内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句赏析
1.respondtoaquestion 答复问题
2.surviveon 靠生存(活下来)
3.achieveonesends 达到目的
4.inprint 已出版,在销售中
5.goaboutthebusinessoflife
为生活琐事而奔波
6.bestrickenblind 突然失明
7.alongthelinesof 类似,按照
8.underonesname 以的名字
1.Winningisnotaboutbeingfirst,butitisaboutgiving
yourbestineverysituation.
赢并不表示拿第一,赢表示在任何情况下都全力以赴.
2.Lifeisfiled withchalenges.Itisthosechalenges
thatmakemewhoIam.
人生充满了挑战.正是那些挑战成就了今天的我.
3.Afterdealingwithmanychalenges,wewilcometo
realizethatitischalengesthatshapesus.
应对许多挑战之后,我们将会意识到是挑战塑造了
我们.
学生用书 P148
[Part1 巧记课标单词]
写
作
单
词
|
悉
其
识
1.debtn. 债务,欠款
2.pacen. 速度;进度
3.rarelyadv. 很少,难得
4.overnightadv. 突然,一下子
5.neverthelessadv. 然而
6.perseverev. 坚持不懈
7.criticismn. 批评;指责
8.classicn. 名著;经典作品
9.endurancen. (忍)耐力
10.guaranteev. 保证,确保
11.outcomen. 结果,后果
12.worthwhileadj. 重要的;值得做的
13.blanketn. 毯子
14.cucumbern. 黄瓜
15.enthusiasticadj. 热心的
16.contestn. 比赛,竞赛
17.upsetadj. 心烦意乱的
18.blessingn. 幸事,幸运
19.mereadj. 仅仅,只不过
20.companionshipn. 友谊
21.outlinen. 外形;轮廓
22.pageantn. 盛大的演出
23.dawnn. 黎明
24.revelationn. 展现,显示
25.workadayadj. 平凡的;平淡的
26.descendv. 降临
27.mightyadj. 强有力的
28.perfumen. 香味
29.literaryadj. 文学的
拓
展
单
词
|
通
其
用
1.informvt.告知;通知→informationn.消息
2.delightn.快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴;使欣喜→delightedadj.高兴的;快乐的→delightfuladj.令人
高兴的
3.electvt.选择;决定(做某事);选举(某人)→electionn.选举
4.appreciatevt.欣赏;感激→appreciationn.欣赏;感激→appreciativeadj.感激的
5.embarrassvt.使尴尬;使困窘→embarrassedadj.尴尬的→embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的→embarG
rassmentn.窘迫;难堪
761
阅
读
单
词
|
明
其
义
1.dreadv. 畏惧;惧怕
2.manuscriptn. 手稿;底稿
3.bestGselern. 畅销书
4.fingertipn. 指尖
5.amidprep. 在之中
6.relishn. 享受;乐趣
7.morseln. 一小片
[Part2 闪记核心短语]
1.worthyof 值得的
2.turndown 拒绝;把调小
3.have...incommon 有相同之处
4.struggletodosth. 努力做某事
5.nowandthen 有时,偶尔
6.inparticular 特别;尤其
7.goabout 忙于,着手做
8.knockover 撞倒
9.inasense 在某种意义上
10.runfor 竞选
[Part3 速记经典句式]
典型句式 教材原句
1.havesth.done EmilyBronte‥hadtopaytohavehis/herpoetrypublished(出版他的/她的诗).
2.虚拟语气
Ihaveoftenthoughtitwouldbeblessing(是一件幸事)ifeachhumanbeingwere
strickenblindanddeafforafewdaysatsometimeduringhisearlyadultlife.
3.only+状语(从句)
OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealize(我才意识到)how
muchIhadleftunseen.
