专题02 阅读理解（二）【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中真题分类汇编（青海专用）

专题02 阅读理解（二）说明文 目录 内容 Part 01经典基础题 Passage01-Passage03 Part 02优选提升题 Passage04-Passage05 Part01 经典基础题 Passage 01 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）Researcher Ruijia Hu said wildlife habitat in crowded places like south went Ohio is becoming increasingly fragmented (分散) as forests give way to new construction. Eventually, this could make trouble to an animal with specific habitat needs like Ohio’s pileated (红冠) woodpecker. Pileated woodpeckers have the nickname carpenter birds for their never-ending natural woodworking. They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year, creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls. “They make new nests every year. They won’t reuse old ones,” Hu said. “Other animals depend on them.” Pileated woodpeckers are private birds that are more often heard than seen. Studying them can be especially difficult. So Hu turned to citizen science for help. To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings collected by birders and logged into the website eBird, a free online tool and app that anyone can use to record their observations and locations. She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that corridors along rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwood helped the birds adjust to their increasingly fragmented urban landscape. “With fragmented forests, many habitats that were once suitable for wildlife are broken up,” Hu sa id. “Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs. And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great. Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.” “There are so many species in urban areas that we don’t pay attention to, especially when they’re not considered vulnerable,” Hu said. “With development chipping away at more forest in this crowded county, the tipping point (临界点) could come quickly and unexpectedly. You can’t fix it overnight. It’s not just about planting more trees. The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat. At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.” 28．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．The magpie’s nest is occupied by the dove. B．Birds abandon the old for the new easily. C．Friendship really exists among animals. D．One’s trash is another treasure. 29．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．The effect of  Hu’s study on birds. B．The process of  Hu’s  research. C．The difficulty Hu had in his study. D．The application of technology. 30．What role do wildlife corridors play for birds? A．Helping them survive in the fragmented landscape. B．Making them adjust to deadwood quickly. C．Providing them with enough food for survival. D．Ensuring them a stable and safe habitat. 31．What does Hu imply in the last paragraph? A．One tree doesn’t make a forest. B．Be wise after the event. C．Prepare for a rainy day. D．Take things as they come. Passage 02 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Outofhours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends. Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now  a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want. The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)． 28．What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain. B．That they can open a bank account at any time. C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common. D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home. 29．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________. A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years B．employees in the West show less respect for their boss. C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way 30．According to CME, most students return to China because ________. A．it's hard for them to get a green card B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home C．they will have to look after their parents D．there are more job opportunities in China 31．How does the writer organize the text? A．By interviewing students abroad. B．By comparing the differences. C．By discussing some facts. D．By listing some figures. Passage 03 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Outofhours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends. Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now  a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want. The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)． 28．What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain. B．That they can open a bank account at any time. C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common. D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home. 29．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________. A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years B．employees in the West show less respect for their boss. C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way 30．According to CME, most students return to China because ________. A．it's hard for them to get a green card B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home C．they will have to look after their parents D．there are more job opportunities in China 31．How does the writer organize the text? A．By interviewing students abroad. B．By comparing the differences. C．By discussing some facts. D．