精品解析：浙江省杭州市文晖实验学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中诊断英语试题

杭州市文晖实验学校2023学年第二学期期中诊断试题卷八年级英语 2024年04月 第I卷 一、听力理解（略） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题。每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，或用英语回答问题（请注意小题后的词数要求） A There was a car accident at 3:30 yesterday afternoon. Some policemen arrived there. They found some witnesses (目击者) in the street when the accident happened. The policemen asked them some questions. Here are their answers. Witnesses Description (描述) Mr. Green I was walking along the street when the car accident happened. The white car hit the black car and the white car ran away quickly. Mrs. Mason When the car accident happened, I was shopping in the store. I remembered the car number of the white car. Alice I was calling my parents when the car accident happened. I was so nervous and I forgot to write down the car number. George I was walking my dog along the street. When I saw it, I called the police at once. There were lots of people around them. 1. Who was shopping when the accident happened? A. Mr. Green. B. Mrs. Mason. C. Alice. D. George. 2. How many witnesses (目击者) were walking along the street when the accident happened? A. one B. two C. three D. four 3. After reading the passage, we can know ________. A. the drivers of the two cars B. the time of the accident C. the jobs of the witnesses D. the weather of the day 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇警察就一起车祸所做的笔录，主要讲述了四个目击者对车祸的描述。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When the car accident happened, I was shopping in the store.”可知当事故发生的时候，Mrs. Mason正在购物，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据图表“Mr. Green I was walking along the street when the car accident happened. ”及“George I was walking my dog along the street. ”可知当事故发生时走在街上的目击者数量一共两个，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There was a car accident at 3:30 yesterday afternoon”可知从文中我们可以知道车祸发生的时间，故选B。 B One day, Frank was walking with his mother outside. When they came to a pretty garden, he called to his mother and said, “Mother, I wish I could open the gate and walk in.” The gardener, being near, heard what Frank said, and kindly invited him and his mother to come into the garden. Frank’s mother thanked the man. Turning to her son, she said, “Frank, if I take you to walk in this garden, you must take care not to mess up anything in it.” Frank walked along the way and looked at everything, but touched nothing. He was careful that his clothes should not brush the tops of the flowers in case he might break them. Because Frank was so careful not to make trouble, the gardener showed him the seeds with joy and told him what the flowers and plants were. While Frank was enjoying the beauty of a flower, a boy came to the gate. Finding it closed, he shook it hard. But it would not open. Then he said, “Let me in. Let me in. Will you not let me in this garden?” “No, said the gardener. I will not let you in, for when I let you in yesterday, you messed up my flowers, and even picked some fruit. I do not let boys into my garden who messed up the plants.” Ashamed, the boy walked away slowly. Seeing this, Frank felt how much happier a boy may be by not messing up what does not belong to him. 4. How did Frank and his mother go into the garden? A. Frank opened the gate and walked in. B. Frank’s mother opened the gate and walked in. C. A boy opened the gate and let them in. D. The gardener opened the gate and let them in. 5. How did the gardener feel with Frank? A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Angry. D. Bored. 6. What happened to the other boy last? A. He walks into the garden. B. He walked away. C. He played with Frank. D. He messed up the garden. 7. What lesson might Frank learn from the other boy? A Don’t compare yourself to others. B. Being polite is very important. C. Never believe in a little boy. D. We can’t touch things which belong to us. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个男孩弗兰克在花园里的经历。弗兰克从中认识到了不弄乱别人的东西可以让人更加快乐。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The gardener, being near, heard what Frank said, and kindly invited him and his mother to come into the garden.” 可知，花园管理员打开门让他们进来。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Because Frank was so careful not to make trouble, the gardener showed him the seeds with joy and told him what the flowers and plants were.” 可知，花园管理员对弗兰克很满意。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ashamed , the boy walked away slowly.”可知，这个男孩走开了。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Seeing this, Frank felt how much happier a boy may be by not messing up what does not belong to him.” 可知，弗兰克学到了举止有礼是很重要的。故选B。 