[Part4 积累联想拓展]
多重“性格”集一身 “have”动词短语荟萃
①stubborn 固执的
②introverted 内向的
③outgoing 外向的
④gentle 温和的
⑤sensible 理智的
⑥emotional 感性的
①havefun 玩得开心
②haveaccessto 接近,得到
③have...incommon 有共同之处
④havenothingtodowith与无关
⑤havetroublewith 某事上有麻烦
⑥havealook 看一看
学生用书 P149
[核心词汇———逐点清]
1.informvt.告知;通知
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Weregrettoinformyou...
我们很遗憾地通知你
①informsb.ofsth. 告诉/通知某人某事
informsb.that/when/how... 通知某人
keepsb.informed(of...)使某人随时了解()
②informationn.[U] 通知;消息;情报;信息
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(20241月浙江卷)Asimilarprocessisat
workinourresponsetoinformation(inform).
861
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
(3)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusof
hisdelayincasewegotworried.
(4)Thebossaskedhissecretarytokeephim wel
informed(inform)oftheprogrammesprogress.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)HeinformedthecompanyoftheshipssafearG
rival.
→HeinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarG
rivedsafely.(改为复合句)
2.guaranteevt.担保,保证,允诺n.保证书;抵押
品;保修单
▶ [教材对接]
(1)So,itseemsthattalentaloneisntenoughto
guaranteesuccess.
所以,看来光靠天赋还不足以保证成功.
①guaranteetodosth. 保证做某事
guaranteesb.sth.
guaranteesth.tosb.}保证某人得到某物
②givesb.aguarantee 给某人保证/承诺
underguarantee 在保修期内
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Yourcelphoneisunderguarantee,sowewil
repairitfreeofcharge.
(3)Weguaranteetodeliver(deliver)yourgoods
withinaweek.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)(2024全国甲卷)Fromthenon,ifIwanted
toreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,Idpick
upaloveromance.
从那时起,如果我想读一个结局保证是幸福的,我
就会选一部爱情小说.
如果表达“保证某人做某事”,guaranG
tee不能用guaranteesb.todosth.,只能用guarG
anteetodosth.或者guarantee+that从句.常
见的有类似用法的动词还有:hope,demand.
3.worthyadj.值得的,值得赞赏的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Howwasitpossible,Iaskedmyself,towalk
foranhourthroughthewoodsandseenothing
worthyofnote?
我问自己,在树林里漫步一个小时,竟没有看到什
么值得注意的东西,这怎么可能?
①beworthy+
ofbeingdone
tobedone }值得被做
of+n.(=beworth+n.)值得
{
②worthadj. 值得的
be(wel)worthdoing (非常)值得做
beworth+n. 值得;值
③worthwhileadj. 值得花时间/金钱/精力的
Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth. 值得做某事
worth一般只作表语,可用程度副词
wel 修饰;而 worthy和 worthwhile既可作表语又
可作定语.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Doyouthinkthecarisworthytoberepaired
(repair)?
(3)Thoughthebookisabitdear,itisworthwhile
tobuy/buying(buy)it.
(4)Themusicisworthsaving(save).
[能力提升] 一句多译
既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣,我认为这个节日
值得你体验.
(5)SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChinese
culture,Ithinkthisfestivalisworthexperiencing.
(worth)
(6)NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChiG
neseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalisworthytobe
experienced/ofbeingexperienced.(worthy)
(7)BecauseofyourinterestintraditionalChinese
culture,Ithinkitisworthwhileexperiencing/to
experiencethisfestival.(worthwhile)
4.stickto坚持
▶ [经典佳句]
(1)Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessary
unlessitisstucktotheburn.
除非衣服粘在烧伤面上,否则衣服都要脱掉.如果
有必要的话,可用剪刀.
①bestuckin 陷入;卡住
②cantstickdoingsth.不能忍受做某事
③stickoutfor 坚持要求
④stickout 突出;伸出;显眼
[指点迷津]
stickon意思是“粘贴,保持在上面”,有时意思
是“产生作用,生效,起作用”.而stickto多表示
“坚持原则、计划、诺言、决定等”,还有“继续做某
事”的意思,to是介词,其宾语多是名词rule,plan,
idea,promise,decision等.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Hegotthekeystuck(stick)inthelock.