By listing some figures. Part 02 优选提升题 Passage 04 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists. The Ohio State University team analyzed National Sports and Society Survey data on almost 4, 000 men and women across the US and asked study participants to rate themselves on a scale of 1-5 on eight statements. They included “I am diligent. I never give up.” And “I am a hard worker”. None of the statements was directly related to sports. 34% of those who did sports as a youngster scored high on the grit scale, compared to 23% of peers who gave up. One in four of those who never played sports ranked low, compared to just 17% of those who did. Lead author Dr. Emily Nothnagle said practicing drills on the field can improve pupils’ lives for decades, adding “The grit they develop from playing sports can help them for the rest of their lives”. The findings, published in the journal Leisure Sciences, were supported by more sophisticated (复杂的) statistical analyses that accounted for respondents’ demographic (人口的) characteristics. But it appears only children who keep at it-and play continually—get the benefit, say the researchers. Some may just be born with the grit to help them succeed at sports as a young person and then continue to benefit from that trait as an adult. “Quitting could reflect a lack of perseverance, which is a crucial component of grit,” said a researcher. “It could also make quitting an activity, and not persevering, easier the next time.” Adults who played sports as kids generally perceived the experience helped improve their work ethic, and that perception was linked to their grit scores as adults even though the researchers said people can gain or lose grit throughout life. 32．What does the underlined word “grittier” mean in the 1st paragraph? A．More hopeful. B．More pessimistic. C．More aggressive. D．More determined. 33．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The survey included a total of 15 statements. B．The survey centered on sports and lifestyle. C．People who did sports at a young age tended to score high on the grit scale. D．The survey was conducted and analyzed by Dr. Emily alone. 34．How were the findings presented in the journal Leisure Sciences? A．By providing experiments. B．By offering some examples. C．By showing differences. D．By analyzing characteristics. 35．Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A．A biological textbook. B．A science magazine. C．A travel brochure. D．An economic paper. Passage 05 （22-23高二下·青海玉树州民族中学·期中）When we are young we are taught that it’s wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth. Unfortunately, most children lie even if they’re told not to. Research carried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto Univercity has shown that this might not be such a bad thing. Apparently (显然地), children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人). According to the research, at the age of two, 20 per cent of children lie. At the age of three, 50 per cent lie, and at four almost 90 per cent lie. By the age of 12 almost every child tells lies. Lying needs much brain work, and the better the lie is, the more work the brain has to do. By training the brain early, researchers believe children will be able to think more clearly when they are adults. Recent research, carried out by the Science Museum in London, has shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults. According to the research, the average British man tells three lies every day; that’s over 1,000 lies a year. However, the average woman apparently only lies twice a day. Most people think women are better liars (说谎者) than men although in fact they tell fewer lies. Popular women’s lies include ‘Nothing’s wrong, I’m fine’, ‘I don’t know where it is, I haven’t touched it’, and ‘It wasn’t that expensive’. Some people say you can lie as long as it’s a white lie. A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. One of the most common lies for both men and women is ‘It’s just what I’ve always wanted’, said after opening a present from their partner. 12．What will happen to young children who lie? A．They will possibly do wrong later. B．They’re likely to succeed in the future. C．They will keep lying when they grow up. D．They may have a good chance of losing others’ trust. 13．What do the numbers in Para. 2 show about children? A．Older children tell bigger lies than younger ones. B．As they grow, they often lie about their age. C．The older they are, the more likely they lie. D．It’s quite natural for them to tell lies. 14．What did the research by the Science Museum find out? A．Men lie more than women. B．Women are better liars than men. C．Women’s lies are usually not serious. D．Men sometimes have to lie to women. 15．What’s the true feeling behind the underlined part in the last paragraph? A．You know me so well. B．I don’t like the present. C．You are good at picking presents. D．I haven’t received a present I really like. 