精品解析：2025年江苏省南通市如东县新光初级中学中考一模英语试题

九年级英语4月练习 满分:120分 时间：120分钟 姓名： 得分： 第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共65分) 一、单项选择(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. After the long journey, there was ________ energy left for exploring the city. Everyone just wanted to have a good rest. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过长途旅行，探索这座城市的精力所剩无几。每个人都想好好休息。 考查不定代词。a few修饰可数名词，表示“有一些，有一点”；a little修饰不可数名词，表示“有一些，有一点”；few修饰可数名词，表示“几乎没有”；little修饰不可数名词，表示“几乎没有”。“energy”是不可数名词，且根据“Everyone just wanted to have a good rest.”可知该处表达精力所剩无几的意思，故选D。 2. — I’m thinking about how to spend the weekend. What do you ________? — How about going camping with us? We can have fun together. A. insist B. imagine C. suggest D. suppose 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我正在考虑如何度过周末。你有什么建议？——和我们一起去露营怎么样？我们可以一起玩得很开心。 考查动词辨析。insist坚持；imagine想象；suggest建议；suppose假设。根据答语“How about going camping with us?”可知，空处是想问有什么“建议”，故选C。 3. The restaurant in Deji Plaza ________ for two months, but I ________ there so far. A. has opened; haven’t gone B. has been open; haven’t been C. has been opened; haven’t been D. has been open; haven’t been to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：位于德基广场那家餐馆已经开了两个月了，但是至今我还没有去过那里。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two months”可知，第一空应用现在完成时，且表示延续性动作，故用has been open；第二空表达“至今未去过某地”，用haven’t been to，由于“there”副词，须去掉to，即haven’t been。故选B。 4. —Mum, could you buy me a dress like that? —Certainly, we can buy __________ one than this, but __________ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你能给我买件那样的衣服吗？——当然，我们可以买一件比这件便宜的，而且和这件一样好。 考查形容词的比较。better更好的；worse更糟糕的；cheaper更便宜的；as good as和……一样好；not as good as不如……好。根据情境可知，可以买一件比这个便宜的，而且一样好的。故选C。 5. —The poem is written ________ an ancient style. —Do you mean that very few people ________ understand it? A. by; may B. for; can’t C. with; mustn’t D. in; can 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这首诗是用古代风格写的。——你的意思是很少有人能理解它？ 考查介词辨析和情态动词。by通过；for为了；with和；in用；may可能；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；can能够。根据“The poem is written ... an ancient style.”可知，是指用古代风格写的，用介词in；根据“very few people ... understand it”及上句可知，是指古代风格写的诗很少有人能理解，用can表示“能够”。故选D。 6. It’s a custom for the Chinese _________ a gift for friends when visiting them. A. bring B. bringing C. to bring D. brought 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：拜访朋友时给他们带礼物是中国人的一种习俗。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s a custom for the Chinese ... a gift for friends”可知，此处是it is a custom for sb to do sth“做某事对某人来说是一种习俗”，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故选C。 7. Life often ________ to be stranger than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst. A. turns out B. puts out C. runs out D. breaks out 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：生活往往比我们想象的更奇特。我们应该做好最坏的打算。 考查动词短语。turns out结果是；puts out扑灭；runs out用尽；breaks out爆发。根据“Life often…to be stranger than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst.”可知，此处指生活的“结果”往往会比我们想象中更奇特，应用“turn out结果是”来描述事件或事物的最终结果或发展情况。故选A。 8. Here is a pie chart about the difficulties the 2,000 students meet when they learn English. According to the chart, ________ students think they don’t have enough time for learning English. A. one hundred B. three hundred C. seven hundred D. nine hundred 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是一张关于2000名学生在学习英语时遇到的困难的饼状图。根据图表，700名学生认为他们没有足够的时间学习英语。 考查数字运算和基数词表达。根据饼状图中“No enough time 35%”可知，认为没有足够时间学习英语的学生占比为35%，总共有2000名学生，计算认为没时间学英语的学生数量应为2000×35% = 2000×0.35 = 700（名），“700”英文表述为“seven hundred”。故选C。 9. —I wonder ________. —I’m not sure. Maybe yes. A. what do you call the animal B. how long he has written the main points C. whether Mr. Li has come back or is still there D. if Dave has got his driver’s license 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我想知道戴夫是否拿到了驾驶执照。——我不确定。或许拿到了。 考查宾语从句。what do you call the animal你叫这种动物什么，疑问语序；how long he has written the main points他写要点有多长时间了，应回答时间段；whether Mr. Li has come back or is still there李先生已经回来了还是还在那里，应回答已经回来还是在那里；if Dave has got his driver’s license戴夫是否拿到驾照，应回答是或不是。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A选项。根据“Maybe yes”可知，D选项符合语境，故选D。 10. — I didn’t expect to see you studying at the library so early in the morning. —________. A. Every dog has its day B. Many hands make light work C. The early bird catches the worm D. Like father, like son 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我没想到这么早就看到你在图书馆学习。——早起的鸟儿有虫吃。 考查习语。Every dog has its day人都有走运的时候；Many hands make light work人多好办事；The early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；Like father, like son有其父必有其子。根据句意我没想到这么早就看到你在图书馆学习，这里回答早起的鸟儿有虫吃。故选C。 二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Back in New York, I am fighting fires as the assistant captain (副队长) of a volunteer fire company. I still remember my first fire. Before this, I had never joined in any rescue (救援). As a volunteer, I needed to follow the captain’s instructions ____11____ , no matter what I thought. On that night, I was the second volunteer to ____12____ the scene. When I found the captain for my task, he was talking with the ____13____. She was standing in the pouring rain, barefooted (赤脚的), while her house was on fire. What was ____14____, her dog was still in the fire. The other volunteer, who had arrived just ____15____ earlier before me, was asked to go inside and save the dog. The captain waved me over. He said, “Bezos, I need you to go upstairs past the fire, and get this woman a pair of shoes.” This was not exactly what I was hoping for. I was green with envy of the ____16____ guy, just because he beat me by five seconds. I managed to be a volunteer to save others’ lives, not to get others’ shoes. ____17____ I obeyed and went off, up the stars and down the hall, passing the firefighters. They nearly ____18____ the fire at this point, and I rushed into the owner’s bedroom to get a pair of shoes. I knew I was not a ____19____. After all, I didn’t save anyone, and I just got the shoes for the lady. On the way, I met the other volunteer with the dog. We took the “treasures” we ____20____ outside to the homeowner. Not surprisingly, the other ____21____ received much more attention than me. A few weeks later, the company heard from the homeowner. She said she never thought that we were willing to rush into the fire ____22____ for a pair of shoes. I didn’t expect she could ____23____ the small action make a great ____24____ in somebody’s life. If you have something to give, give it right now. Never…it’s too small. Not every day is going to offer us a chance to save somebody’s life, but every day offers us an opportunity to ____25____ one. So get in the game. Save the shoes. 11. A. politely B. rapidly C. strictly D. smoothly 12. A. search B. reach C. leave D. find 13. A. manager B. neighbour C. homeowner D. interviewer 14. A. better B. worse C. luckier D. stranger 15. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few 16. A. patient B. bad C. lucky D. energetic 17. A. And B. So C. Since D. But 18. A. put down B. put out C. put away D. put off 19. A. hero B. captain C. owner D. doctor 20. A. washed B. played C. bought D. saved 21. A. host B. leader C. volunteer D. cleaner 22. A. just B. still C. also D. even 23. A. remain B. prove C. remember D. forget 24. A. promise B. difference C. hope D. success 25. A. admire B. save C. influence D. follow 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者作为消防志愿者第一次参与救援的经历，因服从命令为屋主取鞋而非直接救人感到失落，但最终明白小事也能对他人生活产生深远影响。 【11题详解】 句意：作为一名志愿者，无论我怎么想，我都需要严格地听从队长的指示。 politely礼貌地；rapidly快速地；strictly严格地；smoothly顺利地。根据“As a volunteer, I needed to follow the captain’s instructions ... no matter what I thought.”可知，这里表示无论我怎么想，我都需要严格地听从队长的指示。志愿者对队长指示应是严格遵循。