内容正文:
高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译
1.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Moreover,havG
ingasysteminthesamebuilding
whereitseaten meanszeroemisG
sionsfromtransportingplantsfrom
soiltosalad.
本句是一个主从复合句.havingasysG
teminthesamebuilding为动名词短语
作主语,whereitseaten引导定语从句,
修饰 先 行 词 building,means 为 句 子
谓语.
此外,在食用作物的同
一座建筑内建立一个系
统,这意味着将作物从
土壤输送到沙拉的过程
中零排放.
2.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Shewritesfrom
thepracticalangleofabusinessperG
sonratherthanasanacademic,makG
ingforaguidewhichishighlyaccesG
sibleandinformativeandwhich,by
theclose,wil makeyoufeelalmost
assmartasAI.
本句 是 一 个 主 从 复 合 句.Shewrites
fromthepracticalangleofabusiness
personratherthan as an academic;
makingfor...asAI是非谓语短语作
结果状语,其中嵌人两个 which引导的
定语从句,都修饰先行词guide.
她从商业人士(而非学
者)的实用角度出发,使
得这本指南通俗易懂、
内容丰富,读完之后,你
会觉得自己几乎和人工
智能一样聪明.
学生用书 P83
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.overseasadj. 海外的,国外的
2.regionn. 地区,区域;行政区
3.milionnum. 一百万;许多,大量
4.beneathprep. 在下面,在下方
5.massn. 大量;团,块;一大群
adj. 大批的,广泛的
6.toweringadj. 高大的,高耸的
7.impactn. 影响,作用
vi.&vt. 有影响;冲击
8.damagevt.&n. 损害,伤害
9.climaten. 气候;倾向
10.globaladj. 全球的;全面的
11.absolutelyadv. 绝对地,完全地
12.medaln. 奖章,勋章
13.deern. 鹿
14.trackv. 跟踪,追踪
n. 足迹,踪迹
15.habitatn. 生活环境
16.nowhereadv. 无处,哪里都不
17.residentn. 居民,住户
18.chiefn. 首领
adj. 主要的;首席的
19.entirelyadv. 完全地,全部地
20.protestvi. 反对,抗议
vt. 反对,坚持声称
21.profitn. 利润,收益
v. 获益,得到好处
22.processn. 过程,进程
vi. 加工,处理
23.policyn. 政策,方针;原则
24.branchn. 部门;树枝
25.strategyn. 策略,行动计划
26.recyclevt. 回收利用
27.formeradj. 昔日的,从前的
28.furtheradj. 更多的
adv. 较远
vt. 促进,增进
29.lengthn. 长度
08
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.harmvt.&n.伤害;损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的
2.varyvi.(根据情况)变化;改变→varietyn.变化;多样化;品种→variousadj.不同的;各种各样的
3.livingadj.有生命的→livev.生活→aliveadj.活着的
4.survivevi.幸免;幸存;生还→survivaln.幸存;生还→survivorn.幸存者
5.nutrientn.养分,营养物→nutritiousadj.有营养的
6.disappearvi.不见;消失→disappearancen.不见;消失→appearvi.出现(反义词)
7.agriculturaladj.农业(劳动/生产)→agriculturen.农业;农艺
8.extinctadj.已灭绝的→extinctionn.灭绝
9.applyvi.&vt.运用;涉及;申请→applicantn.申请人;求职人→applicationn.应用;用途;申请
10.organizevt.组织→organizationn.组织;机构;团体
11.imagen.形象,图像→imaginev.想象→imaginationn.想象
12.defencen.保护;防卫→defendv.防护;防卫
13.economyn.经济→economicn.经济的
14.officialn.&adj.官员,官方的→officen.办公室
15.povertyn.贫穷→pooradj.贫穷的
16.poisonn.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒→poisonousadj.有毒的
17.chemicaladj.与化学有关的;化学的→chemistryn.化学→chemistn.药房;药店;化学家
18.consequencen.结果;后果→consequentadj.作为结果的;由而起的→consequentlyadv.因此;所以;
结果
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.biodiversityn. 生物多样性
2.wildlifen. 野生动植物
3.insectn. 昆虫
4.microorganismn. 微生物
5.oxygenn. 氧,氧气
6.greenhousen. 温室,暖房
7.droughtn. 旱灾,久旱
8.brochuren. 小册子
9.dolphinn. 海豚
10.committeen. 委员会
11.smogn. 烟雾
12.subwayn. 地铁;地下人行道
1.植物 2.动物
①rootn. 根;根茎
②bamboon. 竹子
③branchn. 树枝;分枝
④bushn. 灌木丛
⑤hardwoodn. 阔叶树,硬材
⑥maplen. 枫树
⑦pinen. 松树
⑧botanicaladj. 植物学的