C Walking slowly out of the classroom by himself to the dining room; taking his lunch; sitting and eating alone at a table of four seats, such moments are pretty normal to be seen on the14-year-old schoolboy, Peter. He spends most of his school time on his own, which leads his parents to worry about him so much. His parents’ worries are easy to understand. It is widely accepted that being alone is a symbol of being left out and can bring a lot of trouble. Most people believe teenagers who are usually alone do have few friends and are unable to fit in with other people. At the same time, they are at greater risk of having mental (心理的) problems. However, a new study by some researchers at Wilmington College, shows that this may not always be true. Whether it is bad for teenagers or not depends on the reasons why teenagers are alone. If it is their choice, it may play an active role in their personal growth. According to their study, when teenagers choose to think alone, they put 100% of their attention into what is in their mind and are more likely to experience deeper thoughts and feelings than working with others. They may have a greater chance to create something new. In this way they can better develop their creativity (创造力). On the other hand, the on-going noise children’s brains receive every day can put great stress on them and make it hard for them to focus (专注). Being alone lets them shut themselves of from the noisy outside world and think about what’s best for them. Slowly they improve their ability to focus. As a matter of fact, our culture is always biased (偏见的) against being alone. Maybe it is the right time for us to rethink about Peter’s situation before we say what’s happening to him. 8. According to the study by the researchers, being alone ________. A. is often a symbol of loneliness B. never causes problems C. always improves teenagers’ focus D. may develop teenagers’ creativity 9. The writer starts the passage by ________. A. comparing two different opinions B. giving an example C. asking a question D. describing the main character 10. We can infer from this passage that ________. A. choosing to be alone is a symbol of being left out B. Peter spends most of his school time alone C. Peter usually spends his time alone to improve his focus D. more people will have a deeper understanding of being alone in the future 11. Which of the following shows the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①-Para1; ②-Para 2; ③-Para 3; ④-Para 4; ⑤-Para 5; ⑥-Para 6) A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④/⑤/⑥ C. ①/②/③④⑤/⑥ D. ①/②/③④⑤⑥ 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了独处一直在人们眼里是不好的，但最新的研究发现独处并不是坏事，如果主动选择独处，那么独处会在这个人的成长中发挥积极作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“when teenagers choose to think alone, they put 100% of their attention ... In this way they can better develop their creativity (创造力).”可知，根据研究，独处可能能培养青少年的创造力。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Walking slowly out of the classroom by himself to the dining room ... He spends most of his school time on his own, which leads his parents to worry about him so much.”可知，作者通过举例来开始本文的。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybe it is the right time for us to rethink about Peter’s situation before we say what’s happening to him.（也许现在是时候重新考虑彼得的处境在我们说他发生了什么之前。）”可推知，将来会有更多的人对独处有更深刻的理解。故选D。 【11题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是用彼得的例子引出话题；第二段是阐述大多数人对独处的看法；第三、四、五段是介绍最新的研究发现独处有很多好处；第六段是总结全文。综上正确的结构为①/②/③④⑤/⑥。故选C。 D Have you grown taller and stronger? On Sept. 3, 2021, the Ministry of Education brought out the results of the eighth national health survey for students from primary school through collage and university. The survey comes out every five years. This year’s survey showed Chinese students’ general (总的) health and fitness have improved since 2014. Among all age groups, the rate for middle school students in good health. saw the biggest rise, up by 5.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2019. Their height, weight have all increased. For example, the height of boys and girls increased 1.69cm and 0. 97cm respectively (分别地) in the age group of 13 to 15. There was also a rise in speed and lung capacity (肺量) among teenagers aged 13 to 15. The lung capacity of boys increased 209.7ml, and that of girls increased 187.2ml. Girls running in the 800m race improved by 4.49 seconds, while boys improved by 6.50 seconds in the 1000m race. Wang Dengfeng from the Ministry of Education said that the education policies (政策) led to the improvement. “These policies have helped students get more physical exercise,” he said. 12. According to the survey, we know ________. A. there are more fat students now B. young students are as tall as grown-ups C. students’ health has improved D. children from 2014 to 2019 were born 13. What do we know about teenagers’ speed and lung capacity? ① Boys were more healthier than girls. ② Both boys and girls did better at them than before. ③ Boys made greater progress in speed than girls. ④ Boys didn’t have problems with their health. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③ D. ②④ 14. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The difference between boys and girls. B. The results of the eighth national health survey. C. The changes of children’s bodies. D. The educational policies for improving health. 15. What does Wang Dengfeng want to tell us in the last paragraph?(no more than 15 words) _________________________________ 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. Education policies helped students exercise more and improve health. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，解读了教育部第八次全国学生体质健康调查结果：2014到2019年间，中国青少年身高、体重、肺活量及跑步速度显著提升，初中生群体健康改善最明显。