精品解析：河南省部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月质量检测英语试卷

2024～2025学年度4月质量检测 高二英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5．本卷主要考查内容：北师大版选择性必修第四册+书面表达+语法专项。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．Where will the speakers most probably go next? A．To a park. B．To a bank. C．To an airport. 2．What is probably the woman? A．An actress. B．A reporter. C．A photographer. 3．What does the woman need to do with the roses? A．Give them a lot of light. B．Keep them near the window. C．Water them once every two weeks. 4．What is the woman doing now? A．Making her lunch. B．Eating in a dining room. C．Reviewing for an exam. 5．Who got minor injuries in the accident? A．The kids. B．The car driver. C．The woman’s sister. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Mother and son. C．Husband and wife. 7．What will the man do this weekend? A．Have a special camping. B．Play games on the beach. C．Join in the woman’s activity. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．Have an interview with her. B．Help with her materials. C．Discuss her project. 9．What does the man think is important in an interview? A．Confidence. B．Work experience. C．Education background. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why does the man invite the woman to his flat? A．To show her around his garden. B．To introduce her to the neighbours. C．To help improve her English. 11．What is the date today? A．Wednesday. B．Thursday. C．Friday. 12．What will the woman prepare for the gathering? A．Some coffee. B．A bunch of flowers. C．A traditional snack. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．When does the library close? A．At 7:30 p. m. B．At 7:00 p. m. C．At 6:30 p. m. 14．What does the man think of the book he borrowed? A．Interesting. B．Boring. C．Inspiring. 15．What can we learn about the woman? A．She has a boring day. B．She will buy new books. C．She needs to do a class report. 16．What kind of books does the woman need? A．Science. B．Geography. C．History. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What does the speaker say about the wedding in Italy? A．It is simple. B．It is impressive. C．It is wasteful. 18．Where did the speaker meet the bridegroom (新郎)? A．In America. B．In France. C．In England. 19．What happened the week before the wedding of the speaker’s friend? A．Long speeches were given. B．A company was hired to help. C．A big dinner was served every day. 20．Why did the family cut up the bridegroom’s tie? A．To find the coins in it. B．To raise money for the new couple. C．To make the people laugh. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major Heat is the 12th solar term, during which, most parts of China enter the hottest season of the year. Here are some things related to it. A season of harvesting and planting During Major Heat, the sunshine, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall are good for agricultural crops. But like Minor Heat, many natural disasters such as floods, droughts and typhoons also happen during Major Heat. Therefore, it’s important to harvest and plant in time to avoid setbacks caused by natural disasters. Sending the Major Heat ship It is a folk tradition spanning hundreds of years in Taizhou, Zhejiang province. The ship is filled with various animals for sacrifice (祭献) such as pigs, sheep, chicken, fish, and shrimps. More than 50 fishermen take turns carrying the ship as they march through the streets. Drums are played and fireworks are lit. Both sides of the street are filled with people praying for blessings. After a series of ceremonies, the ship is pulled out of the fishing port and burned at sea. Cricket fighting Major Heat is a season with the largest number of crickets (蟋蟀) that can be found in the fields along the countryside. Cricket fighting is a popular pastime for some people in China during this period. The custom dates back over 1,000 years to the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907). Eating pineapples/Drinking mutton soup There is a saying in Taiwan province which goes, “eating pineapples in Major Heat”. During the period, pineapple tastes best. There is a custom in southern Shandong province where people drink mutton soup on the day. Many people go to local restaurants to drink mutton soup, which is called “summer mutton soup”. 1. What is the purpose of the traditional activity in Taizhou? A. To pray for blessings. B. To show local cuisine. C. To organise fireworks display. D. To hold a new ship departure ceremony. 2. What is the unique tradition of Major Heat in southern Shandong? A. Cricket fighting. B. Eating pineapples. C. Drinking mutton soup. D. Harvesting and planting. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A history textbook. B. A journey diary. C. A culture magazine. D. A travel advertisement. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统农历二十四节气中的大暑，包括大暑期间的农事活动、一些地方的传统习俗，如浙江台州送大暑船、中国部分地区斗蟋蟀、台湾省吃凤梨以及山东南部喝羊肉汤等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Sending the Major Heat ship”部分中“Both sides of the street are filled with people praying for blessings. After a series of ceremonies, the ship is pulled out of the fishing port and burned at sea(街道两旁站满了祈求祝福的人。经过一系列仪式后，船被拖出渔港，在海上焚烧)”可知，浙江台州送大暑船这一传统活动的目的是祈求祝福。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“There is a custom in southern Shandong province where people drink mutton soup on the day. Many people go to local restaurants to drink mutton soup, which is called “summer mutton soup”(在山东南部有一个习俗，人们在大暑这天喝羊肉汤。许多人会去当地餐馆喝羊肉汤，这被称为“伏羊汤”)”可知，山东南部在大暑时独特的传统是喝羊肉汤。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major Heat is the 12th solar term, during which, most parts of China enter the hottest season of the year. Here are some things related to it.( 传统的中国农历将一年分为24个节气。大暑是第12个节气，在此期间，中国大部分地区进入一年中最热的季节。以下是一些与之相关的事情)”以及第三段“Sending the Major Heat ship”部分“Both sides of the street are filled with people praying for blessings. After a series of ceremonies, the ship is pulled out of the fishing port and burned at sea(街道两旁站满了祈求祝福的人。经过一系列仪式后，船被拖出渔港，在海上焚烧)”、最后一段“There is a custom in southern Shandong province where people drink mutton soup on the day. Many people go to local restaurants to drink mutton soup, which is called “summer mutton soup”(在山东南部有一个习俗，人们在大暑这天喝羊肉汤。许多人会去当地餐馆喝羊肉汤，这被称为“伏羊汤”)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国传统节气大暑的相关知识，包括农事活动以及各地与之相关的传统习俗。文章介绍的节气习俗等内容属于文化范畴，很有可能出自文化杂志。故选C项。 B Many artists take inspiration from their travels, but Benjamin Sack found a unique way to make his way around the world. For the past decade, artist Benjamin Sack has been navigating the globe in an unconventional studio — a Holland American cruise ship (游轮). This platform enables him to dig into global architectural designs, which he then masterfully integrates into detailed pen drawings. Sack first approached Holland America — a company known for its round-the-world cruises — after he finished university. He proposed a unique idea: an “artist residency” where he’d give drawing classes and lectures to passengers on art related to the ports of call. He also offered to create a large map-style drawing to be in memory of the voyage. Now, he’s affectionately known as King Neptune’s (海神的) court artist. Sack’s shipboard studio offers sweeping, ever-changing views that inspire his work. At each journey’s end, he presents a final drawing to passengers and crew, catching the essence of their travels. On the ship, Sack interacts with a variety of people, bridging the gap between passengers and crew. This unique advantage enriches his artistic