(3)Shefindsitdifficulttostick(stick)toadiet.
(4)Ifyousticktothetruth,youwilhavenothing
tofear.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Onceadecisionhasbeenmade,alofusshould
sticktoit.
一旦做出一个决定,我们都应该坚持它.
961
基础必备 选择性必修第一册
5.upsetadj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的vt.使不
安;使心烦;打翻
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Whyareyousoupset?
你为什么如此烦恼?
①be/feelupsetaboutsth.为某事心烦
beupsettodosth./that...
让人不安/心烦
②Itupsetssb.todosth./that...
让某人心烦的是
③(近义词)nervous,uncomfortable
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Inmyopinion,thereisnopointbeingupset
aboutit.
(3)Shewasupsettoknow(know)thatherappliG
cationforthepositionwasrefused.
(4)(2022全国乙卷)However,somehighsugar
brands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe
sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearof
upsetting(upset)consumers.
①upset充当形容词时常用作表语,
不能作定语;②upset作动词时,过去式和过去分
词形式都是upset;其现在分词形式为upsetting.
[能力提升] 句式升级
(5)Ididntknowenoughwordsandmygrammar
wasalsopoorsoitrealymademeupset.
→Ididntknowenoughwordsandmygrammar
wasalsopoor,whichrealyupsetsme.(upsetvt.
定语从句)
6.perseverev.锲而不舍,坚持不懈
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Nevertheless,shepersevered.
尽管如此,她依然坚持不懈.
①perseverancen. 毅力,不屈不挠,坚持不懈
②persevereinsth./indoingsth.坚持不懈做某事
③perseverewithsth. 坚持某事
④perseveringadj. 坚韧不拔的,不屈不挠的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowsgreat
perseverance(persevere).
(3)Sheperseveredwithherpianolessons.
(4)Despiteanumberofsetbacks,theypersevered
intheirattemptstoflyaroundtheworldinabalG
loon.
(5)Weal admiredtheirpersevering(persevere)
hardwork.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(6)Sheperseveredinherstudiesandgraduated
nearthetopofherclass.
她坚持不懈地学习,以接近全班第一名的成绩
毕业.
7.delightedadj.愉快的,高兴的
▶ [教材对接]
(1)Wearedelightedtoinformyou...
我们很高兴地通知您
①delightfuladj. 令人喜悦的,令人快乐的
②delightn. 高兴;乐事
v. 使高兴,使快乐
take/finddelightin 以为乐
toonesdelight 令人高兴的是
delightsb.withsth. 用某物使某人高兴
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2021全国甲卷)AndofficialsatPortLympG
neweredelighted(delight)withthenewarrival,
especialyasblackrhinos(犀牛)areknownforbeG
ingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈养).
(3)ThenaughtyboytakesagreatdelightinpulG
lingthedogstail.
(4)TohergreatdelightshepassedtheexaminaG
tionwithfirstGclasshonours.
(5)Itwasthemostdelightful(delight)gardenI
hadeverseen.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(6)WedecidetoholdaNew YearsPartyonthe
NewYearsEve.Therefore,wetakegreatdelight
ininvitingyoutotheparty.
我们决定在新年前夕举行新年聚会.因此,我们非
常高兴邀请你参加聚会.
[间考词汇———要知晓]
1.debtn.债务,欠款
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)ThecompanyisdeepindebtandcannotoperG
ateasusual.
(2)Aftermanyyearshard work,heisoutof
debt.
(3)IttookCharlietenyearstopayoffhisdebt.
查利花了十年时间才还清了债务.
2.rarelyadv.很少,难得
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)Ioftendealwithcustomersonthephoneand
rarely(rare)meetthemfacetoface.
071
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
(2)Ioftenremindmyselfhowrare(rarely)itisfor
metohavesuchanopportunity.
(3)Rarelyhaveweseensuchabeautifulsunset.