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese students’ general health and fitness have improved since 2014”可知，学生整体健康状况提升，故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“a rise in speed and lung capacity among teenagers”说明男女均进步，②正确； 根据“Girls running in the 800m race improved by 4.49seconds, while boys improved by 6.50 seconds in the 1000m race.”可知，女生800米提升4.49秒，男生1000米提升6.50秒，男生速度进步更大，③正确。故选B。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕第八次全国学生健康调查结果展开（身高、体重、肺活量、速度等数据），故选B。 【15题详解】 根据末段“education policies...students get more physical exercise...led to the improvement”可知，教育政策帮助学生加强锻炼，改善健康状况。故填Education policies helped students exercise more and improve health. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。其中有一项是多余选项。 You probably know some basic facts about deserts (沙漠). For example, most people know that deserts are dry places where more water evaporates (蒸发) each year than falls even with heavy rain. However, there are many facts about deserts that you may not know. Reading the following may help you find out more about these unusual areas. ____16____ Most deserts have less than 10 inches of rain each year. However, in some deserts of South American, it is true that rain almost never falls. In one desert in Chile, no rain has fallen for 45 years in a row! All the rain falls within a single month! ____17____ Temperatures in deserts can reach above 37.8℃ during the day, but can fall below zero at night. Areas that are too cold for anything to grow are called “frigid deserts.” Other deserts are cold for long periods. The Gobi in Asia has icy temperatures for as long as six months at a time. ____18____ Although deserts can be low and flat some bare rocky hills and even mountains. Some also have lakes and plains covered with small rocks. Sand makes up only about 2 percent of North American deserts, 10 percent of the Sahara in northern Africa, and 30 percent of the Arabian Desert. ____19____ To survive in a dry decent environment plants and animals, including humans, must make some adaptation. Desert plants cannot grow too close together because each plant would not get enough water. Other animals stay in holes underground or rest in the shade during the heat of the day. ____20____ Deserts cover about one fifth of Earth’s land area. The largest desert in the world is the Sahara. The Sahara stretches from the Atlantic Ocean eastward to the Red Sea, spreading across parts of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan, Chad, Niger, Mali, and Mauritania. It covers an area about the size of the United States. A. There is still life in the desert. B. There are many deserts in the world. C. Some of deserts are very cold. D. Dry river beds are a common sight in many deserts. E. Not all deserts are flat and sandy. F. Little rain falls in the desert. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了关于沙漠的一些基本事实和特点。 【16题详解】 根据“Most deserts have less than 10 inches of rain each year. However, in some deserts of South American, it is true that rain almost never falls.”可知此处与沙漠降水量有关，选项F“沙漠里很少下雨。”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据“Temperatures in deserts can reach above 37.8℃ during the day, but can fall below zero at night.”可知此处与沙漠的温度有关，选项C“有些沙漠非常寒冷。”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“Although deserts can be low and flat some bare rocky hills and even mountains”可知此处与沙漠的地形有关，选项E“并非所有的沙漠都是平坦多沙的。”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据“To survive in a dry decent environment plants and animals, including humans, must make some adaptation.”可知，讲述动植物适应沙漠环境的生存策略，与沙漠中的生命相关，选项A“沙漠中仍然有生命。”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据“Deserts cover about one fifth of Earth’s land area. The largest desert in the world is the Sahara.”可知，此处与沙漠的分布面积有关，选项B“世界上有很多沙漠。”符合语境，故选B。 第四部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 通读下面短文，掌握大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。 Last summer holiday, I went to Xi’an with my family. We took part in a summer camp. We went to Xi’an with ___21___ Americans who were in the summer camp too. So I not only enjoyed my trip, but also ___22___ five new friends. ___23___ the first day of the trip, we visited the Terracotta Warriors (秦始皇兵马俑). They are one of the world’s eight wonders and a national treasure in China. It is said that it took 720, 000 ___24___ to build the Terracotta Warriors. To my great ___25___, there were thousands of warriors. I really couldn’t believe my ___26___. They looked serious and lively, which reminded me that how great our ancestors (祖先) were. ___27___ introducing the historical background of the Qin Dynasty (秦朝) to my foreign friends, they all lost themselves in my story. And I felt ___28___ of these great works. During the trip, I took many photos of my family and our foreign friends. We also learned ___29___ to make the warriors in person. On the second day, we rode bikes on the ancient City Wall of Xi’an. It ___30___ us about one and a half hours to cycle around it. We could ___31___ how big the city of Chang’an was in the ancient times after visiting. ___32___ we were tired, we felt quite happy. We enjoyed beautiful views as we cycled. ___33___ a wonderful experience it was! In the afternoon, we went to see how to make paper. We also made paper ___34___. The trip was really the ___35___ one ever for me! I not only visited a famous ancient capital, but also explained our history to my foreign friends. I made many great memories. This trip will always have a special place in my heart. 