精品解析：广东省深圳市红山中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次段考英语试卷

深圳市红山中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期第一次段考 英语 满分：130分 第一部分 基础知识（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The “loneliness epidemic (流行病)” has been widely reported in recent years, affecting young and old. Thus, people call on the government to address it. A. apparently B. nobly C. dramatically D. urgently 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：近年来，“孤独流行病”被广泛报道，影响着年轻人和老年人。因此，人们迫切呼吁政府解决这个问题。A. apparently明显地；B. nobly高尚地；C. dramatically戏剧性地；D. urgently迫切地。因为“孤独流行病”影响广泛，涉及到年轻人和老年人，所以人们希望政府能够尽快解决这个问题，用副词urgently修饰动词短语call on，表达人们呼吁的状态最为合适。故选D项。 2. He ______ his success to his social teacher, who is a beacon in his life on the road to writing. A. owed B. compared C. assigned D. dedicated 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把他的成功归功于他的社会老师，这位老师是他写作道路上的灯塔。A. owed把……归功于；B. compared比较；C. assigned分配；D. dedicated致力于。由“who is a beacon in his life on the road to writing”可知，这位社会老师是他在写作道路上的灯塔，这表明社会老师对他的成功起到了重要作用，他把自己的成功归功于社会老师，owe sth. to sb.意为“把某事归功于某人”，符合语境。故选A项。 3. The railway network has been expanded, ______ the movement of goods and people across the country. A. tackling B. detracting C. exploding D. facilitating 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：铁路网络已经得到扩展，这促进了全国范围内货物和人员的流动。A. tackling处理、应对；B. detracting贬低、减损；C. exploding爆炸、爆发；D. facilitating促进、使便利。结合语境和常识，铁路网络的扩展应该是对货物和人员在全国的流动起到积极的推动作用，动词“facilitating”来描述铁路网络扩展带来的结果是最合适的。故选D项。 4. He apologized to all the staff at a meeting to remove the ______ between him and his colleagues. A. intervention B. version C. division D. variation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在会议上向所有员工道歉，以消除他和同事之间的不和。A. intervention干预，介入；B. version版本，说法；C. division分歧，不和；D. variation变化，变异。结合“He apologized to all the staff”可知，空格处应表达“不和”，故用division，作remove的宾语。故选C。 5. A traffic accident caused him to lose a leg, making the world he had known . A. collapse B. collaborate C. compensate D. conserve 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场交通事故使他失去了一条腿，让他所熟知的世界崩塌了。A. collapse崩塌，崩溃；B. collaborate合作；C. compensate补偿；D. conserve保存。根据“A traffic accident caused him to lose a leg”可知，交通事故使他失去了一条腿，所以他熟知的世界崩塌了。故选A项。 6. We often fall into a  of believing others’ negative judgement or even criticism, which directly ruins our confidence. A. criterion B. trap C. session D. mist 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常陷入一种相信别人负面评价甚至批评的陷阱中，这直接损害了我们的信心。A. criterion标准，准则；B. trap陷阱，圈套；C. session会议，学期；D. mist薄雾，水汽。根据下文“believing others’ negative judgement or even criticism, which directly ruins our confidence(相信别人负面评价甚至批评，这直接损害了我们的信心)”可知，相信别人负面评价甚至批评会损害我们的信心，这是一种不良的状态，就像掉进了一个不好的“陷阱”里，故选B项。 7. -The kids are at Grandma’s home today, so you can have a good rest. -Yes. I know that they will be . A. in consequence B. for good C. in good hands D. in vain 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：—— 孩子们今天在奶奶家，所以你可以好好休息一下。—— 是的。我知道他们会受到很好的照顾。A. in consequence 因此；结果；B. for good 永远；C. in good hands 受到很好的照顾；由可靠的人负责；D. in vain 徒劳地；白费力气地。根据上文 “The kids are at Grandma’s home today, so you can have a good rest (孩子们今天在奶奶家，所以你可以好好休息一下)”可知，孩子在奶奶家，说话人知道孩子们会被照顾得很好，所以自己可以放心休息， 故选C项。 8. Don’t be nervous! You spend so much time getting ready and your efforts will surely good fruit. A broke out B. turned out C. took over D. brought forth 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要紧张！你花了这么多时间做准备，你的努力肯定会取得好的结果。A. broke out爆发；B. turned out结果是；C. took over接管；D. brought forth产生，带来。由“Don’t be nervous!”可知，前面提到不要紧张，你花了这么多时间做准备，由此可推测，此处应是说努力会带来好的结果，brought forth符合题意。故选D项。 9. The film Ne Zha presents audiences a wonderful with its splendid cartoon and vast picture. A. visual B. integral C. mutual D. critical 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电影《哪吒》以其绚丽的卡通和宏大的画面为观众呈现了一场精彩的视觉盛宴。A. visual视觉的；B. integral完整的；C. mutual相互的；D. critical批评的。根据“with its splendid cartoon and vast picture”可知，电影《哪吒》绚丽的卡通和宏大的画面为观众呈现了一场精彩的视觉盛宴，visual符合题意。故选A项。 10. The committee ________ members from neighboring districts walked into the meeting room, ________ face showed that something was wrong. A. consisted of; the expression on their B. consisting of; the expression on whose C. was consisting of; the expression on their D. was consisting of; the expression on whose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：临近地区委员组成的委员会走进会议室，脸上的表情显示出出了问题。consist of由……组成，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态和进行时态，所以用现在分词短语作后置定语修饰the committee；第二空为非限定性定语从句，句中先行词为members，在非限定性定语从句中作名词face的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选B。 11. Experts felt necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. A. that B. it C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查 it 作形式宾语。句意：专家们认为有必要想出一个计划，把岛上所有的兔子都清除掉。此处为固定句型： feel it + 形容词 + to do sth.，it是形式宾语，形容词作宾补，不定式是真正的主语。故选B项。 12. With each classroom ______ the computer and Internet access, teachers can share teaching resources in class. A to equip with B. equipping with C. equipped with D. being equipped with 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个教室都配备了电脑和网络接入，教师们可以在课堂上共享教学资源。本句为“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语each classroom与equip with之间是被动关系，表示“每个教室被配备”，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 13. — Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday? — Because I my mother in the kitchen at that time. The deadline is coming, but I my homework. A. helped; didn’t finish B. was helping; haven’t finished C. helped; haven’t finished D. was helping; wouldn’t finish 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：——你昨天为什么不接我的电话？——因为那时我正在厨房帮我妈妈。截止日期快到了，但我还没完成作业。第一个回答昨天打电话时为何不接电话这一问题，根据时间状语“at that time”，描述过去某个时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时态was helping；第二个空处说截止日期快到了，但现在作业还没完成，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时haven’t finished。故选B项。 14. Look at these magnificent structures! They when I dropped by this time last year. A. were built B. are being built C. have been built D. were being built 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：看看这些宏伟的建筑！去年这个时候我顺便拜访时，它们正在被建造。由“when I dropped by this time last year”可知，时间状语表示的是过去的某个具体时间点，表示去年这个时候这些建筑正在被建造，强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，且主语They和build之间是被动关系，所以要用过去进行时的被动语态。故选D。 15. It was in the remote village _______ he grew up _______ he developed his love for nature. A. that; that B. where; that C. that; that D. where; where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句型。句意：就是在他长大的那个偏僻的村庄里，他养成了他对大自然的热爱。本句第一个空需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为village，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需要使用关系副词where；第二个空需要使用that与句首It is构成强调句的固定结构，对地点状语“in the village”进行强调，且village被定语从句修饰，因此第一个空填where，第二个空填that。故选B。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Wander at the mighty Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving ancient wonder; watch the sun set over the magic of Petra; and explore tree-lined avenues in Esfahan, Iran. All with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Middle East and begin your journey now! Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East: ● Colour maps and images throughout ● Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots ● Essential info at your fingertips — hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit (换乘) tips, prices ● Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, shopping, hidden highlights that most guidebooks miss ● Cultural insights provide a richer, more rewarding travel experience covering history, people, sculptures, paintings, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics. Coverage Includes: Egypt, Iran, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey Book Details ISBN: 9781786570710 Writers: Anthony Ham, Paul Clammer, Orlando Crowcroft, Mark Elliott, Anita Isalska 608 pages, 256 pages color, 90 maps | Dimensions: 128mm×197mm Next edition due: Dec 2024 16. What information can readers get from Lonely Planet’s Middle East? A. Black-and-white maps and images. B. Tips from popular guidebooks. C. Famous writers’ personal information. D. Reviews for all budgets. 17. In terms of cultural reflection, which aspect is NOT mentioned in Lonely Planet’s Middle East？ A. Food B. Philosophy C. Art D. Ecology 18. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To appeal to us to travel to Middle East. B. To introduce some famous attractions in Middle East. C. To recommend a book about Middle East. D. To teach how to discover treasures in Middle East. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《孤独星球之中东》这本书的相关信息，包括书的内容、涵盖地区、书籍细节等。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East:”部分“Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, shopping, hidden highlights that most guidebooks miss(对于各种预算的诚实评价 —— 饮食、住宿、观光、购物，以及大多数旅游指南错过的隐藏亮点)”可知，读者可以从《孤独星球之中东》这本书中获得关于各种预算的诚实评价。故选D项。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East:”部分“Cultural insights provide a richer, more rewarding travel experience covering history, people, sculptures, paintings, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics(文化见解提供了更丰富、更有意义的旅行体验，涵盖了历史、人物、雕塑、绘画、音乐、风景、野生动物、美食、政治)”可知，这本书在文化方面的见解涵盖了历史、人物、雕塑、绘画、音乐、风景、野生动物、美食、政治等方面，没有提到哲学。故选B项。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Wander at the mighty Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving ancient wonder; watch the sun set over the magic of Petra; and explore tree-lined avenues in Esfahan, Iran. All with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Middle East and begin your journey now!(《孤独星球中东》是你获取最新、最实用旅行建议的通行证，告诉你哪些地方值得一看，哪些地方可以跳过，以及哪些隐藏的发现等待着你。在雄伟的吉萨金字塔前漫步，感受这古老奇迹的最后留存；观赏佩特拉古城在魔法般的日落，探索伊朗设拉子绿树成荫的大道。带上你可靠的旅行伴侣，深入中东的核心，立即开始你的旅程)”、“Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East(孤独星球中东)”、“Coverage Includes(覆盖范围包括)”以及“Book Details(书籍详情)”可知，文章开篇介绍了《孤独星球之中东》这本书是关于中东地区旅游的指南，接着详细说明了书中的内容，如彩色地图和图片、实用小贴士、基本信息、各种预算的评价、文化见解等，还介绍了书籍的ISBN、作者、页数、尺寸以及下一版预计出版时间等细节。由此可推断，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于中东地区的书，故选C项。 B Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. I feel an unusual sensation and all of a sudden: panic! My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough. Let me go back a few decades, back to when anxiety wasn’t part of my life. When I was a child, I loved art. I drew and I colored because that’s what I enjoyed. I went to college to become an art teacher. When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside. Luckily, after the birth of my daughter in 2014, the desire to create came back. At first, I was using a tiny corner of a bedroom in our rental house to paint. Eventually we bought a house, and I had the space to spread out, ready to paint whenever the urge struck. That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practices (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet. I think the reason why painting is so helpful for my anxiety is that, in order for me to be anxious, I have to be worrying about the future and what it holds. When I’m doing an activity that requires my full concentration, I have to be in the moment. It doesn’t matter if you’re artistic. The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future. 19. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 1? A. Cautious. B. Impatient. C. Carefree. D. Insecure. 20. Why did the author give up on art temporarily? A. Because her daughter was born. B. Because she couldn’t make a living. C. Because some big event happened. D. Because she was busy with her study. 21. How does painting ease the author’s fears and anxieties? A. Painting makes her stay in a place. B. Colors of painting calm her down. C. Painting makes less room for worries. D. Painting is a very creative activity. 22. What does the story mainly tell us? A. What is important is to seize the moment. B. Anxiety may be beneficial to life at times. C. It is necessary to learn some art in childhood. D. Painting is the best way to ease people’s mind. 【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过绘画来缓解焦虑和担忧的经历，强调了活在当下的重要性。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough.(多年来，焦虑就像一只寻找骨头的迷路狗一样跟着我。当我担心自己或女儿的健康时，我感受最深。然而，我的担忧并不仅限于健康问题，还包括对世界未来的焦虑、对财务状况的担忧，以及担心自己不够好)”可知，作者多年来一直被焦虑所困扰，担心自己和女儿的健康，以及对未来的担忧等，说明作者感到不安全。由此可推断出，作者在第一段中给人的印象是“不安全的（Insecure）”。故选D项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside.(2001年5月，当我完成学业时，我有了一份兼职设计工作，2001年9月11日事件之后，我知道我需要旅行，走出我在家乡过着的安逸生活。就在那时，我的创作实践被搁置一旁)”可知，作者在2001年9月11日事件之后，决定去旅行，走出安逸的生活，因此暂时放弃了艺术创作。由此可知，作者暂时放弃艺术是因为“发生了一些重大事件”。故选C项。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practices (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet.(就在那时，我开始注意到一件重要的事情：绘画以一种其他任何方式都无法做到的方式让我平静下来。它以其他方式（深呼吸等）无法缓解我的恐惧和焦虑，至少不像绘画那样持续。当焦虑的想法开始时，我就知道该怎么做。我走进我的工作室，拿起一些材料，开始创作。很快，担忧就消失了，取而代之的是我的头脑变得平静)”可知，绘画能让作者平静下来，缓解恐惧和焦虑，当作者感到焦虑时，就会走进工作室开始创作，很快担忧就消失了，头脑变得平静。由此可推断出，绘画通过减少担忧的空间来缓解作者的恐惧和焦虑。故选C项。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合最后一段“I think the reason why painting is so helpful for my anxiety is that, in order for me to be anxious, I have to be worrying about the future and what it holds. When I’m doing an activity that requires my full concentration, I have to be in the moment. It doesn’t matter if you’re artistic. The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future.(我认为绘画对我的焦虑如此有帮助的原因是，为了让我焦虑，我必须担心未来和它所带来的东西。当我做一件需要全神贯注的事情时，我必须活在当下。你是否有艺术天赋并不重要。唯一重要的是找到一种方法，活在现在，而不是不可知的未来)”可知，作者认为绘画对她的焦虑有帮助，因为当她全神贯注于绘画时，她必须活在当下，而不是担心未来。由此可知，文章通过讲述作者通过绘画来缓解焦虑和担忧的经历，强调了活在当下的重要性。故选A项。 C As humans encroach (侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move — it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. But this nighttime switch comes with its own risks. Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development. GPS trackers were used to follow the animals, and motion-activated cameras were also applied to this study. Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far more active than they were before humans arrived hunting and looking for food in the dark. For example, animals that used to split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity to 68%. The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted. The researchers believe these nighttime behaviors not only allow humans and animals to coexist more peacefully, they may be able to give us hints as to how to plan conservation efforts accordingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is more active. But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a night-time lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. So, just because animals are becoming more active at night doesn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence of humans. 