专题5 阅读理解和七选五-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册新课标辅导素能双测卷（人教版2019）

专题五 阅读理解和七选五 Ⅰ.阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·淄博高二期末)AI is a machine's ability to perform the cognitive (认知的) functions we associate with human minds, such as reasoning, learning, interacting with an environment, problem solving, and even exercising creativity. You've probably interacted with AI even if you didn't realize it—voice assistants like Siri and Alexa are founded on AI technology, as are some customer service chatbots that pop up to aid you to explore websites. By using artificial intelligence, companies have the potential to make business more efficient and profitable. But ultimately, the value of artificial intelligence isn't in the systems themselves but in how companies use those systems to assist humans—and their ability to explain what those systems do—in a way that builds and earns trust. Since they are so new, we have yet to see the long­tail effect of AI models. This means there are some risks involved in using them—some known and some unknown. The outputs AI models produce may often sound extremely convincing. This is by design. But sometimes the information they generate is just plain wrong. Worse, sometimes it's biased,_because it's built on the gender, racial, and various other limitations of the internet and society more generally. And it can even be operated to enable immoral or criminal activity. These risks can be reduced, however, in a few ways. For one, it's crucial to carefully select the initial data used to tarin these models to avoid including toxic (中毒的) or incorrect content. Next, rather than operating an off­the­shelf generative­AI model, organizations could consider using smaller, specialized models. Organizations with more resources could also customize a general model based on their own data to fit their needs and minimize shortcoming. Organizations should also keep a human in the process—make sure a real human checks the output of a generative­AI model before it is published or used, and avoid using generative­AI models for critical decisions, such as those involving significant resources or human welfare. 1.What can we learn about AI from the first two paragraphs? A.Its value lies in its practical application by firms. B.It performs the same abilities humans own. C.It's always being used when we surf the websites. D.It has been widely used by profitable companies. 2.What does underlined word “biased” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Unclear. B.Unimportant. C.Unreliable. D.Unusual. 3.Who are mostly responsible for reducing the risks when using AI? A.Produces and personal users. B.Developers and operating firms. C.Personal users and data collectors. D.Operating companies and personal users. 4.What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of AI. B.To lead companies to improve efficiency with AI. C.To introduce AI and ways to overcome their limitations. D.To tell customers how to operate AI correctly and precisely. B (2024·武汉高二联考)In late May, America announced a plan to greatly expand offshore wind energy installations (安装) along the Pacific, Atlantic, and Gulf coasts, with the ultimate goal of adding clean energy enough to power 10 million homes by 2030. But is it realistic? Those standing on the side of answering yes to this question understand that innovation (创新) is the key to pulling off the project. Unlike the open plains and rounded hills that traditionally host wind turbines, analyzing the seafloor situation for proper placement isn't a simple exercise. With only 20% of the ocean seafloor mapped, we basically know more about the surface of Mars than we do Earth's hidden depths. Startup Bedrock is aiming to help shine a light on this problem by detecting the seas with its new electric self­driven underwater vehicles (AUV). Traditional ocean mapping techniques are ship­based, usually limited to the surface. Thus, traditional sea surveys can take up to a year to collect and process data. But Bedrock's AUVs send data to a cloud­based platform called Mosaic that allows computers to start working with the results nearly right away and from