内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句欣赏
1.giveuphalfway 半途而废
2.developanappetitefor... 对产生食欲
3.outofcontrol 失控
4.soilerosion 土壤侵蚀
5.onceandforal 彻底地;一劳永逸地
6.ecologybalance 生态平衡
7.causeandeffect 因果关系
8.achieveabreakthrough 取得突破性进展
9.incomparisonwith 与相比
10.seasonalvariation 季节性变化
1.Themiludeerisanendangeredanimal.InChina,itreG
presentsgoodfortune.
麋鹿是一种濒危动物,在中国它代表着好运.
2.Afterthedisasterthereweremanypeoplewhowanted
foodandshelter.
这场灾难过后,有许多人需要食物和住所.
3.Propermeasuresmustbetakentolimitthenumberof
touristsandthegreateffortsshouldbemadetoproG
tectedlocalenvironmentandhistory.
应该采取适当的措施限制旅游者的数量,努力保护当
地环境和历史.
学生用书 P216
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.halfwayadj. 中间的,半途的
2.habitatn. 栖息地
3.subsequentlyadv. 后来,随后
4.appetiten. 胃口,食欲
5.multiplyv. 大大增加
6.chaosn. 大混乱;紊乱
7.trapn. 夹子,陷阱
8.departuren. 离开
9.explodev. 突然增加
10.colapsev. 倒坍;塌下
11.incidentn. 事件
12.owev. 应该做;对负有的义务
13.dissolvev. 溶解
14.nutrientn. 养分,营养物
15.visualadj. 视觉的
16.sessionn. 一段时间
17.statusn. 地位,身份
18.criterionn. 标准,准则
19.rareadj. 稀有的,罕见的
20.vastadj. 巨大的;广大的
21.altituden. 海拔
22.thrivev. 茁壮成长
23.elsewhereadv. 在别处
24.coexistv. 共存,共处
25.secureadj. 稳固的;安全的
26.greetingn. 问候,招呼
27.dramaticalyadv. 显著地
28.interventionn. 干预,介入
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.conservev.保护,保存→conservationn.保护
2.decreasevi.&vt.减少;(使)变小;变少→increasev.
增加
3.ecologyn.生态学→ecologicaladj.生态学的
4.comparevt.比较→comparisonn.比较
5.mysteriousadj.神秘的→mysteryn.密,秘密
6.biologyn.生物,生物学→biologicaladj.
生物的
7.varyv.变化→variationn.差异;变化
8.endangervt.使处于险境→endanG
geredadj.濒危的
9.invadev.入侵,侵略→invasionn.入侵
642
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.heritagen. 遗产,传统
2.inhabitantn. 栖居的动物
3.penguinn. 企鹅
4.vegetationn. 植物,草木
5.erosionn. 侵蚀
6.immunityn. 免疫力
7.substantialadj. 大量的,多的
8.postscriptn. 附言
9.pestn. 害虫
10.wormn. 幼虫
11.herbaladj. 用香草制成的
12.prosperv. 兴旺,发达
13.fossiln. 化石
14.floraladj. 花的
15.beehiven. 蜂房,蜂箱
[Part2 闪记核心短语]
1.onbehalfof 代表
2.thenumberof 的数量
3.outofcontrol 失去控制
4.turnout 结果是
5.breakdown 使分解
6.avarietyof 种种,各种各样
7.makeit 获得成功;准时到达
8.takeover 接管,接手
9.comeupwith 想出,提出
10.inreturn 作为回报
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.it作形式宾语
Novisitorwouldthinkitsurprising(认为意外)thattheislandisaUNESCO
WorldHeritage.
2.形容词短语作状语
Looseontheisland(在岛上不受束缚),theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymulG
tiplied...
3.that引导表语从句
Theendresultwasthatparakeets,oncelargeinnumberandnativetotheisland,
diedoutin1891(岛上原本数量众多的本土鸟类———长尾鹦鹉,在1891年灭绝).