23 Why are animals becoming more active at night? A. It is easier to find food at night. B. It is easier to escape being hunted. C. They can be less affected by humans. D. They have got used to nightlife. 24. How did the researchers find the animals’ behavioral changes? A. They followed the animals in person. B. They used modern technologies. C. They compared different animals. D. They found more animals at night. 25. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A. Any human encroachment can affect animals. B. Animals can be affected only when being hunted. C. Deer can get used to nightlife easily. D. Animals should stay away from humans. 26. What is the passage mainly about? A. Animals face both benefits and risks of nightlife. B. Animals have their own ways of getting used to life changes. C. Animals should be well protected before it is too late. D. Animals move to nightlife due to human invasion. 【答案】23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于人类不断侵入野生动物栖息地，许多动物为避免受人类影响转为夜间活动，同时这种转变也存在风险。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. (出于恐惧，各种以前在白天活动的动物，如狐狸、鹿和野猪，为了避免人类活动而在夜间变得活跃起来)”可知，动物在夜间变得更活跃是为了减少受人类的影响。故选C项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“GPS trackers were used to follow the animals, and motion activated cameras were also applied to this study.(研究人员使用GPS追踪器跟踪动物，还使用了运动感应相机进行这项研究)”可知，研究人员是利用现代技术来发现动物行为变化的。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted.(研究小组还发现，无论人类活动是否直接影响到它们，动物对这些人类入侵的反应都是相似的。所以，一只鹿可能仅仅因为看到人类在附近徒步旅行而在夜间变得更加活跃，而不是因为它正在被猎杀)”可知，任何形式的人类侵入都会影响动物。故选A项。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“As humans encroach (侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move — it’s to adapt to the night life. (随着人类越来越多地侵入野生动物栖息地，动物们发现生存的最佳方式不是收拾行李搬家，而是适应夜间生活)”可知，本文主要介绍了由于人类的侵入，动物转向夜间活动这一现象。故选D项。 D The pleasure people get from a piece of music has been linked to its effects on our emotional responses and ability to form social connections. The degree of enjoyment differs from person to person, but little is known about why. To see if genetics (遗传学) can account for it, Giacomo Bignardi at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands and his colleagues conducted a new study. The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions. The researchers got the twins to complete the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire, which focused on how much pleasure they get from music. For example, they were asked the extent to which they agreed with statements such as “when I share music with someone I feel a special connection with that person” and “in my free time I hardly listen to music”. The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones. “While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music, it’s obscure that the degree of pleasure from listening to music is influenced by genes, so it is inspiring that the study finds this effect,” says Peter Harrison at the University of Cambridge. However, Nick Collins at Durham University, UK thinks differently. “Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone,” he says. 27. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. How twins contribute to the progress of genetic research. B. Why the researchers chose the twins as research subjects. C. What makes the new study different from previous ones. D. What inspired the researchers to conduct the new study. 28. What is the finding of the new study? A. The secret of musical talent lies in our genes. B. Our genes determine what kind of music we like. C. Our genes can influence how much we enjoy music. D. The pleasure that different people get from music varies greatly. 29. Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 4? A. easy to conclude. B. reasonable to assume. C. impossible to prove. D. difficult to see. 30. What is Nick Collins’ attitude towards the research finding? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项关于基因对人们从音乐中获得快乐的影响的研究。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions.(研究人员观察了瑞典双胞胎登记处的9000多名双胞胎。其中大约3400对是同卵双胞胎，5600对是异卵双胞胎。前者拥有相同的基因组，而异卵双胞胎只共享一半的基因组，这使得研究人员能够通过比较来确定基因的影响。此外，研究中的所有双胞胎都在同一个家庭中长大，因此成长环境相似。这使得区分基因的贡献变得更容易。)”可知，研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象是因为他们可以通过比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的基因差异来确定基因的影响；由此可知，从第二段可以了解为什么研究人员选择双胞胎作为研究对象。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones.(结果表明，基因似乎在影响音乐带来的快乐程度方面发挥着重要作用，同卵双胞胎在这一特征上的相似性是非同卵双胞胎的两倍多。)”可知，这项新研究的发现是我们的基因可以影响我们从音乐中获得多少快乐。故选C。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music.(虽然音乐能力可能有遗传基础是相当容易理解的，这为为什么有些人似乎有音乐天赋提供了一个简单的解释。)可知，“obscure”所在的部分与上文是转折关系，上文说音乐能力有遗传基础是容易理解的，那么可推测出“obscure”的意思应该是“不容易看出”或“难以察觉”。故选D。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone.(某些音乐能力和偏好可能受到遗传学的影响，但在音乐发展中存在大量文化元素，这些元素并非仅由遗传学所能解释。)”可知，Nick Collins认为这项研究结果有疑点，即他对此持怀疑态度。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I hated writing growing up. But I couldn’t avoid it: learning English was a must in high school. For hours, I stared at blank pages, trying to turn my disorganized thoughts into fluent sentences. I tried my best but my teachers would return my papers littered with red. I was upset to no end. ____31____. And that was OK. I didn’t have to do well in everything. ____32____. I liked it because objective truth could be found if I searched properly. In college, I joined a research lab to enhance conductor efficiency, and after a year of hard work, we developed a design that halved energy losses. However, the joy was short-lived as I had to write a research paper about our findings. I knew that if I wanted to become an academic, I would need to spend time writing papers. But with my awful track record with writing, I was scared of failing. In a panic, I asked a graduate student in my lab for help. We defined a goal for the paper, and I carefully wrote an outline. But when I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper covered in red marks. ____33____. Before I could give up in defeat, though, the graduate student explained those red marks didn’t mean I was a bad writer. ____34____. It requires revising your work, often several times. I kept improving the outline of my paper, eventually turning it into sentences and paragraphs. My initial draft wasn’t perfect. I had buried a few key takeaways, and the introduction was missing important context. But with help, I finally made it. From then on, writing became one of my favorite parts of research. ____35____, but I changed my view. All it took was some trial and error. A. “Not again,” I screamed inside B. I should view it in a positive way C. Maybe I wasn’t good at writing D. Writing isn’t a one-and-done thing E. I soon realized writing was my strength F. I switched to the world of math and science G. I had never imagined it in my wildest dreams 【答案】31. C 32. F 33. A 34. D 35. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从讨厌写作到逐渐喜欢上写作的心路历程。 【31题详解】 由上文“I tried my best but my teachers would return my papers littered with red. I was upset to no end. (我尽了最大的努力，但老师们总是把满是红笔批改痕迹的论文还给我。我一直很沮丧)”以及下文“And that was OK. I didn’t have to do well in everything. (那也没关系。我不必擅长所有事情。)”可知，本空应表达作者对自己写作能力的看法。C选项“也许我不是天生就适合写作”体现了作者觉得自己可能不具备写作天赋，能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 【32题详解】 由下文“I liked it because objective truth could be found if I searched properly. In college, I joined a research lab to enhance conductor efficiency, and after a year of hard work, we developed a design that halved energy losses. (我喜欢它是因为只要我认真去探寻，就能找到客观的真相。