anywhere in the world. While using AUVs to map the seafloor helps improve our understanding of Earth's oceans, Bedrock was careful that this do not come at the expense of sea life. The company uses smaller sensors that are close to the seafloor and operate in sound frequencies safe for animals. In addition, the AUVs only travel at roughly 2.3mph to 3.45mph, which reduces the chance of animal or environmental damage as they are moving. Beyond the offshore wind industry, Bedrock is also exploring other ways its AUVs might benefit other marine­based efforts. “Currently our AUV surveys are designed for offshore wind projects, cable laying, nearshore environmental mapping for coastal management，” says Bedrock CEO and co­founder DiMare. “In the future, we're also capable of serving new markets, helping to make ambitious government goals a reality.” 5.Why is the surface of Mars mentioned in paragraph 2? A.To raise a doubt. B.To prove a point. C.To explain a rule. D.To make a prediction. 6.What advantage does Bedrock's AUV mapping have over traditional techniques? A.It processes data faster. B.It is more energy­saving. C.It uses more platforms. D.It sends data in greater amount. 7.What can be inferred about Bedrock's AUVs from the last two paragraphs? A.They have served new markets. B.They are environmentally­friendly. C.They are equipped with newer sensors. D.They work with high sound frequencies. 8.What is DiMare's attitude to the future of AUV? A.Confident. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious. C (2024·烟台高二期末)On the farm in a red outbuilding behind Luther Jackson Middle School, Mark Smith picked a piece of cabbage off the plant and took a bite. “Tastes like victory，” he said, satisfied. Fifteen engineering students at the school, led by Smith, their engineering teacher, have developed and built the farm using aquaponics technology, combining the methods of hydroponics, growing plants with water rather than soil, and aquaculture, the process of growing and raising fish. The fish waste is used as nutrients for the plants, which filter (过滤) the water to be reused in the fish tank. “The innovative project was put forward by the students，” Smith says. “Effectively combining technology with education, it serves to provide a unique learning experience, involving students in core STEM subjects like Math, Biology, Chemistry and Engineering. It's our hope that it can help boost students' interest and hands­on skills so that more students will be inspired and choose to take up engineering as their career in the future.” Not only can students study fish, plants and bacteria(细菌) interacting in a living ecosystem, but they're also in charge of every aspect of developing and maintaining the farm, from ordering supplies to harvesting the greens. Camryn, 14, put a test tube into the fish tank and dropped some chemicals to test pH levels and some substances in it. She held the tube up to light, inspecting the color. Behind her, Yusuf worked along a table with other students to harvest the cabbage, stuffing the leaves into bags to distribute later that afternoon to about 70 families. For him, the ability to give back to his community is the best part of the project. “We should all be proud of ourselves，” Yusuf said. “We're making stuff that people are going to be eating.” 9.What's the technology the students apply to the farm? A.Robotics and artificial intelligence. B.Mechanized planting and harvesting. C.Sustaining good bacteria to grow grain. D.Integrating fish farming and soilless planting. 10.What does Smith wish to do through the project? A.Create more potential engineers. B.Promote students' survival skills. C.Enhance the reputation of the school. D.Teach students how to test water quality. 11.What makes Yusuf feel best about the project? A.Praise from his community. B.His mastery of farming techniques. C.The company of his classmates. D.Their contributions to the neighborhood. 