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解（二）说明文 目录 内容 Part 01经典基础题 Passage01-Passage03 Part 02优选提升题 Passage04-Passage05 Part01 经典基础题 Passage 01 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）Researcher Ruijia Hu said wildlife habitat in crowded places like south went Ohio is becoming increasingly fragmented (分散) as forests give way to new construction. Eventually, this could make trouble to an animal with specific habitat needs like Ohio’s pileated (红冠) woodpecker. Pileated woodpeckers have the nickname carpenter birds for their never-ending natural woodworking. They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year, creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls. “They make new nests every year. They won’t reuse old ones,” Hu said. “Other animals depend on them.” Pileated woodpeckers are private birds that are more often heard than seen. Studying them can be especially difficult. So Hu turned to citizen science for help. To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings collected by birders and logged into the website eBird, a free online tool and app that anyone can use to record their observations and locations. She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that corridors along rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwood helped the birds adjust to their increasingly fragmented urban landscape. “With fragmented forests, many habitats that were once suitable for wildlife are broken up,” Hu sa id. “Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs. And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great. Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.” “There are so many species in urban areas that we don’t pay attention to, especially when they’re not considered vulnerable,” Hu said. “With development chipping away at more forest in this crowded county, the tipping point (临界点) could come quickly and unexpectedly. You can’t fix it overnight. It’s not just about planting more trees. The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat. At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.” 28．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．The magpie’s nest is occupied by the dove. B．Birds abandon the old for the new easily. C．Friendship really exists among animals. D．One’s trash is another treasure. 29．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．The effect of  Hu’s study on birds. B．The process of  Hu’s  research. C．The difficulty Hu had in his study. D．The application of technology. 30．What role do wildlife corridors play for birds? A．Helping them survive in the fragmented landscape. B．Making them adjust to deadwood quickly. C．Providing them with enough food for survival. D．Ensuring them a stable and safe habitat. 31．What does Hu imply in the last paragraph? A．One tree doesn’t make a forest. B．Be wise after the event. C．Prepare for a rainy day. D．Take things as they come. 【答案】28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了随着森林被新的建筑所取代，野生动物栖息地正变得越来越分散，最终，这可能会给有特定栖息地需求的动物带来麻烦，比如俄亥俄州的红冠啄木鸟。 28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year,creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls. “They make new nests every year.  They won’t reuse old ones,” Hu said.  “Other animals depend on them.” (它们每年都在树上啄洞筑巢，为狐狸、松鼠和猫头鹰等动物创造了许多宝贵的家园。“它们每年都筑巢。他们不会重复使用旧的。”“其他动物依赖它们。”)”可知，红冠啄木鸟每年都在树上啄洞筑巢，但它们不会重复使用旧的，可以被其他动物利用，所以可推出D项“One’s trash is another treasure. (一个人的垃圾是另一个人财富)”。故选D项。 29．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Pileated woodpeckers are private birds that are more often heard than seen.  Studying them can be especially difficult.  So Hu turned to citizen science for help.  To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings collected by birders and logged into the website eBird, a free online tool and app that anyone can use to record their observations and locations.  She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that corridors along rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwood helped the birds adjust to their increasingly fragmented urban landscape. (红冠啄木鸟是一种私人鸟类，经常听到的声音比看到的要多。研究它们尤其困难。因此，胡向公民科学寻求帮助。为了确定啄木鸟出现的地点，她使用了8年来观鸟者收集的观测数据，并登录了eBird网站，这是一个免费的在线工具和应用程序，任何人都可以使用它来记录自己的观察结果和位置。她将这些观测结果与遥感数据叠加在一起，发现河流和小溪沿岸有大量成熟树木和枯木的走廊有助于鸟类适应日益分散的城市景观)”可知，本段主要讲述了胡的研究过程。故选B项。 30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs.  And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great.  Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches.  Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher. (野生动物无法找到足够大的栖息地来满足它们的生存需求。即使有合适的栖息地，它们之间的距离也可能太大。野生动物走廊连接着这些栖息地。由于野生动物可以从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方，所以找到食物和住所的可能性更高)”可知，野生动物走廊帮助动物在支离破碎的环境中生存。故选A项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段““There are so many species in urban areas that we don’t pay attention to, especially when they’re not considered vulnerable,” Hu said. “With development chipping away at more forest in this crowded county, the tipping point could come quickly and unexpectedly.  You can’t fix it overnight.  It’s not just about planting more trees.  The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat.  At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.” (他说：“城市地区有很多物种我们都没有注意到，尤其是当它们不被认为是脆弱的时候。在这个人口稠密的县里，随着发展对更多森林的蚕食，临界点可能会迅速而意外地到来。你不可能一夜之间修好它。这不仅仅是种更多的树。这些鸟需要成熟的森林，所以可能需要30到50年的时间来取代它们的栖息地。至少我们可以保护这些河边的森林走廊，并看到现有的树木成熟。”)”可知，此处胡暗示，我们不能等问题出现了才去采取行动，那样就太晚了，我们需要未雨绸缪。故选C项。 Passage 02 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Outofhours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends. Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now  a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want. The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)． 28．What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain. B．That they can open a bank account at any time. C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common. D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home. 29．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________. A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years B．employees in the West show less respect for their boss. C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way 30．According to CME, most students return to China because ________. A．