在大学期间，我加入了一个研究实验室，旨在提高导体的效率。经过一年的努力工作，我们终于设计出了一种能将能量损耗减半的方案。)”可知，作者喜欢客观真理，并且参与了和科学相关的研究，本空应强调作者转向了与科学相关的领域。F选项“我转向了数学和科学的领域”能引出下文作者在数学和科学方面的经历，符合语境。故选F。 【33题详解】 由上文“But when I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper covered in red marks. (但当我向他征求反馈时，我很快发现论文上满是红笔标记。)”可知，作者的论文又被批改出很多问题，本空应表达作者此时的感受。A选项““不会又这样吧，” 我在心里尖叫道”体现了作者看到满是红笔标记时的无奈和沮丧情绪，能承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 【34题详解】 由上文“Before I could give up in defeat, though, the graduate student explained those red marks didn’t mean I was a bad writer. (不过，在我准备灰心丧气放弃的时候，这位研究生却解释说那些红色的标记并不意味着我是个糟糕的写作者。)”以及下文“It requires revising your work, often several times. (它需要多次修改你的作品。)”可知，本空应进一步解释写作需要多次修改的特点。D选项“写作不是一蹴而就的事情”说明了写作需要多次修改，不是一次就能完成的，能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 【35题详解】 由上文“From then on, writing became one of my favorite parts of research. (从那时起，写作成了我研究中最喜欢的部分之一。)”以及下文“but I changed my view. All it took was some trial and error. (但我改变了想法。所需要的只是一些反复尝试。)”可知，本空应表达作者之前对写作的态度和现在的反差。G选项“我做梦也没想到会这样”体现了作者之前从未想过写作会成为自己喜欢的部分，与下文的转折形成对比，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was then in my early twenties. Even though I was armed with a degree in Education, finding a ____36____ teaching job was not easy. I had to try some temporary ones. This year, when a golden opportunity ____37____ to teach 5th grade students in a local school, I ____38____ it and took things seriously. I ____39____ myself with lesson plans, taught with enthusiasm, and stayed ____40____ with the students. I had no hesitation in ____41____ the kids when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t. One day when the kids were ____42____, a girl approached and handed me a ____43____ before she went home. On it was a lovely drawing full of childlike wonder, ___44___ by the words, “You are the best teacher I have ever had!” It really amazed me that one of my kind comments had ____45____ that girl’s heart greatly. I took that note home and ____46____ put it in a folder, looking on it as a ____47____ because it was very important. Anytime I was feeling down I would look at it and it proved to be a ____48____. That experience showed me the ____49____ of just a single kind word. It encouraged me to continue to try my best each day to ____50____ love and kindness to people nearby through my words and actions. Wish the same for others. 36. A. first-rate B. well-paid C. labor-saving D. full-time 37. A. assisted B. adapted C. arose D. arranged 38. A. jumped at B. relied on C. devoted to D. specialized in 39. A. occupied B. entertained C. concerned D. satisfied 40. A. familiar B. positive C. sympathetic D. consistent 41. A. evaluating B. supporting C. instructing D. congratulating 42. A. graded B. dismissed C. tested D. taught 43. A. note B. present C. parcel D. book 44. A. defined B. demonstrated C. accompanied D. emphasized 45. A. hardened B. touched C. disheartened D. distracted 46. A. gradually B. casually C. carefully D. eagerly 47. A. reminder B. treasure C. proof D. secret 48 A. comfort B. memory C. fantasy D. routine 49. A. authority B. principle C. power D. application 50. A. explain B. discover C. donate D. extend 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. B 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了二十出头拥有教育学学位的作者找全职教学工作不易，获得教五年级学生的机会后认真教学，收到女孩感谢便签，进而感悟到善言力量。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我拥有教育学学位，但要找到一份全职教学工作并不容易。A. first-rate一流的；B. well-paid高薪的；C. labor-saving省力的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“I had to try some temporary ones.”可知，找到全职工作困难，所以才会去做临时工作。故选D项。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，当一个在当地学校教五年级学生的绝佳机会出现时，我欣然接受这个机会并认真对待。A. assisted协助；B. adapted适应；C. arose出现；D. arranged安排。前文提到找全职工作不易，结合“a golden opportunity”可知，这里是说教五年级学生的绝佳机会出现了，与前文找工作的艰难形成对比。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：今年，当一个在当地学校教五年级学生的绝佳机会出现时，我欣然接受这个机会并认真对待。A. jumped at急切地接受，欣然接受；B. relied on依靠；C. devoted to致力于；D. specialized in专门从事。根据前文“a golden opportunity”可知，绝佳机会出现了，所以作者会欣然接受。故选A项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忙于备课，热情地教学，并对学生保持积极的态度。A. occupied使忙碌；B. entertained娱乐；C. concerned使担忧；D. satisfied使满意。后文“taught with enthusiasm”说明作者全身心投入教学；“occupied oneself with”表示“忙于……”，表明作者忙于备课，与后文教学热情相呼应。故选A项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我忙于备课，热情地教学，并对学生保持积极的态度。A. familiar熟悉的；B. positive积极的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. consistent一致的。后文“I had no hesitation in ____ the kids when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t.”体现出作者对学生是积极的态度。故选B项。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们答对问题时，我会毫不犹豫地祝贺他们，如果他们答错了，我会鼓励他们。A. evaluating评估；B. supporting支持；C. instructing指导；D. congratulating祝贺。根据后文“and encouraged them if they didn’t”可知，与答对时的动作形成对比，答对时自然是祝贺。故选D项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当孩子们放学时，一个女孩在回家前走近我并递给我一张便签。A. graded评分；B. dismissed解散，放学；C. tested测试；D. taught教。后文“before she went home”表明是孩子们放学的时候。故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当孩子们放学时，一个女孩在回家前走近我并递给我一张便签。A. note便签；B. present礼物；C. parcel包裹；D. book书。后文“ On it was a lovely drawing full of childlike wonder, ____ by the words,‘You are the best teacher I have ever had!’”以及“I took that note home”明确说明女孩给的是便签。故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面是一幅充满童趣的可爱图画，旁边还有一句话：“你是我有史以来最好的老师！”A. defined定义；B. demonstrated证明；C. accompanied伴随；D. emphasized强调。前文“You are the best teacher I have ever had!”提到便签上有画，结合后文“You are the best teacher I have ever had!”可知，画旁边伴随着这句话。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：真让我惊讶的是，我说的一句善意的话深深地触动了那个女孩的心。A. hardened使变硬；B. touched触动；C. disheartened使灰心；D. distracted使分心。根据前文“You are the best teacher I have ever had!”可知女孩给作者写便签表达感谢，说明作者的话对她有积极影响，即触动了她的心。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把那张便签带回家，小心地把它放进一个文件夹里，把它当作宝贝，因为它非常重要。A. gradually逐渐地；B. casually随意地；C. carefully小心地；D. eagerly急切地。根据后文“put it in a folder”和“because it was very important.”可推知，便签对作者来说很重要，所以会小心地把它放进文件夹。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把那张便签带回家，小心地把它放进一个文件夹里，把它当作宝贝，因为它非常重要。A. reminder提醒物；B. treasure宝贝；C. proof证据；D. secret秘密。由后文“because it was very important”可知，作者把便签当作宝贝。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我情绪低落时，我就会看看它，它被证明是一种安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. memory记忆；C. fantasy幻想；D. routine常规。前文提到便签对作者很重要，结合“Anytime I was feeling down”可推知，当作者情绪低落时看便签能得到安慰，与前文便签的重要性相呼应。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次经历让我看到了一句善言的力量。A. authority权威；B. principle原则；C. power力量；D. application应用。前文讲述女孩因为作者的一句善言给作者写感谢便签，作者情绪低落时便签能安慰自己，这些都体现了善言的力量。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它鼓励我继续每天尽我最大的努力，通过我的言行向身边的人传递爱和善意。A. explain解释；B. discover发现；C. donate捐赠；D. extend延伸，传递。前文提到善言有力量，所以作者要通过言行把爱和善意传递给身边的人，与前文善言的影响相承接。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意: (1) 每个选项只能使用一次； (2) 方框中有一个多余选项。 