12.Which of the following best describes the school project? A.Demanding. B.Conventional. C.Student­centered. D.Energy­consuming. D (2024·衡阳高二期中)The wandering Earth Ⅱ， a science­fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science­fiction writers, both in China and overseas. Among them, John Gribbin, a UK­based science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that's what makes science fiction prosper. “It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them，” he says. “This is a bit like music. Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view. “The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs. This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.” Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imagined technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, for example, what aroused most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible. If it is, what materials would be used? For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science. He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity. Who knows who will emerge as an engineer for such an elevator in 50 years' time？” Impressed by the progress of science­related industries in China, Gribbin says that, “It is going from strength to strength，” and that, “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and the Chinese people are naturally interested in these developments.” 13.What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to paragraph 1? A.The charm of science. B.The attraction of literature. C.The popularity of the film. D.The development of science education. 14.Why does the author mention the music in paragraph 2? A.To stress music is necessary in science. B.To tell why music appreciation is important. C.To show the relationship between music and science. D.To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge. 15.Which is the function of “space elevator” in The Wandering Earth? A.It helps control the rocket. B.It sends astronauts into space. C.It enables astronauts to walk in space. D.It maintains astronauts' safety in space. 16.Which of the following can be the best title for this text? A.Putting Science into Fiction B.Fictions Gaining Popularity C.Science Planting Seeds of Hope D.A Leading Country for Scientific Research Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A (2024·昆明高二期末)Death is a part of life and it's natural to grieve (悲伤) when an animal you love dies. Grieving is the emotional response to death. __1__ A pet is part of the family, so when they die it can be very difficult and upsetting for everyone who love them. It's OK to feel sad, angry, numb or to feel hard to believe they're no longer alive. You may have lots of feelings but there's no right way to feel or to grieve. As people are all different, the length of time it takes for you to feel less sad may not be the same as for someone else.__2__ Dipti Solanki, who helps people with their grief, says, “Your feelings matter and are normal after you lose a pet. They can feel really big and overwhelming.” __3__ Solanki says, “It's really important that you talk about feeling sad, afraid or if you have any questions, because once you do you will start to feel calmer and less alone. __4__” Talking about your pet helps to keep their memory alive as you remember the time you spent together. It also lets other people know that you want to talk about your pet. Remembering the funny things your pet did and the happy times you shared can be of great help.__5__ Print out photos of your pet and frame them or make them into a collage (拼贴画) to display. You can draw or paint a picture of them. Or write a story about something you did together or how they made you feel. A.It doesn't mean pets are not important. B.There's no rush and you can take your time. C.It is an important part of the healing process. D.As well as talking about them, you can get creative. E.After you share your feelings they become easier to deal with. F.It's better to talk than keep your thoughts and feelings bottled up. G.They have been a part of your life so it's a big change to get used to. B How to be more productive in your first hour of work After you grab a coffee, chat with your co­workers and scan your emails, the first hour of your workday has blown by.