[Part4 积累联想拓展]
以deG开头动词集汇 take相关短语表达
①depress 使沮丧
②decline 下降,减少
③delight 使(某人)高兴
④debate 辩论,争论
⑤decrease 减少,减小
⑥determine 决心
①takein 吸收;欺骗;收留;领会
②takeoff 起飞;脱下;迅速流行
③take...forgranted 认为理所当然
④takeover 接管;继承;支配
⑤takeapart 拆开
⑥takeon 呈现;雇用
742
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
学生用书 P218
[核心词汇———逐点清]
1.decreasen.&v.减少,减小,降低
▶ [教材对接]
(1)ButalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopuG
lationtodecreasefrom130,000toaround10,000,
italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.
但是虽然该病毒使得兔子的数量从13万只减少到
1万只左右,这也意味着猫的食物更少了.
①decreaseby... 减少了(表示减少的量)
decrease(from...)to...
(从)减少到(表示减少后的量)
decreasein... 在方面减少
②onthedecrease 在减少
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Theaccidentshavedecreasedby20%sincethe
measuresweretaken.
(3)Thecrimerateinthisareahasdecreasedtothe
lowestlevelnowadays.
(4)TeaisstilalargepartofdailylifeintheUK
today,butitseemstobeonthedecrease.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)Thedemandforcornisdecreasinginthis
country.
→Thedemandforcornisonthedecreaseinthis
country.
2.owevt.应该做;对负有的义务;欠(账、
钱等);归功于
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Thisinterventionisalong,muchdelayedendG
ingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheisG
landtogiveitahappyending.
这样的干预将为这个悲剧故事画上一个长长的、迟
来的句号,而这是我们人类应该为这座岛所做的事
情———给它一个幸福的结局.
①owe...to... 把归功于
owesth.tosb.=owesb.sth.欠某人某物
②oweitto...todosth.
(认为)应该为做某事
③owingto 因为
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Iowemysuccesstomy
socialteacherwhoisabeaconinmylifeonthe
roadtowriting.
(3)Thecompanyowed(owe)moneytomorethan
60banks.
(4)Youoweittoyourfriendstobehonestwith
them.
(5)(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)GivinghimanotherapolG
ogeticsmile,Iaskedhimforadelayinpayment
andpromisedtocal himandpayhim backthe
moneyIowed(owe)him.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(6)Heowedhispersonalsuccessmoretohisyears
ofhardworkthantohisgoodluck.
他将自己的个人成功更多地归功于多年的努力工
作而不是运气.
3.comparisonn.比较
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Data,examplesandcomparisonsarethenused
tosupportthemainideas.
数据、例子和比较,然后被用来支持主要意思.
①makeacomparison 作比较
incomparisonto/with 与相比
②comparev. 比较
compare...with/to...把和作比较
compare...to... 把比作
comparedwith/to... 和相比(通常作状语)
③beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比
[基础练通] 用compare的适当形式填空
(2)(2023北京卷)ComparedwiththedevelopG
mentsofAI,advancesinALifearehardertorecG
ognize.
(3)Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(类人猿)reG
quireonly8%ofrestGtimeenergy.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Ateacherisoftencomparedtoacandle.Thats
becausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond/without
compare.
老师常被喻为蜡烛.那是因为他们对工作的奉献
精神是无与伦比的.
4.departuren.离开,(航班等)出发
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Withthedepartureofthecatsfromtheisland,
themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.
猫从岛上消失了,小鼠和大鼠的数量便开始增加.
①departv. 离开,出发;违反
departfrom 离开,从出发;违反,背离
②departmentn. 系;部;司;局
842
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)ThetraintoBeijingwildepartfromPlatform
6infiveminutes.
(3)Aboardinsidetheairportshowsarrivalsand
departures(depart).
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Noticesshowingarrivalsanddeparturesof
trainhasbeenshownintheelectricascreen.
列车到达和开出时刻的公告早已在电子显示屏上
显示出来.
5.onbehalfof代表;为了的利益
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Itismygreatpleasuretogivealecturehereon
behalfoftheBeatOnewithNatureAssociation.
我很荣幸能代表“与自然合一”协会在这里发表
演讲.
①onbehalfofsb.=onsb.sbehalf 代表某人
②(近义词)representvt.
用来表示代表某人/某个团体/政府等
standfor 往往用来表示(字母、数字、符号)
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Iamdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschool
aboutglobalwarming.
(3)Youragentwilneedtosigntheformonyour
behalf.
[能力提升] 同义句转换
(4)Tomisagiftedboyindrawing,whoparticiG
patesinapaintingcompetitionrepresentinghis
school.
=Tomisagiftedboyindrawing,whoparticiG
patesinapaintingcompetitiononbehalfofhis
school.
6.appetiten.食欲;胃口;强烈欲望
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Unfortunately,thecatssubsequentlydevelG
opedanappetiteforthebirds,too.
不幸的是,这些猫随后也对鸟类产生了食欲.
①haveagood/poor/noappetite
胃口好/胃口不好/没有胃口
developanappetitefor...对产生食欲
givesb.anappetite 使某人胃口大开
lossofappetite 食欲不振
②haveanappetitefor... 渴望
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)TheyoungmanhasnoappetiteformeatbeG
causehehaseatentoomuchrecently.
(3)Lotsofstudentsnowhaveastrongappetitefor
knowledge.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Hehadagoodappetiteandfinishedupahuge
amountoffoodinashorttime.
他胃口很好,很快就吃完了大量的食物.
7.endangeredadj.濒危的;濒临灭绝的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)AlthoughendangeredelsewhereinChinadue
totheinvasion offoreignspecies,thebeesof
Shennongjiahavecoexistedwiththelocalpeople
forcenturies.
尽管由于外来物种的入侵,神农架的蜜蜂在中国其
他地方濒临灭绝,但它们与当地人已经共存了几个
世纪.
①endangerv. 危及;危害
②dangern. 危险
indanger 处于危险中
outofdanger 脱离危险
③dangerousadj. 危险的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024 新 课 标 Ⅰ 卷)HabitatRestoration
TeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsenG
sitiveresourcesandprotectingendangered(endanG
ger)speciesacrosstheridgesandvaleys.
(3)Developmentoftheareawouldendanger(danG
ger)wildlife.
(4)Thosearedangerous(danger)phrasestoinG
cludeinyourselfGtakeinregardstoyourmental
health.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Atpresent,therearemanyendangeredanimals
protectedinthereserve.
目前,有很多濒危的动物被保护在自然保护区.
[间考词汇———要知晓]
1.trapv.使陷入困境;阻止n.陷阱,诡计
单句语法填空
(1)Thebombexploded,trapping(trap)victimsin
thebuilding.
(2)Firemenhadtobreakthedoordowntoreach
thepeopletrapped(trap)inthehouse.
(3)Luckily,hewastrappedintotelingthepolice
alheknew.
942
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
2.chaosn.大混乱;紊乱
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)Thehousewasinchaosaftertheparty.
(2)Theseverefloodscausedchaosinthisarea(导
致了这一地区的混乱).
3.apparentlyadv.据说;看来;似乎
用apparent的适当形式填空 /完成句子
(1)Apparently,blindlyfolowingothersadvice
wilaffectourownjudgement.
(2)Therewereapparentdisagreementbetweentheir
stories.
(3)Itisapparentthat(很显然)westudentsalso
havetriedal possiblemeanstodosomethingin
returnforourteachers.
4.breakdown使分解;失败;身体垮掉;(车辆)拋锚
选词填空
breakinto,breakthrough,breakawayfrom,
breakup,breakdown
(1)(2024全国甲卷)Ifitsshortstories,Peter
Mountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantry
toseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.
(2)Hishousewasbrokenintolastnight.
(3)Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolicemanand
ranaway.
(4)Whatifyoubreakupwithyourpartner?
(5)Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreak
throughinthefightagainstcancer.
1.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdo
best—theymultipliedrapidly,...
由于在岛上放任其生存,兔子做了它们最擅长的
事情———它们迅速繁殖,
本句中Looseontheisland是形容词短语作状语.
①形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随
状况等,可位于句首、句末或句中,常用逗号与句
子其他成分隔开.
②形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状
态,即和主语常可构成系表关系.如果用来修饰句
子的谓语动词或整个句子,则应用副词作状语.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)Exhausted(exhaust),Islidintobedandfel
fastasleep.
(2)Weak(weaken)and marginal,humanbeings
remainedafraidofmeateatinganimals.
(3)Toourrelief,themissingchildreturnedhome
tendayslater,tiredbuthealthy(health).
(4)Terrified(terrify),EliandItriedalthebear
defenseactionsweknew.
(5)Theboylayonthesofa,relaxed(relax).
[能力提升] 句式升级
(6)Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.Hewas
surprisedandhappy.
→Surprisedandhappy,TonystoodupandacceptG
edtheprize.(形容词短语作状语)
(7)WewatchedtheShenzhouG11 mannedspaceG
craftsuccessfulylaunched,andweweredelighted
andexcited.
→WewatchedtheShenzhouG11mannedspacecraft
successfulylaunched,delightedandexcited.(形容
词短语作状语)
2.Novisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheisland
isaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.
没有游客会对这个岛是联合国教科文组织的世
界遗产感到惊讶.
本句是it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是that从句.
it作形式宾语:
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句
子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,避免句式
结构的混乱,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾
语放在句尾.此时it仍只起先行引导作用,本
身无词义.
下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语:
①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合
宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think、
make、find、consider、feel、suppose等).
②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词,如appreciG
ate、enjoy、like、dislike、love、hate、prefer等,
往往不能直接接宾语从句.
③that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语.
④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中,宾语从
句若作该动词的宾语时,须借用it.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)Theyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwith
usChinese.
(2)Hemakesitarulenevertoborrow(borrow)
money.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)IthinkitnecessarytoworkoutforanhourevG
eryday.
我认为每天锻炼半小时是必需的.
052
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
学生用书 P220
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Hisstudyisinchaos(大混乱),forhishousekeepG
ergaveuptryingtoputhispapersinorder.
2.Thiskindoftortoise,onceconsideredtohavedied
out,isbackwithcarefulconservation(保护).
3.Itispossibletomultiply(繁殖)thesebacteriain
thelaboratory.
4.Peopleplantedtreesonthewastehilstodecrease
(减少)soilerosion.
5.TheyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehisdeparG
ture(离开)fromtheisland.
6.Therewasadistantlookinhereyesfromtimeto
time,herthoughtselsewhere(在别处).
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.Withsomanyyearsgoingby,ourhometownhas
changeddramaticaly(dramatic).
2.Daysbeforemydeparture(depart)forShanghai,
mycousinmadeapredictionthatIwouldfalin
lovewithChina.
3.Mysuggestionisthatyoushoulddomorepractice
inthemorningtopromoteyourspokenEnglish.
4.Yourclothesaresodirty! Theyneedwashing/to
bewashed(wash)now.
5.Asthechartshows,thesalesthisyeardecreased
by30%.
6.Expertsfeltitnecessarytocome(come)upwitha
plantoremovealtherabbitsfromtheisland.
7.Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown,sohasthe
amountoftrafficontheroads.
8.ManypeoplehaveaskedhowIlearnedtospeak
Englishfluently,andIowemostofittomybeing
anEnglishteacherincolegeforyears.
9.ImverygladtoputonaperformancehereonbeG
halfofourschool.
10.Varieties(variety)ofsolutionshavebeenprovidG
edforustosolvetheproblem.
Ⅲ.选词填空
onbehalfof,outofcontrol,turnout,avarietyof,
makeit,inreturn
1.Somepeoplethinkifcloninggotoutofcontrol,
manyproblemswouldarise.
2.WhatcanIdoforyouinreturnforyourtimely
help?
3.Hewaspleasedtospeakonbehalfofhisclassmatesat
theopeningceremonyofthesportsmeeting.
4.Thoughhehadtriedtoclimbtothetopofthe
mountainseveraltimes,hedidntmakeit.
5.Look! Theaudiencearedressedinavarietyof
clothes,someinsuits,andsomeinjeans.
6.IhadntintendedtogetmuchfromthebusinessI
ranthefirstyear,whileitturnedoutsowel.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.去长城的游客人数增加了.
ThenumberofvisitorstotheGreatWalhasinG
creased.
2.我应该为我今天早上说的话向你道歉.
IoweyouanapologyforwhatIsaidthismornG
ing.
3.他把他的成就归因于努力工作.
Heoweshisachievementstohardwork.
4.他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快.
TheyfinditpleasanttoworkwithusChinese.
5.又困又乏,他关上电脑去睡觉了.
Sleepyandtired,heswitchedoffthecomputer
andwenttobed.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇).
MacquarieIslandisaverybeautifulislandhalfG
waybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Itisoneof
theUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.However,ithas
atragicstorywhichstartedin18101.whenpeople
arrivedontheislandandbroughtsomeratsand
2.mice(mouse)thereunknowingly.ThesesmalaniG
malssoontookovertheisland,3.eating(eat)birds
eggsandattackingbabybirds.Sopeoplebrought
cats4.tocontrol(control)theratsandmice.Butthe
catsalsodevelopedanappetite5.forbirds,too.
Meanwhile,peoplealsobroughtrabbitstotheisland
asasourceoffood,andtherabbitsalsoprovided
152
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
plentifulfoodforthecats.Asaconsequence,more
birds6.werekiled(kil)bythegrowingnumberof
cats.Asaresult,peoplecameupwithaplantoreG
movealtherabbitsfromtheislandbyreleasinga
virusontotheisland.Withthedecreasingnumberof
rabbits,thecatsturnedtheirattentionbacktothe
nativebirds.Soin7.the1980s,trapsanddogswere
usedtocatchthecats.However,withthedeparture
ofthecats,thenumberofmiceandratsgrew8.and
morebirdswerekiled.Althesemade9.itclearthat
theproblemoftherat,mouseandrabbitshouldbe
tackledonceandforal.
Soaprogrammetodealwiththeveryproblem
hasbegun.ThefirststepistodroppoisonfromheliG
copters.Andthenextstepistoremovethelast
10.remaining(remain)invadingspecies withdogs
withoutharmingthenativeanimals.
Ⅱ.话题微写作(演讲稿)
安徽黄山(HuangshanMountain)是世界文化与
自然双重遗产,被誉为“天下第一奇山”.请根据下列
信息,写一篇演讲稿,简单介绍一下黄山.
内容要点:
1.位于安徽省南部,是中国著名的旅游胜地;
2.黄山风景迷人.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.尽量使用本单元知识点;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
4.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数.
Goodmorning,everyone.Itisagreathonour
formetogivealectureaboutHuangshanMountain
here.
Thankyouforyourattention.Doyouhaveany
questions?
[参考范文]
Goodmorning,everyone.Itisagreathonour
formetogivealectureaboutHuangshanMountain
here.
Asweknow,HuangshanMountain,locatedin
thesouthofAnhuiProvince,isoneofthemostfaG
moustouristattractionsinChina.Foronething,thelandG
scapeofHuangshanMountainisdramatic.Whileyouare
climbingthe mountain,youcanenjoyitsunique
scenes,thepinetrees,theseaofcloudsandsoon.
Foranother,HuangshanMountainprovidesagreat
naturalhabitatfora widevarietyofanimalsand
plants.IthasrichnaturalresourceswhichhavesciG
entificandecologicalvalues.
WhileyouareinAnhui,HuangshanMountain
isamustforyou.YouarewelcometovisithisatG
tractivetouristdestination.
Thankyouforyourattention.Doyouhaveany
questions?
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(29)———动作描写“嘴(mouth)”
●[多样表达]
1.openGmouthed目瞪口呆的
2.onesmouthwiden咧开嘴
3.cup/coveronesmouth捂住某人的嘴
4.openonesmouthwide张大嘴巴
5.onesheartinonesmouth提心吊胆
6.asmilearoundonesmouth嘴角闪过一丝笑意
7.onesmouthstartswatering开始流口水
●[佳句观摩]
1.闻到三明治的香味,饥饿的小女孩开始流口水了.
Thehungrygirlsmouthstartedwateringwhenshe
smeledthesandwich.
2.她刚要拿起三明治咬一口,突然一只手捂住了她
的嘴.
Shewasabouttopickupthesandwichandtakea
bitewhensuddenlyahandcuppedhermouth.
3.她的哥哥一把抢走了她的三明治放入自己口中.
Itwasherbrotherwhograbbedhersandwichand
putitintohisownmouth.
●[好句仿写]
1.她抬起头,目瞪口呆地看着他.(形容词作状语)
Shelookedupathim,openGmouthed.
2.三明治没了,当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时,她咬住她
的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖.
Withthesandwichgone,shebitherlowerlipto
keepitfrom tremblingastearsran down her
cheeks.
3.他捂住嘴偷笑.
Hecoveredhismouthtohidehislaugh.
252
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
学生用书 P222
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.(全国Ⅲ卷)TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,
numberinthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,
MalaysiaandthePhilippines. v.总计,共计
2.WithHPnowofferinganextendedwarrantyperiG
od,andDellookinglikelytodothesame,this
wilonlymultiplythecost.v.成倍增加,迅速增加
3.Atthemomentshehadnoappetiteforgossip.
n.欲望
二、一词多义———根据语境选出trap的含义
A.陷阱 B.圈套 C.困境,牢笼 D.使困住
1.Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief. B
2.Iwonderedifitwasananimalcaughtinatrap.
A
3.Somewomenseemarriageasatrap. C
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:新型的太阳能农场
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(20231月浙江卷)AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustry
Association,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstaled(安装)hasgrown
rapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeet
climategoals.Butalofthatgrowthwiltakeupalotofspace,
andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenerG
gy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstalednearthem.
Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaply
aspossible,sotheyhaventgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyput
underthem.Often,theylendupfilingtheareawithsmalstones
andusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.TheresultisthatmanycomG
munities,especialyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyG
ersofthesoil.
“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMackG
nick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReG
ductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobe
protectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”
InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“lowimpact”solar
development,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolar
farmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.OneoftheeasiestlowimG
pactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpolinators(传粉昆虫).
Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecaused
dramaticdeclinesinpolinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleof
decades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over
28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopolinatorhabitatprotection
andpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpolinator
friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,citG
ies—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.
Overthepastfew years,manysolarfarm developershave
transformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvaG
riouskindsofpolinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbon
reduction.“ThesepolinatorfriendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluaG
bleimpactoneverythingthatsgoingoninthelandscape,”says
Macknick.
1.WhatdosolardevelopersoftenigG
nore?
A.Thedeclineinthedemandfor
solarenergy.
B.Thenegativeimpactofinstaling
solarpanels.
C.Therisinglaborcostofbuilding
solarfarms.
D.ThemostrecentadvancesinsoG
lartechnology.
2.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?
A.Improvetheproductivityoflocal
farms.
B.Inventnew methodsforcontrolG
lingweeds.
C.MakesolarprojectsenvironmenG
talyfriendly.