故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：那天晚上，我是第二个到达现场的志愿者。 search搜索；reach到达；leave离开；find找到。根据“On that night, I was the second volunteer to ... the scene.”可知，这里表示我是第二个到达现场的志愿者。“reach the scene”表示到达现场。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：当我找队长领任务时，他正在和房主交谈。 manager经理；neighbour邻居；homeowner房主；interviewer面试官。根据“When I found the captain for my task, he was talking with the ...”可知，这里表示他正在和房主交谈。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：更糟糕的是，她的狗还在火里。 better更好的；worse更糟的；luckier更幸运的；stranger更奇怪的。根据“What was ... her dog was still in the fire.”可知，这里表示更糟糕的是，她的狗还在火里。前文说房子着火房主赤脚站在雨中，后文又说她的狗还在火里，情况是更糟糕了。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：另一个比我早到一点的志愿者，被要求进去救狗。 a little一点（修饰不可数名词或比较级，表肯定）； a few几个（修饰可数名词复数，表肯定）； little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词，表否定）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数，表否定）。根据“The other volunteer, who had arrived just ... earlier before me, was asked to go inside and save the dog.”可知，这里表示另一个比我早到一点的志愿者，这里“a little earlier”表示“早一点”，修饰比较级“earlier”，表示另一个志愿者比作者早到一点。故选A。 【16题详解】 句意：我非常嫉妒那个幸运的家伙，就因为他比我早了五秒钟。 patient耐心的；bad坏的；lucky幸运的；energetic精力充沛的。根据“I was green with envy of the ... guy, just because he beat me by five seconds.”可知，这里表示非常嫉妒那个幸运的家伙，故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：但我服从了命令，出发了，上了楼梯，走过大厅，经过了消防员们。 And和；So所以；Since自从；But但是。根据“... I obeyed and went off, up the stars and down the hall, passing the firefighters.”可知，这里表示但我服从了命令。前文说作者想救人而不是去拿鞋，后文又说他服从命令去了，前后是转折关系。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：此时他们几乎把火扑灭了，我冲进房主的卧室去拿一双鞋。 put down放下；put out扑灭；put away收好；put off推迟。根据“They nearly ... the fire at this point, and I rushed into the owner’s bedroom to get a pair of shoes.”可知，这里表示此时他们几乎把火扑灭了。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：我知道我不是一个英雄。 hero英雄；captain队长；owner主人；doctor医生。根据“I knew I was not a ...”可知，这里表示作者觉得自己没救到人只是拿了鞋，所以认为自己不是英雄。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：我们把我们救出来的“宝贝”带到了房主面前。 washed洗；played玩；bought买；saved拯救。根据“We took the “treasures” we ... outside to the homeowner.”可知，这里表示我们把我们救出来的“宝贝”带到了房主面前。故选D。 【21题详解】 句意：毫不奇怪，另一个志愿者比我受到了更多的关注。 host主人；leader领导；volunteer志愿者；cleaner清洁工。根据“Not surprisingly, the other ... received much more attention than me.”可知，这里前文提到另一个志愿者救了狗，所以是这个救狗的志愿者得到更多关注。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：她说她从没想到我们会仅仅为了一双鞋就冲进火里。 just仅仅；still仍然；also也；even甚至。根据“She said she never thought that we were willing to rush into the fire ... for a pair of shoes.”可知，这里表示她说她从没想到我们会仅仅为了一双鞋就冲进火里。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：我没想到她会记得这个小举动，在某人的生活中产生很大的影响。 remain保持；prove证明；remember记得；forget忘记。根据“I didn’t expect she could ... the small action.”可知，这里表示我没想到她会记得这个小举动。故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：我没想到她会记得这个小举动，在某人的生活中产生很大的影响。 promise承诺；difference不同；hope希望；success成功。根据“I didn’t expect she could ... the small action make a great ... in somebody’s life.”可知，“make a difference”是固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，这里指对别人的生活产生很大影响。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：不是每天都会给我们一个拯救某人生命的机会，但每天都给我们一个影响某人的机会。 admire欣赏；save拯救；influence影响；follow跟随。根据“Not every day is going to offer us a chance to save somebody’s life, but every day offers us an opportunity to ... one.”可知，这里表示不是每天都会给我们一个拯救某人生命的机会。故选C。 三、阅读理解(本题共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 第一节 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Eggshells (蛋壳) are very thin and are easy to break, but their shape enables them to support a surprising amount of weight. Want to have a try? Follow the steps in the experiment (实验) and see what will happen. 1 Lightly hit one end of an egg and pour out the content. 2 Draw a line at the widest point around the egg. 3 Cut around the line with scissors. Prepare another three eggs in this way. 4 Put your eggs in a square. Carefully lay a brick or more on top of the shells. __________ An arch is strong because its shape evenly (均匀地) spreads the weight that it supports. A dome is like a series of many arches arranged (排列) in a circle. Your halved eggshell s are mini domes. 26. For this experiment you need to prepare at least ________ eggs. A. one B. two C. three D. four 27. What can be put in “________”? A. How does this work? B. Why are eggs put in a square? C. How much weight can eggshells support? D. Which shape is stronger, an arch or a dome? 28. Which of the following shows the similar principle (原理) in the reading material? A. B. C. D. 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. A 【解析】 【导语】本文通过用鸡蛋壳做实验，告诉我们圆顶的承重力很强。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Lightly hit one end of an egg and pour out the content.”和“Prepare another three eggs in this way.”可知，为了做这个实验，你需要至少四个鸡蛋，故选D。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“An arch is strong because its shape evenly (均匀地) spreads the weight that it supports.”可知，拱门之所以坚固，是因为它的形状均匀地分散了它所支撑的重量，因此此处表示它是如何奏效的。故选A。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据“A dome is like a series of many arches arranged (排列) in a circle. Your halved eggshell s are mini domes.”可知，此处介绍圆顶的原理，故选A。 ①In today’s busy world, research shows that more and more people are feeling “time poor”. Time poverty (贫穷) can happen when study, work, or social duties take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests. It can also happen when people feel like they are running out of time to reach their goals or finish tasks before the deadline (截止日期). Besides, we often say “yes” to any extra work. It could be to help your team or your friends. But by saying “yes” to everything, you are adding another task to an already full plate. ②People who don’t have enough time fail to perform well at work and remain stressed. Too much stress can harm mental (心理的) health. Moreover, less quality (优质的) time with friends and families can make a person feel lonelier. So how can you stop being time poor? ③Firstly manage your time properly. It may seem harmless to stay in bed till noon on weekends, but the time wasted every week can add up quickly if you don’t realize it. In order to make better use of your time, you can make careful plans before you actually spend it. Try to find out what things in your life are not that important for now and put them off. In this way, you can stick to your plan and focus better on your work. ④Secondly, make quality time a true value in your life. It’s important to focus on how you spend your time with someone or doing something. Train yourself to be more present in your life. That is to say, pay attention to one thing at a time. For example, when you are spending time with your family, be present and enjoy yourself rather than still worry about work. ⑤We are all given the same 24 hours each day. By managing your time properly and valuing quality time, you can make the most of your life and become the real owner of it. 29. Which person below will most probably experience time poverty? A. Mark spends his free time having fun with his family. B. Sue watches her favorite TV shows for long hours. C. John stays up until midnight to study for the exams. D. Kate finishes her project a week before the deadline. 30. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Social duties. B. Personal interests. C. Careful plans. D. Unimportant things. 31. What is the right structure of this passage? (P=Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 32. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To warn people about many risks of being time poor. B. To teach people how to make better use of their time. C. To remind people to spend more time with their families. D. To encourage people to stick to their plans and dreams. 【答案】29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了在现代快节奏的生活中，越来越多的人们觉得时间不够用，所以文中给出了两种不浪费时间的方法。