21. A. two B. three C. five D. six 22. A. saw B. made C. met D. found 23. A. In B. At C. For D. On 24. A. people B. person C. women D. children 25. A. joy B. surprise C. sadness D. worry 26. A. ears B. eyes C. voice D. nose 27. A. When B. Before C. After D. Since 28. A. sad B. upset C. nervous D. proud 29. A. why B. how C. what D. when 30. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 31. A. find B. imagine C. see D. hear 32. A. But B. And C. So D. Although 33. A. What B. How C. Why D. Which 34. A. us B. ourselves C. them D. themselves 35. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了去年暑假，作者去西安旅行的经历。 【21题详解】 句意：我们和五个也在夏令营的美国人去了西安。 two两个；three三个；five五个；six六个。根据“We went to Xi’an with…Americans who were in the summer camp too. So I not only enjoyed my trip, but also…five new friends.”可知，一起去夏令营的美国人有五个。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：所以我不仅享受了我的旅行，还交了五个新朋友。 saw看见；made制作；met遇见；found发现。根据“So I not only enjoyed my trip, but also…five new friends.”可知，此处指交了五个新朋友，make friends“交朋友”，动词短语。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：在旅行的第一天，我们参观了兵马俑。 In后接年/月/季节；At后接具体时刻；For后接一段时间；On后接具体某一天。根据“…the first day of the trip, we visited the Terracotta Warriors.”可知，在具体某一天，应用介词on。故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：据说建造兵马俑花了720, 000人。 people人们；person人，单数；women女人们；children儿童。根据“It is said that it took 720, 000…to build the Terracotta Warriors.”可知，此处指花了720, 000人，需用集合名词people。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：令我大吃一惊的是，竟然有成千上万的兵马俑。 joy欢乐；surprise惊讶；sadness悲伤；worry担心。根据“To my great…there were thousands of warriors.”可知，此处指让他感到惊讶。故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：我真的不敢相信我的眼睛。 ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；voice嗓音；nose鼻子。根据“I really couldn’t believe my…They looked serious and lively…”可知，此处指不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B。 【27题详解】 句意：在向我的外国朋友介绍了秦朝的历史背景之后，他们都沉浸在我的故事中。 When当……时候；Before在……之前；After在……之后；Since自从。根据“…introducing the historical background of the Qin Dynasty to my foreign friends, they all lost themselves in my story.”可知，此处指在介绍之后才沉浸在故事里。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：我为这些伟大的作品感到骄傲。 sad伤心的；upset沮丧的；nervous紧张的；proud骄傲的。根据“And I felt…of these great works.”可知，此处表达为这些伟大的作品感到骄傲。故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：我们也学会了如何亲自制造兵马俑。 why为什么；how如何；what什么；when何时。根据“We also learned…to make the warriors in person.”可知，此处指学会如何制造兵马俑。故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：我们花了大约一个半小时才绕着它转了一圈。 spent花费；cost花费；took花费；paid支付。根据“It…us about one and a half hours to cycle around it.”可知，主语为it时，应用took作谓语，符合结构it took sb time to do sth表达“花费了某人时间做某事”。故选C。 【31题详解】 句意：参观后，我们可以想象，在远古时代，长安城有多大。 find发现；imagine想象；see看见；hear听见。根据“We could…how big the city of Chang’an was in the ancient times after visiting.”可知，此处应表达“可以想象”。故选B。 【32题详解】 句意：虽然我们累了，但我们感到很高兴。 But但；And并且；So所以；Although尽管。根据“…we were tired, we felt quite happy.”可知，此处表达虽然我们累，但是我们感到很高兴。故选D。 【33题详解】 句意：这是多么美妙的经历啊！ What多么；How如何；Why为什么；Which哪一个。根据“…a wonderful experience it was!”可知，句子是一个感叹句，主语a wonderful experience为单数形式，因此应用what引导感叹句，符合结构what a+形容词+名词单数+主谓。故选A。 【34题详解】 句意：我们自己也做了纸。 us我们；ourselves我们自己；them他们；themselves他们自己。根据“In the afternoon, we went to see how to make paper. We also made paper…”可知，此处表达我们自己也做了纸，应用反身代词。故选B。 【35题详解】 句意：这次旅行对我来说确实是最好的一次旅行！ good好；well好，副词；better更好；best最好。根据空前the，此处需要最高级。故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 第四部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, Universe is a 2017 cartoon book written by Erin Entrada Kelly. It is told from the perspectives (观点) of four middle school students. The four students are quite different Virgil is ____36____ 11-year-old boy whose family comes from the Philippines. He only ____37____ (talk) to his pet, a guinea pig. Valencia, who is deaf, is smart, brave and interested ____38____ everything about nature. Tanaka is a girl who has a gift for reading stars. Her sister Gen, is always ____39____ (follow) her around. The four students are not friends ____40____ one of them gets caught in a well (水井). Chet Bullens is the ____41____ (big) bully (霸凌者) in the neighborhood. One day, he plays a trick on Virgil and his pet. He trap (困住) them at the bottom of a well. Valencia, Tanaka, and Gen then take an adventure and try ____42____ (they) best to save Virgil and his pet through smartness. courage, and a little help from the universe. In the end, the four become best friends. Sometimes your can really do what one cannot. Hello, Universe is about the ____43____ (friend) between four kids. Because of its beautiful and interesting stories, Hello, Universe ____44____ (win) Newbery Medal (“纽伯瑞奖”) in 2018, the highest award in the field of literature (文学) for ____45____ (child). 【答案】36. an 37. talks 38. in 39. following 40. until 41. biggest 42. their 43. friendship 44. won 45. children 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍小说《你好，宇宙》的核心内容：四位性格迥异的中学生因一次意外团结合作，最终建立了深厚友谊，故事强调“团结克服困难”及“差异成就互补”的主题。 【36题详解】 句意：Virgil是一个11岁的男孩，他的家庭来自菲律宾。根据“11-year-old”前需不定冠词表泛指，且“11”发音以元音开头，故填an。 【37题详解】 句意：他只和他的宠物，一只豚鼠说话。talk交谈，动词；根据“comes from”可知，整个故事是现在时态叙述的，所以这里应该用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填talks。 【38题详解】 句意：Valencia的耳朵听不见，她聪明、勇敢，对大自然的一切都很感兴趣。根据“interested...everything about nature.”可知，此处考查固定搭配“be interested in”，意为“对……感兴趣”，故填in。 