treat it like a rehearsal (排演) and, unhappily, we do miss so many of its best moments. We take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families, always making ourselves believe that this style of life is only a temporary (暂时的) state of affairs along the road to what we really want to do. Then, at 60 or 65, we are suddenly presented with a clock and several grandchildren and we look back and realize that all those years waiting for Real Life to come along were in fact real life. In America they have a saying much laughed at by the English “Have a nice day”. They speak slowly and seriously in their shops hotels and sandwich bars. I think it is a wonderful phrase, reminding us, in effect, to enjoy the moment: to value this very day. How often do we say to ourselves, “I’ll take up horse-riding (or golf, or sailing) as soon as I get a higher position”, only to do none of those things when I do get the higher position. When I first became a reporter, I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and work for a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was surprised by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know. Now I am a little older and possibly wiser. I see the sense in it. In Fleet Street the man was under continual pressure. He lived in an unattractive London suburb and he spent much of his life sitting on Southern Region trains. 31. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________. A. we always try to find some time to write a book B. we always make plans but seldom finish them C. we always enjoy many of life’s best moments D. we always do what we really want to do 32. The underlined phrase “turn his back on” most probably means “________.” A. give up B. keep on C. try out D. look for 33. What is probably the best title for the passage? A. Find a Good Job B. Wait for Real Life C. Value This Very Day D. Get a Higher Position 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要告诉读者要在生活中珍惜每一天，享受每一天，要去做自己想做的事情。 31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“How many people have I met who have told me about the book they have been planning to write but have never yet found the time”可知，有太多人计划写一本书，但是没有时间，也就是总是做计划，但是很少完成它们，故选B。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“When I first became a reporter, I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and work for a small weekly newspaper.”及“How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area”可知，不明白怎么会有人会放弃一份体面的工作而选择了一份不起眼的工作，所以划线部分与gave up同义，故选A。 【33题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“This is life, all right, but we do treat it like a rehearsal (排演) and, unhappily, we do miss so many of its best moments”可知，作者通过本文让读者珍惜和享受每一天，所以适合本文的标题是C选项“珍惜今天”，故选C。 D Following the crowd (随大流) may not always be in a person’s best interest. However, a new study shows that teens who go along with their friends may become healthier as adults. Scientists have known that close friendships help improve health. People who do their own thing may experience unpleasant feelings and get sick. Those findings inspired Joseph Allen, a scientist, to look at teen behavior. Allen’s group noticed that experiences during teen years might influence adult health. Scientists interviewed 171 teens every year for five years starting at the age of 13. These teens became the focal (焦点的) teens in the study. They asked the focal teens about both positive and negative questions of friendship. The scientists also spoke to their closest friends. They asked the friends how likely the focal person was to follow the crowd, go along with the friends or keep on doing his or her own thing. They interviewed the same 171 people again when they grew up, at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. The scientists found a correlation (相互关系) between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Firstly, teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Secondly, teens who held back (抑制) their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults than those who shared feelings with a close friend. What’s more, the study found that teens who went along with what their friends wanted, instead of being independent, also were healthier in their twenties. The correlation held up (依然成立) even after the scientists included other possible influences on health, such as weight, family income and drug use. Study showed that such other things did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did. For those who wonder whether they should follow the crowd or not, now they have a legitimate (合理的) reason to say yes! 34. Scientists asked the focal teens ________. A. if they experienced unpleasant feelings B. if they always agreed with their friends C. about the things they kept on doing on their own D. about the positive and negative questions of friendship 35. What can we learn from the study? A. Expressing feelings to a close friend can be good for you. B. Other things can explain health as well as teen friendships. C. Being independent is better than working with friends. D. Teenagers shouldn’t follow the crowd and say no to others. 36. What is the best title for the passage? A. Teens and Growth B. Say Yes to Teens C. Friendship and Health D. Get along with Friends 37. Where can you probably read this passage? A. Science novel. B. Health report. C. Fashion magazine. D. Newspaper. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亲密友谊对健康的影响。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They asked the focal teens about both positive and negative questions of friendship.”可知，科学家询问了焦点青少年关于友谊的积极和消极问题。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Firstly, teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Secondly, teens who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults than those who shared feelings with a close friend. What’s more, the study found that teens who went along with what their friends wanted, instead of being independent, also were healthier in their twenties.”可知，研究表明首先，有亲密朋友的青少年长大后会成为更健康的成年人，其次，与那些与亲密朋友分享感情的青少年相比，压抑感情的青少年成年后更容易生病，更重要的是，研究发现，听从朋友的意愿而不是独立的青少年在20多岁时也更健康，可推测此项研究表示向亲密的朋友表达感情对你有好处。故选A。 【36题详解】 标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了亲密友谊对健康的影响，即友谊与健康。