内容正文:
[必修第二册]
课时冲关7 Unit1 Foodforthought
学生用书 P333
Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 体裁:说明文 话题:世界粮食日海报大赛
WorldFoodDayPosterContest
Ifyoureagedbetween5and19andwherevG
eryoulive,theFoodandAgricultureOrganizaG
tion(FAO)oftheUnitedNationswantstohear
from you! Useyourimaginationandcreatea
postershowingaworldwherenooneisleftbeG
hindandeveryonehasaccesstohealthyandafG
fordablefood.
Rules:
●Theregistrationperiodwilendat12:00on
Friday,November3.
●Thecontestisdividedintothefolowing
categories:from5to8yearsold,from9to12
yearsold,from13to15yearsoldandfrom16to
19yearsold.
●Participants whosubmit morethanone
posterwilbedisqualified.
●Alartworksmustbeoriginal.AndpostG
ershavetobedrawnorpaintedwithpensorcolG
oredpencilsorbedesigneddigitaly.
●Postersmayormaynotincludethetext.
Ifthetextisused,nomorethan25wordswilbe
accepted.Dontincludenames,schoolnames,
age,contactinformationorphotographicpictures
ofthecompetitors,etc.
●PosterscanonlybesentusingtheregisG
trationformprovidedforthispurpose.Alfields
oftheentryformmustbecompletedandoncethe
posterdesignhasbeenuploaded,theSUBMIT
buttonmustbeclicked.
● Only digitalfilesinJPEG format wil
beaccepted
Prize:
●Theselectioncommittee wil choose15
postersineachcategoryfortheshortlist(决选名
单)andinformtheminDecember.ShortlistedcanG
didateswilreceiveacertificateforthisachievement.
●Ajury(评委会)wilchoosethreewinning
postersfrom eachcategory,andthesewinning
posterswilbeannouncedontheWorldFoodDay
website.
●Winnerswil bepromotedonFAOsocial
mediaandwilalsoreceiveacertificateofrecogG
nitionandasurprisegiftbag.
[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了
世界粮食日海报大赛的参赛规则.
1.Whatisarequirementfortheparticipants?
A.Theymustpresentonlyoneposter.
B.Theymustdesigntheirpostersdigitaly.
C.TheymustuploadtheirpostersonNov.3.
D.TheymustprovidetheirpersonalinformaG
tion.
解析:A [细节理解题.根据文章 Rules部分
中 “Participants whosubmit morethan one
posterwilbedisqualified.(提交多于一张海报
的参赛者将被取消参赛资格.)”可知,对参赛者
的要求是他们只能提交一张海报.]
2.How many posters wil bechosenforthe
shortlistinal?
A.15. B.30. C.45. D.60.
解析:D [细节理解题.根据文章 Rules部分
中第二点“ThecontestisdividedintothefolG
lowingcategories:from5to8yearsold,from
9to12yearsold,from13to15yearsoldand
from16to19yearsold.(比赛分为5-8岁、
9-12岁、13-15岁和16-19岁.)”可知,比赛
分四个类别;再根据 Prize部分中“TheselecG
tioncommitteewilchoose15postersineach
categoryfortheshortlist(决选名单)andinG
formtheminDecember.(评选委员会将在每个
类别中选出15张海报进入决选名单,并于12
月通知他们.)”可知,每个类别中选出15张海
报进入决选名单,共四个类别,所以共60张海
报会进入决选名单.]
3.Whatwilhappentothewinners?
A.TheywilbecomemembersofFAO.
B.TheywilbeintroducedonFAOmedia.
C.Theywilreceivealotofmoney.
D.Theywilgetmanybagsfulofposters.
解析:B [细节理解题.根据文章Prize部分中
最后一点“Winnerswil bepromotedonFAO
socialmediaandwilalsoreceiveacertificateof
recognitionandasurprisegiftbag.(获奖者将
在粮农组织社交媒体上进行宣传,并将获得认
可证书和惊喜礼品袋.)”可知,获奖者将在粮农
组织媒体上被宣传.]
983
基础必备 必修第二册
阅读理解B 体裁:说明文 话题:方便面
WhatdoastudentinChina,anofficeworker
intheUKandanastronautinspaceal havein
common? Theyaleatinstantnoodles.Andtheyre
notalone-over100bilionservingsofinstantnooG
dlesareconsumedglobalyeachyear,making
themoneoftheworldsmostsuccessfulindustriG
alfoods.Buthowdidthishappen?
Putsimply,theyrecheaptoproduceand
cheaptobuy,whichwasexactlywhattheircreaG
torintendedtoachieve.MomofukuAndo,anenG
trepreneur,spentayearperfectingtherecipejust
aftertheSecondWorldWar.Hewantedtomake
somethingsimilartotraditionalnoodles.HiscreG
ationwasinstantlypopular,playingapartinthe
postwareconomicrise.Evenintheyear2000-
accordingtoapolbytheFujiResearchInstitute-inG
stantnoodleswerevotedthemostsuccessfulinG
vention,aheadofhighspeedtrains,laptopsand
karaoke.