【39题详解】 句意：她的姐姐Gen总跟在她身边。follow跟随，动词；根据“Her sister Gen, is always...her around.”可知，这里用现在进行时，结构是：be always doing sth.“总是做某事”，follow的现在分词是following。故填following。 【40题详解】 句意：这四个学生本来不是朋友，直到其中一个被困在井里。根据“The four students are not friends...one of them gets caught in a well.”可知，这里需要填入一个连词，表示“直到……才”或者“当……的时候”；结合上下文，应该是直到其中一个被困在井里，他们才成为朋友。所以应用“until”。故填until。 【41题详解】 句意：Chet Bullens是社区里最大的霸凌者。big大的，形容词；根据“Chet Bullens is the...bully”可知，前面有the，这里用形容词最高级，所以填big的最高级形式“biggest”，故填biggest。 【42题详解】 句意：Valencia，Tanaka和Gen随后踏上了一场冒险之旅，他们凭借智慧、勇气以及来自宇宙的一点帮助，竭尽全力去营救维吉尔和他的宠物。they他们，主格；根据“try...best to save”可知，这里考查固定短语try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，因为主语是Valencia, Tanaka, and Gen，复数，所以物主代词用their。故填their。 【43题详解】 句意：《你好，宇宙》讲述了四个孩子之间的友谊。friend朋友，名词；根据“about the...between four kids.”可知，这里表示“友谊”，friendship“友谊”，故填friendship。 【44题详解】 句意：由于其美丽且有趣的故事，《你好，宇宙》在 2018 年获得了纽伯瑞奖，这是儿童文学领域的最高奖项。win赢得，动词；根据“Hello, Universe...Newbery Medal in 2018”可知，这里需用动词的过去式，故填won。 【45题详解】 句意：由于其美丽且有趣的故事，《你好，宇宙》在 2018 年获得了纽伯瑞奖，这是儿童文学领域的最高奖项。child儿童，名词；根据“the highest award in the field of literature (文学) for...”可知，此处泛指儿童群体，用复数，故填children。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 notice member argue decision whatever 46. Don’t worry I’ll make the ________ my own. 47. He ________ with his friend when the rainstorm came. 48. Yu Boya ________ someone was listening to his music with eyes closed. 49. Just make yourself at home, and eat ________ you want. 50. Rose is one of the bravest ________ in her family. 【答案】46. decision 47. was arguing 48. noticed 49. whatever 50. members 【解析】 【46题详解】 句意：别担心，我会自己做决定的。根据“make the ... my own”以及备选词可知，make the decision为固定短语，意为“做决定”，符合语境。故填decision。 【47题详解】 句意：当暴风雨来临时，他正在和他的朋友争吵。根据“when the rainstorm came”以及备选词可知，argue with sb.表示“和某人争吵”，且此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，argue的现在分词是arguing。故填was arguing。 【48题详解】 句意：俞伯牙注意到有人正闭着眼睛听他的音乐。根据“Yu Boya...someone was listening to his music with eyes closed.”及备选词可知，这里指注意到有人听他的音乐，此处缺少谓语动词，notice表示“注意到”，句子描述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，notice的过去式是noticed。故填noticed。 【49题详解】 句意：就像在自己家一样，想吃什么就吃什么。根据“eat...you want”及备选词可知，whatever表示“无论什么”，引导宾语从句，在从句中作want的宾语，符合语境。故填whatever。 50题详解】 句意：罗斯是她家里最勇敢的成员之一。根据“one of the bravest...”及备选词可知，这里指最勇敢的成员之一，“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，member表示“成员”，其复数形式是members。故填members。 B.根据下列句子及所给的首字母或汉语意思，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 51. The girl looks unhappy. Let’s c________ her up by telling a joke. 【答案】(c)heer 【解析】 【详解】句意：女孩看起来很不高兴我们讲个笑话让她高兴起来吧。根据“Let’s c... her up by telling a joke.”可知，指讲个笑话让她高兴起来，cheer sb up“使某人高兴起来”，let’s do sth“让我们做某事”。故填(c)heer。 52. Thanks to those kind n________ in the hospital. The old man became better soon. 【答案】(n)urses 【解析】 【详解】句意：多亏了医院里那些好心的护士。这位老人很快就好了起来。根据“in the hospital, The old man became better soon”及首字母可知，此处是指医院的护士，nurse“护士”，those后跟名词复数形式。故填(n)urses。 53. Luckily, the bank l________ us enough money to buy a new house. 【答案】(l)ent 【解析】 【详解】句意：幸运的是，银行借给了我们足够的钱买一栋新房子。根据“Luckily, the bank...us enough money to buy a new house.”可知，此处指银行借给我们钱买房子，“借出”lend，句子时态为一般过去时，动词应使用过去式lent。故填(l)ent 54. Sorry, sir, we have no coffee. Would you like some tea i________? 【答案】(i)nstead 【解析】 【详解】句意：对不起，先生，我们没有咖啡了。你想喝点茶吗？根据“we have no coffee”可知，此处表示没有咖啡了，能不能用茶代替，instead意为“代替”。故填(i)nstead。 55. They were c________ shocked at the terrible news. 【答案】(c)ompletely 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们对这个可怕的消息感到十分震惊。结合首字母提示和题干可知，空格处应为副词，用于修饰形容词shocked，副词completely“彻底地”符合语境，故填(c)ompletely。 56. They found a lost ________ (登山者) safe and sound in a cave. 【答案】climber 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们在一个山洞里发现了一个失踪的登山者，安然无恙。climber“登山者”，可数名词；根据“a lost”可知，此处用名词单数。故填climber。 57. The artist looked at the finished painting with ________ (满足). 【答案】satisfaction 【解析】 【详解】句意：艺术家看着完成的画作，感到满足。with satisfaction“满意地”。故填satisfaction。 58. Sally ________ (躺) down on the playground as soon as she finished the 800-meter race. 【答案】lay 【解析】 【详解】 句意：莎莉一跑完800米赛跑就躺在了操场上。根据“she finished the 800-meter race”可知，时态为一般过去时，lie“躺”，是动词，过去式是lay。故填lay。  59. When people ________ (意识到) they feel the same pain, they begin to see how much we have in common. 【答案】realize 【解析】 【详解】句意：当人们意识到他们有同样的痛苦时，他们就会开始看到我们有多少共同之处。realize“意识到”，动词；根据“they feel the same pain”和“they begin to”可知，从句的时态也用一般现在时，且主语“people”是复数概念，此处用动词原形。故填realize。 60. ________ (覆盖着冰的) roads are a hidden danger to all the drivers. 【答案】Icy 【解析】 【详解】句意：覆盖着冰的路面对于开汽车的人来说是一个隐患。roads为名词，根据句意和句子结构可知，这里需要填形容词icy意为“覆盖着冰的，结满冰的”，此处为句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Icy。 第二节书面表达（共1题，满分20分） 61. 阅读对人成长的影响是巨大的。“腹有诗书气自华”，一本好书往往能改变人的一生。每年的4月23日是世界读书日(World Reading Day)，为此你想给同学们提一些养成阅读好习惯方面的建议。要点如下： How to develop good reading habits choose books you like carry a book with you ... 要求： 1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。 2.须包含图中所有要点，并至少再增加一条建议。 3.词数80左右。 4.不得使用真实姓名和校名等。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to Develop Good Reading Habits Reading plays a vital role in personal growth. As the saying goes, “Books polish the soul.” Here are some tips to help you build good reading habits. First, choose books you truly enjoy. If you love the topic, reading becomes fun instead of a task. Second, carry a book with you. Use spare moments, like waiting for a bus, to read a few pages. Third, set a daily reading goal, such as 20 minutes before bed. This helps you read consistently. Also, share your thoughts with friends. Joining a book club or discussing stories can deepen your understanding and keep you motivated. Remember, small steps lead to big changes. Start today, and let books light up your world! 