A. against all odds B. security C. pops up D. substantial E. initiative F. relieve G. spread to H. nutrients I. decrease J. due to K. expand upon Nowadays, we are facing plentiful ecological problems. Soil erosion is a serious environmental issue that ___51___ in many regions around the world, which is often ____52____ improper farming practices or deforestation. This process could ____53____ larger areas. As time went by, it caused ____54____ damage to ecosystems and agricultural productivity, which led to an enormous amount of economic loss. To tackle this problem, scientists and environmentalists have adopted the ____55____ put forward by government to develop sustainable farming techniques. These methods aim to ____56____ the pressure on soil while maintaining crop yields (产量). For instance, planting cover crops and reducing tillage (耕种) can help prevent soil erosion and provides enough ____57____ for the soil. By doing so, they hope to ____58____ the rate of soil degradation (恶化) and ensure food ____59____  for future generations. Despite the challenges, success stories show that____60____ , it is possible to combat soil erosion. For example, communities in Kenya have tried to restore degraded lands by planting trees. These efforts not only protect the land but also create huge economic benefits for local farmers. 【答案】51. C 52. J 53. G 54. D 55. E 56. F 57. H 58. I 59. B 60. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了土壤侵蚀的成因、影响及防治措施，强调可持续农业技术的重要性。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：土壤侵蚀是一个严重的环境问题，在世界许多地区出现，这往往是由于不当的农业做法或森林砍伐。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据空后的in many regions around the world可知，空处应用动词短语pops up，表示“出现”，作谓语。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：土壤侵蚀是一个严重的环境问题，在世界许多地区出现，这往往是由于不当的农业做法或森林砍伐。根据空后的improper farming practices or deforestation可知，空处应用介词短语due to，表示“由于”。故选J。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这个过程可能会蔓延到更大的地区。根据空后的larger areas可知，空处应用动词短语spread to，表示“蔓延到”，位于情态动词could后，动词用原形。故选G。 【54题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，它对生态系统和农业生产造成了巨大的破坏，导致了巨大的经济损失。根据空后的damage可知，空处作定语，应用形容词substantial，表示“巨大的”。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，科学家和环保主义者采取了政府提出的倡议，开发可持续的农业技术。本空作have adopted的宾语，空处应用名词initiative，表示“倡议”。故选E。 【56题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些方法旨在减轻土壤压力，同时保持作物产量。位于不定式符号to后，本空用动词，根据空后的the pressure on soil可知，空处应用动词relieve，表示“减轻”。故选F。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，种植覆盖作物和减少耕作可以帮助防止土壤侵蚀，并为土壤提供足够的养分。本空作provides的宾语，根据空后的for the soil可知，空处应用名词nutrients，表示“养分”。故选H。 【58题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过这样做，他们希望降低土壤退化的速度，并确保后代的食物安全。本空位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形，根据空后的the rate of soil degradation可知，空处应用动词decrease，表示“降低”。故选I。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：通过这样做，他们希望降低土壤退化的速度，并确保后代的食物安全。本空作ensure的宾语，根据空前的food可知，空处应用名词security，表示“安全”，food security为固定搭配，意为“粮食安全”。故选B。 【60题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管面临挑战，但成功的故事表明，尽管困难重重，还是有可能防治土壤侵蚀的。根据空后的it is possible to combat soil erosion可知，空处应用介词短语against all odds，表示“尽管困难重重”。故选A。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Autumn Equinox (秋分) lies at the midpoint of autumn, ____61____ (divide) autumn into two equal parts. After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, making days ____62____ (short) and nights longer in the northern hemisphere (半球). ____63____ is said in the ancient book is that on Autumn Equinox Day the Yin and Yang are in a ___64___ (balance) power. Thus the day and night are of equal length, as are the cold and hot weather." By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China ____65____(enter) the cool autumn. When the cold air heading south meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfall happens. The temperature also drops ____66____ (frequent). According to specialists, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the day and night are of equal time both in the southern and northern hemispheres. Standing eggs on end, ___67___ traditional Chinese custom, is performed in many areas all over the nation. But once it ____68____ (question) whether this folk custom had nothing to do with the change of the time. As is known now, the most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the lowest part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg ____69____ the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, you’d better choose an egg that’s about 4 or 5 days old, ____70____ yolk is likely to sink down. 【答案】61. diving 62. shorter 63. What 64. balanced 65. have entered 66. frequently 67. a 68. was questioned 69. until##when 70. whose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秋分代表的意义及秋分的一些习俗。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：秋分位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成相等的两部分。句中已有谓语动词lies，无连词，可推断这是一个简单句，所以空处是非谓语动词，divide与逻辑主语Autumn Equinox之间是主动关系，表示主动要用现在分词。故填dividing。 【62题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在这一天之后，阳光直射的位置移向南方，使得北半球的白天变短，夜晚变长。根据句中的并列连词and及后面的longer可知，空处要填比较级。故填shorter。 【63题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：古书中说，秋分这天，阴阳处于平衡状态。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，空处指代“古书中说的内容”，所以要用what，作主语，放于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：古书中说，秋分这天，阴阳处于平衡状态。空处位于名词power前面充当定语，应用形容词balanced，意为“均衡的，平衡的”。故填balanced。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到了秋分，中国大部分地区都进入了凉爽的秋天。根据时间状语by+现在的时间点可知，句子要用现在完成时，句子主语most of the areas为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have entered。 【66题详解】 考查副词。句意：气温也经常下降。空处修饰动词drops，所以要用副词形式，作状语。故填frequently。 【67题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：立蛋，这一中国传统习俗，在全国许多地区都有开展。custom为可数名词单数形式，所以前面要用不定冠词，此处表泛指，且traditional为辅音音节发音的单词，所以要用不定冠词a。故填a。 【68题详解】 考查动词时态及语态。句意：但曾经有人质疑，把蛋竖起来和时间有什么关系。句中的whether引导主语从句，it是形式主语，根据once可知，此处描述的是过去的事件，所以要用一般过去时，主语与question之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was questioned。 【69题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：用这种方法，诀窍就是把鸡蛋拿着，直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。空处引导时间状语从句，可用连词until，意为“直到……为止”；也可以用连词when，意为“当……时候”。故填until/when。 【70题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为此，你最好选择大约4或5天的鸡蛋，这种蛋的蛋黄很可能下沉。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词egg，充当定语，所以要用关系代词whose。故填whose。 第四部分 写作 (共一节，满分25分) 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A GIFT FOR GRANDPA Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again. The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents. A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully. Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!” Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently. The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs... How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom! But now Grandpa couldn’t get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind. “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!” Berlin thought it was a good idea. When the two brothers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house, got the tools they needed to make the cane, and ran back to the woods. In the woods, they worked hard to find a straight tree and set to work. After cutting the tree down, they took the bark (树皮) off with a knife. After an hour, a hand-made cane was finally made, which was smooth and was just of the right size. The two brothers were sure that their grandpa would love it! Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. The moment grandpa took the cane with shaking hands, he cried with joy, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!” Jack shouted, “Grandpa, we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods!” Grandpa smiled at the boys and seized the cane in his right hand, trying to stand up. To their amazement, he did it! Everyone was excited to see grandpa stand up. At that moment, Jack noticed grandfather’s eyes were wet. What a wonderful gift he had ever got! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假Jack和Berlin兄弟俩去看望爷爷奶奶，却发现爷爷因健康问题无法站起来，后来Jack和Berlin去森林闲逛时想起了爷爷曾经带他们在这里度过的快乐时光，他们很担心，Berlin提议给爷爷抓一只鸟放在笼子里，遭到了Jack的否定。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“这时，Jack想到了一个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写Jack提议给爷爷做拐杖以及他们的制作过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“Jack和Berlin把拐杖递给爷爷。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷收到拐杖后反应以及爷爷借助拐杖成功站起来。 2.续写线索：建议做拐杖——制作过程——交给爷爷——爷爷站起来——众人反应——注意到爷爷眼睛湿润 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①达成协议：reach an agreement/make an agreement ②喊：shout/yell ③帮助：help/assist 情绪类 ①高兴：joy/happiness ②惊讶：amazement/surprise 【点睛】[高分句型1] After an hour, a hand-made cane was finally made, which was smooth and was just of the right size.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] The moment grandpa took the cane with shaking hands, he cried with joy, “This is made by my grandsons themselves. How precious it is!”（由the moment引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深圳市红山中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期第一次段考 英语 满分：130分 第一部分 基础知识（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The “loneliness epidemic (流行病)” has been widely reported in recent years, affecting young and old. Thus, people call on the government to address it. A. apparently B. nobly C. dramatically D. urgently 2. He ______ his success to his social teacher, who is a beacon in his life on the road to writing. A. owed B. compared C. assigned D. dedicated 3. The railway network has been expanded, ______ the movement of goods and people across the country. A. tackling B. detracting C. exploding D. facilitating 4. He apologized to all the staff at a meeting to remove the ______ between him and his colleagues. A. intervention B. version C. division D. variation 5. A traffic accident caused him to lose a leg, making the world he had known . A. collapse B. collaborate C. compensate D. conserve 6. We often fall into a  of believing others’ negative judgement or even criticism, which directly ruins our confidence. A. criterion B. trap C. session D. mist 7. -The kids are at Grandma’s home today, so you can have a good rest. -Yes. I know that they will be . A. in consequence B. for good C. in good hands D. in vain 8. Don’t be nervous! You spend so much time getting ready and your efforts will surely good fruit. A. broke out B. turned out C. took over D. brought forth 9. The film Ne Zha presents audiences a wonderful with its splendid cartoon and vast picture. A. visual B. integral C. mutual D. critical 10. The committee ________ members from neighboring districts walked into the meeting room, ________ face showed that something was wrong. A. consisted of; the expression on their B. consisting of; the expression on whose C. was consisting of; the expression on their D. was consisting of; the expression on whose 11. Experts felt necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. A. that B. it C. what D. which 12. With each classroom ______ the computer and Internet access, teachers can share teaching resources in class. A. to equip with B. equipping with C. equipped with D. being equipped with 13. — Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday? — Because I my mother in the kitchen at that time. The deadline is coming, but I my homework. A. helped; didn’t finish B. was helping; haven’t finished C. helped; haven’t finished D. was helping; wouldn’t finish 14. Look at these magnificent structures! They when I dropped by this time last year. A. were built B. are being built C. have been built D. were being built 15. It was in the remote village _______ he grew up _______ he developed his love for nature. A. that; that B. where; that C. that; that D. where; where 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Lonely Planet’s Middle East is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Wander at the mighty Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving ancient wonder; watch the sun set over the magic of Petra; and explore tree-lined avenues in Esfahan, Iran. All with your trusted travel companion. Get to the heart of Middle East and begin your journey now! Inside Lonely Planet’s Middle East: ● Colour maps and images throughout ● Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots ● Essential info at your fingertips — hours of operation, phone numbers, websites, transit (换乘) tips, prices ● Honest reviews for all budgets — eating, sleeping, sightseeing, shopping, hidden highlights that most guidebooks miss ● Cultural insights provide a richer, more rewarding travel experience covering history, people, sculptures, paintings, music, landscapes, wildlife, cuisine, politics. Coverage Includes: Egypt, Iran, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey Book Details ISBN: 9781786570710 Writers: Anthony Ham, Paul Clammer, Orlando Crowcroft, Mark Elliott, Anita Isalska 608 pages, 256 pages color, 90 maps | Dimensions: 128mm×197mm Next edition due: Dec 2024 16. What information can readers get from Lonely Planet’s Middle East? A. Black-and-white maps and images. B. Tips from popular guidebooks. C. Famous writers’ personal information. D. Reviews for all budgets. 17. In terms of cultural reflection, which aspect is NOT mentioned in Lonely Planet’s Middle East？ A. Food B. Philosophy C. Art D. Ecology 18. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To appeal to us to travel to Middle East. B. To introduce some famous attractions in Middle East. C. To recommend a book about Middle East. D. To teach how to discover treasures in Middle East. B Anxiety has followed me around like a lost dog looking for a bone for years now. I feel it the most strongly when I’m worried about my health or my daughter’s health. I feel an unusual sensation and all of a sudden: panic! My worries are not limited to health concerns though, and they go in the direction of anxiety about the future of the world, worries about my finances, and fears that I’m not good enough. Let me go back a few decades, back to when anxiety wasn’t part of my life. When I was a child, I loved art. I drew and I colored because that’s what I enjoyed. I went to college to become an art teacher. When I finished school in May of 2001, I had a part-time design job, and after the event of September 11th, 2001, I knew I needed to travel, to get out of the safe life I was living in my hometown. That’s when my creative practices fell by the wayside. Luckily, after the birth of my daughter in 2014, the desire to create came back. At first, I was using a tiny corner of a bedroom in our rental house to paint. Eventually we bought a house, and I had the space to spread out, ready to paint whenever the urge struck. That’s when I started noticing something important: Painting stilled me in a way that nothing else did. It eased my fears and anxieties in a way other practices (deep breathing, etc) did not, at least not as consistently. When anxious thoughts start, I know what to do. I head into my studio, grab some materials, and start creating. Soon enough, the worries are gone and instead my mind is quiet. I think the reason why painting is so helpful for my anxiety is that, in order for me to be anxious, I have to be worrying about the future and what it holds. When I’m doing an activity that requires my full concentration, I have to be in the moment. It doesn’t matter if you’re artistic. The only thing that matters is finding a way to be here, in the now, instead of in the unknowable future. 19. Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 1? A. Cautious. B. Impatient. C. Carefree. D. Insecure. 20. Why did the author give up on art temporarily? A. Because her daughter was born. B. Because she couldn’t make a living. C. Because some big event happened. D. Because she was busy with her study. 21. How does painting ease the author’s fears and anxieties? A. Painting makes her stay in a place. B. Colors of painting calm her down. C Painting makes less room for worries. D. Painting is a very creative activity. 22. What does the story mainly tell us? A. What is important is to seize the moment. B. Anxiety may be beneficial to life at times. C. It is necessary to learn some art in childhood. D. Painting is the best way to ease people’s mind. C As humans encroach (侵入) more and more on wildlife habitats, animals are finding that the best way to survive isn’t to pack up and move — it’s to adapt to the night life. A variety of previously daytime animals such as foxes, deer and boars have become active at night to avoid human activity out of fear. But this nighttime switch comes with its own risks. Researchers looked at how 62 species of animals on six continents changed their behavior in response to human activities such as hunting, farming, and development. GPS trackers were used to follow the animals, and motion-activated cameras were also applied to this study. Once night falls, the animals surveyed became far more active than they were before humans arrived hunting and looking for food in the dark. For example, animals that used to split their activity evenly between day and night typically increased their nighttime activity to 68%. The team also found the animals responded similarly to these human encroachments, regardless of whether human activity directly affected them. So, a deer might become more active at night simply because it sees humans hiking nearby, not because it’s being hunted. The researchers believe these nighttime behaviors not only allow humans and animals to coexist more peacefully, they may be able to give us hints as to how to plan conservation efforts accordingly, such as limiting human activity during times when a specific species is more active. But moving to the nightlife could also have downsides for these animals. A nighttime lifestyle can reduce an animal’s ability to hunt and find food successfully and can even affect its ability to find a mate. Switching to a night-time lifestyle can affect natural patterns of life even if these animals are doing so to reduce their interaction with humans. So, just because animals are becoming more active at night doesn’t mean they’ve escaped the influence of humans. 23. Why are animals becoming more active at night? A. It is easier to find food at night. B. It is easier to escape being hunted. C. They can be less affected by humans. D. They have got used to nightlife. 24. How did the researchers find the animals’ behavioral changes? A. They followed the animals in person. B. They used modern technologies. C. They compared different animals. D. They found more animals at night. 25. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A. Any human encroachment can affect animals. B. Animals can be affected only when being hunted. C. Deer can get used to nightlife easily. D. Animals should stay away from humans. 26. What is the passage mainly about? A. Animals face both benefits and risks of nightlife. B. Animals have their own ways of getting used to life changes. C. Animals should be well protected before it is too late. D. Animals move to nightlife due to human invasion. D The pleasure people get from a piece of music has been linked to its effects on our emotional responses and ability to form social connections. The degree of enjoyment differs from person to person, but little is known about why. To see if genetics (遗传学) can account for it, Giacomo Bignardi at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands and his colleagues conducted a new study. The researchers looked at more than 9,000 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. About 3,400 were identical (同卵的) and 5,600 non-identical. The former share the same genome (基因组), while non-identical twins share only half their genomes, which enabled the researchers to determine the effects of genes through comparison. Besides, all the twins in the study were raised in the same households and so grew up with similar environmental influences. This made it easier to sort out genetic contributions. The researchers got the twins to complete the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire, which focused on how much pleasure they get from music. For example, they were asked the extent to which they agreed with statements such as “when I share music with someone I feel a special connection with that person” and “in my free time I hardly listen to music”. The result showed that genes seem to play a significant role in influencing how much pleasure music brings, with the identical twins being more than twice as similar in this feature as the non-identical ones. “While it’s fairly understandable that musical ability might have a genetic basis, which provides an easy explanation for why some people seem to have a talent for music, it’s obscure that the degree of pleasure from listening to music is influenced by genes, so it is inspiring that the study finds this effect,” says Peter Harrison at the University of Cambridge. However, Nick Collins at Durham University, UK thinks differently. “Certain musical abilities and preferences may be influenced by genetics, but there are a large number of cultural elements in music development that are not addressed by genetics alone,” he says. 27 What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. How twins contribute to the progress of genetic research. B. Why the researchers chose the twins as research subjects. C. What makes the new study different from previous ones. D. What inspired the researchers to conduct the new study. 28. What is the finding of the new study? A. The secret of musical talent lies in our genes. B. Our genes determine what kind of music we like. C. Our genes can influence how much we enjoy music. D. The pleasure that different people get from music varies greatly. 29. Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 4? A. easy to conclude. B. reasonable to assume. C. impossible to prove. D. difficult to see. 30. What is Nick Collins’ attitude towards the research finding? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I hated writing growing up. But I couldn’t avoid it: learning English was a must in high school. For hours, I stared at blank pages, trying to turn my disorganized thoughts into fluent sentences. I tried my best but my teachers would return my papers littered with red. I was upset to no end. ____31____. And that was OK. I didn’t have to do well in everything. ____32____. I liked it because objective truth could be found if I searched properly. In college, I joined a research lab to enhance conductor efficiency, and after a year of hard work, we developed a design that halved energy losses. However, the joy was short-lived as I had to write a research paper about our findings. I knew that if I wanted to become an academic, I would need to spend time writing papers. But with my awful track record with writing, I was scared of failing. In a panic, I asked a graduate student in my lab for help. We defined a goal for the paper, and I carefully wrote an outline. But when I asked him for feedback, I soon found the paper covered in red marks. ____33____. Before I could give up in defeat, though, the graduate student explained those red marks didn’t mean I was a bad writer. ____34____. It requires revising your work, often several times. I kept improving the outline of my paper, eventually turning it into sentences and paragraphs. My initial draft wasn’t perfect. I had buried a few key takeaways, and the introduction was missing important context. But with help, I finally made it. From then on, writing became one of my favorite parts of research. ____35____, but I changed my view. All it took was some trial and error. A. “Not again,” I screamed inside B. I should view it in a positive way C. Maybe I wasn’t good at writing D. Writing isn’t a one-and-done thing E. I soon realized writing was my strength F. I switched to the world of math and science G. I had never imagined it in my wildest dreams 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was then in my early twenties. Even though I was armed with a degree in Education, finding a ____36____ teaching job was not easy. I had to try some temporary ones. This year, when a golden opportunity ____37____ to teach 5th grade students in a local school, I ____38____ it and took things seriously. I ____39____ myself with lesson plans, taught with enthusiasm, and stayed ____40____ with the students. I had no hesitation in ____41____ the kids when they got the answer right, and encouraged them if they didn’t. One day when the kids were ____42____, a girl approached and handed me a ____43____ before she went home. On it was a lovely drawing full of childlike wonder, ___44___ by the words, “You are the best teacher I have ever had!” It really amazed me that one of my kind comments had ____45____ that girl’s heart greatly. I took that note home and ____46____ put it in a folder, looking on it as a ____47____ because it was very important. Anytime I was feeling down I would look at it and it proved to be a ____48____. That experience showed me the ____49____ of just a single kind word. It encouraged me to continue to try my best each day to ____50____ love and kindness to people nearby through my words and actions. Wish the same for others. 36. A. first-rate B. well-paid C. labor-saving D. full-time 37. A. assisted B. adapted C. arose D. arranged 38. A. jumped at B. relied on C. devoted to D. specialized in 39. A. occupied B. entertained C. concerned D. satisfied 40. A. familiar B. positive C. sympathetic D. consistent 41. A. evaluating B. supporting C. instructing D. congratulating 42. A. graded B. dismissed C. tested D. taught 43. A. note B. present C. parcel D. book 44. A. defined B. demonstrated C. accompanied D. emphasized 45. A. hardened B. touched C. disheartened D. distracted 46. A. gradually B. casually C. carefully D. eagerly 47. A. reminder B. treasure C. proof D. secret 48. A. comfort B. memory C. fantasy D. routine 49. A. authority B. principle C. power D. application 50. A. explain B. discover C. donate D. extend 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意: (1) 每个选项只能使用一次； (2) 方框中有一个多余选项。 A. against all odds B. security C. pops up D. substantial E. initiative F. relieve G. spread to H. nutrients I. decrease J. due to K. expand upon Nowadays, we are facing plentiful ecological problems. Soil erosion is a serious environmental issue that ___51___ in many regions around the world, which is often ____52____ improper farming practices or deforestation. This process could ____53____ larger areas. As time went by, it caused ____54____ damage to ecosystems and agricultural productivity, which led to an enormous amount of economic loss. To tackle this problem, scientists and environmentalists have adopted the ____55____ put forward by government to develop sustainable farming techniques. These methods aim to ____56____ the pressure on soil while maintaining crop yields (产量). For instance, planting cover crops and reducing tillage (耕种) can help prevent soil erosion and provides enough ____57____ for the soil. By doing so, they hope to ____58____ the rate of soil degradation (恶化) and ensure food ____59____  for future generations. Despite the challenges, success stories show that____60____ , it is possible to combat soil erosion. For example, communities in Kenya have tried to restore degraded lands by planting trees. These efforts not only protect the land but also create huge economic benefits for local farmers. 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Autumn Equinox (秋分) lies at the midpoint of autumn, ____61____ (divide) autumn into two equal parts. After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, making days ____62____ (short) and nights longer in the northern hemisphere (半球). ____63____ is said in the ancient book is that on Autumn Equinox Day the Yin and Yang are in a ___64___ (balance) power. Thus the day and night are of equal length, as are the cold and hot weather." By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China ____65____(enter) the cool autumn. When the cold air heading south meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfall happens. The temperature also drops ____66____ (frequent). According to specialists, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the day and night are of equal time both in the southern and northern hemispheres. Standing eggs on end, ___67___ traditional Chinese custom, is performed in many areas all over the nation. But once it ____68____ (question) whether this folk custom had nothing to do with the change of the time. As is known now, the most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the lowest part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg ____69____ the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, you’d better choose an egg that’s about 4 or 5 days old, ____70____ yolk is likely to sink down. 第四部分 写作 (共一节，满分25分) 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A GIFT FOR GRANDPA Summer vacation was coming. Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again. The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents. A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully. Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room shouting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!” Seeing his grandsons Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently. The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs... How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom! But now Grandpa couldn’t get up. This made them worried. “We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shook his head. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind “Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!”. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $