内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句赏析
1.thetoppriority 当务之急,重中之重
2.thedailyroutine 日常工作
3.combatcrime 防止犯罪
4.makeafulrecovery 完全康复
5.compensatefor 补偿/弥补(损失)
6.stepintoonesshoes
接替某人(的工作/职位)
7.againstracialdiscrimination
反对种族歧视
8.cultureshock 文化冲击
1.Culturalexchangeisawayofbuildingbridgesbetween
countriesandthemaindriveforhumankindsprogress.
文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带,也是人类进步的主
要动力.
2.Theexchangestudentsactasculturalmessengers,from
whompeoplecanlearnaboutothercountries.
交换生是文化使者,通过他们人们可以了解其他国家.
3.Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacaG
tionlikeneverbefore.Hedecidedtotakemeonatripto
theWildWest.
那是夏天,我爸爸想请我去度假,这是前所未有的.他决定
带我去西部荒野旅行.
学生用书 P208
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.boundaryn. 分界线;边界
2.statisticn. 统计数据
3.tacklev. 处理;对付
4.vitaladj. 极其重要的
5.comraden. 同志;朋友
6.tragicadj. 悲惨的,不幸的
7.combatv. 防止,抑制
8.clinicn. 诊所
9.miraclen. 奇迹
10.twinadj. 双胞胎之一的
11.wardn. 病房
12.compensatev. 弥补
13.mankindn. 人类
14.castv. 选派
15.jointadj. 联合的;共同的
16.rewardingadj. 值得做的
17.mountv. 走上;登上
18.slaven. 奴隶
19.unionn. 联邦
20.divisionn. 分歧;分裂
21.conceivev. 构想;设想
22.libertyn. 自由
23.dedicatev. 致力于;献身于
24.endurev. 持续存在
25.battlefieldn. 战场
26.portionn. 一部分
27.altogetheradv. 完全
28.detractv. 贬低;破坏
732
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.assistancen.帮助;援助→assistv.援助
2.reliefn.安慰;宽慰→relievevt.减轻;救济;解除
3.specialistn.专家→specialadj.特别的
4.infectiousadj.有传染力的→infectionn.感染
5.realityn.真实;现实;逼真→realisevt.领悟;了解;实现;实行→realadj.真的→realisticadj.现实的;
现实主义的
6.minorityn.少数民族;极少数adj.少数人的;少数民族的→minoradj.小的;不很重要的→majorityn.
多数(反义词)
7.harmonyn.融洽;一致→harmoniousadj.融洽的
8.civiladj.国家的;国内的→civiliann.平民
9.nobleadj.高尚的;崇高的→noblyadv.高尚地;高贵地
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.combatv. 防止,抑制
2.outbreakn. 爆发,突然发生
3.vomitn. 呕吐物
4.vann. 小型货车
5.colaboratev. 合作,协作
6.inclusiveadj. 包容的;广阔的
7.mutualadj. 共有的;共同的
8.halowv. 使成为神圣
9.perishv. 死亡
[Part2 闪记核心短语]
1.bringforth 使产生,使出现
2.invain 徒然地;无益地
3.beinvolvedin 参与;卷入
4.atrisk 有危险,冒风险
5.endin 以告终,结果
6.becaughtupin 卷入/被困在中,对入迷
7.nottomention 更不用说,且不说
8.calon 呼吁,号召
9.makeanefforttodosth. 努力做某事
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.Itis+时间段+since... Itsexactlyonemonth(已经整整一个月了)sincethelastreportedcase.
2.be+adj.+todo
Whenwevisitedthewardthenextmorning,wewereamazedtosee(惊讶
地看到)thatagainstalodds,bothboyswerestilalive.
3.asif引导的从句
Nowadays,peoplealovertheworldarebecomingmoreandmoreconnectG
ed,asiftheworldweregettingsmaler(这个世界变得更小)—asifwe
werelivingin(我们生活在)a“globalvilage”.