我们很少看到这样漂亮的晚霞.
3.electvt.选举;选择,决定
单句语法填空 /单句写作
(1)—Im goingtovoteforJacksoninthenext
election(elect).Howaboutyou?
—Me,too.Hesthebestmanfortheposition.
(2)(2021浙江卷)AfterLincoln waselected
(elect)PresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrented
thehouseandsoldmostoftheirfurniture.
(3)Althepeopleagreedtoelecthimchairman.
所有的人都同意选他当主席.
4.embarrassedadj.尴尬的,难堪的
用embarrass的适当形式填空
(1)(2022全国甲卷)Dontgetcaughtmakingan
embarrassingmistakeatarestaurant.
(2)WhenTonyofferedtohelpherdressing,Claire
feltembarrassed.
(3)Ifyoudontfeelateasewhilefacingsomebody,you
canturnyourbacktohimtoavoidembarrassment.
1.EmilyBronte‥hadtopaytohavehis/herpoetrypubG
lished.
EmilyBronte‥不得不花钱出版了他/她的诗.
本句中havehis/herpoetrypublished是havesth.
done结构,意思为“使某事完成”.
用
法
归
纳
①havesth.done让/叫别人做某事;遭遇某种
(不幸的)事情;使某事完成
②havesb.dosth.让某人做某事
③havesb.doingsth.意为“允许某人做某事”
时,常用于否定句中;意为“让某人一直做某
事”时,强调动作的持续性
④havesth.todo有事情要做(不定式作定语)
注
意
事
项
该句型解题的关键在于搞明白have的含义.
①have是使役动词就要考虑havesb.doing;
havesb.do;havesth.done
②have是及物动词表示“有”的含义时,就要
考虑havesth.todo
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)Youcanthaveyourairconditionerworking(work)
dayandnight,whichisawasteofelectricity.
(2)YoulhaveanaccidentwiththatoldcarsoonG
erorlaterifyoudonthaveitrepaired(repair).
(3)Timeisurgentandwestilhavealotofwork
todo(do),soeveryonemustpulhisfingerout.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)(全国 Ⅲ 卷)Imterriblysorryfornotbeing
abletogotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafG
ternoon.IhavejustfoundthatIhaveanimportant
meetingtoattend(有一个重要的会议要参加)that
afternoon.
(5)Iwonthaveyoumakingthesamemistake(允
许你犯同样的错误)againandagain.
2.“IwasntgoingtogiveupuntileverysinglepubG
lisherturnedmedown,butIoftenfearedthat
wouldhappen,”shelaterposted.
“我不会放弃的,直到所有的出版商都拒绝我.
不过我常常担心那会发生.”她后来说.
本句是not...until句型.
①notuntil/til 意为“直到才”,主句常用终
止性动词(非延续性动词),指until/til 所表
示的时间一到,该动作就发生.
②notuntil放在句首时要用倒装语序.
③强调结构中也常常出现notuntil结构,常见
句型为:Itis/wasnotuntil...that...
④notuntil置于句首构成倒装句以及until放在
句首时,均不能用til 替换until.
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)NotuntilIcamehomelastnightdid(do)Mum
gotobed.
(2)ItwasntuntilnearlyamonthlaterthatIreG
ceivedthemanagersreply.
(3)Ididnotreceiveyourletteruntilyesterday.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(4)Whenanearthquakehappens,ifyouareinG
door,takecoverunderadeskquicklyanddonot
moveuntilthefloorstopsshaking.
当地震发生时,如果你在室内,迅速以桌子为遮蔽
物,不要移动,直到地板停止震动.
171
基础必备 选择性必修第一册
学生用书 P152
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Hegavemeaguarantee(保证)thatitwouldnever
happenagain.
2.Ilikelisteningtoclassic(经典)musicwhileTom
likespopmusic.
3.—Whatwaslastnightsoutcome(结果),Mary?
—Francenarrowlybeat Germany2-1inthe
thrilingfinal.