it's hard for them to get a green card B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home C．they will have to look after their parents D．there are more job opportunities in China 31．How does the writer organize the text? A．By interviewing students abroad. B．By comparing the differences. C．By discussing some facts. D．By listing some figures. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．D 31．B 【分析】以前，中国人去国外都想获得绿卡，而现在他们计划在国外工作十年以后，再回来买房或照顾父母。 28．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes.”以及下面的例子可知，put on the brakes本意为“刹车”，用在这里表示“放慢速度”，故选D。 29．考查推理判断。根据第二段的“In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way”可知，在中国员工发表意见时要谨慎。故选C。 30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home”可知，大多数学生选择回国发展是因为国内有更多的就业机会。 31．考查推理判断。根据每个段落对比的一些差异可知，应选B。 【点睛】难句分析：Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度) is less rigid than in China，where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.(第二段第一句) 分析：本句含有who和where引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句。 译文：十二年前离开了他的祖国现在在比利时是一名律师的Jack Chen说，办公室政治在欧洲比较简单，一部分是因为在那里等级制度没有在中国严格，在中国老板就是老板，在办公室的社会地位是明显且重要的。 Passage 03 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there's plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Yifeng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，” he says. “For instance in China if you want to open a bank account, you don't wait, you just do it at the counter.” Outofhours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends. Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now  a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy (等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important. As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want. The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the US 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，” she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look after their parents.” While a record number of 523,700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)． 28．What do many Chinese find surprising while in Britain? A．That they drive faster than the drivers in Britain. B．That they can open a bank account at any time. C．That working extra hours in Britain is very common. D．That working pace in Britain is less fast than at home. 29．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________. A．Jack Chen has been a lawyer in Belgium for 12 years B．employees in the West show less respect for their boss. C．Chinese employees are cautious when presenting ideas D．people in Europe express themselves in a modest way 30．According to CME, most students return to China because ________. A．it's hard for them to get a green card B．it's easy for them to buy a house at home C．they will have to look after their parents D．there are more job opportunities in China 31．How does the writer organize the text? A．By interviewing students abroad. B．By comparing the differences. C．By discussing some facts. D．By listing some figures. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．D 31．B 【分析】以前，中国人去国外都想获得绿卡，而现在他们计划在国外工作十年以后，再回来买房或照顾父母。 28．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes.”以及下面的例子可知，put on the brakes本意为“刹车”，用在这里表示“放慢速度”，故选D。 29．考查推理判断。根据第二段的“In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way”可知，在中国员工发表意见时要谨慎。故选C。 30．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“roughly 70%～80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home”可知，大多数学生选择回国发展是因为国内有更多的就业机会。 31．考查推理判断。根据每个段落对比的一些差异可知，应选B。 【点睛】难句分析：Jack Chen, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度) is less rigid than in China，where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.(第二段第一句) 分析：本句含有who和where引导的定语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句。 译文：十二年前离开了他的祖国现在在比利时是一名律师的Jack Chen说，办公室政治在欧洲比较简单，一部分是因为在那里等级制度没有在中国严格，在中国老板就是老板，在办公室的社会地位是明显且重要的。 Part 02 优选提升题 Passage 04 （23-24高二下·青海省西宁市第十四中学·月考）Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists. The Ohio State University team analyzed National Sports and Society Survey data on almost 4, 000 men and women across the US and asked study participants to rate themselves on a scale of 1-5 on eight statements. They included “I am diligent. I never give up.” And “I am a hard worker”. None of the statements was directly related to sports. 34% of those who did sports as a youngster scored high on the grit scale, compared to 23% of peers who gave up. One in four of those who never played sports ranked low, compared to just 17% of those who did. Lead author Dr. Emily Nothnagle said practicing drills on the field can improve pupils’ lives for decades, adding “The grit they develop from playing sports can help them for the rest of their lives”. The findings, published in the journal Leisure Sciences, were supported by more sophisticated (复杂的) statistical analyses that accounted for respondents’ demographic (人口的) characteristics. But it appears only children who keep at it-and play continually—get the benefit, say the researchers. Some may just be born with the grit to help them succeed at sports as a young person and then continue to benefit from that trait as an adult. “Quitting could reflect a lack of perseverance, which is a crucial component of grit,” said a researcher. “It could also make quitting an activity, and not persevering, easier the next time.” Adults who played sports as kids generally perceived the experience helped improve their work ethic, and that perception was linked to their grit scores as adults even though the researchers said people can gain or lose grit throughout life. 32．