[Part4 积累联想拓展]
后缀Gance构成的名词大排档 in相关短语大荟萃
①ignore→ignorance 忽视
②guide→guidance 指导
③appear→appearance 出现
④assist→assistance 帮助
⑤annoy→annoyance 烦恼
⑥perform→performance 表演
①inadvance 提前
②incharge 负责;主管
③indebt 负债
④inorder 井然有序
⑤inreturn 作为回报
⑥invain 徒然地;无益地
832
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
学生用书 P210
[核心词汇———逐点清]
1.assistv.协助,帮助
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Itassistspeoplebasedonneed,regardlessof
whichcountrytheyarefrom.
该组织根据需要向人们提供援助,不管他们来自哪
个国家.
①
assistsb.todosth.
assistsb.in(doing)sth.
assistsb.withsth.
ü
þ
ý
ï
ï
ïï
帮助某人做某事
②assistancen. 帮助,援助
withtheassistanceof 在的帮助下
cometoonesassistance来帮助某人
③assistantn. 助手,助理
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024全国甲卷)Iwasveryimpressedbythe
doctorsandtheirassistants(assist)workingand
livinginsuchlittlespacebutstilstayingfocused
andveryconcerned.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)(2021全国乙卷)Ilovedoinghousework.I
alwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishesafter
meals.
我喜欢做家务,饭后我总是帮爸妈洗碗.
2.vitaladj.至关重要的;生死攸关的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Butitisvitalnottotakeanychances.
不过,永远都不能心存侥幸.
bevitalto/for 对至关重要的
beofvitalimportance 至关重要
Itisvitaltodosth. 做某事很重要
Itisvitalthat...(should)do...是十分重要的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)IfyouwanttobepubG
lished,itsvitaltosubmit(submit)aperfect,proG
fessionalypresentedmanuscript(原稿).
(3)UnderstandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandG
ing(understand)ourselvesasapeopleandasanaG
tion.
(4)ItisvitalthatnewcompulsoryageGappropriate
relationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEngland
(should)help(help)equipchildrentodealwith
thegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.
[能力提升] 一句多译
重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训.
(5)Whatisvitalisthatweshouldlearnsomething
fromfailure.(主语从句)
(6)Itisvitalthatweshouldlearnsomethingfrom
failure.(it作形式主语)
3.infectiousadj.有传染性的;易传染的;有感染力的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)MymissionwastorelieveEmma,aCanadian
specialistininfectiousdiseasesattheendofher
posting.
我的任务是接替艾玛,她是一位加拿大传染病专
家,任期届满.
①infectvt. 感染,传染
②infectedadj. 被传染的
③infectionn. 传染;感染;影响
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Laughterisoneofthemostinfectious(infect)
expressionsofemotion.
(3)Theyvepickeduparealyseriousinfection(inG
fect)fromsomethingtheyveeaten.
(4)Hehadbecomeinfected(infect)with AIDS
fromanimproperlysterilizedneedle.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Ifnotdealtwithproperly,thisinfectiousdisG
easemayseriouslyaffectournormallife.
如果处理不当,这种传染病可能会严重影响我们的
正常生活.
4.harmoniousadj.和睦的,和谐的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Rather,itsaboutcountriesandpeoplemaking
ajointefforttocometogethertocreateamore
harmoniousandunderstandingworld,sothatwe
canalenjoythemutualbenefits.
相反,它是关于国家和人民共同努力,共同创造一
个更加包容和谐的世界,这样我们都可以享受
互利.
932
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
①harmonyn. 和谐;协调
in/outofharmonywith 与协调一致/不
协调
②harmonizev. 协调;使和谐
③harmoniouslyadv. 和睦地
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Theskyandtheseamakeaharmonious(harG
mony)picture.
(3)Seeingpeopleofdiferentnationalitieslivetogether
harmoniously(harmonious)isarealpleasure.
(4)Almostunconsciouslyshedressedinharmony
withthisnoteofsimplicity.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)RelationswithourneighborsareveryharmoG
niousatthemoment.
我们目前同邻居们的关系十分和谐.
5.workon以为工作,从事
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Alfonso,asoftGspokenArgentiniandoctorin
his50s,whohadpreviouslyworkedonEbolaoutG
breaksinSierraLeoneandGuinea.
阿方索是一位五十多岁的阿根廷医生,说起话来温
声细语,曾参与抗击前几次塞拉利昂和几内亚爆发
的埃博拉病毒.
workout 计算出
workas 作为而工作
workat 从事于
outofwork 失业
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Howeverdifficultitis,Il workitout.
(3)Aftergraduation,heworkedasadoctor.
(4)Afterhegotatrafficaccident,hewasoutof
work.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Thisscientistisknowntohavebeenworking
onthisproblemforabouttenyears.
人们知道,这位科学家研究这一问题已达十年
之久.
6.regardlessof不管,不顾
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Itassistspeoplebasedonneed,regardlessof
whichcountrytheyarefrom.
该组织根据需要向人们提供援助,不管他们来自哪
个国家.
①inspiteof
尽管但是(后接名词,不接从句)
②withregardto 关于;至于
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(北京卷)Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,
readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchalenges
regardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanyG
thingsimilar.
(3)InspiteofthehighmountainsandthickforG
ests,thedoctorsandnursesrushedtothesceneof
theaccidentfortherescue.
(4)WithregardtomyfavoriteChinesepoet,Id
liketointroduceDuFutoyou.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)Nomatterhowoldyouare,youcansignupfor
thematch.
→Youcansignupforthematchregardlessofage.
7.influentialadj.有很大影响力的,有支配力的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)EdgarSnow wasanAmericanjournalistwho
wroteinfluentialbooksandarticlesaboutChinain
the1930s.
埃德加斯诺是一位美国新闻记者,他撰写的有关
20世纪30年代的中国的书和文章很有影响力.
influencen. 影响
have(a/an)...influenceon/upon...对有影响
undertheinfluenceof... 在的影响下
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Whilealtypesofbagshavesomeinfluence
on/upontheenvironment,ithaslongbeensupG
posedthatpaperbagsarekinder.
(3)Itssaidthattheearliestsculpturesweremade
undertheinfluenceofGreekart.
(4)ShewantedtoworkforabiggerandmoreinG
fluential(influence)newspaper.
042
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Chaplinwasnotjustagenius;hewasamong
themostinfluentialfiguresinfilmhistory.
卓别林不仅仅是天才,也是电影史上最有影响力的
人物之一.
(6)Undertheinfluenceofhisdeskmate,hehas
madegreatprogresssincelastweek.
在他同桌的影响下,自上周以来他已经取得了很大
的进步.
[间考词汇———要知晓]
1.mountv.&n.登上,爬上;逐步增加;山,峰
写出下面句子中mount的词性和含义 /完成句子
(1)Acarsuddenlymountedthepavementtoavoid
avehiclecomingfromtheoppositedirection.
vt.开上,走上
(2)Tensionhereismounting,aswearewaiting
forthefinalresultofthejobinterview. vi.增加
(3)Mount Qomolangmaisthe worldshighest
peak. n.峰
(4)Whenmenareofoneheart,theycanevenreG
moveMountTai.
人心齐,泰山移.
2.divisionn.分歧,分裂;(机构的)部门
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)Thoughtherearesome divisions(divide)
amongusaboutwhethertocarryouttheproject,
itdoesntmeanthatourteamworkisfruitless.
(2)(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Thekeyfindingofthestudy
wasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmaler
groupsthatwerealowedtohaveadiscussion.
(3)DivisionsofopinionamongthemselvesconG
tributedtotheirdefeat.
他们之间的意见分歧导致了他们的失败.
3.beinvolvedin被卷入;热衷于
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)(2022全国甲卷)Themorepeopleareinvolved(inG
volve),thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.
(2)Weal needtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy
whetheritsatwork,athome,oratschool.
(3)Morethanoneprovincewasinvolvedinpairing
assistancetosupportHubeiProvince.
不止一个省参与了对口支援湖北的活动.
4.calon呼吁,号召
选词填空
calup,calon,caloff,calfor
(1)(全国Ⅱ卷)TheinstructorscaledforanambuG
lance.
(2)Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhowould
becaledontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.
(3)Thepicnicwascaledoffbecauseoftherain.
(4)ThesepicturescalupmemoriesofthosebeauG
tifuldays whenIstayedin Hainanduringthe
summerholiday.
Itsexactlyonemonthsincethelastreportedcase.
距上次报告病例已经过去整整一个月了.
本句是“Itis+时间段+since...”句式.
①此结构为“It+be+时间段+since...”句型,意
为“自从已有多长时间了”.
②主句中若be为is/hasbeen,since从句用一般过
去时.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)(全国Ⅲ卷)Ihavehad(have)manydreams
sinceIwasachild.
(2)(20241月浙江卷)Asithasbeenmanyyears
sinceIlastused(use)one,IshouldhardlybesurG
prisedthatthenarenolongeranypublicteleG
phonesnearmyhouse.
(3)Itsbeenyearssincethey weredustylittle
roomswithbooks.
since引导的从句中的动词常用非延续性动词,表
示“自从多久了”;若since引导的从句中的动
词为延续性动词,则表示“自从该动作结束以来已
有多久了”.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(4)Ihavebeenstudyinginthisschoolforhalfa
year.
→Itis/hasbeenhalfayearsinceIbegantostudy
inthisschool.(since)
学生用书 P212
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Howtocarryoutteachinginsmalsizedclassesis
adifficultproblemtotackle(处理)insuchvilage
schools.
2.Idliketothankal whoclearlyshowtheirdevoG
tion(奉献)tothework.
3.Underhisinfluence,Idecidedtodevotemyselfto
arewarding(值得做的)career,ateacher.
142
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
4.Itisagreatjoyforchildrentohaveaharmonious
(和谐 的)family,wheretheparentstreattheir
childrenlikeafriend.
5.Heretiredfromthearmyandhassincebeenliving
acivilian(平民的)lifeinhishometown.
6.Inthe1860s,theblackinAmericawerefighting
fortheirliberty(自由)andequality.
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.IfMr.Deweyhadbeenpresent,hewouldhave
offeredanypossibleassistance(assist)tothepeoG
plethere.
2.Asweknow,nothingcancompensatefortheloss
ofoneshealth.
3.Folowing(folow)theteacherssuggestion,Tom
finalyfoundawaytosettletheproblem.
4.Enoughsleepisvitalfor/tothestudentswelGbeG
ingandhealth.
5.Onlyifyoudevoteyourself(you)toyourstudies
canyoupassthetest.
6.Wecandoeverythingwecouldtohelp(help)the
peopleinneed.
7.Thosewhosufferfromheadachewilfindtheyget
relief(relieve)fromthismedicine.
8.Theirharmonious(harmony)relationshipresulted
inpartfromtheirsimilargoals.
9.Shenobly(noble)did myworkaswel ashers
whileIwasil.
10.Thedivision(divide)betweentheprosperous(繁
荣的)westandtheimpoverishedeastremains.
Ⅲ.选词填空
bringforth,invain,nottomention,makeanefG
fortto,endin,calon
1.Withhiseffortsandcarefulplanning,hisproject
endedinatotalsuccess.
2.Polutionhasanegativeeffectonthehealthof
everyonelivinginthecity,notto mentionthe
damagetotheenvironment.
3.Thelocalgovernmentcaledonpeopletoprotect
theenvironment,andliveinharmony withnaG
ture.
4.Whatsthepointofhelpinghimifhedoesntmake
anefforttohelphimself?
5.Donotletyourmountaininlabourbringfortha
mouse.
6.Heshoutedafterthem,tryingtoattracttheiratG
tention,butinvain.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.与会人员都赞同采取有效措施预防感染极为重要.
Everyoneatthemeetingagreedthatitisvitalto
takeeffectivemeasurestopreventinfection.
2.自从我建了自己的菜园种菜吃已经很多年了.
Itis/hasbeen manyyearssinceIbuiltmyown
gardentoeathomegrownvegetables.
3.得知那个小女孩这么小的年纪就已经读了很多书
我很吃惊.
Iwassurprisedtofindthatthelittlegirlhadread
dozensofbooksatsuchayoungage.
4.护士们对待那个在地震中失去双亲的孩子就像对
待她们自己的孩子一样.
Thenursestreatthechildwhohaslosthisparents
intheearthquakeasifheweretheirownchild.
5.很显然那个孩子受过严重的虐待.
Itwasobviousthatthechildhadbeenbadlytreated.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇).
Whenseeingthetragicscenesonthenews,I
felt1.itwasmydutyasadoctortogothereandofG
fermyhelp.Asweknow,therearenobordersfor
doctors,patientsoranyoneelse2.involved(involve)
incombatingthisterribledisease.
Iarrivedin Liberia with MSF almostthree
monthsago3.torelieve(relieve)Emma,aCanadian
specialistin4.infectious(infect)diseasesattheend
ofherposting.HereImetothermedicalstaffmemG
bersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Amongthem,
IfeltagrowingsenseofprideaspartofthisextraorG
dinaryteam,whose5.devotion(devote)shonefrom
theireyes.Wehaveworkedtogether,surroundedby
blood,vomitanddeath,6.butwewontgiveupon
apatientandsometimesoureffortsdoend7.inmirG
acles.
Tobecaughtupinsuchacrisis8.creates(creG
ate)powerfulbondsnotonlybetweencarersandpaG
tients,butalsobetweenalthose9.whohavejoined
togetherinacommoncause.Inaworldstil10.faG
cing(face)somanyproblems,itsabsolutelyessenG
tialforusaltocolaboratetocreateaglobalcommuG
nitywithasharedfutureofpeaceandprosperity.
242
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
Ⅱ.话题微写作(邮件)
假定你是李华,上周五参加了外教 Kevin做的关
于各国音乐的讲座.请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.你的收获;
2.你的感想.
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.尽量用本单元知识点;
3.请按如下格式在相应位置作答.
DearKevin,
Yourssincerely,
LiHua
[参考范文]
DearKevin,
Hopethisemailfindsyouwel.Im writingto
expressmygratitudeforyourfascinatinglectureon
musiclastFriday.ItwastrulyanenlighteningexpeG
rience!
MybiggesttakeawayishowmusicreflectsculG
turalidentities-thoughauniversallanguage,music
embodiesgreatdiversity,fromtheuniquerhythms
ofAfricandrummingtothemelodioustuneofChiG
neseGuzheng.YourpassionalsoinspiresmetoexG
ploremoreoftheworldsmusicandimpressesonme
thepowermusicholdsinconnectingpeopleacross
borders.
ThanksagainandImlookingforwardtoattenG
dingmoreofyourlecturesandlearningfromyour
expertise.
Yourssincerely,
LiHua
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(28)———动作描写“眼(eye)”(二)
●[多样表达]
1.keepaneyeon注视
2.looksb.straightintheeye直视某人的眼睛
3.narrowoneseyes眯起眼睛
4.turnoneseyesto转向
5.shutoneseyes闭上眼睛
6.squeezeoneseyesshut紧紧闭上双眼
7.fixoneseyeson目光紧盯
8.hungryeyeson饥饿的目光,盯着
●[佳句观摩]
1.安妮的父亲眯起眼睛,思忖着发生了什么事.
Annesfathernarrowedhiseyes,wonderingwhat
hadhappened.
2.听到门把手转动的声音,他向门那边看去.
Heturnedhiseyestothedoorwhenheheardthe
handleturning.
3.看到安妮进来,她父亲困惑地上下打量着她.(形
容词作状语)
EyeingAnnecomein,herfathereyedherupand
down,confused.
●[好句仿写]
1.她蓝色的眼睛里噙满泪水,却留意着她父亲的
神情.
Herblueeyeswerefuloftears,butshekeptan
eyeonherfathersexpression.
2.安妮直视父亲的眼睛,告诉了他真相.
Annelookedherfatherstraightintheeyeandtold
himthetruth.
3.得知真相后他紧紧闭上双眼,咬了咬嘴唇,泪水滑
下脸颊.
Whenhelearnedthetruth,heshuthiseyestightly
andbithislip.Tearsrandownhischeeks.
学生用书 P214
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Dontforgettobringyoursportstacklewithyou
tomorrow. n.用具
2.Atsevenoclock,thenightnursecameintoreG
lieveher. v.换岗
3.ThelesstimeIhavetospendbeingciviltohim
thebetter. adj.有礼貌的,客气的
二、一词多义———根据语境选出cast的含义
A.投射 B.使人怀疑,造谣中伤
C.投,掷 D.选派
1.ThislatestevidencecastsseriousdoubtonhisverG
sionofevents. B
2.Thesettingsuncastanorangeglow overthe
mountains. A
3.Thepricelesstreasureshadbeencastintothe
Nile. C
342
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:世界历史的局限性
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2023全国乙卷)Ifyouwanttotelthehistoryofthewhole
world,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you
cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhas
everhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,has
not.Writingisoneofhumanityslaterachievements,anduntilfairly
recentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconG
cernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.
Idealyahistory wouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,and
somechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycases
wesimplycant.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateand
nonGliteratehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,beG
tweenCaptainCooksvoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.From
theEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptainsrecordof
thatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawooden
shield(盾)droppedbyamaninfightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunG
shot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactualygoingonthatday,
theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyas
thewrittenreports.
Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,
therearevictoriesaccidentaly ordeliberatelytwisted,especialy
whenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.ThosewhoareonthelosG
ingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstoteltheirstories.TheCaribbeG
anTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBenin
andtheIncas,alofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnow
oftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfulythroughtheobjectsthey
made:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.When
weconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnonGliteratesocieties
suchasthese,alourfirstGhandaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onG
lyonehalfofadialogue.IfwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconG
versation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.
1.WhatisthefirstparagraphmainG
lyabout?
A.HowpasteventsshouldbepresG
ented.
B.Whathumanityisconcerned
about.
C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthan
words.
D.WhywrittenlanguageisreliaG
ble.
2.Whatdoestheauthorindicateby
mentioningCaptainCookinParG
agraph2?
A.Hisreportwassignificant.
B.HerepresentedthelocalpeoG
ple.
C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.
D.HisrecordwasoneGsided.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword
“conversation”in Paragraph 3
referto?
A.Problem. B.History.
C.Voice. D.Society.
4.Whichofthefolowingbooksisthe
textmostlikelyselectedfrom?
A.HowMapsTellStoriesofthe
World
B.AShortHistoryofAustralia
C.A Historyofthe Worldin
100Objects
D.HowArtWorksTellStories
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文.本文讨论了仅仅
依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史的局限性,并强调了将
物品纳入历史叙事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重
要性.
1.A [主旨大意题.根据文章第一段“Ifyouwant
totelthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistory
thatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you
cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonly
someoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemost
oftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.WritG
ingisoneofhumanityslaterachievements,anduntil
fairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)sociG
etiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwriting
butinthings.(‘如果你想讲述整个世界的历史,
一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史,你不能仅仅
通过文字来讲述,因为世界上只有一部分人的历史
曾经被文字记录过,而世界上大多数人,在大多数
时间里,都没有.写作是人类较晚的成就之一,直
到最近,甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字,而
且用实物来记录他们需要的事情.’)”可推知,第一
段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们.]
2.D [推理判断题.根据文章第二段首句“Idealya
historywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,
andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojust
that,butinmanycaseswesimplycant.(理想情
况下,历史应该将文字和实物结合在一起,这本(历
史)书的某些章节能够做到这一点,但在许多情况
下,我们根本做不到.)”可推断,作者认为历史应该
是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我
们做 不 到.再 根 据 所 举 例 子 的 下 文 “Fromthe
Englishside,wehavescientificreportsandthe
captainsrecordofthatterribleday.From the
442
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
Australianside,wehaveonlya woodenshield
(盾)droppedbyamaninfightafterhisfirstexG
perienceofgunshot.(在英国方面,我们有科学报
告和库克船长对那可怕的一天的记录.从澳大利
亚方面来看,我们只有一个木制盾牌,这是一名男
子在第一次经历枪击后在战斗中扔下的.)”可知,
作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的,
只从自己的角度描述了问题.]
3.B [词义猜测题.根据划线单词上文“TheCaribG
beanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfriG
canpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,alofwhomapG
pearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheir
pastachievements mostpowerfulythroughthe
objectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthings
givesthembackavoice.WhenweconsiderconG
tact(联系)betweenliterateandnonGliteratesociG
etiessuchasthese,alourfirstGhandaccountsare
necessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.
(加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非
洲人以及印加人,所有这些人都出现在这本书中,
他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述
他们过去最强大的成就:通过物品讲述的历史给了
他们一个声音.当我们考虑诸如此类的有文字社
会和无文字社会之间的接触时,我们所有的第一手
资料都必然是扭曲的,只有对话的一半.)”结合划
线句“IfwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconG
versation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,but
theobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半,我们
不仅要读文字,还要读物体.)”可知,我们对过去历
史的了解,只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的历
史,如果我们想要了解历史的另一半,我们不仅仅
要读文字也要读物体.所以conversation指的是
“历史”.]
4.C [推理判断题.根据文章第一段“Ifyouwant
totelthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistory
thatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you
cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonly
someoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemost
oftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.(如果
你想讲述整个世界的历史,一段不以人类某一部分
为特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述,因为
世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过,而
世界上大多数人,在大多数时间里,都没有.)”结合
最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthat
conversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,
buttheobjects.(如果我们要找到对话的另一半,
我们不仅要读文字,还要读物体.)”可知,本文讲述
仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史有局限性,想要
更好的了解历史就要将文字和物品结合在一起.
从而推断文章最有可能选自«100件实物中的世界
历史».]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.thehistoryofthewholeworld 世界历史
2.humanityslaterachievement 人类后来的成就
3.textsandobjects 文本和物体
4.literateandnonGliteratehistory
有文字和无文字的历史
5.inadditionto 除了还有
6.firstGhandaccounts 一手的叙述
7.inmanycases 在很多情况下
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.privilegev. 给予特权
2.fairlyadv. 相当地
3.conflictn. 冲突
4.reconstructv. 重现,使再现
5.interpretv. 解释
6.miscomprehensionn. 误解
7.twistv. 扭曲
8.gunshotn. 炮击
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义代表的字母填到横
线上)
object
A.物体 B.宾语 C.客观 D.反对
①Ifitisatransitiveverb,whatisitsobject?
B
②WhenalargeobjectimpactstheEarth,itmakes
acrater. A
③Iobjectedthathewastooyoungforthejob.
D
◆长句缩写
Ifyouwanttotelthehistoryofthewholeworld,
ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhuG
manity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,beG
causeonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,
whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,has
not.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
(Ifyou wanttotel thehistoryofthe whole
world),(ahistory)(thatdoesnotprivilegeone
partofhumanity),youcannotdoitthroughtexts
alone,[(becauseonlysomeoftheworldhasever
hadtexts),while(mostoftheworld,(formost
ofthetime),hasnot)].
[句子缩写] Youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone.
(不超过10个单词)
542
基础必备 选择性必修第二册