__1__. Have breakfast before work __2__. Sitting in front of the computer with food and coffee make you more likely to surf blogs and social media instead of jumping to important tasks. You can't really work when you've got a spoon in hand and are constantly reaching for something. Make the right to­do list Most people write to­do lists with easy tasks on top so they can feel good about crossing those items off.___3__. Instead, organize your list with long­term goals on top to remind you of what's most important, and daily goals at the bottom to plan how you'll reach them. Daily tasks should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and have a timetable. __4__ Instead of scanning through your email or social media, figure out what's challenging you the most. Ideally, tackle the thing that most has your attention. Often it's the thing that's most bothering you. Getting that stressor out of the way will make you more relaxed throughout the day. Set a timer Force yourself to stay in the zone by setting strict periods of uninterrupted work. Setting a 50­minute timer will give a long enough period to get into the zone and make progress in your work before taking a 10­minute break. __5__， but a separate kitchen timer or hourglass are recommended for a visual reminder that keeps your hands away from the distraction of your phone notifications. A.Remind yourself of the big picture B.Most phones have built­in stopwatches C.Here are some ways to keep you energetic D.Start with the task that you think about most E.Here's the recipe for a more productive morning F.But this method helps self­esteem, not productivity G.Don't wait until you get to the office to have your morning yoghurt C (2024·南京高二期中)Imagine that as you are boarding an airplane, half the engineers who built the plane tell you there is a 10 percent chance the plane will crash, killing you and everyone else on board. Would you still board? In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems.__1__ The fear of AI has haunted humanity since the mid­20th century, yet until recently it has remained a distant prospect, something that belongs in sci­fi more than in serious scientific and political debates.__2__ It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities. But most of the key skills boil down to one thing：the ability to manipulate (操纵) and generate language, whether with words, sounds or images. In the beginning was the word.__3__ From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code. AI's new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization. What would it mean for humans to live in a world where a large percentage of stories, melodies, images, laws, policies and tools are shaped by non­human intelligence? __4__What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion? __5__We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non­human intelligence? The time to reckon with AI is before our politics, our economy and our daily life become dependent on it. A.Humans often don't have direct access to reality. B.Language is the operating system of human culture. C.In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer. D.By gaining mastery of language, AI is seizing the master key to civilization. E.Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane. F.For thousands of years we humans have lived inside the dreams of other humans. G.It's difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT­4 and similar tools. D (2024·广州期中) A Way Out of Social Anxiety: Volunteering and Acts of Kindness As a socially anxious introvert (内向的人), I can prove the benefits of serving others through volunteering in my community. A volunteer job doesn't need to require stepping into a busy room full of 100 people at a school or hospital.__1__ This kind of work is much more suitable and agreeable for introverts. __2__ When I help elders or people with disabilities who are more isolated and lonelier than I am, I feel my nervousness and self­consciousness disappear. My social awkwardness loses its grip on me when I'm focused on helping someone else rather than myself or my social performance. Unlike showing up at a job interview, business meeting, or speaking engagement, working as a volunteer with people in need takes the spotlight away from being measured or judged.