Accordingtothe WorldsInstant Noodles
Association,China,Indonesia,VietnamandInG
dia-inthatorder—al consumed moreinstant
noodlesthan beforein2021.Instantnoodles
popularityabroadisinpartduetohoweasythey
aretoadapttolocaltastes.InThailand,forexG
ample,youcangetgreencurryflavour,whilein
Mexicothenoodlesaregarnished(加饰菜)with
limeandsalsa.Anditseemsthatconsumershave
growntoexpectinnovation.Nissin,thefood
companyfoundedby Ando,launchesover300
productsyearly,accordingtoemployee Kasura
Suzuki.
Instantnoodleshavetheircritics,too.Their
riseinpopularityhascomeatanenvironmental
cost-theyremadewithpalmoil,contributingto
deforestation,andtheirpackagingisplastic.And
whiletheyareahot,tastyandfilingmeal,inG
stantnoodlesdonthavemuchnutritionalvalue,
andincludehighlevelsofsaltandfat.NevertheG
less,instantnoodlesareundoubtedlylifesaversin
emergencyorextremesituations.
Morethan60yearsaftertheirinvention,inG
stantnoodleshavebecomethedefaultfoodfor
anyoneshortonmoney,time,orevenakitchen.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.介绍了方便面
的前世今生,说明方便面是世界上最成功的工业
化食品之一.
4.HowdoestheauthorbringinthetopicinParaG
graph1?
A.Bygivingexamples.
B.Bymakinganassumption.
C.Byaskingquestions.
D.Byreasoningandanalyzing.
解析:C [推 理 判 断 题. 根 据 文 章 第 一 段
“WhatdoastudentinChina,anofficeworkG
er...each year, making them one ofthe
worldsmostsuccessfulindustrialfoods.But
howdidthishappen? (中国的一名学生、英国
的一名办公室职员和太空中的一名宇航员有什
么共同点? 他们都吃方便面.他们并不是唯一
的———超过1000亿份方便面就是这样每年在
全球范围内被消费,使其成为世界上最成功的
工业食品之一.但这是怎么发生的呢?)”可知,
文章第一段通过提出问题来引出本文主题与方
便面有关.]
5.Whatwastheoriginalintentionofinventing
instantnoodles?
A.Topromotetraditionalculture.
B.Toreduceenvironmentalcost.
C.Toearnmoreprofit.
D.Tomakethemlowcostandaffordable.
解析:D [细节理解题.根据文章第二段“Put
simply,theyrecheaptoproduceandcheapto
buy,whichwasexactlywhattheircreatorinG
tendedtoachieve.(简单地说,它们的生产成本
和购买成本都很低,这正是它们的创造者想要
实现的目标.)”可知,发明方便面的最初目的是
为了使它们成本低,价格实惠.]
6.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytelusaboutinG
stantnoodles?
A.Theirworldwidepopularity.
B.Theirmajorcontribution.
C.Theirconsumerspreferences.
D.Theirinnovativefeatures.
解析:A [主旨大意题.根据文章第三段“InG
stantnoodlespopularityabroadisinpartdue
tohoweasytheyaretoadapttolocaltastes.
(方便面在国外受欢迎的部分原因是它们很容
易适 应 当 地 的 口 味.)”及 下 文 举 例 “InThaiG
land,forexample,youcanget...by Ando,
launchesover300productsyearly,according
toemployeeKasuraSuzuki.”可知,本段主要介
绍方便面世界范围内的普遍流行.]
7.Whatisthebestexplanationfor“thedefault
food”inthelastparagraph?
A.Thepreferredfood.
B.Themostdeliciousfood.
C.Thecheapestfood.
D.Themostnutritiousfood.
解析:A [词义猜测题.根据最后一段划线词
后 文 “foranyoneshorton money,time,or
evenakitchen(给那些缺钱,缺时间,甚至缺厨
房的人)”及 上 文 第 二 段 “Putsimply,theyre
cheaptoproduceandcheaptobuy,whichwas
exactlywhattheircreatorintendedtoachieve.”及
第三段“Instantnoodlespopularityabroadisin
partduetohoweasytheyaretoadapttolocal
tastes.”讲的方便面的好处可知,方便面应为具
备这些条件的人的首选食品,thedefaultfood
与thepreferredfood意思相近,表示“优选食品”.]
093
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁:说明文 话题:空腹喝咖啡
TheDebateonDrinking
CoffeeonanEmptyStomach
Theresapopularbeliefthatdrinkingcoffee
onanemptystomachcandamagethestomach
lining(胃黏膜).ThisarticleinvestigatesthevaG
lidityoftheseclaimsandexploresthebroaderinG
fluencesforgut(肠道)health.
1 Butsomeworrythishabitcouldharm
theirstomachs.Claimsonsocialmediasuggest
thatsuchapracticecouldleadtovariousilnesG
ses.However,KimBarrett,aphysiologyprofesG
sor,assuresthatthestomachisstrong,equipped
withprotective mechanismslikeathickliquid
layerthatprotectsitfrompotentialirritantssuch
ascoffee.
