课时冲关11 Unit 5 On the Road-【创新教程】2026年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（外研版2019）

课时冲关１１　Unit５　Ontheroad 学生用书　P３４１ Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 体裁:记叙文 话题:意外发现的问题 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 　　“We􀆳vegotaproblemhere,”ourmechanic (修理工)Randysaidoverthephone． “Whatisit?”Iasked．Myhusband,MatＧ thew,andIhaddroppedoffourcarforanoil changeacoupleofhoursearlier．Wehadmadean appointmentwithourusualmechanicRandyand decidedonusingsyntheticoil,whichrequiresa changeevery５００miles,asopposedto３００miles forregularoil．Thoughsyntheticoilwasthe moreexpensiveoption,itseemedlikeagoodinＧ vestmentconsideringhowmuchwewouldtravel． “Oneofmyguysputinthewrongoil,”RanＧ dyexplained．Hehadbeenoutofthegaragefora testdriveandleftouroilchangetooneofhisemＧ ployees．Theemployeehadputintheregularoil． “Nowwecandrain(排干)theengineandputin thesyntheticoil,”Randysaid．“Oryoucanleave itasitis．Youwon􀆳tbechargedsinceitwasour mistake．” MatthewandIdecidedtoleavethingsalone． Drainingtheengineseemedlikea waste．We couldgetthesyntheticoilthenexttimearound． Butwedidinsistonpayingforthework－ithad beenanhonestmistakeafteral． MatthewandIdidn􀆳tthinkabouttheoil changeuntilafewweekslater．Weweremaking planstodrivefromSouthCarolina,upthrough themountainsofWestVirginia,tovisitmyuncle inMaryland．Itwasalongtrip,andwe􀆳dalready put２８６milesonthecarsinceourlastoilchange, sowewantedRandytochangetheoilearly． Wedroppedoffthecarbeforelunchand askedRandytodothechange．We􀆳dbarelysat downtoeatwhenmyphonerang．ItwasRandy． “Yourbrakesarecompletelyshot,”hesaid．“I􀆳m surprisedtheylastedthedriveoverhere．You􀆳l needtoreplacethemimmediately．”Luckily,he hadthepartsonhand．WegavehimthegoＧahead andhungup． MatthewandIstaredateachotherindisbeＧ lief．Ifthecorrectoilhadbeenputinafewweeks earlier,wewouldn􀆳thavegonebacktothemeＧ chanicsosoon．We wouldn􀆳thaveknownthe brakeswerebad．Whoknowswhatcouldhave happened,especialyonthosemountainroads? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了一 个因机械师的失误(使用了错误的机油)而引发的 系列事件,最终这个“错误”意外地让作者及时发 现了刹车系统的问题,从而避免了可能发生的严 重后果. １．WhydidRandycaltheauthoratthebeginning ofthetext? A．Toaskforaleave． B．Toadmitamistake． C．Toofferasuggestion． D．Toreplytoaquestion． 解析:B　[细节理解题.由文章第一段“‘We􀆳ve gotaproblemhere,’ourmechanic(修理工) Randysaidoverthephone．(‘我们这里有个问 题,’我们的修理工 Randy在电话里说.)”可知, Randy打电话是为了承认一个错误.] ２．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheuseofsynＧ theticoil? A．Time􀆼consuming．　B．Jaw􀆼dropping． C．Cost􀆼effective． D．Sought􀆼after． 解析:C　[细 节 理 解 题.由 文 章 第 二 段 中 的 “Thoughsyntheticoilwasthemoreexpensive option,itseemedlikeagoodinvestmentconＧ sideringhow muchwewouldtravel．(虽然合 成油是更昂贵的选择,但考虑到我们要旅行的 时间,这似乎是一个很好的投资.)”可知,作者 认为使用合成油是成本效益高的.] ３．WhydidRandycaltheauthoragaininParaＧ graph６? A．Toreportaproblem． B．Topromoteaservice． C．Toproposeasolution． D．Toputforwardaplan． 解析:A　[细节理解题.由文章第六段中的“It wasRandy．‘Yourbrakesarecompletelyshot,’he said．‘I􀆳msurprisedtheylastedthedriveover here．You􀆳lneedtoreplacethemimmediately．’ Luckily,hehadthepartsonhand．(是Randy. ‘你的刹车完全失灵了,’他说.‘我很惊讶他们 能坚持开车过来.你需要立即更换它们.’幸运 的是,他手头有零件.)”