故选C。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了亲密友谊对健康的影响，即与健康有关，可推测我们可以从健康报道中读到此文章。故选B。 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Around the world, about 450 million people are living with a mental (心理的) health problem right now. However, few people would like to talk about any mental health problem they have because they think it is a shame (羞耻). To bring attention to mental health problems and help people to solve those problems, World Mental Health (WMH) Day was first celebrated in 1992. Now, more and more people celebrate WMH Day on 10th October. It is important for us to look after our own mental health. Do you know how good exercise is for mental health? Doing exercise and spending time in nature can really help to deal with worries and depression (沮丧). So why not go for a walk in a park or the countryside? Your diet can also change how you feel. If you eat candies, cake, chocolate, etc., your blood sugar will rise and fall, making you feel angry and tired. Make sure you eat enough vegetables and fruit, and you may feel good. It’s also important to drink enough water—being thirsty (口渴) can make it difficult to think clearly. Also, it’s good to spend time with other people. Talking to others and asking them for support can help to reduce (减少) the shame. World Mental Health Day encourages us to pay more attention to both our own mental health and other people’s. Anything you do on WMH Day will help us all to better understand and support people with mental health problems. 38. How many people are living with a mental health problem right now? __________________________________ 39. Why is it important to drink enough water? __________________________________ 40. What is the passage mainly about? __________________________________ 41. Please list at least two suggestions mentioned in the passage and give your opinion on the one you like. __________________________________ 【答案】38. About 450 million. 39. Because being thirsty can make it difficult to think clearly. 40. Why World Mental Health Day is celebrated and some advice on solving mental health problems. 41. Exercise and spend time in nature. Eat a healthy diet. (言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了为什么庆祝世界精神卫生日，以及解决精神卫生问题的一些建议。 【38题详解】 根据第一段中“Around the world, about 450 million people are living with a mental (心理的) health problem right now.”可知，全球约有4.5亿人有心理健康问题。故填About 450 million. 【39题详解】 根据第四段中“It’s also important to drink enough water—being thirsty (口渴) can make it difficult to think clearly.”可知，因为口渴会让人难以清晰思考。故填Because being thirsty can make it difficult to think clearly. 【40题详解】 通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了为什么庆祝世界精神卫生日，以及解决精神卫生问题的一些建议。故填Why World Mental Health Day is celebrated and some advice on solving mental health problems. 【41题详解】 开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。故填Exercise and spend time in nature. Eat a healthy diet. 文段表达（共10分） 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于80词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目① 42. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter在生活中遇到了一些困难，他感到十分困惑。他写信给你寻求帮助。现在请你给写一封回信，回答他的问题，并针对他的困惑提出合理建议。 Dear Li Hua, How is it going? I’m glad that I had your email yesterday. To tell you the truth, I feel stressed out at school these days. First, I study hard, but I still can’t get good grades. Then, I don’t sleep well at night and I often have headaches and feel sleepy in class. Besides, my parents can’t understand me at all. They always think I’m wasting time. Sometimes I even argue with them. That makes us unhappy. I need your help now. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Peter Dear Peter, I am sorry to hear that ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考例文 Dear Peter, I’m sorry to hear that you have some problems with your life. It’s common to have them as a teenager. I’ll give you some suggestions and hope they can help you. First of all, you should calm down and have a peaceful communication with your parents. I think your parents will understand you and take you to the hospital. As for your study, you should ask your teachers for some effective ways of learning. Don’t give up. You are sure to make great progress if you have a second try. I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第二人称为主。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表示对于对方有这么多问题的同情； 第二步，具体给出你的建议； 第三步，最后表达你的希望。 [亮点词汇] ①calm down冷静下来 ②as for至于 ③make great progress取得巨大进步 [高分句型] ①I think your parents will understand you and take you to the hospital. (省略that的宾语从句；and并列句) ②You are sure to make great progress if you have a second try. (if引导的条件状语从句) 题目② 43. 责任感是一种注重自我培养和尽职尽责的品质，更是一种积极的影响力，并能为自己和他人带来幸福和成就感。 某英文网站正在开展以“责任担当”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你做过什么有担当、负责任的事，以及这样做的收获。 提示词语：take part in, hard, proud 提示问题： What did you do to be responsible? What have you learned from it? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Responsibility is a valuable quality. I have understood it deeply through my own experience. Before the sports meeting last year, there was no one to take part in the 1,500-metre running, because it’s too hard to finish. But there must be someone to take up the challenge for the honour of the class. I decided to take part in the race. I trained hard the next few weeks. Finally, I got a bronze medal! I felt so proud of myself. Taking up responsibility not only means doing good for others, but also means making myself stronger. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时和一般过去时”为主； ③提示：根据提示要点介绍自己生活中做过什么有担当、负责任的事，以及这样做的收获，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，重点突出。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出主题，介绍责任是一种可贵的品质引出自己的一次经历； 第二步，具体介绍做过的有担当、负责任的事； 第三步，表达从中的收获。 [亮点词汇] ①take part in参加 ②the honour of……的荣誉 ③decide to do sth决定做某事 [高分句型] ①Before the sports meeting last year, there was no one to take part in the 1,500-metre running, because it’s too hard to finish. (because引导原因状语从句) ②Taking up responsibility not only means doing good for others, but also means making myself stronger. (not only ... but also连接的并列句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$