__3__ Social scientists have an suitable name for stressful social situations where we need to perform and would likely be judged or evaluated. Any time we are in evaluative situations where we are judged by others, we face this social­evaluative threat and endure a sudden rush of stress hormones that increase anxiety. When we are in situations where we offer acts of kindness or help others, however, we tend to feel less judged by others. __4__ Neuroscientists have studied the warm glow of doing good that makes us feel good. “Kindness may help socially anxious people，” says Dr. Lynn Alden, a psychology professor at the University of British Columbia.__5__ She found that acts of kindness may help to counter the socially anxious persons fear of negative evaluation by promoting more positive perceptions and expectations of how other people will respond. A.Some people are naturally reserved while others are rather outgoing. B.Indeed, my own act of kindness has always been a sure bet to bring me out of my shell. C.In social anxiety disorder, fear and anxiety lead to avoidance which can disrupt our life. D.When I am giving my free time to help others, I feel truly liberated in my mission to serve. E.Instead, my volunteer service consists of quiet one­on­one visits with isolated older adults. F.These situations do not pose such a social­evaluative threat, but instead, calms and soothes us. G.She and her colleagues conducted a study with 115 undergraduates who had reported high levels of social anxiety. E I remember from a young age being attracted by the world around me.Whenever I observed my surroundings，I would always wonder about what they were made of.__1__After a little time had passed，this curiosity was developed by my high school chemistry teacher，which was finally furthered as I got my doctor's degree in chemistry while I was at university.From that time on，I have continuously developed my understanding and have been working in the chemical industry.It has been a decade now and my interest in chemistry has never dropped off.__2__ And I have improved my understanding in this field of study. In this day and age，as a means to continuously increase an interest in the natural sciences in your child，labs are available that provide an ideal learning environment for modern students.__3__ In the lab，your children can do a great job of discovering this fascinating field of study.Designing a simple science project lab with education in mind is possible with home chemistry labs that can be bought from respected colleges or universities. Science jobs in these subjects are and will continue to be required by industry and society.__4__One of the most important ways parents can help their children develop an interest in mathematics，science，and technology is by showing attitudes and values that support learning.__5__The sooner the children begins to learn about a field of study，the more prepared they will be to face the challenges that these subjects might offer. A.These days，you can make a home chemistry lab. B.Instead，it has increased as I have continued to learn. C.Encourage your children to find out about different jobs. D.They require great attention to details，teamwork and skills. E.A particular field of study which I was most interested in was chemistry. F.Help children see mathematics，science and technology that exist around them. G.For a student to do well in science，having knowledge of it in advance is necessary. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题五　阅读理解和七选五 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的相关内容以及其可能带来的风险，并就如何降低风险给出一定建议。 1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段(通过使用人工智能，公司有可能提高业务效率和盈利能力。但最终，人工智能的价值不在于系统本身，而在于公司如何使用这些系统来帮助人类——以及他们解释这些系统做什么的能力——以一种建立和赢得信任的方式)可知，人工智能的价值在于公司如何使用这些系统来帮助人类。故选A。 2.C　词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句“because it's built on the gender, racial, and various other limitations of the internet and society more generally(因为它是建立在性别、种族和更为普遍地建立在其他各种限制的互联网和社会中)”可知，人工智能有时是带有偏见的。因此画线单词的意思和“有偏见、不可靠的”相近。选项A“Unclear (不清楚的)”；选项B“Unimportant (不重要的)”；选项C“Unreliable (不可靠的)”；选项D“Unusual (不同寻常的)”。故选C。 