4.Heisalwaysenthusiastic(热心的)aboutsocial
work.
5.Whenthereportwasfinished,myinstructormade
anappreciative(欣赏的,赏识的)comment.
6.Realityistemporarywhileidealispermanent(永恒的).
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.Iwishyoutokeepevery memberinformed(inG
form)ofhowthingsaregoingalong.
2.SheisawarmGheartedperson.Rarely(rare)does
sherefusetohelpothers.
3.Timepermitting(permit),wedbetterhavearest
thisweekend.
4.Icantgetonwel withhim,forwehavenothing
incommonwitheachother.
5.Whilewalking(walk)alongtheriverbank,she
wassingingapopsongwithherclassmates.
6.ShehasbeenbusypreparingherpaperwithherG
selflocked(lock)inherstudyalday.
7.Weguaranteetorefund(refund)yourmoneyif
youarenotdelightedwithyourpurchase.
8.Dontoffertocomment(comment)ifyoucannot
understandtherealmeaning.
9.Thepurposeofthepassageistoinformusofthe
reasonforprotectingtheheritage.
10.Heunderstoodthatitwasthefaultofhisskin
colourthataccountedfortheirrejection(reject).
Ⅲ.选词填空
worthyof,turndown,nowandthen,inparticuG
lar,inasense,knockover
1.Hisstatementreferstopeopleingeneral,notto
anyoneinparticular.
2.Whilecrossingtheroad,theoldmanwasknocked
overbyabikeandbadlyinjured.
3.Theyoungmanwasworthyofthetitleofmodel
worker.
4.Inasense,theplanisreasonableandpractical.
5.Hecantmakeendsmeeteverymonthandruns
intodebtnowandthen.
6.Howcouldyouturndowntheofferofajobinthe
company?
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.尽管受伤严重,露西还是挣扎着站起来,向医院
走去.
Inspiteoftheseriousinjury,Lucystruggledto
herfeetandwalkedtowardsthehospital.
2.财富并不总是幸福的保证.
Wealthisnotalwaysaguaranteeofhappiness.
3.下公共汽车时他的一条腿摔断了.
Hehashislegbrokenwhenhegotoffthebus.
4.你能描述一次你帮助他人的经历吗?
CanyoudescribeatimewhenyouhelpedsomeG
one?
5.孩子只有长大了才会明白父母的用意.
Onlywhenachildgrowsupcanheunderstandhis
parentsintentions.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇).
Whatdoeseverywritermostdread1.reading
(read)amongthecommentsfrompublishers? Yes,its
“Weregret2.toinform(inform)you...”,whichwil
makethewritersheartssink.Infact,alotofsucG
cessfulwritershave3.previously(previous)faced
rejection.
J.K.Rowling,afteratotaloftwelverejections,
eventualygotherfirstbookofHarryPotterpubG
lished,whichbecame4.aglobalsuccess.
271
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
AnotherfamouswriterJ.D.Salingerpersevered
5.inworkingonhisnovelTheCatcherintheRye
despitethecriticismalongwithrejectionsfromsevG
eralpublishersand whenit waseventualy pubG
lished,itbecameanimmediatebestGseler.
ThethreeBrontёsisterslivedintheVictorian
Age,atime6.whenwomenwerenotencouragedto
becomewriters.Althoughthey7.dreamed/dreamt
(dream)ofseeingtheirwordsinprint,theyexperiG
enced manyrejections.However,theypersevered
andnow,CharlottesJaneEyer,EmilysWutherG
ingHeightsandAnnesAgnesGrey8.areregarded
(regard)asclassicsofworldliterature.
Fromthestoriesabove,wecanlearnthatits
9.perseverance(persevere)thatmadethemrealize
theirdreams.Therefore,keeptrying and youl
eventualyreadthewords“Weare10.delighted(deG
light)toinformyou...”