D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergy
inruralareas.
3.Whatisthepurposeofthelaws
mentionedinParagraph4?
A.Toconservepolinators.
B.Torestrictsolardevelopment.
C.Todiversifytheeconomy.
D.Toensurethesupplyofenergy.
4.Whichofthefolowingisthebest
titleforthetext?
A.Polinators:ToLeaveortoStay
B.SolarEnergy:HopefortheFuG
ture
C.InSPIRE:A Leaderin AgriculG
ture
D.SolarFarms:A New DevelopG
ment
352
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.介绍的是用一种
更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场,这种新
型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫,从而促进农业
的发展.
1.B [推理判断题.根据第二段中的“Often,theyl
endupfilingtheareawithsmalstonesandusing
chemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthat
manycommunities,especialyinfarmingregions,
seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.(通常,他
们最终会用小石头填满该地区,并使用化学物质来
控制杂草.结果是,许多社区,特别是在农业地区,
将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者.)”可知,太阳能
开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产
生的问题,导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破
坏者,由此可以推断,开发者在安装太阳能板后忽
略了其带来的负面影响.]
2.C [细节理解题.根据第三段中的“InSPIREis
investigatingpracticalapproachesto‘lowimpact’
solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishing
andoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskinder
totheland.(InSPIRE正在研究‘低影响’太阳能开
发的实用方法,其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建
立和运营太阳能农场.)”可知,InSPIRE 采用友好
的方式建立和运营太阳能农场,也就是使得太阳能
农场更加环保.]
3.A [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 四 段 中 的 “Over28
stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopolinatorhabiG
tatprotectionandpesticideuse.(超过28个州通过
了与传 粉 媒 介 栖 息 地 保 护 和 农 药 使 用 有 关 的 法
律.)”可知,这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和
农药 使 用 相 关,所 以 这 些 法 律 的 目 的 是 保 护 授
粉者.]
4.D [主旨大意题.根据最后一段中的“Overthe
pastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershave
transformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsinto
ashelterforvariouskindsofpolinators,resulting
insoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.(在过去
的几年里,许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板
下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所,从而改善
了土壤并减少了碳排放.)”可知,现在的太阳能农
场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展,更重要
的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保,这将是未来发
展农业的新趋势,再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过
程的介绍可以判断,本文主题是介绍太阳能农场.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.thenumberofsolarpanels 太阳能板数
2.inthepastdecade 在过去的10年里
3.takeupalotofspace 占用了大量的空间
4.asquicklyandcheaplyaspossible
尽快和尽便宜地
5.contributetotheagriculturaleconomy
有助于农业经济
6.operatesolarfarms 经营太阳能农场
7.causedramaticdeclines 导致戏剧性下降
8.resultinsoilimprovement 导致土壤改善
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.conceptn. 概念
2.chemicaln. 化学物质
3.communityn. 社区
4.innovativeadj. 创新的,革新的
5.investigatev. 调查
6.transformv. 改变
7.pesticiden. 杀虫剂
8.landscapen. 风景,景象
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上)
1.region
A.地区 B.地带 C.行政区 D.范围
①Itsverycoldinthepolarregions. B
②MostofthecountriesintheregionhaveunstaG
bleeconomies. A
2.state
A.状况 B.(物质的)形态 C.状态 D.州;邦
①Thehousehasfalenintoastateofneglect.
C
②SomelargecountriessuchastheU.S.arediG
videdintosmalerareascaledstates. D
◆长句缩写
Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelG
opershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolar
panelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpolinaG
tors,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreG
duction.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
(Overthepastfewyears),(many)solarfarmdeG
velopershavetransformedthespace[(undertheir
solarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpolG
linators),(resultinginsoilimprovementandcarG
bonreduction)].
[长句缩写] Solarfarm developershavetransG
formedthespace.(不超过10个单词)
452
高考总复习 英语(外研版)