3.B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“These risks can be reduced...and minimize shortcoming.(然而，这些风险可以通过几种方式降低。首先，仔细选择用于这些模型的初始数据以避免包含有毒或不正确的内容是至关重要的。接下来，与其使用现成的生成人工智能模型，组织可以考虑使用更小、更专业的模型。拥有更多资源的组织也可以根据他们自己的数据定制通用模型，以满足他们的需求并最小化缺点)”可知，文章认为人工智能的风险可以通过两种方式降低，第一是仔细选择用于这些模型的初始数据，这是由开发商来筛选；第二是可以考虑使用更小、更专业的模型，这是由运营公司来操作的。故选B。 4.C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AI is a machine's ability to perform the cognitive (认知的) functions we associate with human minds, such as reasoning, learning, interacting with an environment, problem solving, and even exercising creativity.(人工智能是一种机器执行认知功能的能力，我们将其与人类的思维联系在一起，比如推理、学习、与环境互动、解决问题，甚至锻炼创造力)”以及最后一段“These risks can be reduced, however, in a few ways.(然而，这些风险可以通过几种方式降低。)”可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能以及如何降低其风险。故选C。 B——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍Bedrock公司的AUV可以加快对海底地势的探测，帮助实现大量安装风力涡轮机，实现未来的清洁能源目标。 5.B　推理判断题。文章第二段第一句“Those standing on the side of answering yes to this question understand that innovation (创新) is the key to pulling off the project.(那些对这个问题回答‘是’的人明白，创新是完成这个项目的关键。)” ，“analyzing the seafloor situation for proper placement isn't a simple exercise.(分析海底情况以找到合适的位置并不是一件简单的事情。)”接着说探测洋底不是件容易的事情，“we basically know more about the surface of Mars than we do Earth's hidden depths.(我们对火星表面的了解基本上比我们对地球隐藏深处的了解还要多。)”然后介绍说我们对洋底的了解还不如我们对火星表面了解得多，由此可以推知，作者提到火星表面是为了证明前文所提出的观点。故选B。 6.A　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But Bedrock's AUVs send data to a cloud­based platform called Mosaic that allows computers to start working with the results nearly right away and from anywhere in the world.(但Bedrock的自动水下机器人将数据发送到一个名为Mosaic的云平台上，该平台允许计算机几乎立即从世界任何地方开始处理结果。)”可知，Bedrock's AUVs使用的平台可以立刻得到调查的结果，因此可知它们的方法加工信息更快。故选A。 7.B　推理判断题。文章倒数第二段(虽然使用AUV绘制海底地图有助于提高我们对地球海洋的了解，但Bedrock很小心，这不会以牺牲海洋生物为代价。该公司使用更小的传感器，这些传感器靠近海底，在对动物安全的声音频率下工作。此外，AUV的速度大约时速为2.3到3.45英里每小时，这减少了动物或环境破坏的机会，因为他们在移动。)介绍该公司的AUVs使用诸如更贴近海面的传感器，安全频率的声音，低速运行等方式减少对环境的损害，所以可知，它们是非常环保的。故选B。 8.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“In the future, we're also capable of serving new markets, helping to make ambitious government goals a reality.(在未来，我们也有能力服务于新的市场，帮助政府实现雄心勃勃的目标。) ”可知，Dimare对其公司的SUV的将来是很有信心的。故选A。 C——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是工程老师史密斯的带领15名学生，利用水培技术开发并建造了新型农场。 9.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fifteen engineering students...the process of growing and raising fish. (该校15名工程专业的学生在他们的工程老师史密斯的带领下，利用水培技术开发并建造了这个农场。水培技术将水培法(用水而不是土壤种植植物)和水产养殖(种植和饲养鱼类的过程)相结合。)”可知，学生们在农场中使用的是养鱼与无土种植相结合的方法建造农场。故选D。 10.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中“ It's our hope that it can help boost students' interest and hands­on skills so that more students will be inspired and choose to take up engineering as their career in the future.(我们希望它能帮助提高学生的兴趣和动手能力，让更多的学生受到启发，并在未来选择工程作为他们的职业。)”可知，史密斯希望通过这个项目培养更多有潜力的工程师。故选A。 11.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“For him, the ability to give back to his community is the best part of the project.(对他来说，回馈社区的能力是这个项目最好的部分。)”可知，让Yusuf对这个项目感觉最好的是这个项目能够回馈社区。故选D。 12.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘The innovative project was put forward by the students，’ Smith says. (‘这个创新项目是由学生们提出的，’史密斯说。)”以及第五段中“Not only can students study fish, plants and bacteria(细菌) interacting in a living ecosystem, but they're also in charge of every aspect of developing and maintaining the farm, from ordering supplies to harvesting the greens. (学生们不仅可以研究鱼类、植物和细菌在生态系统中的相互作用，而且还负责农场发展和维护的各个方面，从订购物资到收获蔬菜。)”可知，该项目的提出以及活动宗旨都是围绕学生而展开的，故该活动是以学生为中心的。故选C。 D——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学知识的普及对于科幻小说所产生的影响进行了阐释。 13.D　细节理解题。根据第一段“Among them, John Gribbin, a UK­based science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that's what makes science fiction prosper.(其中，英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育，并表示这是科幻小说繁荣的原因)”可知，科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D。 14.D　推理判断题。根据第二段“‘It is very important in this technological age...holds a similar view.(‘在这个科技时代，人们了解科学的基本原理是非常重要的，科学写作可以告诉他们周围的世界的信息，’他说。‘这有点像音乐。即使你不是一个伟大的音乐家，如果你知道一点点，你就会对伟大的音乐有更深的欣赏。’中国空间技术研究院研究员周炳红也持类似观点)”可推知，提到音乐是为了说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D。 