perspective, similar to how art bridges societal gaps on land. His drawings catch architectural wonders like Florence’s Duomo, similar to M. C. Escher’s attractive lithographs (平板画). Sack sees architecture as music solidified, each structure a character in a grand symphony of movement and form. Adventure is Sack’s constant companion, with months at sea weaving into his large, detail-rich works. From Himeji Castle’s majesty to Singapore’s Marina Bay modernity, his pieces mirror the globe’s architectural wonders. “On land, the drawings are fixed to the studio. On the ship, the studio travels,” Sack thinks. His artworks literally grasp the essence of the voyage, with the ship’s gentle rocking deeply influencing each line. Through his stateroom window, sunsets and sunrises from various time zones adorn (装饰) his drawings, making each year’s work richer than the last. “It’s magic!” he says. 4. What is unique about Sack’s “artist residency” on the Holland American cruise ship? A. He only offers drawing classes to passengers. B. He gives lectures according to where the ship arrives. C. He specially draws scenes from African cities. D. He creates advertising materials for the cruise line. 5. What can be inferred about Benjamin Sack’s view on architecture? A. He believes it should be uniform and consistent worldwide. B. He thinks it should mirror societal structures and divisions. C. He sees it as a form of frozen music with its own character. D He focuses entirely on modern architectural designs in his artwork. 6. How does Sack’s shipboard studio influence his artwork? A. It limits the size of his drawings due to lack of space. B. It exposes him to a limited variety of architectural styles. C. It restricts him to using black and white colours in his artworks. D. It allows him to integrate real-time sea motions into his artworks. 7. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text? A. How challenging it is to become an artist at sea. B. An artist drawing his incredible adventures aboard a cruise ship. C. How travelling inspires artistic creation in Benjamin Sack. D. The relationship between architecture and Sack’s artwork. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家Benjamin Sack如何在一艘环球游轮上设立了他的移动工作室，并利用这个平台来捕捉全球建筑的精髓。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He proposed a unique idea: an “artist residency” where he’d give drawing classes and lectures to passengers on art related to the ports of call.(他提出了一个独特的想法：一个“艺术家驻地”，在那里他会给乘客上绘画课，并给他们讲与停靠港口有关的艺术)”可知，Sack的艺术家驻地根据所停靠的港口而给旅客们提供相关的课程和讲座。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Sack sees architecture as music solidified, each structure a character in a grand symphony of movement and form.(萨克视建筑为凝固的音乐，每一个结构都是乐章和形式的交响乐中的一个角色)”可知，本杰明·萨克认为建筑是一种有自己特色的凝固音乐。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“His artworks literally grasp the essence of the voyage, with the ship’s gentle rocking deeply influencing each line.(他的作品从字面上抓住了航行的本质，船的温柔摇晃深深地影响着每一条线)”可知，萨克的船上工作室使他能够将实时的海洋运动融入他的艺术作品中。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“For the past decade, artist Benjamin Sack has been navigating the globe in an unconventional studio — a Holland American cruise ship (游轮). This platform enables him to dig into global architectural designs, which he then masterfully integrates into detailed pen drawings.(在过去的十年里，艺术家本杰明·萨克一直在一间非传统的工作室里环游世界——一艘荷美游轮。这个平台使他能够深入研究全球的建筑设计，然后将其巧妙地融入到详细的笔画中)”以及整篇文章主要介绍了Benjamin Sack作为King Neptune’s court artist在荷美邮轮上的艺术家生活、工作方式以及他的作品和创作灵感来源，因此是对这位艺术家的一个概述。即文章的主要思想是一位艺术家在游轮上描绘他不可思议的冒险经历。故选B。 C They are six-legged, hairy home invaders (侵略者) that will not die, no matter how hard you try. Cockroaches (蟑螂) are experts at surviving indoors. But they did not start out that way. A recent study uses genetics to examine cockroaches’ spread across the world, from beginnings in southeast Asia to Europe and beyond. The findings cover thousands of years of cockroach history and suggest the pests may have spread across the world by getting a ride with another species: people. Researchers studied the genes of over 280 cockroaches from 17 countries and six continents. They confirmed that the German cockroach — a species found worldwide—has its beginnings in southeast Asia. The creature likely evolved from the Asian cockroach around 2,100 years ago. Scientists have long suspected the German cockroach’s Asian beginnings since similar species still live there. The research appeared recently in the publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The cockroaches then spread around the world on two major paths. They travelled west to the Middle East about 1,200 years ago, perhaps living in soldiers’ food storage containers. And they may have gotten on Dutch and British East India Company trade ships to get to Europe about 270 years ago, the scientists’ findings suggest. Once the creatures arrived in Europe, inventions like the steam engine and indoor plumbing (管路系统) likely helped the insects travel further and get used to living indoors, where they are most commonly found today. Researchers said exploring how cockroaches adjusted to past environments may lead to better pest control. Modern-day cockroaches are tough to keep away because they evolve quickly to resist pesticides (杀虫剂), said the study’s writer Qian Tang of Harvard University. 8. What main method was applied in the recent study on cockroaches? A. Collecting samples widely. B. Referring to large amounts of data. C. Conducting physical observation. D. Performing genetic analysis and comparison. 9. Where does the German cockroach originate from? A. India. B. Southeast Asia. C. Dutch and Britain. D. The Middle East. 10. What allowed cockroaches to spread rapidly after they reached Europe? A. Frequent wars. B. Close business dealings. C. The unique climate of Europe. D. The development of the Industrial Revolution. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A. To reveal the significance of this study. B. To emphasize the harmfulness of cockroaches. C. To provide more common sense about cockroaches. D. To remind people the struggle against cockroaches is complex. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对蟑螂的新的研究。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A recent study uses genetics to examine cockroaches’ spread across the world, from beginnings in southeast Asia to Europe and beyond.(最近的一项研究利用遗传学研究了蟑螂在世界各地的传播，从东南亚到欧洲及其他地区)”和第四段“Researchers studied the genes of over 280 cockroaches from 17 countries and six continents.(研究人员研究了来自6大洲17个国家的280多只蟑螂的基因)”可知运用基因技术进行研究。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“They confirmed that the German cockroach — a species found worldwide—has its beginnings in southeast Asia.(他们证实，德国蟑螂——一种在世界各地都有发现的物种——起源于东南亚)”可知，德国蟑螂起源于东南亚。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Once the creatures arrived in Europe, inventions like the steam engine and indoor plumbing (管路系统) likely helped the insects travel further and get used to living indoors, where they are most commonly found today.(一旦这些生物到达欧洲，像蒸汽机和室内管道这样的发明很可能帮助这些昆虫走得更远，并习惯了在室内生活，它们今天在室内最常见)”可知工业革命蒸汽机的发明帮助这些昆虫旅行得更远，加速其传播。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers said exploring how cockroaches adjusted to past environments may lead to better pest control. Modern-day cockroaches are tough to keep away because they evolve quickly to resist pesticides (杀虫剂), said the study’s writer Qian Tang of Harvard University.(研究人员表示，探索蟑螂如何适应过去的环境可能会更好地控制害虫。该研究的作者、哈佛大学的钱唐说，现代蟑螂很难被赶走，因为它们进化得很快，能够抵抗杀虫剂)”可知新的研究发现有利于更好地控制蟑螂，本段是为了揭示这个研究的意义。故选A。 