Whilesubstanceslikealcoholareknownto
alterthestomachsdefenses,research,a2013
studyofover8,000participantslivinginJapan,
showsnosubstantiallinkbetweencoffeeconG
sumptionandthedevelopmentofulcers(溃疡).
2
Theideathatcoffeeinducesstomachacid
productioniswelestablished,whichcouldtheoG
reticalyleadtoheartburn,especialyifconsumed
onanemptystomach. 3 A 2014review
foundnoconnectionbetweencoffeeandheartG
burn,whereasa2020studyindicatedapossible
increaseinheartburnsymptomsamonghabitual
coffeedrinkers.
Ifyouexperiencediscomfortafterdrinking
coffee,considercuttingdowntheconsumption.
4 Thatmeansyoudrinklesscoffeeinaway.
Forthosewhotolerateitwel,theresnoneedto
alteryourroutine.
Whilethedebateontheimpactofdrinking
coffeeonanemptystomachcontinues,theeviG
denceleansmoretowardsitssafetyratherthan
harm.MonitoringpersonalsymptomsandmakG
ingsmaladjustmentscanhelpindividualsenjoy
coffee withoutdiscomfort. 5 And what
worksforonepersonmightnotforanother.
A.Addingsomemilkcanalsohelp.
B.However,studiesoffermixedresults.
C.Remember,individualresponsescanvary.
D.Nonetheless,coffeedoeshaveaneffecton
thegut.
E.Theres moreevidenceforcoffeesbenefits
thanharms.
F.Manypeoplestarttheirdaywithacupbefore
eatinganything.
G.ItsuggeststhatcoffeedoesntharmthestomG
achliningdirectly.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.本文探讨了空
腹喝咖啡对胃黏膜有害说法的有效性,并探索了
其对肠道健康的更广泛影响.
1.F [根据空后“Butsomeworrythishabitcould
harmtheirstomachs.(但有些人担心这种习惯
可能会损害他们的胃.)”和“coffee”可知,空处
应是 提 及 喝 咖 啡 的 习 惯.F 项 “Manypeople
starttheirdaywithacupbeforeeatinganyG
thing.(许多人在吃饭前都会喝上一杯咖啡来
开始新的一天.)”符合语境.]
2.G [根据空前“Whilesubstanceslikealcohol
areknowntoalterthestomachsdefenses,reG
search,a2013studyofover8,000participants
livinginJapan,showsnosubstantiallinkbeG
tweencoffeeconsumptionandthedevelopment
ofulcers(溃疡).(虽然人们知道酒精等物质会
改变胃的防御能力,但2013年对8000多名日
本居民进行的一项研究表明,饮用咖啡与溃疡
形成之间没有实质性联系.)”可知,前面提到咖
啡和溃疡没有联系,不会直接导致胃黏膜损害.
G 项“Itsuggeststhatcoffeedoesntharmthe
stomachliningdirectly.(这表明咖啡不会直接
损害胃黏膜.)”符合语境.]
3.B [上文“Theideathatcoffeeinducesstomach
acidproductioniswelestablished,whichcouldtheG
oreticalyleadtoheartburn,especialyifconG
sumedonanemptystomach.(咖啡会引起胃酸
分泌的观点已得到充分证实,理论上来说,这可
能会导致胃灼热,尤其是在空腹时饮用.)”提到
从理论方面咖啡和胃灼热的关系,下文“A2014
reviewfoundnoconnectionbetweencoffeeand
heartburn,whereasa2020studyindicateda
possible increase in heartburn symptoms
amonghabitualcoffeedrinkers.(2014的一项
综述发现,咖啡和胃灼热之间没有联系,而2020
年的一项研究表明,习惯喝咖啡的人胃灼热症
状可能会增加.)”提到了一些这方面的不同研
究,B 项 “However,studiesoffer mixedreG
sults.(然而,研究提供了不同的结果.)”符合语
境.]
4.A [根据空后“ThatmeansyoudrinklesscofG
feeinaway.(从某种程度上来说,这意味着你
喝的咖啡少了.)”可知,建议减少咖啡加入其他
的 东 西.A 项 “Addingsome milkcanalso
help.(添加一些牛奶也有帮助.)”符合语境.]
5.C [根据空后“Andwhatworksforoneperson
mightnotforanother.(对一个人有用的方法
可能对另一个人无效.)”可知,前面说的反应不
同,因为对于一个人有用的方法可能对另一人
没有用.C 项“Remember,individualresponG
sescanvary.(记住,每个人的反应都是不同
的.)”符合语境.]
[日积月累] 阅读理解 A
1.affordableadj. 负担起的
2.disqualified adj. 不合格的
3.registrationperiod 注册日期
4.designeddigitaly 数码设计
5.shortlistedcandidates 入围候选人
193
基础必备 必修第二册