【解析】 详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示的信息，并适当添加细节，突出写作重点。    [写作步骤]    第一步：表明目的，点明阅读的重要性；    第二步：介绍如何养成阅读的好习惯； 第三步：书写结语，发出阅读倡议。    [亮点词汇] ①plays a vital role in在……扮演重要角色 ②instead of代替 ③such as例如 [高分句型]    ①As the saying goes, “Books polish the soul.”（引用俗语） ②Joining a book club or discussing stories can deepen your understanding and keep you motivated.（动名词作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 杭州市文晖实验学校2023学年第二学期期中诊断试题卷八年级英语 2024年04月 第I卷 一、听力理解（略） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题。每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，或用英语回答问题（请注意小题后的词数要求） A There was a car accident at 3:30 yesterday afternoon. Some policemen arrived there. They found some witnesses (目击者) in the street when the accident happened. The policemen asked them some questions. Here are their answers. Witnesses Description (描述) Mr. Green I was walking along the street when the car accident happened. The white car hit the black car and the white car ran away quickly. Mrs. Mason When the car accident happened, I was shopping in the store. I remembered the car number of the white car. Alice I was calling my parents when the car accident happened. I was so nervous and I forgot to write down the car number. George I was walking my dog along the street. When I saw it, I called the police at once. There were lots of people around them. 1. Who was shopping when the accident happened? A. Mr. Green. B. Mrs. Mason. C. Alice. D. George. 2. How many witnesses (目击者) were walking along the street when the accident happened? A. one B. two C. three D. four 3. After reading the passage, we can know ________. A. the drivers of the two cars B. the time of the accident C. the jobs of the witnesses D. the weather of the day B One day, Frank was walking with his mother outside. When they came to a pretty garden, he called to his mother and said, “Mother, I wish I could open the gate and walk in.” The gardener, being near, heard what Frank said, and kindly invited him and his mother to come into the garden. Frank’s mother thanked the man. Turning to her son, she said, “Frank, if I take you to walk in this garden, you must take care not to mess up anything in it.” Frank walked along the way and looked at everything, but touched nothing. He was careful that his clothes should not brush the tops of the flowers in case he might break them. Because Frank was so careful not to make trouble, the gardener showed him the seeds with joy and told him what the flowers and plants were. While Frank was enjoying the beauty of a flower, a boy came to the gate. Finding it closed, he shook it hard. But it would not open. Then he said, “Let me in. Let me in. Will you not let me in this garden?” “No, said the gardener. I will not let you in, for when I let you in yesterday, you messed up my flowers, and even picked some fruit. I do not let boys into my garden who messed up the plants.” Ashamed, the boy walked away slowly. Seeing this, Frank felt how much happier a boy may be by not messing up what does not belong to him. 4. How did Frank and his mother go into the garden? A. Frank opened the gate and walked in. B. Frank’s mother opened the gate and walked in. C. A boy opened the gate and let them in. D. The gardener opened the gate and let them in. 5. How did the gardener feel with Frank? A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Angry. D. Bored. 6. What happened to the other boy last? A. He walks into the garden. B. He walked away. C. He played with Frank. D. He messed up the garden. 7. What lesson might Frank learn from the other boy? A. Don’t compare yourself to others. B. Being polite is very important. C. Never believe in a little boy. D. We can’t touch things which belong to us. C Walking slowly out of the classroom by himself to the dining room; taking his lunch; sitting and eating alone at a table of four seats, such moments are pretty normal to be seen on the14-year-old schoolboy, Peter. He spends most of his school time on his own, which leads his parents to worry about him so much. His parents’ worries are easy to understand. It is widely accepted that being alone is a symbol of being left out and can bring a lot of trouble. Most people believe teenagers who are usually alone do have few friends and are unable to fit in with other people. At the same time, they are at greater risk of having mental (心理的) problems. However, a new study by some researchers at Wilmington College, shows that this may not always be true. Whether it is bad for teenagers or not depends on the reasons why teenagers are alone. If it is their choice, it may play an active role in their personal growth. According to their study, when teenagers choose to think alone, they put 100% of their attention into what is in their mind and are more likely to experience deeper thoughts and feelings than working with others. They may have a greater chance to create something new. In this way they can better develop their creativity (创造力). On the