①insectn. 昆虫
②beastn. 野兽;牲畜
③butterflyn. 蝴蝶
④tortoisen. 乌龟
⑤giraffen. 长颈鹿
⑥goose(复geese)n. 鹅
⑦kangaroon. 袋鼠
⑧squirreln. 松鼠
⑨creaturen. 生物;动物
⑩leopardn. 豹
[Part2 妙记核心短语]
1.inturn 相应地,转而
2.breakdown 使分解,使变化
3.breathelifeinto 给带来起色
4.dueto 由于,因为
5.buildup 逐渐增加,扩大
6.comeupwith 想出,想到
7.springtomind 突然记起
8.getridof 摆脱,丢弃
9.giveriseto 使发生
10.indangerof 处于危险中
18
基础必备 必修第三册
in+名语的相关短语
①inal 总计
②inadvance事先,提前
③incommon共有,相同
④indetail详细地
⑤ingeneral通常,大体上
⑥inneed在危难中
⑦inreturn作为报答;回报
⑧inturn轮流
⑨insurprise吃惊地
⑩intime及时;迟早
inorder整齐;按顺序
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.主语+be+adj.+enoughtodo ...thesewaterliliesarebigenoughtoliedownon(大到可以躺在上面).
2.动名词作主语
Huntingandfishing (狩 猎 和 捕 鱼)havedirectlyinfluencedthe
worldsanimalpopulations.
3.it作形式主语
Itsourduty(是我们的职责)toprotecttheenvironmentwhilewe
aimeconomicdevelopment.
4.状语从句的省略 Ifeltworriedwhenwatchingthedocumentary(当看记录片时).
5.wish后接宾语从句 Iwishwecouldalsodosomething(我们也能做点什么)tohelp.
学生用书 P85
[核心单词]
1.harmn.&vt.伤害,损害
▶[教材对接]
Thehumanracehasdonemuchharm.
人类已经造成了很多伤害.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2023全国乙卷)Theyalsoremovesomeharmful
(harm)chemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.
②Walkingintheairfulofhazedoesharmtous.
③Rubbishcanbechangedintoharmless (harm)
things.
④(2022北京卷)AsHelenwalkedon,shehearda
manchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathe might
haveanintentiontoharm(harm)her,Helenstarted
torun.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
(1)beharmfultosb./sth.对某人/某物有害
(2)do/causeharmtosb.
do/causesb.harm }对某人有害
(3)Thereisnoharmindoingsth.
Itdoesnoharmtodosth. } 做某事没有坏处
[链接写作]———一句多译
众所周知,吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害.
⑤Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunk
foodisharmfultoyourhealth.(harmful)
⑥Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfood
doesharmtoyourhealth.(harmn.)
2.varietyn.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体
▶[教材对接]
Theforestsdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievable
varietyofwildlife.
森林的不同层次使种类多到令人难以置信的野生动
植物得以生存.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Whentheexplorersfirstset
footuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskies
andlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyof
wildlife.
②(2024北京卷)Thesimilarityofmoralvirtues
acrossculturesisstriking,eventhoughtherelative
rankingofthevirtuesmayvary(variety)withasocial
groupshistoryandenvironment.
③(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)ThereasonsrelatetoavarieG
ty(various)offactors,includingreducedconcentraG
tion,anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendenG
cytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.
28
高考总复习 英语(YL)
[考点归纳]———知识生成
avarietyof...多种多样的
variousadj.多种多样的
varyvi.变化
varyfrom...to... 从到不等;
在到之间变动
[名师点津] avarietyof(varietiesof)既可修饰可
数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,该短语修饰可数名词
作主语时,谓语动词用复数,修饰不可数名词作主语
时,谓语动词用单数.