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Time poverty (贫穷) can happen when study, work, or social duties take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests.”可知，当学习、工作或社会职责占用一个人太多的时间，很少或根本没有时间用于娱乐或个人兴趣时，就会发生时间贫穷。所以C选项“约翰为了考试，熬夜学习到午夜。”符合，故选C。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Try to find out what things in your life are not that important for now and put them off.”可知，此处“them”指“你生活中那些现在不那么重要事情”，故选D。 【31题详解】 篇章结构题。第一段介绍了什么是时间贫穷；第二段讲了时间贫穷的影响；第三段和第四段讲了如何停止变得时间贫穷；最后一段总结全文，要充分利用好时间，成为时间的主人，所以D选项符合，故选D。 【32题详解】 推理判断题，本文主要讲述了在现代快节奏的生活中，越来越多的人们觉得时间不够用，所以文中给出了两种不浪费时间的方法。结合最后一段“By managing your time properly and valuing quality time, you can make the most of your life and become the real owner of it.”可知，本文主要是为了教人们如何更好地利用时间。故选B。 When I was organizing my clothes, I accidentally found a set of Hanfu I only wore once. Since a Chinese friend gave me a set of ancient-style hair accessories (配饰), I matched a whole set of Hanfu. Then, ancient-style articles appeared in my clothes one after another. When I saw them again, I thought of a sentence: I may have been caught by the “birdcage (鸟笼) effect”! “Birdcage effect (BCE)” is one of the top ten psychological (心理的) problems that human beings cannot easily deal with. BCE means that when you get something one day, you will probably prepare more things to match it. There is a story behind it. One day, James, a psychologist, joked with his friend Carlson and predicted that Carlson would surely raise a bird. At first, Carlson didn’t care. When James gave Carlson a birdcage on his birthday, friends who visited Carlson’s house believed that he had raised birds. During that process, Carlson kept explaining. In the end he really bought a bird. Like Carlson, many people have been or are being caught in the BCE. My friend Tinny said she wanted to buy a good pen to match a pretty notebook her sister gave her. I joked that she must have been caught in the BCE. But my friend said with a smile: “Why not use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead? When I have a beautiful notebook, I will want to buy a pen that is smooth and easy to write, and next I will want to buy a book I like, and then start to take notes.” For the first time, I heard that the BCE could be used in reverse. However, this reminded me of my middle school days, and I seemed to have used the BCE. One day, I bought a magazine and saw the call for writings published in the magazine, so I started writing. After that, I bought a beautiful notebook to record my feelings. More and more magazines appeared in my study, and my interest for writing increased. How can we stop being caught in the BCE in many things and even use it? Various “birdcages” unavoidably appear in life, but we can divide them. If it is not in line with the actual situation, it is a “negative birdcage”, so we must learn to stop losses in time. If it is a “positive birdcage” that drives us to develop upward, we can clear our goals up and encourage ourselves to move towards our goals. At this time, we will find that the BCE is actually not so terrible! 33. Why does the writer talk about Hanfu in Paragraph 1? A. To describe her life style. B. To explain the origin of BCE. C To introduce Chinese culture. D. To show an example of the BCE. 34. The words “in reverse” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________ . A. easily and smoothly B. in a creative way C. in the other way round D. forward and backward 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. The term BCE came from Carlson’s story. B. James used the BCE to record his feelings. C. Tinny was caught in the BCE so she bought a good pen. D. The writer bought a book because he was caught in the BCE. 36. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Birdcage Effect: Why Is It So Terrible? B. The Birdcage Effect: Why Are We Caught in It? C. The Birdcage Effect: How to Avoid It in Your Life? D. The Birdcage Effect: How to Use It to Your Advantage? 【答案】33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了“鸟笼效应”，这是人类无法轻易应对的十大心理问题之一，但是作者反向合理利用这个效应，给自己带来了帮助。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I matched a whole set of Hanfu. Then, ancient-style articles appeared in my clothes one after another. When I saw them again, I thought of a sentence: I may have been caught by the ‘birdcage (鸟笼) effect’!”可推断出，作者在第一段谈论汉服是为了展示一个“鸟笼效应”的例子。故选D。 【34题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“‘Birdcage effect (BCE)’” is one of the top ten psychological (心理的) problems that human beings cannot easily deal with. BCE means that when you get something one day, you will probably prepare more things to match it. ”可知，“鸟笼效应”是人类无法轻易应对的十大心理问题之一，它表示当你有一天得到某样东西时，你可能会准备更多与之匹配的东西。再根据“One day, I bought a magazine and saw the call for writings published in the magazine, so I started writing. After that, I bought a beautiful notebook to record my feelings. More and more magazines appeared in my study, and my interest for writing increased.”有一天，我买了一本杂志，看到杂志上刊登了征稿，于是我开始写作。之后，我买了一个漂亮的笔记本来记录我的感受。越来越多的杂志出现在我的书房里，我对写作的兴趣也增加了。可知，作者利用这个鸟笼效应，把它变成对自己有利的东西，这是一种反向激励，in reverse和in the other way round意思相近，故选C。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There is a story behind it. One day, James, a psychologist, joked with his friend Carlson and predicted that Carlson would surely raise a bird. At first, Carlson didn’t care. When James gave Carlson a birdcage on his birthday, friends who visited Carlson’s house believed that he had raised birds.”可知，“鸟笼效应”这个词来自于卡尔森的故事。故选A。 【36题详解】 最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了“鸟笼效应”，这是人类无法轻易应对的十大心理问题之一，但是作者反向合理利用这个效应，给自己带来了帮助，所以D选项最符合，故选D。 D Are you avoiding pain or living with a purpose? There are two paths we can take in any given situation: One is the path of avoiding pain at the moment, and the other is the more difficult path of delaying (推迟) pleasure for a bigger purpose. Some people don’t see the value in having patience during difficult times or working towards a goal. They would rather buy the latest, greatest cellphone than save for retirement (退休). We often make our life choices according to how we can avoid pain at the moment and, in doing so, fail to see that the path of delaying gratification (满足) is sometimes where the real solutions to our problems lie. Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people. People who learn how to manage their needs that need to be satisfied at the moment thrive (蓬勃发展) more in their careers, relationships and health than people who give in to them. A well-known study conducted at Stanford University in the 1960s explains a lot about why it’s beneficial to delay gratification. In the study, children were placed in a room with one marshmallow on a plate. The leading researcher gave the children an easy instruction: You can eat the marshmallow now, or wait 15 minutes and receive two marshmallows. The researchers found that the children who were able to wait for the second marshmallow without eating the first one scored higher on standardized tests, had better health, and were less likely to have behavior problems. Consider the result of this study, and think about yourself and your actions. Are you able to wait for things you really want, even if it involves giving up pleasure and satisfaction now? Do you make decisions based on your life purpose or on what feels good now? Do you sometimes give up too soon? Can you think of a time when you successfully completed a difficult task? How did it make you feel about yourself? What were the results of waiting? Delaying gratification isn’t a new concept. Back in 300 BC, Aristotle saw that the reason why so many people were unhappy was that they confused pleasure with true happiness. True happiness, according to Aristotle, is about developing habits and surrounding yourself with people who grow your soul (灵魂). This allows you to move towards your greatest natural ability. True happiness needs delaying pleasure, and putting in the time, discipline and patience required to achieve a goal instead of feeling good now. A life of purposes, aligned (保持一致) with the pursuit of true happiness, creates real joy. It keeps your happiness pretty steady (稳定的) throughout your life. So, which path would you like to take? 37. People who delay gratification will probably ________. A. avoid pain and give up at the moment B. work hard patiently for a bigger goal C. fail to see where the real solutions to their problems lie D. fail easily in their careers, relationships and health 38. Why does the writer mention the well-known study in Paragraph 4? A. To show children’s different choices. B. To tell readers the study was a very scientific one. C. To prove the value of putting off gratification. D. To explain why some children were more successful. 39. The writer probably agrees that ________. A. a purposeful life can bring us real joy B. pleasure helps us to make correct decisions C. pleasure plays a key role in a life of purposes D. true happiness is about avoiding pain at the moment 40. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To encourage us to delay pleasure for a bigger purpose. B. To explain the meanings of pleasure and true happiness. C. To compare two different paths to a life of purposes. D. To discuss the good effects of delaying gratification. 【答案】37. B 38. C 39. A 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了人们在生活中面临的两个选择：一是避免当下的痛苦，二是为了更大的目标而延迟满足。文章通过斯坦福大学的“棉花糖实验”和亚里士多德的哲学观点，论证了延迟满足对个人成功和真正幸福的重要性，并鼓励读者选择有目标的生活路径。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people… thrive more in their careers, relationships and health”可知，延迟满足的人更可能在事业、人际关系和健康方面蓬勃发展。第四段通过实验进一步说明，能够等待更大回报的人往往有更好的结果。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。第四段提到斯坦福大学的“棉花糖实验”，旨在说明延迟满足的益处。实验结果显示，能等待的孩子未来表现更佳，这直接支持了“延迟满足有价值”的观点。可知，证明延迟满足的价值。故选C。 【39题详解】 观点态度题。根据最后一段“A life of purposes… creates real joy… keeps your happiness steady”（有目标的生活带来真正的快乐，保持幸福稳定）可知，作者认为有目标的生活能带来真正的快乐。故选A。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。全文通过对比两种生活路径（即时享乐和延迟满足）和实验论证，引用实验和哲学观点，最终呼吁读者选择有目标的生活。选项A“鼓励为更大目标延迟满足”概括了作者的写作意图。故选A。 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Friends are important in our lives. But not all of friends stand the test of time. We spoke about friendships with Marisa Franco, writer of the book How Can You Make And Keep Friends. ____41____ Accept changes in life ____42____ Things just keep coming and going. Franco said: “Nobody really wants the friendship to end, but people get busy and can’t keep the friendship any more.” It doesn’t mean we are not qualified (合格的) friends. Instead, it makes us value what we have at present. ____43____ “When being with friends, the relationship will get worse if you keep leaving something unsaid instead of communicating with each other positively (积极地).” Franco said. We might be afraid of having arguments. But if we think about it and talk in peace, it can be a sign that you care enough to fix the friendship. Allow yourself to feel sad Normally, when a friendship ends, there is a process of feeling sad. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient with yourself. The way society views friendships may make your sadness last longer. When a friendship ends, you are questioned, “Sorry for your loss, but why are you still in a bad mood?” Then you think “Is it wrong to feel sad?” ____44____ Of course, you are upset, which means you love your friend deeply. “And you can’t put a timeline on your sadness. Sadness is just a process of feeling emotion over time.” Franco said. Be kind to yourself along the way It’s important to forgive (原谅) yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. ____45____ But don’t go into a new friendship feeling afraid. “Your understanding of friendship in your brain isn’t just colored by this one experience.” Franco said. A. Make the unsaid said. B. Losing friends is a part of life. C. Solve problems as quickly as possible. D. One way to make you feel better again is to make new friends. E. Come on, you lost someone you are close to. F. Here are four tips to remember if you’re losing a friend. 【答案】41. F 42. B 43. A 44. E 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种方法帮助人们更好地从失去友谊的悲伤中走出来。 【41题详解】 根据后文各段的小标题“Accept changes in life... Allow yourself to feel sad... Be kind to yourself along the way”可知，此处是引出提建议的句子，F项 “如果你正在失去一位朋友，请记住以下四个建议。”，符合语境，故选F。 【42题详解】 根据本段小标题“Accept changes in life”及后文“Things just keep coming and going.”可知，此处介绍失去友谊是正常的，B项 “失去朋友是生活的一部分”，符合语境，故选B。 【43题详解】 根据本段介绍了和朋友有话不说可能会使得友谊变更糟糕，而平静地交谈可能代表你很想修复友谊，所以此处小标题应该是建议朋友间要多沟通交流，A项 “把未说出口的话说出来”，符合语境，故选A。 【44题详解】 根据后文“Of course, you are upset, which means you love your friend deeply.”可知，此处在介绍引起沮丧的事实，E项“是呀，你失去了一位亲近的人。”，符合语境，故选E。 【45题详解】 根据后文“But don’t go into a new friendship feeling afraid.”可知，此处提及交新的朋友，D项 “让你再次感觉更好的一种方法就是结交新朋友”，符合语境，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共55分) 四、词汇运用(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who ____46____ (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is ____47____ (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place ____48____ (go),” Ye said. Dreams of ____49____ (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who ____50____ (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come ____51____ (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at ____52____ (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon—____53____ (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the ____54____ (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for ____55____ (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. 【答案】46. has worked 47. exciting 48. to go 49. flying 50. took 51. true 52. least 53. especially 54. beginning 55. today’s 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了叶叔华教授等科学家与中国探月工程相关的内容。 【46题详解】 句意：叶树华教授是在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪的重要科学家之一。根据“for nearly half a century”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时，主语是Professor Ye Shuhua，要用“has+过去分词”结构，work的过去分词为worked。故填has worked。 【47题详解】 句意：对她来说，中国的月球计划对中国的航天工业来说是一个振奋人心的消息。根据“China’s lunar (月球的) project is ... news”可知，此处修饰名词news，要用形容词，修饰物要用excite的形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。 【48题详解】 句意：叶说：“对我们天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。”a place to do sth.“一个做某事的地方”，固定搭配，要用go的不定式to go。故填to go。 【49题详解】 句意：飞向月球的梦想深深植根于中国文化。of是介词，后接动名词形式，fly的动名词形式为flying。故填flying。 【50题详解】 句意：根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一位仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，这种饮料赋予了她飞向月球的能力。根据“Chang’e was a fairy ...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故填took。 【51题详解】 句意：对于美国宇航员来说，这个梦想已经实现了。come true“实现”，固定搭配，要用truely的形容词形式true。故填true。 【52题详解】 句意：但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，要用little的最高级形式least。故填least。 【53题详解】 句意：该项目提高了公众对太空计划的理解和对月球的认识，尤其是在年轻人中。根据“among the young people”可知，此处修饰介词短语，要用especial的副词形式especially“尤其”。故填especially。 【54题详解】 句意：但对于叶淑华这样的科学家来说，登月计划只是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。故填beginning。 【55题详解】 句意：登上月球将是当今年轻人的一个项目，而不是我的。根据“Landing on the moon will be a project for ... young people”可知，此处表示“当今的年轻人”，要用today的名词所有格today’s。故填today’s。 五、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Balloons are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events (事件), such as f____56____ and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, b____57____ they can bring about some serious problems. After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away f____58____ where they were released, causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. They can fly a____59____ everywhere, including waterways, oceans, mountains and farmlands. Well, in our daily life, there are two types of balloons. Most of the balloons we use are latex (乳 胶) balloons. In fact, i____60____ will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution before they do. The other one is Mylar (聚酯薄膜) balloons. They are a k____61____ of plastic balloons which can not be decomposed and can stay in the environment forever. Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into smaller pieces in the sun. All of these materials can add to the amount of plastic w____62____ in our environment. At the same time, it can result the death of animals. Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if eaten, those pieces can make them h____63____ to breathe and then cause them to die. Even worse, some birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they are food, and even f____64____ them to their babies So, don’t release balloons any more in order to r____65____ the pollution and protect animals. Small step we take can make the world better, healthier and cleaner. 【答案】56. (f)estivals 57. (b)ut 58. (f)rom 59. (a)lmost 60. (i)t 61. (k)ind 62. (w)aste 63. (h)ard 64. (f)eeding 65. (r)educe 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是介绍气球虽然好看，但是也会带来严重的环境问题。呼吁人们重视起来，采取行动，让世界更美好、更干净。 【56题详解】 句意：人们喜欢在节日和仪式等特殊场合放飞彩色气球。根据“People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events”及首字母f可推出会在节日时放气球，festival“节日”，结合“ceremonies”可知此处用复数。故填(f)estivals。 【57题详解】 句意：五颜六色的气球可能看起来很漂亮，但它们会带来一些严重的问题。前后句意出现转折，用but表示“但是”。故填(b)ut。 【58题详解】 句意：气球被放飞后，它们可能会飞到离放飞地点数百公里以外的地方，对环境和野生动物造成极大的危害。away from“远离”。故填(f)rom。 【59题详解】 句意：它们几乎可以飞到任何地方，包括水道、海洋、山脉和农田。根据“including waterways, oceans, mountains and farmlands”可知是几乎所有地方，用almost表示“几乎”。故填(a)lmost。 【60题详解】 句意：事实上，它们需要六个月到四年的时间才能分解，而且在分解之前就会造成污染。it will take sb. some time to do sth.“做某事将会花费某人多少时间”。故填(i)t。 【61题详解】 句意：它们是一种不能分解的塑料气球，可以永远留在环境中。a kind of“一种”。故填(k)ind。 【62题详解】 句意：所有这些材料都会增加我们环境中的塑料垃圾数量。根据“Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into smaller pieces in the sun.”可知会增加塑料垃圾，waste“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填(w)aste。 【63题详解】 句意：海洋动物，如鲸鱼、海鸟经常把气球碎片误认为食物，如果被吃掉，这些碎片会使它们呼吸困难，然后导致它们死亡。根据“Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if eaten”结合常识可推出吃了气球碎片，会难以呼吸，hard“困难的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(h)ard。 【64题详解】 句意：更糟糕的是，一些鸟正在收集气球碎片，认为它们是食物，甚至把它们喂给它们的宝宝。and连接并列结构，与thinking保持一致，结合“thinking that they are food, and even f... them to their babies”可推出是当成食物喂给宝宝，用feeding。故填(f)eeding。 【65题详解】 句意：所以，为了减少污染和保护动物，不要再放气球了。根据“don’t release balloons any more”及上文放气球的危害可推出是为了减少污染，reduce“减少”，in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。故填(r)educe。 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 A freezing sport Rock climbing has been a popular sport for a long time. It’s still popular today, but now a lot of rock climbers are tryıng something new—ice climbing. Ice climbing is a lot like rock climbing. When you go rock climbing, you climb a mountain. When you go ice climbing, you climb ice. Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers(冰川). Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice. Sometimes, they climb a mountain that is covered in ice only in some places. When they are climbing parts that don’t have ice, they’ re rock climbing. When they’re climbing parts that have ice, they’re ice climbing. As people made better equipment (装备), ice climbing started to become easier and more popular. In 1908, a climber made special boots called “crampons”. These boots made ice climbing easier and safer. After that, more people were willing to try ice climbing. In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes. Climbers can use the axes to hit the ice. The axes go into the ice. Then the climber can pull himself or herself up. These days, a lot of people are taking ice climbing classes. In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb. Here’s one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places. People who want to try something simple can climb glaciers or small mountains. Those are usually pretty easy. People who want to try something more challenging can find a more difficult place. The hardest places are usually steep mountains and frozen waterfalls. However, you should never go ice climbing alone. You should always go with a teacher. A lot of people love ice climbing because it’s hard. These people like to challenge themselves. Some say that when you get to the top of a glacier or a frozen waterfall, you’ll have the best feeling. 66. Where can people go ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 67. When was a kind of special axe invented? ___________________________________________________________________________ 68. What’s the good thing about ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 69. Why should people do special exercises before they begin to go ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 70. Do you prefer easy places or difficult places to try ice climbing? Why? (请自拟一句话作答) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】66. On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or mountains that are covered with ice. 67. In the 1960s. 68. People can go ice climhing in easy places or difficult places. 69. They have to make themselves strong and healthy. 70. I prefer easy places, because I can stays experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(言之有理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍攀冰这项运动并给出了相关建议。 【66题详解】 根据第二段“Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers. Still others climb mountains that are covered in ice.”可知，人们可以去结冰的瀑布、冰川和被冰覆盖的山峰攀冰。故填On frozen waterfalls, glaciers or mountains that are covered with ice. 【67题详解】 根据第三段“In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes.”可知，20世纪60年代，发明了特殊的斧头。故填In the 1960s. 【68题详解】 根据第五段“Here’s one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places.”可知，攀冰有一个好处，你可以在容易或困难的地方攀冰。故填People can go ice climbing in easy places or difficult places. 【69题详解】 根据第四段“In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy”可知，为了去攀冰，你必须强壮和健康。故填They have to make themselves strong and healthy. 【70题详解】 回答：你喜欢在容易的地方还是困难的地方攀冰并说明原因。故填I prefer easy places, because I can stays experiencing the excitement of the sport./I prefer difficult places, because I can challenge myself.(言之有理即可) 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 71. 假设你是无锡某所中学的 Lily，你的英国笔友 Jenny想了解中国学生课外阅读的情况。请你根据下图提示，给她回一封电子邮件。 注意： (1)回复的邮件须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯，并展开合理想象，作适当发挥； (2)思维导图中的提示为非限定性内容，仅供参考； (3)词数90左右，回复邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (4)回复的邮件中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 Dear Jenny, Thank you for your email. I would like to tell you something about_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lily 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jenny, Thank you for your email. I would like to tell you something about the after-class reading in our school. In fact, most students in our school haven’t realized the importance of after-class reading. Some students prefer comic books to classical reading materials. Here are the reasons. Some students are too busy with after-school activities to do after-school reading. Students haven’t formed a good habit of reading. Others have so little interest in reading that they don’t spend time reading at all. In the past few years, I have read many world classics. I have learned a lot from the books. In my opinion, books can open up our world to us. So I suggest that everyone should have the habit of after-school reading. Yours, Lily 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇电子邮件； ② 时态：一般现在时为主，一般过去时用于描述个人过去的阅读经历； ③ 提示：根据图示思维导图内容展开，包括“阅读现状”、“原因分析”、“个人经历与建议”，注意语言通顺，内容完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步：引入话题，说明你要介绍的是学校里的课外阅读情况； 第二步：描述大多数学生的阅读习惯（如不常读书，更喜欢漫画等）； 第三步：分析他们不爱阅读的原因（如没时间、没兴趣、没养成好习惯）； 第四步：谈谈自己的阅读经验和从书中收获的知识，给出鼓励阅读的建议； 第五步：总结，希望更多人爱上课外阅读。 [亮点词汇] ① in fact 事实上 ② prefer A to B 更喜欢A而不是B ③ too...to... 太……而不能…… ④ so...that... 如此……以至于…… ⑤ open up one’s world 打开一个人的视野 ⑥ in one’s opinion 据某人的观点 [高分句型] ① I have learned a lot from the books I’ve read in the past few years.（定语从句） ② I suggest that everyone should develop the habit of reading after class.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 九年级英语4月练习 满分:120分 时间：120分钟 姓名： 得分： 第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共65分) 一、单项选择(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. After the long journey, there was ________ energy left for exploring the city. Everyone just wanted to have a good rest. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 2. — I’m thinking about how to spend the weekend. What do you ________? — How about going camping with us? We can have fun together. A. insist B. imagine C. suggest D. suppose 3. The restaurant in Deji Plaza ________ for two months, but I ________ there so far. A. has opened; haven’t gone B. has been open; haven’t been C. has been opened; haven’t been D. has been open; haven’t been to 4. —Mum, could you buy me a dress like that? —Certainly, we can buy __________ one than this, but __________ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; not as good as 5. —The poem is written ________ an ancient style. —Do you mean that very few people ________ understand it? A. by; may B. for; can’t C. with; mustn’t D. in; can 6. It’s a custom for the Chinese _________ a gift for friends when visiting them. A. bring B. bringing C. to bring D. brought 7. Life often ________ to be stranger than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst. A. turns out B. puts out C. runs out D. breaks out 8. Here is a pie chart about the difficulties the 2,000 students meet when they learn English. According to the chart, ________ students think they don’t have enough time for learning English. A. one hundred B. three hundred C. seven hundred D. nine hundred 9. —I wonder ________. —I’m not sure. Maybe yes. A. what do you call the animal B. how long he has written the main points C. whether Mr. Li has come back or is still there D. if Dave has got his driver’s license 10. — I didn’t expect to see you studying at the library so early in the morning. —________. A. Every dog has its day B. Many hands make light work C. The early bird catches the worm D. Like father, like son 二、完形填空(本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Back in New York, I am fighting fires as the assistant captain (副队长) of a volunteer fire company. I still remember my first fire. Before this, I had never joined in any rescue (救援). As a volunteer, I needed to follow the captain’s instructions ____11____ , no matter what I thought. On that night, I was the second volunteer to ____12____ the scene. When I found the captain for my task, he was talking with the ____13____. She was standing in the pouring rain, barefooted (赤脚的), while her house was on fire. What was ____14____, her dog was still in the fire. The other volunteer, who had arrived just ____15____ earlier before me, was asked to go inside and save the dog. The captain waved me over. He said, “Bezos, I need you to go upstairs past the fire, and get this woman a pair of shoes.” This was not exactly what I was hoping for. I was green with envy of the ____16____ guy, just because he beat me by five seconds. I managed to be a volunteer to save others’ lives, not to get others’ shoes. ____17____ I obeyed and went off, up the stars and down the hall, passing the firefighters. They nearly ____18____ the fire at this point, and I rushed into the owner’s bedroom to get a pair of shoes. I knew I was not a ____19____. After all, I didn’t save anyone, and I just got the shoes for the lady. On the way, I met the other volunteer with the dog. We took the “treasures” we ____20____ outside to the homeowner. Not surprisingly, the other ____21____ received much more attention than me. A few weeks later, the company heard from the homeowner. She said she never thought that we were willing to rush into the fire ____22____ for a pair of shoes. I didn’t expect she could ____23____ the small action make a great ____24____ in somebody’s life. If you have something to give, give it right now. Never…it’s too small. Not every day is going to offer us a chance to save somebody’s life, but every day offers us an opportunity to ____25____ one. So get in the game. Save the shoes. 11. A. politely B. rapidly C. strictly D. smoothly 12. A. search B. reach C. leave D. find 13. A. manager B. neighbour C. homeowner D. interviewer 14. A. better B. worse C. luckier D. stranger 15 A. a little B. a few C. little D. few 16. A. patient B. bad C. lucky D. energetic 17. A. And B. So C. Since D. But 18. A. put down B. put out C. put away D. put off 19. A. hero B. captain C. owner D. doctor 20. A. washed B. played C. bought D. saved 21. A. host B. leader C. volunteer D. cleaner 22. A. just B. still C. also D. even 23. A. remain B. prove C. remember D. forget 24. A. promise B. difference C. hope D. success 25. A. admire B. save C. influence D. follow 三、阅读理解(本题共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 第一节 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Eggshells (蛋壳) are very thin and are easy to break, but their shape enables them to support a surprising amount of weight. Want to have a try? Follow the steps in the experiment (实验) and see what will happen. 1 Lightly hit one end of an egg and pour out the content. 2 Draw a line at the widest point around the egg. 3 Cut around the line with scissors. Prepare another three eggs in this way. 4 Put your eggs in a square. Carefully lay a brick or more on top of the shells. __________ An arch is strong because its shape evenly (均匀地) spreads the weight that it supports. A dome is like a series of many arches arranged (排列) in a circle. Your halved eggshell s are mini domes. 26. For this experiment, you need to prepare at least ________ eggs. A. one B. two C. three D. four 27. What can be put in “________”? A. How does this work? B. Why are eggs put in a square? C. How much weight can eggshells support? D. Which shape is stronger, an arch or a dome? 28. Which of the following shows the similar principle (原理) in the reading material? A. B. C. D. ①In today’s busy world, research shows that more and more people are feeling “time poor”. Time poverty (贫穷) can happen when study, work, or social duties take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests. It can also happen when people feel like they are running out of time to reach their goals or finish tasks before the deadline (截止日期). Besides, we often say “yes” to any extra work. It could be to help your team or your friends. But by saying “yes” to everything, you are adding another task to an already full plate. ②People who don’t have enough time fail to perform well at work and remain stressed. Too much stress can harm mental (心理的) health. Moreover, less quality (优质的) time with friends and families can make a person feel lonelier. So how can you stop being time poor? ③Firstly, manage your time properly. It may seem harmless to stay in bed till noon on weekends, but the time wasted every week can add up quickly if you don’t realize it. In order to make better use of your time, you can make careful plans before you actually spend it. Try to find out what things in your life are not that important for now and put them off. In this way, you can stick to your plan and focus better on your work. ④Secondly, make quality time a true value in your life. It’s important to focus on how you spend your time with someone or doing something. Train yourself to be more present in your life. That is to say, pay attention to one thing at a time. For example, when you are spending time with your family, be present and enjoy yourself rather than still worry about work. ⑤We are all given the same 24 hours each day. By managing your time properly and valuing quality time, you can make the most of your life and become the real owner of it. 29. Which person below will most probably experience time poverty? A. Mark spends his free time having fun with his family. B. Sue watches her favorite TV shows for long hours. C. John stays up until midnight to study for the exams. D. Kate finishes her project a week before the deadline. 30. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Social duties. B. Personal interests. C. Careful plans. D. Unimportant things. 31. What is the right structure of this passage? (P=Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 32. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To warn people about many risks of being time poor. B. To teach people how to make better use of their time. C. To remind people to spend more time with their families. D. To encourage people to stick to their plans and dreams. When I was organizing my clothes I accidentally found a set of Hanfu I only wore once. Since a Chinese friend gave me a set of ancient-style hair accessories (配饰), I matched a whole set of Hanfu. Then, ancient-style articles appeared in my clothes one after another. When I saw them again, I thought of a sentence: I may have been caught by the “birdcage (鸟笼) effect”! “Birdcage effect (BCE)” is one of the top ten psychological (心理的) problems that human beings cannot easily deal with. BCE means that when you get something one day, you will probably prepare more things to match it. There is a story behind it. One day, James, a psychologist, joked with his friend Carlson and predicted that Carlson would surely raise a bird. At first, Carlson didn’t care. When James gave Carlson a birdcage on his birthday, friends who visited Carlson’s house believed that he had raised birds. During that process, Carlson kept explaining. In the end he really bought a bird. Like Carlson, many people have been or are being caught in the BCE. My friend Tinny said she wanted to buy a good pen to match a pretty notebook her sister gave her. I joked that she must have been caught in the BCE. But my friend said with a smile: “Why not use the ‘birdcage effect’ instead? When I have a beautiful notebook, I will want to buy a pen that is smooth and easy to write, and next I will want to buy a book I like, and then start to take notes.” For the first time, I heard that the BCE could be used in reverse. However, this reminded me of my middle school days, and I seemed to have used the BCE. One day, I bought a magazine and saw the call for writings published in the magazine, so I started writing. After that, I bought a beautiful notebook to record my feelings. More and more magazines appeared in my study, and my interest for writing increased. How can we stop being caught in the BCE in many things and even use it? Various “birdcages” unavoidably appear in life, but we can divide them. If it is not in line with the actual situation, it is a “negative birdcage”, so we must learn to stop losses in time. If it is a “positive birdcage” that drives us to develop upward, we can clear our goals up and encourage ourselves to move towards our goals. At this time, we will find that the BCE is actually not so terrible! 33. Why does the writer talk about Hanfu in Paragraph 1? A. To describe her life style. B. To explain the origin of BCE. C. To introduce Chinese culture. D. To show an example of the BCE. 34. The words “in reverse” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________ . A. easily and smoothly B. in a creative way C. in the other way round D. forward and backward 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. The term BCE came from Carlson’s story. B. James used the BCE to record his feelings. C. Tinny was caught in the BCE so she bought a good pen. D The writer bought a book because he was caught in the BCE. 36. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Birdcage Effect: Why Is It So Terrible? B. The Birdcage Effect: Why Are We Caught in It? C. The Birdcage Effect: How to Avoid It in Your Life? D. The Birdcage Effect: How to Use It to Your Advantage? D Are you avoiding pain or living with a purpose? There are two paths we can take in any given situation: One is the path of avoiding pain at the moment and the other is the more difficult path of delaying (推迟) pleasure for a bigger purpose. Some people don’t see the value in having patience during difficult times or working towards a goal. They would rather buy the latest, greatest cellphone than save for retirement (退休). We often make our life choices according to how we can avoid pain at the moment and, in doing so, fail to see that the path of delaying gratification (满足) is sometimes where the real solutions to our problems lie. Studies show that delaying gratification is one of the most effective personal qualities of successful people. People who learn how to manage their needs that need to be satisfied at the moment thrive (蓬勃发展) more in their careers, relationships and health than people who give in to them. A well-known study conducted at Stanford University in the 1960s explains a lot about why it’s beneficial to delay gratification. In the study, children were placed in a room with one marshmallow on a plate. The leading researcher gave the children an easy instruction: You can eat the marshmallow now, or wait 15 minutes and receive two marshmallows. The researchers found that the children who were able to wait for the second marshmallow without eating the first one scored higher on standardized tests, had better health, and were less likely to have behavior problems. Consider the result of this study, and think about yourself and your actions. Are you able to wait for things you really want, even if it involves giving up pleasure and satisfaction now? Do you make decisions based on your life purpose or on what feels good now? Do you sometimes give up too soon? Can you think of a time when you successfully completed a difficult task? How did it make you feel about yourself? What were the results of waiting? Delaying gratification isn’t a new concept. Back in 300 BC, Aristotle saw that the reason why so many people were unhappy was that they confused pleasure with true happiness. True happiness, according to Aristotle, is about developing habits and surrounding yourself with people who grow your soul (灵魂). This allows you to move towards your greatest natural ability. True happiness needs delaying pleasure, and putting in the time, discipline and patience required to achieve a goal instead of feeling good now. A life of purposes, aligned (保持一致) with the pursuit of true happiness, creates real joy. It keeps your happiness pretty steady (稳定的) throughout your life. So, which path would you like to take? 37. People who delay gratification will probably ________. A. avoid pain and give up at the moment B. work hard patiently for a bigger goal C. fail to see where the real solutions to their problems lie D. fail easily in their careers, relationships and health 38. Why does the writer mention the well-known study in Paragraph 4? A. To show children’s different choices. B. To tell readers the study was a very scientific one. C. To prove the value of putting off gratification. D. To explain why some children were more successful. 39 The writer probably agrees that ________. A. a purposeful life can bring us real joy B. pleasure helps us to make correct decisions C. pleasure plays a key role in a life of purposes D. true happiness is about avoiding pain at the moment 40. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To encourage us to delay pleasure for a bigger purpose. B. To explain the meanings of pleasure and true happiness. C. To compare two different paths to a life of purposes. D. To discuss the good effects of delaying gratification. 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Friends are important in our lives. But not all of friends stand the test of time. We spoke about friendships with Marisa Franco, writer of the book How Can You Make And Keep Friends. ____41____ Accept changes in life ____42____ Things just keep coming and going. Franco said: “Nobody really wants the friendship to end, but people get busy and can’t keep the friendship any more.” It doesn’t mean we are not qualified (合格的) friends. Instead, it makes us value what we have at present. ____43____ “When being with friends, the relationship will get worse if you keep leaving something unsaid instead of communicating with each other positively (积极地).” Franco said. We might be afraid of having arguments. But if we think about it and talk in peace, it can be a sign that you care enough to fix the friendship. Allow yourself to feel sad Normally, when a friendship ends, there is a process of feeling sad. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient with yourself. The way society views friendships may make your sadness last longer. When a friendship ends, you are questioned, “Sorry for your loss, but why are you still in a bad mood?” Then you think “Is it wrong to feel sad?” ____44____ Of course, you are upset, which means you love your friend deeply. “And you can’t put a timeline on your sadness. Sadness is just a process of feeling emotion over time.” Franco said. Be kind to yourself along the way It’s important to forgive (原谅) yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. ____45____ But don’t go into a new friendship feeling afraid. “Your understanding of friendship in your brain isn’t just colored by this one experience.” Franco said. A. Make the unsaid said. B. Losing friends is a part of life. C. Solve problems as quickly as possible. D. One way to make you feel better again is to make new friends. E. Come on, you lost someone you are close to. F. Here are four tips to remember if you’re losing a friend. 第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共55分) 四、词汇运用(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who ____46____ (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is ____47____ (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place ____48____ (go),” Ye said. Dreams of ____49____ (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who ____50____ (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come ____51____ (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at ____52____ (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon—____53____ (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the ____54____ (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for ____55____ (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. 五、短文填空(本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Balloons are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events (事件), such as f____56____ and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, b____57____ they can bring about some serious problems. After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away f____58____ where they were released, causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. They can fly a____59____ everywhere, including waterways, oceans, mountains and farmlands. Well, in our daily life, there are two types of balloons. Most of the balloons we use are latex (乳 胶) balloons. In fact, i____60____ will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution before they do. The other one is Mylar (聚酯薄膜) balloons. They are a k____61____ of plastic balloons which can not be decomposed and can stay in the environment forever. Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into smaller pieces in the sun. All of these materials can add to the amount of plastic w____62____ in our environment. At the same time, it can result the death of animals. Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if eaten, those pieces can make them h____63____ to breathe and then cause them to die. Even worse, some birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they are food, and even f____64____ them to their babies So, don’t release balloons any more in order to r____65____ the pollution and protect animals. Small step we take can make the world better, healthier and cleaner. 六、阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 A freezing sport Rock climbing has been a popular sport for a long time. It’s still popular today, but now a lot of rock climbers are tryıng something new—ice climbing. Ice climbing is a lot like rock climbing. When you go rock climbing, you climb a mountain. When you go ice climbing, you climb ice. Some ice climbers climb frozen waterfalls. Others climb glaciers(冰川). Still others climb mountains that are covered with ice. Sometimes, they climb a mountain that is covered in ice only in some places. When they are climbing parts that don’t have ice, they’ re rock climbing. When they’re climbing parts that have ice, they’re ice climbing. As people made better equipment (装备), ice climbing started to become easier and more popular. In 1908, a climber made special boots called “crampons”. These boots made ice climbing easier and safer. After that, more people were willing to try ice climbing. In the 1960s, another climber invented special axes. Climbers can use the axes to hit the ice. The axes go into the ice. Then the climber can pull himself or herself up. These days, a lot of people are taking ice climbing classes. In order to go ice climbing, you have to be strong and healthy. In fact, some teachers say that you should do special exercises before you start to climb. Here’s one good thing about ice climbing. You can do it in easy places or difficult places. People who want to try something simple can climb glaciers or small mountains. Those are usually pretty easy. People who want to try something more challenging can find a more difficult place. The hardest places are usually steep mountains and frozen waterfalls. However, you should never go ice climbing alone. You should always go with a teacher. A lot of people love ice climbing because it’s hard. These people like to challenge themselves. Some say that when you get to the top of a glacier or a frozen waterfall, you’ll have the best feeling. 66. Where can people go ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 67. When was a kind of special axe invented? ___________________________________________________________________________ 68. What’s the good thing about ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 69. Why should people do special exercises before they begin to go ice climbing? ___________________________________________________________________________ 70. Do you prefer easy places or difficult places to try ice climbing? Why? (请自拟一句话作答) ___________________________________________________________________________ 七、书面表达(本题满分25分) 71. 假设你是无锡某所中学的 Lily，你的英国笔友 Jenny想了解中国学生课外阅读的情况。请你根据下图提示，给她回一封电子邮件。 注意： (1)回复的邮件须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯，并展开合理想象，作适当发挥； (2)思维导图中的提示为非限定性内容，仅供参考； (3)词数90左右，回复邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (4)回复的邮件中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 Dear Jenny, Thank you for your email. I would like to tell you something about_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lily 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$