D For future humans to survive long periods on Mars, growing food on the planet is a must. It would be too costly and risky to rely upon rocket deliveries to meet the food needs of colonists. With this in mind, scientists are exploring ways to improve space farming. At Wageningen University and Research in the Netherlands, researchers work in a controlled greenhouse. They have identified a way that could improve crop production in factitious Martian soil, with different crops grown together. The method is called “intercropping”, first invented by ancient Maya farmers in what is now Central America. In their experiments, the researchers grew cherry tomatoes, peas and carrots together in small, round containers. Tomatoes grown in this way produced about double the amount of tomatoes grown alone in the same Martian soil. The tomatoes were also bigger. They flowered and matured earlier, gave more fruit per plant and had thicker stems (茎). The quantity of peas and carrots did not increase with intercropping. The crops were grown in Martian regolith, a soil with no organic matter. Created by researchers from the American space agency NASA, it is a near-perfect physical and chemical match to real Martian soil. For now, human bases on Mars are only seen in movies. But NASA, for example, is developing ways to send people to Mars in the 2030s. Intercropping involves growing plants with properties that could help each other grow. The method makes the best use of resources including water and nutrients. The researchers said the tomato plants in intercropping may have benefited from being close to the pea plants. That is because the peas are good at turning nitrogen (氮) from the air, with the help of bacteria introduced into the soil, into an important nutrient. The carrots produced fewer crops from intercropping and the peas had no change. This was probably due to lack of light. Overall, the tomatoes, peas and carrots grew well, though not as well as in Earth soil in the same greenhouse. 12. What does the underlined word “factitious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Man-made. B. Long-standing. C. Well-known. D. Hard-won. 13. Why may tomatoes grow well among the three plants? A. Because of the role of peas plants in intercropping. B. Because of the soil rich in organic components. C. Because of their adaptation to the environment. D. Because of their little need for sunlight. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the results of this experiment? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Reserved. D. Optimistic. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A Does Life Exist on Mars? B. The Upcoming Journey to Mars C. New Ways Are Explored to Improve Space Agriculture on Mars D Intercropping: a Traditional Agricultural Cropping Pattern 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家为了让未来人类能在火星上长期生存，在荷兰瓦赫宁根大学研究在人造火星土壤中通过间作的方法种植农作物，以提高太空农业产量的相关情况。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段“The crops were grown in Martian regolith, a soil with no organic matter. Created by researchers from the American space agency NASA, it is a near - perfect physical and chemical match to real Martian soil.(这些作物是在火星风化层中种植的，这是一种没有有机物质的土壤。它是由美国宇航局的研究人员创造的，它的物理和化学成分与真正的火星土壤几乎完美匹配)” 可推知，研究人员是在人造的火星土壤中进行实验，所以 “factitious” 意思是 “人造的”。选项 A（人造的）符合题意，故选 A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段“The researchers said the tomato plants in intercropping may have benefited from being close to the pea plants. That is because the peas are good at turning nitrogen (氮) from the air, with the help of bacteria introduced into the soil, into an important nutrient.(研究人员说，间作中的番茄植株可能受益于靠近豌豆植株。这是因为在土壤中引入的细菌的帮助下，豌豆善于将空气中的氮转化为一种重要的营养物质)” 可知，番茄在三种植物中长得好是因为豌豆在间作中的作用。故选 A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “Overall, the tomatoes, peas and carrots grew well, though not as well as in Earth soil in the same greenhouse.(总的来说，西红柿、豌豆和胡萝卜长得很好，尽管不如在同一温室的地球土壤中长得好)” 可推知，作者认为实验结果是积极的，对其持乐观态度。故选 D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段“With this in mind, scientists are exploring ways to improve space farming.(考虑到这一点，科学家们正在探索改善太空农业的方法)” 可知，文章主要讲的是探索在火星上改善太空农业的新方法。选项 C“探索在火星上改善太空农业的新方法”为短文的最佳标题。故选 C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Managing Conflict with Humour Humour is a powerful tool. It brings people closer, managing conflict, and reducing tension. ____16____ Make sure you’re both in on the joke. Humour can help you overcome conflict only when both parties are in on the joke. So it’s important to be sensitive to the other person. ____17____ When the joking is one-sided rather than mutual (相互的), it can damage the relationship. Don’t use humour to cover up other emotions. Humour helps you face challenges in life. But there are times when humour is not healthy. For example, sometimes it is used as a cover for avoiding painful emotions. ____18____ When you do that, you create confusion and mistrust in your relationships. ____19____ Some find it easier than others to use humour, especially in tense situations. If your efforts aren’t going over well, start by using self-deprecating (自嘲的) humour. We all love people who don’t take themselves too seriously. After all, nobody is perfect and we all make mistakes. So, if you’re having a bad hair day, make a joke about it. Even if the joke falls flat, the only person you risk offending is yourself. Tap into (发掘) your playful side. ____20____ However, it’s important to point out that you don’t need to be a comedian to use humour to manage conflict. The point isn’t to impress the other person, but simply to lighten the mood. Therefore, don’t be afraid to simply act silly like a kid. It can lower the other person’s defenses and put you both in a more positive state of mind. A. Stop humour if faced with trouble. B. Develop a smart sense of humour. C. It is easy to understand some jokes. D. It’s understandable to fear rejection when attempting humour. E. You can be funny about the truth, but hiding the truth isn’t funny. F. Here’s how to use humour to resolve disagreements and strengthen your relationships. G. If he or she isn’t likely to appreciate the joke, don’t say or do it, even if it’s “all in good fun”. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何运用幽默来解决冲突和加强人际关系。 【16题详解】 空前“Humour is a powerful tool. It brings people closer, managing conflict, and reducing tension.(幽默是一种强大的工具。它使人们更亲近，管理冲突，减少紧张)”说明了幽默可以管理冲突，减少紧张，空格处应该说要如何用幽默来处理冲突，F选项“Here’s how to use humour to resolve disagreements and strengthen your relationships.(下面是如何用幽默来解决分歧和加强你们的关系。)”说明了接下来要讲如何用幽默来处理分歧，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 空前“Make sure you’re both in on the joke. Humour can help you overcome conflict only when both parties are in on the joke. So it’s important to be sensitive to the other person.(要确保对方能理解你的笑话。只有当双方都能理解笑话时，幽默才能帮助你化解冲突。因此，对他人保持敏感很重要)”说明了要确保对方能理解你的笑话，要对他人保持敏感，看看他们对你说的笑话是什么反应，G选项“If he or she isn’t likely to appreciate the joke, don’t say or do it, even if it’s “all in good fun”.(如果他或她不太可能欣赏这个笑话，不要说或做，即使这是“好玩的”。)”说明了如果对方不喜欢这个笑话，那就不要讲了，和上文的“对他人敏感”相承接，故选G。 【18题详解】 空前“For example, sometimes it is used as a cover for avoiding painful emotions.(例如，有时它被用作避免痛苦情绪的掩护)”说明了幽默有时被用作避免痛苦情绪的掩护，空后“When you do that, you create confusion and mistrust in your relationships.(当你这样做的时候，你会在你们的关系中制造混乱和不信任)”说明了如果像空格处所说的那么做，就会造成混乱，说明空格处所说的做法不好，E选项“You can be funny about the truth, but hiding the truth isn’t funny.(你可以拿事实开玩笑，但隐瞒事实就不好笑了。)”