15.B　细节理解题。根据第三段“ In the latest one, for example, what aroused most fierce discussions among the public is a ‘space elevator’ that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket.(例如，在最近的一次中，引起公众最激烈讨论的是‘太空电梯’，它使航天员能够乘坐电梯而不是火箭完成他们的太空之旅)”可知，太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B。 16.A　主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段的“Among them, John Gribbin, a UK­based science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that's what makes science fiction prosper.(其中，英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育，并表示这是科幻小说繁荣的原因)”可知，本文的主要观点是科学知识的普及导致科幻小说更加受欢迎。由此可知，A项“把科学融入小说”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 A——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种对宠物去世感到悲伤的现象，并就怎样面对这种悲伤给出了一些建议。 1.C　上文“Death is a part of life and it's natural to grieve (悲伤) when an animal you love dies. Grieving is the emotional response to death.(死亡是生命的一部分，当你所爱的动物死亡时，悲伤是很自然的。悲伤是对死亡的情感反应。)”提到了悲伤的问题，C选项中part是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以C选项“这是治愈过程中很重要的一部分”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 2.B　上文“As people are all different, the length of time it takes for you to feel less sad may not be the same as for someone else.(因为每个人都是不同的，你感到不那么悲伤的时间长度可能和别人不一样。)”提到了悲伤的时间长度问题，B选项中no rush是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以B选项“不用着急，你可以慢慢来”承接上文提到的时间问题，符合语境。故选B。 3.F　下文“It's really important that you talk about feeling sad, afraid or if you have any questions, because once you do you will start to feel calmer and less alone.(当你谈起悲伤、害怕或有任何问题时，这一点非常重要，因为一旦谈起，你就会开始感到平静，不再那么孤单。)”提到了说出你心中的想法的好处，所以F选项“与其把你的想法和感受憋在心里，不如把它说出来。”能引起下文并概括下文内容，符合语境。故选F。 4.E　上文“because once you do you will start to feel calmer and less alone.(因为一旦谈起，你就会开始感到平静，不再那么孤单)”提到了说出想法后的感受，E选项“当你分享了你的感受之后，它们就变得更容易处理了。”与上文呼应，承接上文内容。故选E。 5.D　上文“Remembering the funny things your pet did and the happy times you shared can be of great help.(记住你的宠物做过的有趣的事情和你们分享的快乐时光会有很大的帮助。)”提到了记住一些有趣事情，D选项中talking about them是关键词，them指代上文的funny things构成顺承关系，所以D选项“除了谈论它们，你还可以发挥创造力。”能承接上文，符合题意。 B——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何高效率地开始一天的工作。 1.E　大标题“How to be more productive in your first hour of work(如何在工作的第一个小时提高效率)”告诉我们，本文主要介绍如何提高第一个小时内的工作效率，下文用小标题列举了几种方法。所E选项“下面是一个更有效率的早晨的秘诀。”起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 2.G　由小标题“Have breakfast before work(上班前吃早餐)”可知，本段介绍的窍门是提前吃早餐。所以G选项“不要等到你到了办公室才喝早餐酸奶。”与标题语义一致。故选G。 3.F　上文“Most people write to­do lists with easy tasks on top so they can feel good about crossing those items off.(大多数人都把简单的任务放在任务清单的最上面，这样他们划掉这些任务时就会感觉很好)”提到，很多人把“easy tasks”放在清单的最上面，下句“Instead, organize your list with long­term goals on top(相反，你应该把长期目标放在上面)”提到要把 “long­term goals”放在清单的上面。再根据下句句首的“Instead”可知，F选项“但这种方法帮助的是自尊，而不是效率。”总结上句，并与下句构成对比。其中this指代上句的方法。故选F。 4.D　此处为小标题，为本段主旨的概括。根据“Instead of scanning through your email or social media, figure out what's challenging you the most. Ideally, tackle the thing that most has your attention.(不是浏览你的电子邮件或社交媒体，而是要找出对你来说什么是最具挑战性的。理想情况下，处理最吸引你注意力的事情。)”可知，本段主要建议把重要的事情放在前面。所以D选项“从你想得最多的任务开始”符合本段内容，且与其他标题的句式一致。故选D。 5.B　由空格后的but可知，前后为转折关系，下文“but a separate kitchen timer or hourglass are recommended for a visual reminder that keeps your hands away from the distraction of your phone notifications(但建议使用单独的厨房计时器或沙漏作为视觉提醒，让你的手远离手机通知的干扰)”的意思是用单独的厨房计时器或沙漏来提醒自己，空格处应该提到另一种可以计时的方法。所以B选项“大多数手机都有内置秒表”提到了常见的手机内置计时器，符合语境。故选B。 C——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能可能让人类面临巨大危机。 1.E　根据上文“In 2022, over 700 top academics and researchers behind the leading artificial intelligence companies were asked in a survey about future AI risk. Half of those surveyed stated that there was a 10 percent or greater chance of human extinction from future AI systems.(2022年，一项关于未来人工智能风险的调查询问了700多名顶尖学者和领先人工智能公司背后的研究人员。一半的受访者表示，未来的人工智能系统有10%或更大的可能性导致人类灭绝。)”结合第一段提到让人们登上有10%坠机可能的飞机，以及下文陈述人工智能将让人类面临危机可知，技术(人工智能)让所有人类都登上了这家可能坠毁的“飞机”。E项“Technology companies are caught in a race to put all of humanity on that plane.(科技公司陷入了一场让全人类都登上这架飞机的竞赛。)”符合语境。故选E。 2.G　根据下文“It is even harder to grasp the speed at which these tools are developing even more advanced and powerful capabilities.(要掌握这些工具开发更先进、更强大功能的速度就更难了。)”中的even harder推知，空处陈述了一种人类难以掌握的工具。