What does the underlined word “grittier” mean in the 1st paragraph? A．More hopeful. B．More pessimistic. C．More aggressive. D．More determined. 33．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The survey included a total of 15 statements. B．The survey centered on sports and lifestyle. C．People who did sports at a young age tended to score high on the grit scale. D．The survey was conducted and analyzed by Dr. Emily alone. 34．How were the findings presented in the journal Leisure Sciences? A．By providing experiments. B．By offering some examples. C．By showing differences. D．By analyzing characteristics. 35．Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A．A biological textbook. B．A science magazine. C．A travel brochure. D．An economic paper. 【答案】32．D 33．C 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在学校参加体育运动能让人“更有毅力”，更努力工作，增加实现长期目标和事业成功的机会。 32．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“never give up(从不放弃)”，以及划线词所在句子“Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists.(科学家们说，在学校参加体育运动会让人们更加“grittier”和努力工作，增加实现长期目标和成功事业的机会)”可知，在学校参加体育运动能让人更努力工作，从不放弃，推测grittier的意思是“更坚韧不拔的”，和More determined意思相近。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段的“34% of those who did sports as a youngster scored high on the grit scale, compared to 23% of peers who gave up.(在年轻时参加过体育运动的人中，有34%的人在毅力方面得分较高，而在放弃运动的同龄人中，这一比例为23%)”可知，从第二段我们可以了解到年轻时参加体育运动的人往往在毅力量表上得分较高。故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The findings, published in the journal Leisure Sciences, were supported by more sophisticated (复杂的) statistical analyses that accounted for respondents’ demographic (人口的) characteristics.(发表在Leisure Sciences杂志上的研究结果得到了更复杂的统计分析的支持，这些分析考虑了受访者的人口特征)”可知，Leisure Sciences杂志上的研究结果是通过分析特征呈现的，故选D。 35．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists.(科学家称，在学校参加体育运动能让人“更有毅力”，更努力工作，增加实现长期目标和事业成功的机会)”可知，本文主要讲的是在学校参加体育运动能让人“更有毅力”，更努力工作，增加实现长期目标和事业成功的机会，是科普类说明文，因此最可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选B。 Passage 05 （22-23高二下·青海玉树州民族中学·期中）When we are young we are taught that it’s wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth. Unfortunately, most children lie even if they’re told not to. Research carried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto Univercity has shown that this might not be such a bad thing. Apparently (显然地), children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人). According to the research, at the age of two, 20 per cent of children lie. At the age of three, 50 per cent lie, and at four almost 90 per cent lie. By the age of 12 almost every child tells lies. Lying needs much brain work, and the better the lie is, the more work the brain has to do. By training the brain early, researchers believe children will be able to think more clearly when they are adults. Recent research, carried out by the Science Museum in London, has shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults. According to the research, the average British man tells three lies every day; that’s over 1,000 lies a year. However, the average woman apparently only lies twice a day. Most people think women are better liars (说谎者) than men although in fact they tell fewer lies. Popular women’s lies include ‘Nothing’s wrong, I’m fine’, ‘I don’t know where it is, I haven’t touched it’, and ‘It wasn’t that expensive’. Some people say you can lie as long as it’s a white lie. A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. One of the most common lies for both men and women is ‘It’s just what I’ve always wanted’, said after opening a present from their partner. 12．What will happen to young children who lie? A．They will possibly do wrong later. B．They’re likely to succeed in the future. C．They will keep lying when they grow up. D．They may have a good chance of losing others’ trust. 13．What do the numbers in Para. 2 show about children? A．Older children tell bigger lies than younger ones. B．As they grow, they often lie about their age. C．The older they are, the more likely they lie. D．It’s quite natural for them to tell lies. 14．What did the research by the Science Museum find out? A．Men lie more than women. B．Women are better liars than men. C．Women’s lies are usually not serious. D．Men sometimes have to lie to women. 15．What’s the true feeling behind the underlined part in the last paragraph? A．You know me so well. B．I don’t like the present. C．You are good at picking presents. D．I haven’t received a present I really like. 【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要是有关谎言的调查研究。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人).(两岁时说谎的孩子很有可能成为成功的成年人)可知，撒谎的小孩在以后很可能会取得成功。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段的研究结果According to the research, at the age of two, 20 per cent of children lie. At the age of three, 50 per cent lie, and at four almost 90 per cent lie. By the age of 12 almost every child tells lies.(根据这项研究，20%的儿童在两岁时撒谎。三岁时，50%的孩子撒谎，四岁时，90%的孩子撒谎。到了12岁，几乎每个孩子都会说谎。)可知，随着孩子年龄的增长，其说谎的概率也在增长。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的According to the research, the average British man tells three lies every day; that’s over 1,000 lies a year. However, the average woman apparently only lies twice a day.“调查显示，英国男性平均每天说谎三次;一年就有超过1000个谎言。然而，女性平均每天只会说谎两次。”可知，男性比女性说的谎多。故选A。 15．词义猜测题。划线部分是上一句A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings.说明善意的谎言是一种谎言，以避免伤害某人的感情；下文said after opening a present from their partner说明，这句话是在收到来自伙伴的礼物后说的话可推断，由此可知，划线部分是一句善意的谎言，其实说话者并不喜欢这件礼物。故选B。 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$