可知,Randy再次打电 话是为了报告刹车完全失灵的问题.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰４０４􀅰 高考总复习　英语(外研版) ４．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext? A．Anunexpected“mistake” B．Begratefulfora“mistake” C．Anundesirablecaraccident D．Beregretfulforanoilchange 解析:B　[主旨大意题.通读全文,尤其是由文 章最后一段“MatthewandIstaredateachothＧ er．．．onthosemountainroads? (Matthew和我 难以置信地面面相觑.如果早几个星期装上正 确的机油,我们就不会这么快就去找修理工了. 我们就不会知道刹车坏了.谁 知 道 会 发 生 什 么,尤其是在山路上?)”可知,本文讲述了一个 因机械师的失误(使用了错误的机油)而引发的 系列事件,最终这个“错误”意外地让作者及时 发现了刹车系统的问题,从而避免了可能发生 的严重后果.因此,最合适的标题是“BegrateＧ fulfora ‘mistake􀆳(对 一 个 ‘错 误 􀆳心 存 感 激)”.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 阅读理解B 体裁:说明文 话题:新建道路 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 　　Minimizingtheenvironmentaldamagethat newroadscauseisgeneralyregardedasagood thing．Buttodothat,ithelpstounderstandjust hownewroadscausethedamageofwhichthey areaccused． Recently,agroupofresearchersledbyDr． Gonzalezconductedanexperimentand proved thatimmigrationisgoodforthehealthofanimal populations．Aroaddestroysonlyasmalpartof thehabitat,thusdestroyingjustafewlocalpopＧ ulationsofcreatures．Sotheargumentthatroad􀆼 buildingitselfisbadforbiodiversityisnotself􀆼 evidentlycorrect．Thosewhoneverthelesshold thisviewsaythatapparentlyseparatelocalpopuＧ lationsofanimalsare,infact,partsofmuchlarＧ gerpopulationsconnectedviamigration． Accordingtothistheory,whenalocalpopuＧ lationstrugglestomoveabout－becauseofanepＧ idemic,forexample－individualsfromneighborＧ ingcommunitiescanfilthegaps． TheimplicationsofthetheoryarestraightＧ forward．CutlocalpopulationsofffromeachothＧ erandeachis morelikelytodisappear．And roadsaregoodatdoingjustthat．Testingthe theorywithexperimentalroads,however,would beexpensive．Dr．Gonzalez􀆳sbrainwavewasto dothewholethingonamuchsmalerscale． Theteamstudied moss􀆼coveredrocks．On somerockstheresearchersleftthe mossunＧ touched;onotherstheymade“roadways”across toleavethe mossisolated．After waitingsix months,theyfoundthatinthedisturbedhabitats nearlyalthebugpopulationhaddeclinedcomＧ pared withundisturbed moss,and４０％ ofthe specieshadbecomeextinct． Therealtestcameinthesecondpartofthe experiment．Inthis,theresearchersremoved mossmuchasbefore,buttheyleftnarrow moss pathsto bridgethe no􀆼bug􀆳s􀆼land between islands．Theislandswithbridgesdidfarbetter thanisolatedislands－aresultthatsupportsthe notionthatpopulationexchangeisnecessaryto keepanecosystemhealthy． Whethertheseresultscanbetranslatedto large􀆼scaleecosystemsremainsuncertain．Butif theycan,theywouldcausemore,notless,conＧ cernabouttheecologicaleffectsofroad􀆼building． Ontheotherhand,theyalsosuggestawayout． InBritain,tunnelsareoftenbuiltunderroadsfor animalsofregularhabits,suchasbadgers(獾), tobeabletotraveltheirtraditionalrouteswithＧ outhavingtofightwithtraffic．Extendingthat principle,perhapsspecialbridges mightbea cheapwayoflettingmanandnaturerubalonga bitbetter． [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文.主要讲述了新建 道路对环境的破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这 种破坏的新方法. ５．What􀆳sthemainideaofthepassage? A．Calingonustostopbuildingroadsfora healthyecosystem． B．