G项“It's difficult for human minds to grasp the capabilities of GPT­4 and similar tools.(人类很难掌握GPT­4和类似工具的功能。)”符合题意，difficult呼应下文harder, 下文these tools指代选项中的GPT­4 and similar tools。故选G。 3.B　根据下文“From language emerges myth and law, goods and money, art and science, friendships and nations—even computer code.(从语言中产生了神话和法律、商品和金钱、艺术和科学、友谊和国家，甚至计算机代码。)”可知，语言对人类来说尤为重要。再结合“AI's new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统。)”推知，语言之所以重要是因为它是人类的操作系统。B项“Language is the operating system of human culture.(语言是人类文化的操作系统。)”符合题意。故选B。 4.C　根据上文“AI's new mastery of language means it can now hack and manipulate the operating system of civilization.(人工智能对语言的新掌握意味着它现在可以破解和操纵文明的操作系统。)”和下文“What happens when the same thing occurs in art, politics, and even religion？(当同样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时会发生什么？)”推知，空处提到了一种人工智能操纵或者打败人类的情况，而当这样的事情发生在艺术、政治甚至宗教中时可能会产生难以预料的后果。C项“In games like chess, no human can hope to beat a computer.(在像国际象棋这样的游戏中，没有人能指望打败电脑。)”符合语境，下文的“the same thing”指代选项内容。故选C。 5.A　空处位于段首，应总起下文。根据下文“We are surrounded by culture, experiencing reality through a cultural prism (棱镜). Our views are shaped by the reports of journalists and the accounts of friends. What will it be like to experience reality through a prism produced by non­human intelligence？(我们被文化包围，通过文化棱镜体验现实。记者的报道和朋友的描述塑造了我们的观点。通过非人类智慧产生的棱镜来体验现实会是什么样子？)”可知，我们的观点通常都是根据记者的报道和朋友的描述形成的，由此推知，人类很少直接接触现实。A项“Humans often don't have direct access to reality.(人类通常无法直接接触现实。)”符合题意，总起下文，reality是关键词。故选A。 D——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摆脱社交焦虑的方法：通过志愿服务和善举。 1.E　上文介绍了志愿者工作不需要进入人多的场所，空处承接上文，具体介绍志愿者活动需要做的事。E项“相反，我的志愿服务包括安静地一对一地探访孤独的老年人。”符承接上文，下文“This kind of work is much more suitable and agreeable for introverts.”进一步的说明该志愿者活动的好处。故选E。 2.B　下文说明了做志愿的好处。B项“事实上，我自己的善举总是能带我走出困境。”符合语境，总领下文，解释做志愿者的益处。故选B。 3.D　上文说明作志愿者给别人带来的好处。D项“当我用我的空闲时间去帮助别人的时候，我觉得在我的服务使命中真正解放了。”承接上文，介绍了作志愿者给自己带来的好处。故选D。 4.F　上文指出当我们处于提供善意或帮助他人的情境中时，我们往往感觉到别人对我们的评判较少，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处。F项“这些情况并不构成这样一种社会评价的威胁，相反，它使我们得到平静和安慰。”符合语境。故选F。 5.G　根据上下文可知，此处讲述了英属哥伦比亚大学心理学教授林恩·奥尔登博士对于社交焦虑患者的研究发现。G项“她和她的同事们对115名报告有高度社交焦虑的本科生进行了一项研究。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。 E——【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们每个人从小就开始对周围的事物感动好奇，作者通过讲述自己对化学的好奇心以及成功的研究和学习的历程来说明重视和培养好奇心的重要性和方法。 1.E　根据下文内容“After a little time had passed，this curiosity was developed by my high school chemistry teacher，which was finally furthered as I got my doctor's degree in chemistry while I was at university.(过了一段时间，我的高中化学老师培养了我的这种好奇心，最后我在大学获得了化学博士学位，这种好奇心进一步增强了。)”由“化学老师培养了我的这种好奇心”可知此处好奇心指的是我感兴趣的研究领域，即化学，对应E项内容“我最感兴趣的一个研究领域是化学。”，故选E。 2.B　上文提到“From that time on，I have continuously developed my understanding and have been working in the chemical industry.It has been a decade now and my interest in chemistry has never dropped off.(从那时起，我的理解不断发展，并一直在化工行业工作。到现在已经十年了，我对化学的兴趣从未减退)”可知，作者一直在做关于化学领域的研究并，且一直在提升，作者对化学的研究兴趣反而随着研究继续而增加，故选B。 3.A　上文提到“labs are available that provide an ideal learning environment for modern students.(实验室为现代学生提供了理想的学习环境)”以及下文“In the lab，your children can do a great job of discovering this fascinating field of study.(在实验室里，你的孩子可以很好地发现这个极棒的研究领域)”设空处作为这两个内容的衔接部分，应该做到承上启下，以及最后一句提到的“Designing a simple science project lab with education in mind is possible with home chemistry labs that can be bought from respected colleges or universities.(设计一个简单的教育科学项目实验室家庭化学实验室是可能的，可以从知名的学院或大学购买)”表示在这个时期可以做一个家庭实验室， A项内容“现在，你可以做一个家庭化学实验室。”符合此题要求，故选A。 4.D　根据上一句“Science jobs in these subjects are and will continue to be required by industry and society.(这些学科中的科学工作已经在并且是将继续被工业和社会所需要的)”说明这些学科在我们的生活中很普遍，再根据下文“One of the most important ways parents can help their children develop an interest in mathematics，science，and technology is by showing attitudes and values that support learning.(父母帮助孩子培养对数学、科学和技术的兴趣最重要的方式之一就是表现出支持学习的态度和价值观)”说明父母要帮助孩子们了解他们周围的数学、科学和技术，再支持他们对这些领域进行了解和研究。故选D。 5.G　根据下文“The sooner the children begins to learn about a field of study，the more prepared they will be to face the challenges that these subjects might offer.(孩子们越早开始学习某一领域的知识，他们就越有准备地面对这些学科可能提供的挑战。)”可知一个学生在科学领域学得好，提前了解相关的知识是有必要的，故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$