other hand, the on-going noise children’s brains receive every day can put great stress on them and make it hard for them to focus (专注). Being alone lets them shut themselves of from the noisy outside world and think about what’s best for them. Slowly they improve their ability to focus. As a matter of fact, our culture is always biased (偏见的) against being alone. Maybe it is the right time for us to rethink about Peter’s situation before we say what’s happening to him. 8. According to the study by the researchers, being alone ________. A. is often a symbol of loneliness B. never causes problems C. always improves teenagers’ focus D. may develop teenagers’ creativity 9. The writer starts the passage by ________. A. comparing two different opinions B. giving an example C. asking a question D. describing the main character 10. We can infer from this passage that ________. A. choosing to be alone is a symbol of being left out B. Peter spends most of his school time alone C. Peter usually spends his time alone to improve his focus D. more people will have a deeper understanding of being alone in the future 11. Which of the following shows the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①-Para1; ②-Para 2; ③-Para 3; ④-Para 4; ⑤-Para 5; ⑥-Para 6) A. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④/⑤/⑥ C. ①/②/③④⑤/⑥ D. ①/②/③④⑤⑥ D Have you grown taller and stronger? On Sept. 3, 2021, the Ministry of Education brought out the results of the eighth national health survey for students from primary school through collage and university. The survey comes out every five years. This year’s survey showed Chinese students’ general (总的) health and fitness have improved since 2014. Among all age groups the rate for middle school students in good health. saw the biggest rise, up by 5.1 percentage points from 2014 to 2019. Their height, weight have all increased. For example, the height of boys and girls increased 1.69cm and 0. 97cm respectively (分别地) in the age group of 13 to 15. There was also a rise in speed and lung capacity (肺量) among teenagers aged 13 to 15. The lung capacity of boys increased 209.7ml, and that of girls increased 187.2ml. Girls running in the 800m race improved by 4.49 seconds, while boys improved by 6.50 seconds in the 1000m race. Wang Dengfeng from the Ministry of Education said that the education policies (政策) led to the improvement. “These policies have helped students get more physical exercise,” he said. 12. According to the survey, we know ________. A. there are more fat students now B. young students are as tall as grown-ups C. students’ health has improved D. children from 2014 to 2019 were born 13. What do we know about teenagers’ speed and lung capacity? ① Boys were more healthier than girls. ② Both boys and girls did better at them than before. ③ Boys made greater progress in speed than girls. ④ Boys didn’t have problems with their health. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③ D. ②④ 14. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The difference between boys and girls. B. The results of the eighth national health survey. C. The changes of children’s bodies. D. The educational policies for improving health. 15. What does Wang Dengfeng want to tell us in the last paragraph?(no more than 15 words) _________________________________ 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。其中有一项是多余选项。 You probably know some basic facts about deserts (沙漠). For example, most people know that deserts are dry places where more water evaporates (蒸发) each year than falls even with heavy rain. However, there are many facts about deserts that you may not know. Reading the following may help you find out more about these unusual areas. ____16____ Most deserts have less than 10 inches of rain each year. However, in some deserts of South American, it is true that rain almost never falls. In one desert in Chile, no rain has fallen for 45 years in a row! All the rain falls within a single month! ____17____ Temperatures in deserts can reach above 37.8℃ during the day, but can fall below zero at night. Areas that are too cold for anything to grow are called “frigid deserts.” Other deserts are cold for long periods. The Gobi in Asia has icy temperatures for as long as six months at a time. ____18____ Although deserts can be low and flat some bare rocky hills and even mountains. Some also have lakes and plains covered with small rocks. Sand makes up only about 2 percent of North American deserts, 10 percent of the Sahara in northern Africa, and 30 percent of the Arabian Desert. ____19____ To survive in a dry decent environment plants and animals, including humans, must make some adaptation. Desert plants cannot grow too close together because each plant would not get enough water. Other animals stay in holes underground or rest in the shade during the heat of the day. ____20____ Deserts cover about one fifth of Earth’s land area. The largest desert in the world is the Sahara. The Sahara stretches from the Atlantic Ocean eastward to the Red Sea, spreading across parts of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan, Chad, Niger, Mali, and Mauritania. It covers an area about the size of the United States. A. There is still life in the desert. B. There are many deserts in the world. C. Some of deserts are very cold. D. Dry river beds are a common sight in many deserts. E. Not all deserts are flat and sandy. F Little rain falls in the desert. 