Warningusofpotentialdangersofanimal immigration． C．Informingusoftheenvironmentaldamage causedbynewroads． D．Suggestinganew waytoavoidthedamage causedbynewroads． 解析:C　[主旨大意题.根据第一段“MinimiＧ zingtheenvironmentaldamagethatnewroads causeisgeneralyregardedasagoodthing． 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰５０４􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 基础必备　必修第二册 Buttodothat,ithelpstounderstandjusthow newroadscausethedamageofwhichtheyare accused．(把新道路造成的环境破坏降到最低通 常被认为是一件好事,但要做到这一点,有助于 理解新道路是如何造成被指责的破坏的.)”可 知,短 文 主 要 告 诉 我 们 新 路 对 环 境 造 成 的 破坏.] ６．Dr．Gonzalez􀆳sexperimentfoundthat　　　　． A．buildingroadsisexpensive B．immigrationisgoodforanimals C．roadscutoffanimalimmigration D．tunnelsshouldbebuiltunderroads 解 析:B 　 [细 节 理 解 题. 根 据 第 二 段 “Recently,agroupofresearchersledbyDr． Gonzalezconductedanexperimentandproved thatimmigrationisgoodforthehealthofaniＧ malpopulations．(最近,冈萨雷斯博士领导的一 组研究人员进行了一项实验,证明了迁移对动 物种群的健康有益.)”可知,迁移对动物有益.] ７．Howdoestheauthorpresenthispoint? A．Byanalyzingfacts． B．Bygivingexamples． C．Byprovidingscientificfindings． D．Bycomparingpossibleeffects． 解析:C　[推理判断题.根据第二段“Recently,a groupofresearchersledbyDr．Gonzalezconducted anexperimentandprovedthatimmigrationis goodforthehealthofanimalpopulations．”,第 三段 “Accordingtothistheory,whenalocal populationstrugglestomoveabout－because ofanepidemic,forexample－individualsfrom neighboringcommunitiescanfilthegaps．”和 第五段“Afterwaitingsixmonths,theyfound thatinthedisturbedhabitatsnearlyalthebug populationhaddeclinedcomparedwithundisＧ turbedmoss,and４０％ ofthespecieshadbeＧ comeextinct．”可知,短文是通过提供科学发现 来呈现观点的.] ８．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefolowＧ ingstatementswilthewriteragreewith? A．Theimpactofroad􀆼buildingisnotasserious aswethought． B．Road􀆼buildingisbeneficialtoanimalimmiＧ gration． C．Environmentaldamagecausedbyroad􀆼buildingis stiluncertain． D．Environmentaldamagecausedbyroad􀆼building mightbelessened． 解析:D　[推理判断题.根据文章最后一段“In Britain,tunnelsareoftenbuiltunderroadsfor animalsof．．．naturerubalongabitbetter．”可 推知,通过合理建设道路,作者认为道路造成的 环境破坏可能会被减轻.] 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 体裁:说明文 话题:加入跑步俱乐部的几个好处 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 　　Livinginacity,youoftenseeagroupof runnersemergearoundacorner．Theylaughand chattogetherastheirrunningshoesrhythmicaly touchthepavement．　１ 　．Joiningsucha groupclubisgreatforrunners．Herearesome reasonstoinspireyoutobecomeamemberofit． Getmoremotivation Whenyourunalone,itishardertogetout ofthedoorandontothepavement．ThereisofＧ tenaconvincinginnervoicethatwhisperstoyou tosimplystayathome! 　２ 　．Yourrunning friendswilbelookingforwardtoseeingyouand wil missyouifyoudonotshowup． Becomeabetterrunner 　３　．Mostclubshavecoachesortrainers． TrainerscanassistyouinsettingapaceandesＧ tablishingrealisticandachievablegoals,andtrain youtobethebestrunneryoucanbe．Acoach wil developvarietyinrunningroutesandconＧ tent,makingthe whole workoutsoenjoyable thatyoumayperformbetterwithoutevenrealiＧ zinghowmuchdistanceyoucovered． 　