[链接写作]———完成句子
④Avarietyofbookshavebeenpublisked.
各种各样的书被出版了.
⑤Librarieswil oftenholdreadinggroupsessions
targetedatvariousagegroups.
图书馆经常举行针对不同年龄组的阅读小组会议.
3.survivevi.幸免;幸存;生还vt.在之后仍然
生存
▶[教材对接]
Whileasignificantnumberofjaguarssurvivehere,
theyareonlyoneelementofthisforestsfoodchain.
尽管相当多的美洲虎在这里生存,但它们只是这个雨
林食物链的一个要素.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2023北京卷)Thatproject,whichIcouldcomG
pletefrommysofainsteadofintheburningheatof
thedesert,notonlysurvived (survive)thelockG
downbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidnt.
②Manyofthepeasantsmanagedtosurviveontiny
plotsofcornandbeans.
③ThelittlegirlwastheonlysurvivorwhohadsurG
vivedthestrongearthquake.Shetoldthereporter
thatshehadtosurviveonalittlefoodduringthedays
whenshewasburied.Ithoughthersurvivalwasareal
wonder.(survive)
[考点归纳]———知识生成
(1)survivefrom从幸存
surviveon依靠生存下来
AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长()
(2)survivorn.幸存者
survivaln.[U]幸存;[C]残存物
[链接写作]———句式升级
④Aftertheysurvivedthatnight,theywereconfiG
dentthateverythingelsewouldbealright.
→Havingsurvivedthatnight,theywereconfidentthat
everythingelsewouldbealright.(现在分词作状语)
4.applicationn.申请书;申请;应用,运用
▶ [教材对接]
Somecalfortheapplicationofmoderntechnology,
andothersachangeoflifestyle.
有些人要求应用现代技术,另一些人则要求改变生活
方式.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Withtheriseoftechnologyit
iseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferent
specieswiththeaidofamobileapplication(apply).
②(2023全国乙卷)Therehasbeenariseinthe
numberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUK
universitiesandcoleges.
③Thereare150applicants (apply)competingfor
thesameposition.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
(1)applyv.申请;应用;涂抹
apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物
applysth.tosth.把某物应用/涂抹于
applytosth./sb.对某事/某人适用
applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专心于(做)某事
(2)applicantn.申请人
(3)appliedadj.实用的;应用的
[链接写作]———完成句子
④ImLiHua,astudentfromClass2,Grade3.ImwritG
ingtoapplyforthepositionasastudentvolunteer.
我是李华,三年级二班的一名学生,我写信申请学生
志愿者的职位.
5.defencen.防御;保卫
▶ [教材对接]
Indefenceofthefactories,however,Idliketopoint
outthatwealsotrytocontroltheamountofpoluG
tionweproduce.
不过,为工厂说句公道话,我想指出的是我们也在努
力控制所产生的污染量.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2023北京卷)RegardingAlanSmithsdefence
(defend)ofALife,theauthorissupportive.
②Wemustalwaysbereadytodefend(defend)our
countryfrom/againstaggression.
③WhatpointscanberaisedindefenceofthisarguG
ment?
[考点归纳]———知识生成
(1)indefenceof为了保卫;为辩护
(2)defendvt.保护;保卫;辩护
defend...from/against保护以免受/防御
defendoneself为自己辩护;自卫
[链接写作]———完成句子
④Thewal wasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeing
washedawaybythesea.
建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮.
[间考单词]
1.livingadj.活着的;活的;有使用的
[语境练悟]———选词填空:living/alive/live/lively
①Hewasburiedaliveintheearthquake.
②(2023新课标卷)Doyouwanttoliveafuland
happylife?
38
基础必备 必修第三册
③Thelivingare moreimportanttousthanthe
dead.
④ThelessonsgivenbyMissLiarealwayslivelyand
interesting.
2.damagevt.损害,毁坏,破坏n.损坏,破坏
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空 /补全句子
①TheheavysnowcausedgreatdamagetothecropfarmG
ing.