说明了隐瞒事实不好，承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Some find it easier than others to use humour, especially in tense situations. If your efforts aren’t going over well, start by using self-deprecating (自嘲的) humour. We all love people who don’t take themselves too seriously. After all, nobody is perfect and we all make mistakes. So, if you’re having a bad hair day, make a joke about it. Even if the joke falls flat, the only person you risk offending is yourself.(对有些人来说，使用幽默比其他人更容易，尤其是在紧张的情况下。如果你的努力没有取得好效果，那就从使用自嘲式幽默开始。我们都喜欢那些不把自己太当回事的人。毕竟，没有人是完美的，我们都会犯错。所以，如果你今天发型很糟，那就开个玩笑吧。即使这个笑话效果平平，你唯一可能冒犯的人就是你自己)”可知，本段主要讲的是要培养幽默感，B选项“Develop a smart sense of humour.(培养聪明的幽默感。)”说明了要培养幽默感，概括了本段主要内容，可作为本段主旨句，故选B。 【20题详解】 空后“However, it’s important to point out that you don’t need to be a comedian to use humour to manage conflict.(不过，重要的是要指出，你不需要成为一名喜剧演员才能用幽默来化解冲突)”中的However表转折，说明你可能会觉得自己讲的笑话不好，可能别人不会喜欢，D选项“It’s understandable to fear rejection when attempting humour.(在尝试幽默时害怕被拒绝是可以理解的。)”说明了在尝试使用幽默的时候害怕被拒绝是可以理解的，和空后的“你不需要成为一名喜剧演员才能用幽默来化解冲突”相呼应，因此符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent (长久的) residence for more than a few months. She couldn’t fit into schools and had endured being ____21____ by students at a dozen schools who labeled her as “____22____”. ____23____ since early childhood, Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her ____24____ from teachers and fellow students. However, academics proved to be a way for her to find ____25____ in herself again. For instance, at the age of 9, she was ____26____ in the 99th percentile on a state exam, and her teacher told her she was “____27____”. From that moment forward, Khadijah ____28____ to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category. By the second year of high school, she ____29____ that she could not succeed in getting the ____30____ she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer. She talked to teachers who ____31____ her apply to summer community college classes and scholarships. And in 11th grade, when she ____32____ at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her high school career there—a decision that ____33____ taking a bus each morning at 4 a. m. and not getting home until 11 p. m. Her perseverance and hard work ____34____. When she poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application, she was ____35____ soon. 21. A. turned down B. picked up C. looked after D. laughed at 22. A. different B. normal C. noble D. reliable 23. A. Homeless B. Honest C. Selfless D. Comfortable 24. A. ambitions B. clothes C. circumstances D. magazines 25. A. peace B. confidence C. strength D. beauty 26. A. placed B. announced C. challenged D. treated 27. A. organized B. experienced C. determined D. gifted 28. A. afforded B. decided C. continued D. promised 29. A. admitted B. announced C. recognized D. remarked 30. A. occupation B. education C. reputation D. condition 31. A. watched B. heard C. felt D. helped 32. A. registered B. pointed C. cheated D. aimed 33. A. avoided B. meant C. stopped D. postponed 34. A. gave away B. broke down C. paid off D. stood out 35. A. recommended B. promoted C. accepted D. employed 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小无家可归的Khadijah Williams通过自己的辛苦努力，最终被哈佛大学录取的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她无法融入学校，忍受着被十几所学校的学生嘲笑，他们给她贴上“异类”的标签。A. turned down拒绝；B. picked up捡起；C. looked after照顾；D. laughed at嘲笑。根据后文“by students at a dozen schools who labeled her”可知，学生给她贴标签，推测她在学校被欺负，被嘲笑。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她无法融入学校，忍受着被十几所学校的学生嘲笑，他们给她贴上“异类”的标签。A. different不同的；B. normal正常的；C. noble高尚的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“She couldn’t fit into schools”可知，因为无法融入学校被贴上“异类”的标签。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Khadijah从小就无家可归，她一生都在努力向老师和同学隐瞒她的情况。A. Homeless无家可归的；B. Honest诚实的；C. Selfless无私的；D. Comfortable舒适的。根据上文“By the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.(到18岁时，Khadijah Williams已经上过12所学校。她住过收容所、公园和汽车旅馆，从来没有在一个固定住所住过几个月)”可知，Khadijah从小就无家可归，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Khadijah从小就无家可归，她一生都在努力向老师和同学隐瞒她的情况。A. ambitions抱负；B. clothes衣服；C. circumstances情况，环境；D. magazines杂志。根据上文“By the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent residence for more than a few months.(到18岁时，Khadijah Williams已经上过12所学校。她住过收容所、公园和汽车旅馆，从来没有在一个固定住所住过几个月)”可知，Khadijah从小无家可归，因此指她一生都在努力向老师和同学隐瞒她的情况。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，学习证明是她重新找回自信的一种方式。A. peace和平；B. confidence自信；C. strength力量；D. beauty美丽。根据后文“in the 99th percentile on a state exam”可知，她学习很好，学习证明是她重新找回自信的一种方式。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，在9岁时，她在一次州考试中排名第99位，她的老师告诉她她“有天赋”。A. placed放置；B. announced宣布；C. challenged挑战；D. treated对待。根据后文“in the 99th percentile on a state exam”指在考试中排名99，be placed in表示“名列”。故选A。 27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在9岁时，她在一次州考试中排名第99位，她的老师告诉她她“有天赋”。A. organized有组织的；B. experienced有经验的；C. determined坚定的；D. gifted有天赋的。根据上文“in the 99th percentile on a state exam”可知，成绩优异，老师告诉她她“有天赋”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，Khadijah决定不惜一切代价保持自己的地位。A. afforded买得起；B. decided决定；C. continued继续；D. promised承诺。根据后文“to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category”以及“at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her high school career”指Khadijah决定保持自己的地位，此处为短语decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到高中二年级时，她意识到，如果没有得到学校所能提供的帮助，她就无法成功地接受她梦寐以求的教育。A. admitted承认；B. announced宣布；C. recognized认可；D. remarked评论。根据后文“she could not succeed in getting the…she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer”指她意识到自己需要学校提供帮助，故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到高中二年级时，她意识到，如果没有得到学校所能提供的帮助，她就无法成功地接受她梦寐以求的教育。A. occupation职业；B. education教育；C. reputation名誉；D. condition条件。根据后文“what her current school could offer”可知，她需要学校提供帮助来帮助她完成学业。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她与帮助她申请暑期社区大学课程和奖学金的老师交谈。A. watched观看；B. heard听见；C. felt感觉；D. helped帮助。根据后文“her apply to summer community college classes and scholarships”可知，老师帮助过她申请暑期社区大学课程和奖学金，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：11年级时，当她在杰斐逊高中注册时，她决定在那里完成她的高中生涯——这个决定意味着每天早上4点坐公共汽车，直到晚上11点才回家。A. registered注册；B. pointed指着；C. cheated欺骗；D. aimed旨在。根据后文“at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her high school career there”可知，要在杰斐逊高中完成高中生涯，需要先注册。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：11年级时，当她在杰斐逊高中注册时，她决定在那里完成她的高中生涯——这个决定意味着每天早上4点坐公共汽车，直到晚上11点才回家。A. avoided避免；B. meant意味着；C. stopped停止；D. postponed推迟。根据后文“taking a bus each morning at 4 a. m. and not getting home until 11 p. m.”可知，在杰斐逊高中完成高中意味着每天要花很长时间往返学校和家。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的毅力和辛勤工作得到了回报。A. gave away赠送；B. broke down出故障；C. paid off取得回报；D. stood out突出。根据后文“When she poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application”被哈佛大学录取，说明得到了回报。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把自己的生活故事写进哈佛大学的申请中时，她很快就被录取了。A. recommended建议；B. promoted促进；C. accepted接受，录取；D. employed雇用。