４　 Whenyouarepartofaclub,youcanmake friendswiththosesharingthesamepassion．AcＧ cordingtoafitnessmagazine,runnersareknown tobeafriendlybunch! ThisoffersasenseofbeＧ longing,andafterawhile,thesenew partners feellikeawarmfamilyandcanbecomelifelong friends． Feelsafe Mostrunnerschoosetoruninfalorwinter andthismaymeangoingoutonadarkevening． Whenrunningalone,itishardertoseetheroad 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰６０４􀅰 高考总复习　英语(外研版) andyoumayeasilytriporfal duetothedarkＧ ness．Wheninagroup,youwilberemindedof possibledangersandifthereisanaccident,peoＧ plearetheretohelpyou．　５　． A．Developfriendship B．Becomemorefriendly C．Theserunnersareoftenpartofarunningclub D．Thiscandefinitelygiveyouasenseofsecurity E．Whenrunninginagroup,youmayhityour personalgoalsmorequickly F．However,beingpartofagrouppushesyouto participateinarunningevent G．Yougetencouragementandprotectionfrom thisgroupofrunnersthatpassedby [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍 了加入跑步俱乐部的几个好处. １．C　[根据空前“Livinginacity,youoftenseea group ofrunnersemergearound acorner． Theylaughandchattogetherastheirrunning shoesrhythmicalytouchthepavement．(生活 在城市中,你经常看到一群跑步者从一个角落 出现.他们边跑边笑,边聊天,他们的跑鞋有节 奏地触碰着人行道.)”及空后“Joiningsucha groupclubisgreatforrunners．(加入这样的跑 步团体对跑步者来说非常棒.)”可知,C 项“这 些跑步者通常是跑步俱乐部的成员”符合,起承 前启后的作用.干扰项 G项中的thisgroupof runners看似与空前的内容相关,但 G 项中的 protection与空前内容无关,可排除.] ２．F　[上文提到“Whenyourunalone,itisharＧ dertogetoutofthedoorandontothepaveＧ ment．(当你独自一人跑步时,更难走出家门, 踏上人行道.)”可知,空前主要介绍一个人跑步 会有很多阻碍,故该空应该是一个转折,该空应 该谈及加入跑步俱乐部的益处,故 F项“然而, 成为跑步团体的一员会督促你参加跑步活动” 符合.该空后也进一步介绍为什么身为团体的 一员会有参加跑步活动的动力.] ３．E　[根据本段的小标题Becomeabetterrunner 及空 后 “Trainerscanassistyouinsettinga paceandestablishingrealisticandachievable goals,andtrainyoutobethebestrunneryou canbe．Acoachwildevelopvarietyinrunning routesandcontent,makingthewholeworkout soenjoyablethatyoumayperformbetterwithＧ outevenrealizinghow muchdistanceyoucovＧ ered．(教练可以帮助你设定节奏,确立现实的 和可达成的目标,并训练你成为最好 的 跑 者. 教练会开发多样化的跑步路线和内容,使得整 个锻炼过程如此愉快,以至于你可能会在不知 不觉中表现得更好,甚至没有意识到自己跑了 多少距离.)”可知,E项“在跟团跑步时,你可能 会更快地完成你的个人目标”符合.] ４．A　[根据本段的关键信息“Whenyouarepart ofaclub,youcanmakefriendswiththoseshaＧ ringthesamepassion．Accordingtoafitness magazine,runnersareknowntobeafriendly bunch! Thisoffersasenseofbelonging,and afterawhile,thesenew partnersfeellikea warmfamilyandcanbecomelifelongfriends． (当你成为俱乐部的一部分时,你可以与那些分 享同样热情的人交朋友.根据一家健身杂志的 说法,跑步者被认为是一个友好的群体! 这提 供了一种归属感,过一段时间后,这些新伙伴感 觉就像 一 个 温 暖 的 家 庭,可 以 成 为 终 身 的 朋 友.)”可知,A 项“建立友谊”适合作本段的小标 题.“友好”只是本段的一个小信息点,故干扰 项B项可排除.] ５．D　 [根 据 本 段 的 小 标 题 Feelsafe 及 空 前 “Wheninagroup,you wil beremindedof possibledangersandifthereisanaccident, peoplearetheretohelpyou．(当在一个团队中 时,你会被提醒可能存在的危险,如果发生事 故,会有人在那里帮助你.)”可知,D项“这绝对 可以给你一种安全感”符合.D 项中的 This指 代空前的一整句话.] [日积月累]　阅读理解B Thosewhoneverthelessholdthisviewsaythat apparentlyseparatelocalpopulationsofanimals are,infact,partsof muchlargerpopulations connectedviamigration． 句中connectedviamigration 是过去分词短语作 定语. 句意:然而,那些持这种观点的人说,看似独立的 当地动物种群实际上是通过迁徙联系在一起的更 大种群的一部分. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀅰７０４􀅰 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 基础必备　必修第二册