②Drinkingandsmokingdamageyourhealth.
喝酒和抽烟会损害你的健康.
3.processn.过程;程序;步骤vt.加工;处理
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空 /补全句子
①Thefirmisnowintheprocessofmovingthemain
equipmenttoanewplace.Changesareinprocess.
②Intheprocessoftime,wemasteredtheskilsof
doingthework.
随着时间的推移,我们掌握了做这项工作的技巧.
1.inturn相应地;转而;依次;轮流
▶[教材对接]
Thesefrogs,inturn,feedoninsectswhicheatleavG
esandfruit.
相应地,这些青蛙以昆虫为食,而昆虫则吃树叶和
水果.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①Nowthatwehavefinishedthedesign,itisintheir
turntoconstruct.
②Atthemeetingtheytookturnstoput(put)forG
wardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethe
reformofeducationsystem.
③Thetwodaughterslookedaftertheirsickmother
byturns.
④(2023新课标卷)Ipostmyworkonsocialmedia
and,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
inonesturn轮到某人;接着
byturns轮流;交替地
taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事
Itisonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事
Itturns/turnedoutthat...结果
[温馨提示] byturns是“交替地;轮流”的意思,多
指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行;如果表示“按
顺序”则应该用inturn.
[链接写作]———完成句子
⑤人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误,反过
来,这造成更多的问题.
Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysby
usingtheirowncars,whichinturncreates more
problems.
2.breakdown消除;分解;打破
▶[教材对接]
Whenajaguardies,atinyarmyofmicroorganisms
helpsbreakdownitsbodyandreturnthenutrientsto
theearth.
当一只美洲虎死了的时候,一小群微生物就会帮忙分
解它的尸体并将营养物返还给地球.
[语境练悟]———用break的相关短语填空
①Thewholetelephonesystembrokedownbecause
ofthesuddenbigearthquake.
②Thegirlbrokeawayfromhermotherandranaway.
③Itwasreportedthatanearthquakebrokeoutin
Japan.
④Therobbershadplannedtobreakintothebankto
takeawaymoney,butfailed.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
breakin强行进入;打断 breakout爆发
breakthrough突破;冲破 breakup破碎;解散;分手
breakoff断开;中断;停顿
breakawayfrom 逃脱;脱离
breakinto强行闯入;突然开始
breakdown出故障;垮掉
[链接写作]———完成句子
⑤Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthose
boundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworlds
thatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.
历史有可能通过向我们提供对整个世界的洞察力来
打破这些界限,否则我们就会感到陌生.
3.dueto由于;因为
▶[教材对接]
Overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainG
foresthasdisappearedduetohumanactivitiessuch
asagricultureandcattlefarming.
在过去的50年里,由于农耕和养牛等人类活动,约
17%的雨林已经消失了.
[语境练悟]———补全句子
①Theelectricitybilisduetobepaidtoday.
今天该交电费了.
②Agreatdealofmoneyisduetoyou.
应该付给你一大笔钱.
③Thesportsmeetinghasbeencanceledduetothe
badweather.
由于糟糕的天气,运动会被取消了.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
beduetodosth.预期做某事;预定要做某事
bedueto(doing)sth./sb.
归因于(做)某事/某人;欠某人
bedue(for)sth.应有;应得到
[链接写作]———完成句子
④(2023全国乙卷)IhavemissedplentyofbeautiG
fulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonly
fiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.
由于在现场只有5分钟的最佳时刻,因此我错过了许
多美丽的日落和日出.
48
高考总复习 英语(YL)
1.动名词作主语
▶[教材对接]
Huntingandfishing have directlyinfluencedthe
worldsanimalpopulations.
狩猎和捕鱼直接影响世界上的动物种群的数量.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Walking(walk)atnightGtime
isagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.
②Itsnouseworrying(worry)aboutit.Youcant
doanythingtochangeit.
③KnowinghowtothinkclearlyandtospeakcorG
rectlygives(give)oneconfidence.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
(1)动名词(短语)作主语,一般表示经常性、习惯性动
作.单个动名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形
式,若多个动名词(短语)并列作主语,谓语动词用复
数形式.
(2)动名词(短语)作主语时,有时会用it作形式主
语,把真正的主语(动名词)放在后面,以避免出现头
重脚轻的情况.
[链接写作]———完成句子
④KnowingwhatcausesyourworrywilhelptoreG
ducethestress.
知道什么造成了你们的忧虑,将有助于减轻压力.
2.状语从句的省略
▶[教材对接]
Ifeltworriedwhenwatchingthedocumentary.
我看纪录片时感到担忧.
[语境练悟]———单句语法填空
①Whileworking(work),Irealisedhowharditwas
toworkinthefieldsunderahotsun.
②(2023北京卷)Whenseen (see)fromafar,the
mangroveforestsappearmoresplendid.
③Lucyraisedhisrighthandasiftosay(say)someG
thing.
[考点归纳]———知识生成
状语从句的省略
使用条件
when,while,before,after,unless,as
if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主
句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为
it;状语从句谓语中含be动词
使用方式 省略从句中的主语和be动词
[链接写作]———完成句子
④Thenyoucandoexercisesmorespecifictoyour
sportoractivity,ifnecessary.
如果有必要的话,那么你可以把更加具体的锻炼加到
体育或运动中去.
⑤Whilewritingthebook,LiShizhensufferedalot
fromtastingsomeunknownplantsonhisown.
当李时珍写这本书时,他遭受了许多痛苦亲自尝一些
不知名的植物.
学生用书 P89
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Shelikeswalkingonthebeach,becausesheenG
joysfeelingthewarmsandbeneath(在下面)
herfeet.
2.WherevertheBeatleswent,masses(大量)offans
wouldwelcomethemattheairport.
3.Manyvegetablesarerichinvitamin,fiberand
othernutrients(营养物).
4.Thenewmachineswil workfaster,thus(因此)
reducingourcosts.
5.Thenumberofpeopleemployedinagriculture(农
业)hasfaleninthelastdecade.
6.Changesintheclimate(气候)areduetopolution
oftheatmosphere.
7.BurningcoalcausesseriousairpolutionandinG
creasesglobal(全球的)warming.
8.Itsimportantforustorecycle(回收利用)those
recyclablematerials.
9.Thisisanewinventionthatwilhaveawiderange
ofapplications(应用)inindustry.
10.HesthepresidentofalargeinternationalorganiG
zation(组织).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,the
onlywayforustosurvive(survive)istolivein
harmonywithnature.
2.Myeldersistershairistwicethelength(long)of
mine.
3.Treeswereplantedtoshelter(shelter)thisarea
fromstrongsandstorms.
4.Eatingtoomuchandlackofexercisewildoharm
toourhealth.
5.Thereare manyspeciesindangerofextinction
(extinct).
6.Theislandshaveseenthedisappearance (disapG
pear)ofthe Hawaiankingdom,thedecimation
(大量毁灭)ofitspeopleandlanguage.
7.Thespeechhalinourschoolisbigenoughtohold
(hold)2,000people.
8.Heisliving(live)proofthatnotalengineersare
boring.
9.Thebankhasmanybranches(branch)aloverthe
world.
58
基础必备 必修第三册
10.NowadaysmanybusinessmenpaytoomuchatG
tentiontotheeconomic(economy)benefitsrathG
erthantheecologicalbenefits.
Ⅲ.选词填空
inturn,breakdown,breathelifeinto,dueto,
buildup,comeupwith,springtomind,giveriseto
1.Itisthereaderswhobreathelifeintoanewspaper
withtheirletter.
2.Themoreconfidenceyoubuildupinyourself,the
greaterareyourchancesofsuccess.
3.Gettingyoungpeopletogetherwilhelptobreak
downthebarriersbetweenthem.
4.Ifwehumanbeingsgoagainstnature,itwilin
turnpunishus.
5.Sheisduetomakeaspeechontheeconomynext
week.
6.Onecasecangiveriseto20or30casesintwo
weeks.
7.TheyhappenedtocomeupwiththesamesoluG
tion.
8.Ifanyotherquestionsspringtomind,donthesiG
tatetocontactme.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.政府经济政策的衰退已经开始显现.
Thecracksinthegovernmentseconomicpolicy
arealreadybeginningtoshow.
2.她刚才所说的话引起了他此刻的愤怒.
Whatshesaidjustnowgivesrisetohisangerat
themoment.
3.最初的几年里,公司没有获利.
Duringthefirstfewyears,thecompanydidnot
makeaprofit.
4.许多环保主义者抗议重工业.
Manyenvironmentalistsprotestagainstheavyindustry.
5.我们应该努力回收所有的废纸.
Weshouldtrytorecyclealour/thewastepaper.
6.士兵们为保卫他们的国家英勇作战.
Thesoldiersfoughtbravelyindefenceoftheir
country.
7.这种药含有一种使他心脏衰竭的有害化学物质.
The medicinecontainsaharmfulchemicalthat
causedhishearttofail.
8.尽管很累,但他们还是继续走.
Thoughtired,theywentonwalking.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点,请按要求补全
短文,并背诵体会黑体部分用法.
TheAmazonrainforest,1.whichisthelargest
rainforestinthe world,playsasignificantrolein
maintainingthefinebalanceoftheEarthsecosysG
tem.TheAmazonrainforestcrossesintoeightcounG
tries,2.including(include)BrazilandPeruandone
overseasregion.TheAmazonRiverisabout6,400
kilometresin3.length(long).Ofthe390,000plant
species4.known(know)toman,morethan40,000
canbefoundintheAmazon.Theforestsdifferent
levelssupport5.anunbelievablevarietyofwildlife.
Eachleveloftheforestformsitsownlittleworld,
hometodifferentkindsof6.living (live)things.
Morethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speG
ciesofmammalshideamongthejunglesplantlife.
Thisjaguarisoneexample.TheAmazonrainforest
breatheslifeintotheplanetbyfixingcarbonand
7.producing (produce)over20percentofal the
Earthsoxygen.Thus,8.itisoftenknownasthe
“lungsoftheplanet”.However,overthepast50
years,17percentoftherainforest9.hasdisappeared
(disappear)duetohumanactivities.Asaresult,we
havetothinkaboutthequestionwhetherwecanaford
10.todamage(damage)the“lungsoftheplanet”.
Ⅱ.话题微写作(投稿)
假定你是李华,你校将以“保护野生动物”为主
题,举办英语征文比赛.请你写一篇短文投稿,内容
包括:
1.野生动物的现状;
2.保护野生动物的重要性;
3.保护野生动物的措施.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.尽量使用本单元知识点.
[参考范文]
Asisknowntous,somewildanimalsareinseG
rioustroublenowadays,whosehabitatsarebeing
destroyed.To makeit worse,thepopulation of
someanimalshascrashedsharplyduetomanyfacG
tors,likeclimatechange,disastersaswelashuman
activities.
However,itsofsignificanceforustoprotect
wildanimalsbecausetheyarenotonlyessentialpart
ofthelivingenvironmentwherehumanslive,butalG
soimportantnaturalresources.
Therefore,itshightimethatimmediateaction
shouldbetakentoworkouttheissue.Ontheone
68
高考总复习 英语(YL)
hand,ourgovernmentshouldmakelawsandregulaG
tionstoprotectthem.Ontheotherhand,nature
reservesshouldbesetuptomakesuretheyhavea
safehabitat.Thelastbutnotleast,thepublic
awarenessofprotectingthewildanimalsshouldbe
furtherimproved.
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(9)———“有关季节描写的表达”
●[多样表达]
春天
1.已是春天但仍有寒意.
Itsspringbuttheresstilachilintheair.
2.怡人的奶油色和粉色的花朵像蛋糕一样结在树上.
Theblossomarriveslikecakefrostingonthetrees
indeliciouscreamandpink.
夏天
3.有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受.
Attimes,theheatwasbarelytolerable.
4.天气炎热,连一丝风都没有.
Theweatherwashot,withoutabreathofwind.
秋天
5.秋天是一个非常美丽的季节,金黄的落叶铺满
大地.
Autumnisaverybeautifulseasonwithacarpetof
goldenfalenleaves.
冬天
6.现在天黑了,雪还在下,一片片的雪花无声地飘落.
Itsdarknowandthesnowisstilfaling,clumps
ofsnowflakesdriftingwindlesslydown.
7.风呼啸着,积雪纷飞,雪白的粉末蒙蔽了黑夜.
Thewindhowled,pilingupdriftingsnow,blindingthe
nightwithiceGwhitedust.
●[佳句观摩]
1.早先光秃秃的树枝已向灿烂的春光伸出它们长满
绿芽的枝干.
Thepreviouslybarebranchesoferedtheirwandsof
tightgreenbudstothebriliantraysofspring.
2.晴空万里,太阳像烙铁一样灼烧着我的背.
Blueskiesstandtalandfar,andthesunislikea
brandingironsearingmyback.
3.叶子在中秋凉爽的空气中飘落,告别甜美的夏天,
召唤着秋天.
Leavesfluttereddowninthecoolmidautumnair,
bidingfareweltosweetsummerandbeckoningthe
autumn.
4.天气极其恶劣,冷得刺骨,天色阴郁,能见度极低.
Theweatherwasatitsworst,bitterlycold,with
leadenskiesthatgaveminimumvisibility.
●[好句仿写]
1.然后春天来了.像白色毯子一样的雪融化了.孩
子们出去采野花,像鹿一样到处乱跑.
Then spring came.The white blanket melted
away.Children wereoutfor wildflowers,and
racedaroundlikedeer.
2.在仲夏的烈日下,一切有生命的东西似乎都已用尽
了它们的能量.
Undertheburningsunofmidsummer,althelivG
ingthingsseemtohavewornouttheirenergy.
3.在几乎光秃秃的树下是一层厚厚的落叶,背景里的
绿色草地是对逝去的夏天的回忆.
Acarpetoffalenleaveslaybeneathnearlybare
trees,withgreengrassinthebackgroundserving
asamemoryofthepassingsummer.
4.天开始下雪了,寒风呼啸,好像在寻找什么人.
Itbegantosnow;acoldwindblewandroaredas
thoughitwereseekingsomeone.
学生用书 P91
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongthe
GhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaG
boutaroadtripfrom Tashkentto KarakalpakG
stan,wheremilionsofliveshavebeendestroyed
bytheslowdryingupofthesea. vt.杀死
2.MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractor
headingtowardsthemotorway.
vi.(因害怕等)吓呆了
3.(2024北京卷)Theycomedownsquarelyonone
sideortheotherandfulysupporttheirposition.
n.立场
二、一词多义———根据语境选出crash的含义
A.碰撞,坠落,坠毁 B.暴跌 C.崩溃 D.破产
1.SharepricescrashedtoanalGtimelowyesterday.
B
2.Filescanbelostifthesystemsuddenlycrashes.
C
3.Theimpactofcrashhurtledthedriveragainstthe
windshieldofthecar. A
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基础必备 必修第三册
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:数字生物多样性记录存在偏见
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarth
beforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecolected
bilionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareofteninthe
formofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.ThoughtheyareuseG
fulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,
anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.
“WiththeriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservaG
tionsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofa mobileapplication,”said
BarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessor
ofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“These
observationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysical
specimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldata
toinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedto
know:Aretheyusable?”
Usingaglobaldatasetof19bilionrecordsofplants,insects,
birds,andanimals,DaruandhisteamtestedhowwelthesedatarepreG
sentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.
“WewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamG
plingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofa
citizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrass
rightnexttoit,”saidDaru.
TheirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservationGonlyreG
cordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataare
biasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakes
sensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmoG
biledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswith
speciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecies
withattractiveoreyeGcatchingfeatures.
Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?
“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudy
resultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces-
andevenspecies-thatarenotwelGsampled.Toimprovethequalityof
observationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohave
anexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”
1.WhatdoweknowaboutthereG
cordsofspeciescolectednow?
A.TheyarebecomingoutdatG
ed.
B.TheyaremostlyinelectronG
icform.
C.TheyarelimitedinnumG
ber.
D.TheyareusedforpublicexG
hibition.
2.WhatdoesDarusstudyfocuson?