根据上文“Her perseverance and hard work”提到努力得到了回报，推测申请被录取了，故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists believe there could be life on the planet Venus (金星), or at least in the clouds above it. They have discovered a mysterious gas there, but they have not been able to provide an explanation for it. This gas, which is commonly found ____36____ there is life, can also ____37____ (produce) in factories. However, there are no factories on Venus. So why is this gas there, 50 ____38____ (kilometre) up from the planet’s surface? Prof. Jane Greaves from Cardiff University, UK, together with other scientists, is trying to solve this mystery ____39____ present. They have published ____40____ paper outlining their findings and done some work to determine the gas doesn’t originate from life. Despite their efforts, they have not yet reached a ____41____ (conclude). No one has yet been able to say how the gas can be there without living things to create it. “I have devoted my entire career to ____42____ (search) for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life,” said Prof. Greaves, “so the idea that we might have found a sign of life on Venus is exciting. But we are encouraging others to contribute their ideas and help ____43____ (we) identify what we may have missed.” The scientists are also investigating the possibility that the gas could be a byproduct of geological processes, but further research is needed ____44____ (confirm) this. Although the mystery _____45_____ (remain) unsolved, the discovery of this gas has sparked renewed interest in the search for extraterrestrial life. 【答案】36. where 37. be produced 38. kilometres 39. at 40. a 41. conclusion 42. searching 43. us 44. to confirm 45. remains 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在金星或其云层中发现了神秘气体，这种气体通常与生命相关。英国卡迪夫大学简·格雷夫斯教授等科学家正研究此谜，已排除气体源自生命的可能性，但尚未得出结论。 【36题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：这种气体通常存在于有生命的地方，也可以在工厂里产生。引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”用where。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查被动语态。句意同上。This gas和produce为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形。故填be produced。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：那么为什么这些气体会在离地表50千米的地方呢？根据上文50可知kilometre用复数形式。故填kilometres。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：目前，英国卡迪夫大学的简·格里夫斯教授和其他科学家正在试图解开这个谜团。at present意为“目前”。故填at。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他们发表了一篇论文，概述了他们的发现，并做了一些工作来确定这些气体不是来自生命。此处paper为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管他们作出了努力，但仍未得出结论。reach a conclusion意为“得出结论”。故填conclusion。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“我的整个职业生涯都致力于寻找外星生命，”格里夫斯教授说，“所以我们可能在金星上发现了生命迹象的想法令人兴奋。”devote…to…意为“致力于”，to后面接动词的-ing作宾语。故填searching。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：但我们也鼓励其他人提出他们的想法，帮助我们找出我们可能遗漏的地方。动词help后面用we的宾格形式us。故填us。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们也在调查这种气体是地质过程的副产品的可能性，但还需要进一步的研究来证实这一点。此处confirm用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to confirm。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管这个谜团仍未解开，但这种气体的发现重新激起了人们对寻找外星生命的兴趣。从句陈述事实用一般现在时，主语the mystery为单数，谓语用三单形式。故填remains。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的外国网友Oliver最近和你分享一个预防校园欺凌(bullying)的视频并询问你周边的情况。请你回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的感想； 2．你校的防范措施。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Oliver, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Oliver, The short video you shared is shocking. It seems that campus bullying occurs frequently and brings great shadows to the victims. We should firmly oppose and actively prevent it. The phenomenon of campus bullying is almost rare in our school. Occasional occurrences will also be promptly addressed. The teachers take advantage of various opportunities to demand that we help each other equally. Even if there are small conflicts, many students can solve them on their own. Each class has formed a good atmosphere. In addition, the school has a dedicated reporting hotline that can promptly report the occurrence of such incidents. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国网友Oliver回复一封邮件，对于他分享的一个预防校园欺凌的视频发表感想，并告知他自己周边的情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 解决：address→solve/tackle/resolve/settle 发生：occur→ happen 利用：take advantage of→make full use of 此外：in addition→ besides/what’s more/moreover 2句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Each class has formed a good atmosphere. 拓展句：Each class has formed a good atmosphere where the students are friendly to each others. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The teachers take advantage of various opportunities to demand that we help each other equally.（运用了that引导的宾语从句并使用了虚拟语气） 【高分句型2】In addition, the school has a dedicated reporting hotline that can promptly report the occurrence of such incidents.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the autumn of 2012, the new school year began. Susan was 14 years old and happened to be in her first year of high school. She moved with her parents to a beautiful small coastal town. This small town had a charming scenery that Susan really liked, especially the high school she attended. Susan had a wide range of hobbies and excellent academic performance. At the same time, she had an outgoing personality and was willing to help others. She quickly made many friends and adapted to the new school environment. At that time, everyone liked to socialize with Susan, but Susan hardly attended her friends’ gatherings. Every time many of her friends invited her to a birthday party held at home, Susan always found a reason to refuse. At first, her friends didn’t pay much attention, but over time, everyone felt a bit strange. Moreover, Susan never held a birthday party herself, and they didn’t know where her family was. How time flew! Susan, who was in Senior Two now, however, was very conflicted about one thing those days. She was very talented in mathematics and she was very close to getting an A in her maths class. There was only one exam left. Susan would have to get 100% on the exam to push her grade to an A．The teacher offered the students extra credits (学分) if they brought their mum to the class on the “Bring Your Mum to School” day. In fact, Susan had a secret. Her mum was the head teacher of her school. She didn’t want anyone to know this as her classmates would think that she got special treatment. Not even her close friends knew about it. When her friends asked to go to her house, she just refused and said that her parents didn’t allow her to invite guests. Susan’s school held many activities every term that required active parental participation. The most popular activity among them was “Bring Your Mum to School”. When Susan’s classmates were actively preparing, Susan didn’t seem to care at all about it. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Bring Your Mum to School” day was coming finally. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Susan told her mum that she wanted to tell everyone about their relationship. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 “Bring Your Mum to School” day was coming finally. Susan told her friends in the past that her mum was out of town. “What does your mum do?” her friends asked. “She is a researcher, so she travels a lot,” Susan answered. A teacher once asked her mother, “Do you have a daughter?” Susan’s mum said, “Yes, she is in college now.” Her mother always managed it in this way. In fact, Susan was eager to get the extra credits, so she determined to have a talk with her mother on the evening before “Bring Your Mum to School” day. Susan told her mum that she wanted to tell everyone about their relationship. After some hesitation, Susan’s mum agreed. On “Bring Your Mum to School” day, Susan brought her mum to her maths class. She felt her heart was beating fast. She was afraid her classmates would not talk to her because she had told a lie.” Hi, our head teacher. What brings you here?” asked the maths teacher. “I’m Susan’s mum,” she answered. All the students in the classroom were surprised and they told Susan she had a cool mother. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了苏珊搬到了新的小镇，但是苏珊爱好广泛，学习成绩优异，同时，她性格外向，乐于助人。她很快就交了很多朋友，适应了新的学校环境，但苏珊很少参加她朋友的聚会。这时因为她妈妈是她学校的校长，最后在“带妈妈来学校”日时，苏珊还是带妈妈去上数学课，同学认为苏珊有一个很酷的妈妈。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘带妈妈来上学’的日子终于来了”可知，第一段可描写苏珊和妈妈对于两人关系的态度。 ②由第二段首句内容“苏珊告诉她妈妈，她想把她们的关系告诉所有人”可知，第二段可描写苏珊还是带妈妈去上数学课，同学认为苏珊有一个很酷的妈妈。 2.续写线索：被询问母亲职业——苏珊撒谎——询问女儿情况——苏珊妈妈撒谎——决定和妈妈谈谈——妈妈同意——同学惊讶 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：ask/inquire ②跳动：beat/pound ③回答：answer/reply 情绪类 ①害怕：afraid/scared ②惊讶：surprised/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1] Susan told her friends in the past that her mum was out of town.（由that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] She was afraid her classmates would not talk to her because she had told a lie.（由because引导原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024～2025学年度4月质量检测 高二英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5．本卷主要考查内容：北师大版选择性必修第四册+书面表达+语法专项。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．Where will the speakers most probably go next? A．To a park. B．To a bank. C．To an airport. 2．What is probably the woman? A．An actress. B．A reporter. C．A photographer. 3．What does the woman need to do with the roses? A．Give them a lot of light. B．Keep them near the window. C．Water them once every two weeks. 4．What is the woman doing now? A．Making her lunch. B．Eating in a dining room. C．Reviewing for an exam. 5．Who got minor injuries in the accident? A．The kids. B．The car driver. C．The woman’s sister. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Mother and son. C．Husband and wife. 7．What will the man do this weekend? A．Have a special camping. B．Play games on the beach. C．Join in the woman’s activity. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What does the woman ask the man to do? A．Have an interview with her. B．Help with her materials. C．Discuss her project. 9．What does the man think is important in an interview? A．Confidence. B．Work experience. C．Education background. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why does the man invite the woman to his flat? A．To show her around his garden. B．To introduce her to the neighbours. C．To help improve her English. 11．What is the date today? A．Wednesday. B．Thursday. C．Friday. 12．What will the woman prepare for the gathering? A．Some coffee. B．A bunch of flowers. C．A traditional snack. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．When does the library close? A．At 7:30 p. m. B．At 7:00 p. m. C．At 6:30 p. m. 14．What does the man think of the book he borrowed? A．Interesting. B．Boring. C．Inspiring. 15．What can we learn about the woman? A．She has a boring day. B．She will buy new books. C．She needs to do a class report. 16．What kind of books does the woman need? A．Science. B．Geography. C．History. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What does the speaker say about the wedding in Italy? A．It is simple. B．It is impressive. C．It is wasteful. 18．Where did the speaker meet the bridegroom (新郎)? A．In America. B．In France. C．In England. 19．What happened the week before the wedding of the speaker’s friend? A．Long speeches were given B．A company was hired to help. C．A big dinner was served every day. 20．Why did the family cut up the bridegroom’s tie? A．To find the coins in it. B．To raise money for the new couple. C．To make the people laugh. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major Heat is the 12th solar term, during which, most parts of China enter the hottest season of the year. Here are some things related to it. A season of harvesting and planting During Major Heat, the sunshine, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall are good for agricultural crops. But like Minor Heat, many natural disasters such as floods, droughts and typhoons also happen during Major Heat. Therefore, it’s important to harvest and plant in time to avoid setbacks caused by natural disasters. Sending the Major Heat ship It is a folk tradition spanning hundreds of years in Taizhou, Zhejiang province. The ship is filled with various animals for sacrifice (祭献) such as pigs, sheep, chicken, fish, and shrimps. More than 50 fishermen take turns carrying the ship as they march through the streets. Drums are played and fireworks are lit. Both sides of the street are filled with people praying for blessings. After a series of ceremonies, the ship is pulled out of the fishing port and burned at sea. Cricket fighting Major Heat is a season with the largest number of crickets (蟋蟀) that can be found in the fields along the countryside. Cricket fighting is a popular pastime for some people in China during this period. The custom dates back over 1,000 years to the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907). Eating pineapples/Drinking mutton soup There is a saying in Taiwan province which goes, “eating pineapples in Major Heat”. During the period, pineapple tastes best. There is a custom in southern Shandong province where people drink mutton soup on the day. Many people go to local restaurants to drink mutton soup, which is called “summer mutton soup”. 1. What is the purpose of the traditional activity in Taizhou? A. To pray for blessings. B. To show local cuisine. C. To organise fireworks display. D. To hold a new ship departure ceremony. 2. What is the unique tradition of Major Heat in southern Shandong? A. Cricket fighting. B. Eating pineapples. C. Drinking mutton soup. D. Harvesting and planting. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A history textbook. B. A journey diary. C. A culture magazine. D. A travel advertisement. B Many artists take inspiration from their travels, but Benjamin Sack found a unique way to make his way around the world. For the past decade, artist Benjamin Sack has been navigating the globe in an unconventional studio — a Holland American cruise ship (游轮). This platform enables him to dig into global architectural designs, which he then masterfully integrates into detailed pen drawings. Sack first approached Holland America — a company known for its round-the-world cruises — after he finished university. He proposed a unique idea: an “artist residency” where he’d give drawing classes and lectures to passengers on art related to the ports of call. He also offered to create a large map-style drawing to be in memory of the voyage. Now, he’s affectionately known as King Neptune’s (海神的) court artist. Sack’s shipboard studio offers sweeping, ever-changing views that inspire his work. At each journey’s end, he presents a final drawing to passengers and crew, catching the essence of their travels. On the ship, Sack interacts with a variety of people, bridging the gap between passengers and crew. This unique advantage enriches his artistic perspective, similar to how art bridges societal gaps on land. His drawings catch architectural wonders like Florence’s Duomo, similar to M. C. Escher’s attractive lithographs (平板画). Sack sees architecture as music solidified, each structure a character in a grand symphony of movement and form. Adventure is Sack’s constant companion, with months at sea weaving into his large, detail-rich works. From Himeji Castle’s majesty to Singapore’s Marina Bay modernity, his pieces mirror the globe’s architectural wonders. “On land, the drawings are fixed to the studio. On the ship, the studio travels,” Sack thinks. His artworks literally grasp the essence of the voyage, with the ship’s gentle rocking deeply influencing each line. Through his stateroom window, sunsets and sunrises from various time zones adorn (装饰) his drawings, making each year’s work richer than the last. “It’s magic!” he says. 4. What is unique about Sack’s “artist residency” on the Holland American cruise ship? A. He only offers drawing classes to passengers. B. He gives lectures according to where the ship arrives. C. He specially draws scenes from African cities. D. He creates advertising materials for the cruise line. 5. What can be inferred about Benjamin Sack’s view on architecture? A. He believes it should be uniform and consistent worldwide. B. He thinks it should mirror societal structures and divisions. C. He sees it as a form of frozen music with its own character. D. He focuses entirely on modern architectural designs in his artwork. 6. How does Sack’s shipboard studio influence his artwork? A. It limits the size of his drawings due to lack of space. B. It exposes him to a limited variety of architectural styles. C. It restricts him to using black and white colours in his artworks. D. It allows him to integrate real-time sea motions into his artworks. 7. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text? A. How challenging it is to become an artist at sea. B. An artist drawing his incredible adventures aboard a cruise ship. C. How travelling inspires artistic creation in Benjamin Sack. D. The relationship between architecture and Sack’s artwork. C They are six-legged, hairy home invaders (侵略者) that will not die, no matter how hard you try. Cockroaches (蟑螂) are experts at surviving indoors. But they did not start out that way. A recent study uses genetics to examine cockroaches’ spread across the world, from beginnings in southeast Asia to Europe and beyond. The findings cover thousands of years of cockroach history and suggest the pests may have spread across the world by getting a ride with another species: people. Researchers studied the genes of over 280 cockroaches from 17 countries and six continents. They confirmed that the German cockroach — a species found worldwide—has its beginnings in southeast Asia. The creature likely evolved from the Asian cockroach around 2,100 years ago. Scientists have long suspected the German cockroach’s Asian beginnings since similar species still live there. The research appeared recently in the publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The cockroaches then spread around the world on two major paths. They travelled west to the Middle East about 1,200 years ago, perhaps living in soldiers’ food storage containers. And they may have gotten on Dutch and British East India Company trade ships to get to Europe about 270 years ago, the scientists’ findings suggest. Once the creatures arrived in Europe, inventions like the steam engine and indoor plumbing (管路系统) likely helped the insects travel further and get used to living indoors, where they are most commonly found today. Researchers said exploring how cockroaches adjusted to past environments may lead to better pest control. Modern-day cockroaches are tough to keep away because they evolve quickly to resist pesticides (杀虫剂), said the study’s writer Qian Tang of Harvard University. 8. What main method was applied in the recent study on cockroaches? A. Collecting samples widely. B. Referring to large amounts of data. C. Conducting physical observation. D. Performing genetic analysis and comparison. 9. Where does the German cockroach originate from? A. India. B. Southeast Asia. C. Dutch and Britain. D. The Middle East. 10. What allowed cockroaches to spread rapidly after they reached Europe? A. Frequent wars. B. Close business dealings. C. The unique climate of Europe. D. The development of the Industrial Revolution. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A. To reveal the significance of this study. B. To emphasize the harmfulness of cockroaches. C. To provide more common sense about cockroaches. D. To remind people the struggle against cockroaches is complex. D For future humans to survive long periods on Mars, growing food on the planet is a must. It would be too costly and risky to rely upon rocket deliveries to meet the food needs of colonists. With this in mind, scientists are exploring ways to improve space farming. At Wageningen University and Research in the Netherlands, researchers work in a controlled greenhouse. They have identified a way that could improve crop production in factitious Martian soil, with different crops grown together. The method is called “intercropping”, first invented by ancient Maya farmers in what is now Central America. In their experiments, the researchers grew cherry tomatoes, peas and carrots together in small, round containers. Tomatoes grown in this way produced about double the amount of tomatoes grown alone in the same Martian soil. The tomatoes were also bigger. They flowered and matured earlier, gave more fruit per plant and had thicker stems (茎). The quantity of peas and carrots did not increase with intercropping. The crops were grown in Martian regolith, a soil with no organic matter. Created by researchers from the American space agency NASA, it is a near-perfect physical and chemical match to real Martian soil. For now, human bases on Mars are only seen in movies. But NASA, for example, is developing ways to send people to Mars in the 2030s. Intercropping involves growing plants with properties that could help each other grow. The method makes the best use of resources including water and nutrients. The researchers said the tomato plants in intercropping may have benefited from being close to the pea plants. That is because the peas are good at turning nitrogen (氮) from the air, with the help of bacteria introduced into the soil, into an important nutrient. The carrots produced fewer crops from intercropping and the peas had no change. This was probably due to lack of light. Overall, the tomatoes, peas and carrots grew well, though not as well as in Earth soil in the same greenhouse. 12. What does the underlined word “factitious” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Man-made. B. Long-standing. C. Well-known. D. Hard-won. 13. Why may tomatoes grow well among the three plants? A. Because of the role of peas plants in intercropping. B. Because of the soil rich in organic components. C. Because of their adaptation to the environment. D. Because of their little need for sunlight. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards the results of this experiment? A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Reserved. D. Optimistic. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Does Life Exist on Mars? B. The Upcoming Journey to Mars C. New Ways Are Explored to Improve Space Agriculture on Mars D. Intercropping: a Traditional Agricultural Cropping Pattern 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Managing Conflict with Humour Humour is a powerful tool. It brings people closer, managing conflict, and reducing tension. ____16____ Make sure you’re both in on the joke. Humour can help you overcome conflict only when both parties are in on the joke. So it’s important to be sensitive to the other person. ____17____ When the joking is one-sided rather than mutual (相互的), it can damage the relationship. Don’t use humour to cover up other emotions. Humour helps you face challenges in life. But there are times when humour is not healthy. For example, sometimes it is used as a cover for avoiding painful emotions. ____18____ When you do that, you create confusion and mistrust in your relationships. ____19____ Some find it easier than others to use humour, especially in tense situations. If your efforts aren’t going over well, start by using self-deprecating (自嘲的) humour. We all love people who don’t take themselves too seriously. After all, nobody is perfect and we all make mistakes. So, if you’re having a bad hair day, make a joke about it. Even if the joke falls flat, the only person you risk offending is yourself. Tap into (发掘) your playful side. ____20____ However, it’s important to point out that you don’t need to be a comedian to use humour to manage conflict. The point isn’t to impress the other person, but simply to lighten the mood. Therefore, don’t be afraid to simply act silly like a kid. It can lower the other person’s defenses and put you both in a more positive state of mind. A. Stop humour if faced with trouble. B. Develop a smart sense of humour. C It is easy to understand some jokes. D. It’s understandable to fear rejection when attempting humour. E. You can be funny about the truth, but hiding the truth isn’t funny. F. Here’s how to use humour to resolve disagreements and strengthen your relationships. G. If he or she isn’t likely to appreciate the joke, don’t say or do it, even if it’s “all in good fun”. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By the time she turned 18, Khadijah Williams had attended twelve schools. She had lived in shelters, in parks, and in motels, never in a permanent (长久的) residence for more than a few months. She couldn’t fit into schools and had endured being ____21____ by students at a dozen schools who labeled her as “____22____”. ____23____ since early childhood, Khadijah struggled all her life to hide her ____24____ from teachers and fellow students. However, academics proved to be a way for her to find ____25____ in herself again. For instance, at the age of 9, she was ____26____ in the 99th percentile on a state exam, and her teacher told her she was “____27____”. From that moment forward, Khadijah ____28____ to do whatever it took to keep herself in that category. By the second year of high school, she ____29____ that she could not succeed in getting the ____30____ she dreamed of without getting help to go beyond what her current school could offer. She talked to teachers who ____31____ her apply to summer community college classes and scholarships. And in 11th grade, when she ____32____ at Jefferson High School, she decided to complete the rest of her high school career there—a decision that ____33____ taking a bus each morning at 4 a. m. and not getting home until 11 p. m. Her perseverance and hard work ____34____. When she poured the story of her life into her Harvard University college application, she was ____35____ soon. 21. A. turned down B. picked up C. looked after D. laughed at 22. A. different B. normal C. noble D. reliable 23. A. Homeless B. Honest C. Selfless D. Comfortable 24. A. ambitions B. clothes C. circumstances D. magazines 25. A. peace B. confidence C. strength D. beauty 26. A. placed B. announced C. challenged D. treated 27. A. organized B. experienced C. determined D. gifted 28. A. afforded B. decided C. continued D. promised 29. A. admitted B. announced C. recognized D. remarked 30 A. occupation B. education C. reputation D. condition 31. A. watched B. heard C. felt D. helped 32. A. registered B. pointed C. cheated D. aimed 33. A. avoided B. meant C. stopped D. postponed 34. A. gave away B. broke down C. paid off D. stood out 35. A. recommended B. promoted C. accepted D. employed 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists believe there could be life on the planet Venus (金星) or at least in the clouds above it. They have discovered a mysterious gas there, but they have not been able to provide an explanation for it. This gas, which is commonly found ____36____ there is life, can also ____37____ (produce) in factories. However, there are no factories on Venus. So why is this gas there, 50 ____38____ (kilometre) up from the planet’s surface? Prof. Jane Greaves from Cardiff University, UK, together with other scientists, is trying to solve this mystery ____39____ present. They have published ____40____ paper outlining their findings and done some work to determine the gas doesn’t originate from life. Despite their efforts, they have not yet reached a ____41____ (conclude). No one has yet been able to say how the gas can be there without living things to create it. “I have devoted my entire career to ____42____ (search) for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life,” said Prof. Greaves, “so the idea that we might have found a sign of life on Venus is exciting. But we are encouraging others to contribute their ideas and help ____43____ (we) identify what we may have missed.” The scientists are also investigating the possibility that the gas could be a byproduct of geological processes, but further research is needed ____44____ (confirm) this. Although the mystery _____45_____ (remain) unsolved, the discovery of this gas has sparked renewed interest in the search for extraterrestrial life. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你的外国网友Oliver最近和你分享一个预防校园欺凌(bullying)的视频并询问你周边的情况。请你回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的感想； 2．你校的防范措施。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Oliver, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the autumn of 2012, the new school year began. Susan was 14 years old and happened to be in her first year of high school. She moved with her parents to a beautiful small coastal town. This small town had a charming scenery that Susan really liked, especially the high school she attended. Susan had a wide range of hobbies and excellent academic performance. At the same time, she had an outgoing personality and was willing to help others. She quickly made many friends and adapted to the new school environment. At that time, everyone liked to socialize with Susan, but Susan hardly attended her friends’ gatherings. Every time many of her friends invited her to a birthday party held at home, Susan always found a reason to refuse. At first, her friends didn’t pay much attention, but over time, everyone felt a bit strange. Moreover, Susan never held a birthday party herself, and they didn’t know where her family was. How time flew! Susan, who was in Senior Two now, however, was very conflicted about one thing those days. She was very talented in mathematics and she was very close to getting an A in her maths class. There was only one exam left. Susan would have to get 100% on the exam to push her grade to an A．The teacher offered the students extra credits (学分) if they brought their mum to the class on the “Bring Your Mum to School” day. In fact, Susan had a secret. Her mum was the head teacher of her school. She didn’t want anyone to know this as her classmates would think that she got special treatment. Not even her close friends knew about it. When her friends asked to go to her house, she just refused and said that her parents didn’t allow her to invite guests. Susan’s school held many activities every term that required active parental participation. The most popular activity among them was “Bring Your Mum to School”. When Susan’s classmates were actively preparing, Susan didn’t seem to care at all about it. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Bring Your Mum to School” day was coming finally ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Susan told her mum that she wanted to tell everyone about their relationship. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$