第四部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 通读下面短文，掌握大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。 Last summer holiday, I went to Xi’an with my family. We took part in a summer camp. We went to Xi’an with ___21___ Americans who were in the summer camp too. So I not only enjoyed my trip, but also ___22___ five new friends. ___23___ the first day of the trip, we visited the Terracotta Warriors (秦始皇兵马俑). They are one of the world’s eight wonders and a national treasure in China. It is said that it took 720, 000 ___24___ to build the Terracotta Warriors. To my great ___25___, there were thousands of warriors. I really couldn’t believe my ___26___. They looked serious and lively, which reminded me that how great our ancestors (祖先) were. ___27___ introducing the historical background of the Qin Dynasty (秦朝) to my foreign friends, they all lost themselves in my story. And I felt ___28___ of these great works. During the trip, I took many photos of my family and our foreign friends. We also learned ___29___ to make the warriors in person. On the second day, we rode bikes on the ancient City Wall of Xi’an. It ___30___ us about one and a half hours to cycle around it. We could ___31___ how big the city of Chang’an was in the ancient times after visiting. ___32___ we were tired, we felt quite happy. We enjoyed beautiful views as we cycled. ___33___ a wonderful experience it was! In the afternoon, we went to see how to make paper. We also made paper ___34___. The trip was really the ___35___ one ever for me! I not only visited a famous ancient capital, but also explained our history to my foreign friends. I made many great memories. This trip will always have a special place in my heart. 21. A. two B. three C. five D. six 22. A. saw B. made C. met D. found 23. A. In B. At C. For D. On 24. A. people B. person C. women D. children 25 A. joy B. surprise C. sadness D. worry 26. A. ears B. eyes C. voice D. nose 27 A. When B. Before C. After D. Since 28. A. sad B. upset C. nervous D. proud 29. A. why B. how C. what D. when 30. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 31. A. find B. imagine C. see D. hear 32. A. But B. And C. So D. Although 33. A. What B. How C. Why D. Which 34. A. us B. ourselves C. them D. themselves 35. A. good B. well C. better D. best 第Ⅱ卷 第四部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, Universe is a 2017 cartoon book written by Erin Entrada Kelly. It is told from the perspectives (观点) of four middle school students. The four students are quite different Virgil is ____36____ 11-year-old boy whose family comes from the Philippines. He only ____37____ (talk) to his pet, a guinea pig. Valencia, who is deaf, is smart, brave and interested ____38____ everything about nature. Tanaka is a girl who has a gift for reading stars. Her sister Gen, is always ____39____ (follow) her around. The four students are not friends ____40____ one of them gets caught in a well (水井). Chet Bullens is the ____41____ (big) bully (霸凌者) in the neighborhood. One day, he plays a trick on Virgil and his pet. He trap (困住) them at the bottom of a well. Valencia, Tanaka, and Gen then take an adventure and try ____42____ (they) best to save Virgil and his pet through smartness. courage, and a little help from the universe. In the end, the four become best friends. Sometimes your can really do what one cannot. Hello, Universe is about the ____43____ (friend) between four kids. Because of its beautiful and interesting stories, Hello, Universe ____44____ (win) Newbery Medal (“纽伯瑞奖”) in 2018, the highest award in the field of literature (文学) for ____45____ (child). 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。 notice member argue decision whatever 46. Don’t worry I’ll make the ________ my own. 47. He ________ with his friend when the rainstorm came. 48. Yu Boya ________ someone was listening to his music with eyes closed. 49. Just make yourself at home, and eat ________ you want. 50. Rose is one of the bravest ________ in her family. B.根据下列句子及所给的首字母或汉语意思，写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。 51. The girl looks unhappy. Let’s c________ her up by telling a joke. 52. Thanks to those kind n________ in the hospital. The old man became better soon. 53. Luckily, the bank l________ us enough money to buy a new house. 54. Sorry, sir, we have no coffee. Would you like some tea i________? 55. They were c________ shocked at the terrible news. 56. They found a lost ________ (登山者) safe and sound in a cave. 57. The artist looked at the finished painting with ________ (满足). 58. Sally ________ (躺) down on the playground as soon as she finished the 800-meter race. 59. When people ________ (意识到) they feel the same pain, they begin to see how much we have in common. 60. ________ (覆盖着冰的) roads are a hidden danger to all the drivers. 第二节书面表达（共1题，满分20分） 61. 阅读对人成长的影响是巨大的。“腹有诗书气自华”，一本好书往往能改变人的一生。每年的4月23日是世界读书日(World Reading Day)，为此你想给同学们提一些养成阅读好习惯方面的建议。要点如下： How to develop good reading habits choose books you like carry a book with you ... 要求： 1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯 2.须包含图中所有要点，并至少再增加一条建议。 3.词数80左右。 4.不得使用真实姓名和校名等。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$