A.Threatenedspecies.
B.Physicalspecimens.
C.Observationaldata.
D.Mobileapplications.
3.WhathasledtothebiasesacG
cordingtothestudy?
A.Mistakesindataanalysis.
B.Poor quality of uploaded
pictures.
C.Improperwayofsampling.
D.Unreliable data colection
devices.
4.WhatisDarussuggestionfor
biodiversityapps?
A.Review datafrom certain
areas.
B.Hireexpertstocheckthe
records.
C.Confirmtheidentityofthe
users.
D.GiveguidancetocitizensciG
entists.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了斯
坦福大学的一项研究发现,数字生物多样性记录存在偏
见,建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据.
1.B [细节理解题.根据第一段“Today,mostreG
cordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphoG
tos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.(今天,大多
数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字
记录的形式出现.)”可知,现在收集的物种记录大
多是以电子形式存在的.]
2.C [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段 “TheseobservaG
tionsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomes
fromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweare
increasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigate
howspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,I
88
高考总复习 英语(YL)
wantedtoknow:Aretheyusable? (这些观察结果
现在超过了来自实体标本的原始数据,而且由于我
们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对
全球 变 化,我 想 知 道:它 们 有 用 吗?)”和 第 四 段
“‘Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringthe
aspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)
data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscienG
tisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadof
thegrassrightnexttoit,’saidDaru.(Daru说‘我
们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的
方面,比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照
片,而不是它旁边的草’.)”可知,Daru的研究聚焦于
观察数据,即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察
数据.]
3.C [细节理解题.根据第四段“‘WewereparticuG
larlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamG
plingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethe
greaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakea
pictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrass
rightnexttoit,’saidDaru.(Daru说‘我们特别感
兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面,比如
公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片,而不是
它旁边的草’.)”以及第五段“ThismakessensebeG
causethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversiG
tydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscienG
tistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinarG
easnearby.(这是有道理的,因为在移动设备上获
得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家,他
们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触.)”可知,
导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当.]
4.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 最 后 一 段 “Biodiversity
appscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersof
oversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—and
evenspecies—thatarenotwelGsampled.ToimG
provethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversiG
tyappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpert
confirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.
(生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来
告知用户哪些区域被过度采样,并将他们引导到未
充分采样的地方,甚至是寻找未充分采样的物种.
为了提高观测数据的质量,生物多样性应用程序还
可以鼓 励 用 户 让 专 家 确 认 他 们 上 传 的 图 像 的 身
份.)”可知,Daru建议生物多样性应用应该给公民
科学家提供指导.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.colectbilionsofrecords 收集了数十亿份记录
2.intheformof 以形式
3.withtheriseoftechnology 随着科技的兴起
4.withtheaidof 借助于,通过的帮助
5.takeapictureof 拍一张照片
6.leadtobetterglobalcoverage
导致更好的全球覆盖范围
7.improvethequalityofobservationaldata
提高观测数据的质量
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.documentn. 文件;(计算机)文档
2.biodiversityn. 生物多样性
3.biologyn. 生物学
4.observationaladj. 观察的
5.datasetn. 资料
6.likelihoodn. 可能性
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填在横线上)
1.shift
A.改变 B.自己谋生 C.转换 D.变速
①Weneedtoshiftthefocusofthisdebate.
C
②Whentheirfatherdiedlastyear,thechildren
hadtoshiftforthemselves. B
③Publicattitudestowardsmarriagehaveshifted
overthepast50years. A
2.aspect
A.方面 B.面貌 C.方位 D.方向
①ThecountrysindustryisassuminganewasG
pect. B
②Thebookaimstocoveralaspectsofcitylife.
A
③Thefutureresearchaspectaboutthesystemis
given. D
◆长句缩写
IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeG
foretheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscienG
tistshavecolectedbilionsofrecords.
[句子剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
[Intheracetodocumentthespecies(onEarth)
(beforetheygoextinct)],researchersand (citiG
zen)scientistshavecolected(bilionsof)records.
[句子缩写] ResearchersandscientistshavecolG
lectedrecords.(不超过10个单词)
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基础必备 必修第三册