Ⅱ.话题微写作(邮件)
假定你是李华,你校有一个劳动实践基地,你和
同学们非常喜欢去基地参加劳动实践.请你写一封
eGmail给你的英国笔友Bob,分享你的一次劳动经历
与感受.内容包括:
1.劳动经历;
2.劳动感受.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,使内容充实,行文连贯;
3.尽可能用本单元知识点.
[参考范文]
DearBob,
Howiseverythinggoing?Im writingtoshare
withyouagreatexperience.Recently,ourschool
hasbuiltalaborpracticebase,whichhasbecomea
favoriteplaceformeandal myclassmates.
Lastweek,weparticipatedinthelaborpractice
actively.Atthebase,withtheinstructionsofour
teacher,weplantedvariousvegetablesandflowers,
andlearnedhowtotakecareofthem.Lookingat
theplantsthatweplanted,weexperiencedagreat
senseofachievement.
Notonlydidthisexperiencealowustolearn
practicalskils,butalsoitmadeusappreciatethe
hardworkoffarmers.
Bestregards,
LiHua
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(20)———“悲伤”“沮丧”和“孤独”(二)
●[多样表达]
1.frustratedadj.沮丧的
2.upsetadj.心烦的v.使生气
3.sadadj.悲伤的
4.sadlyadv.悲伤地
5.sadnessn.悲伤
6.inanunpleasantmood心情不悦
7.inlowspirits情绪低落
8.sadnesscomesinwaves悲伤如潮涌
9.anoceanofsadness一直悲伤,极度悲伤
10.withgrief悲伤的
11.breakoutintears突然大哭
12.fightbackonestears强忍住泪水
●[佳句观摩]
1.听到她没获奖的消息,她的心都沉了下去.
Whensheheardthenewsthatshefailedtowina
prize,herheartsank.
2.她咬着下唇,心里很悲伤.
Shebitherbottom lip withsadnessfilingher
heart.
3.她情绪低落,拖着两条沉重的腿,疲惫不堪地回到
了家.
Inanunpleasantmood,shedraggedherheavylegs
backhome,tiredout.
●[好句仿写]
1.因为他的祖父去世,他一直沉浸在悲伤中.
Sincehisgrandfatherpassedaway,hehasbeen
floatinginanoceanofsadness.
2.她一头倒在床上,情不自禁地痛哭起来.
Shethrewherselfdownontothebed,andcouldnt
helpcryingbitterly.
3.一进入自己的卧室,她就觉得悲伤如潮涌.
Onenteringherbedroom,shefeltthatsadness
cameinwaves.
371
基础必备 选择性必修第一册
学生用书 P153
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Theyarerefusingtoinjectanymorecapital(资金)
intotheindustry. v.(给)投入(资金)
2.Anyway,Itriedtopacemyself,andafterawhile,
theotherrunnersstartedgettingslower,soIwas
abletoovertakethemandfinalywintherace!
v.控制节奏或速度
3.Wehadtoofferourhouseasaguaranteewhen
gettingtheloan. n.抵押品;保证金
二、一词多义———据语境选出pace的含义
A.n.速度;步伐 B.n.节奏
C.vt.&vi.确定速度;调整节奏 D.vi.走来走去
1.Tobehonest,Iprefertherelaxedpaceoflifein
thecountry. B
2.Shestoodupandbegantopaceupanddown.
D
3.WhenJohnfoundhewasgoingtobelate,he
steppeduphispace. A
4.Itsalongclimb,soyouhavetopaceyourself.
C
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:对社会有突出贡献的人物
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexG
plorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedprobG
lems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowing
throughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegot
older,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanup
themessespeopleweremaking.
Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincolege,John
wentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertain
plantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)? WhichkindsoffishcaneatcancerG
causingchemicals? Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,he
figured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecided
tobuildwhathewouldlatercalanecoGmachine.
ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstances
fromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberG
glasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocal
pondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.He
placedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferent
kindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.
Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.
Hewasamazedattheresults.TheplantsandanimalsintheecoG
machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit! Withinweeks,it
hadalbeendigested,andalthatwasleftwaspurewater.
Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopeda
greenhouseGlikefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesin
SouthBurlington.HealsodesignedanecoGmachinetocleancanalwaterin
Fuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.
“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“Life
onEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.
“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhatshappening.
ThenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfGrepair.”
1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohn
fromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A.Hewasfondoftraveling.
B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.
C.Hehadaninquiringmind.
D.Helongedtobeadoctor.
2.WhydidJohnputthesludge
intothetanks?
A.Tofeedtheanimals.
B.Tobuildanecosystem.
C.Toprotecttheplants.
D.TotesttheecoGmachine.
3.Whatistheauthorspurposein
mentioningFuzhou?
A.ToreviewJohnsresearch
plans.
B.Toshowanapplicationof
Johnsidea.
C.TocompareJohnsdifferent
jobs.
D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohns
invention.
4.WhatisthebasisforJohns
work?
A.Naturecanrepairitself.
B.OrganismsneedwatertosurG
vive.
C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.
D.Mosttinycreatureslivein
groups.
471
高考总复习 英语(外研版)
[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了John
Todd从小就很爱思考且好学,长大后他建造了一个
生态机 器,利 用 自 然 可 以 自 我 修 复 的 原 理 来 净 化
污水.
1.C [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenJohnTodd
wasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaround
hishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.
(当约翰托德还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢探索房
子周围的树林,观察大自然是如何解决问题的.)”
以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,
andfisheriesincolege,JohnwentbacktoobservG
ingnatureandaskingquestions.(在大学学习了
农业、医学和渔业之后,约翰又回到了观察自然和
提出问题的生活中.)”可知,约翰聪颖好学、好奇心
很强.]
2.D [细 节 理 解 题. 根 据 第 三 段 “Afterafew
weeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后,约翰
把污 泥 加 了 进 去.)”以 及 倒 数 第 三 段 “Hewas
amazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsin
theecoGmachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegan
toeatit! Withinweeks,ithadalbeendigested,
andalthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感
到惊讶.生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物,
开始吃起来! 几周之内,它就被消化了,只剩下纯
净的水.)”可知,约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试
生态机器.]
3.B [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 “Overthe
years,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.HedeG
velopedagreenhouseGlikefacilitythattreatedsewG
age(污 水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlingG
ton.HealsodesignedanecoGmachinetocleancaG
nalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(这
些年来,约翰承担了许多重大工作.他开发了一个
类似温室的设施,可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户
家庭的污水.他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中
国东南部城市福州的运河水.)”可推知,作者提到
福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用.]
4.A [推理判断题.根据最后一段“YouputorganG
ismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhatshappenG
ing.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheir
ownwaystoselfGrepair.(你把生物体放在新的关系
中,观察会发生什么.然后让这些新系统自行发展自
我修复的方式.)”可知,约翰工作的基础是自然可以自
我修复.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.explorethewoods 探索森林
2.solveproblems 解决问题
3.beusedtodo 被用来做
4.cleanupthemesses 清理脏物
5.combinationofanimalsandplants 动植物结合
6.removeharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge
从污泥中除去有害物质
7.littlebylittle 逐渐地
8.takeonmanybigjobs 承担了很多大型工作项目
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.observev. 观察
2.streamn. 小溪
3.creaturen. 生物
4.processn. 过程
5.trapv. 困住
6.removev. 除去
7.organismn. 有机体
8.ecosystemn. 生态系统
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上)
1.spare
A.额外的 B.高挑的 C.业余的 D.备用的
①Shewasthinandspare. B
②Ihaveseveralsparebatteriesinmyhouse.
D
2.digest
A.消化 B.理解 C.摘要 D.把分类
①Theorganizationpublishesadigestofstatistics.
C
② Alowyourfoodtodigestbeforeexercising.
A
◆长句缩写
Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclear
afterflowing through plants and along rocks
wheretinycreatureslived.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
A (dirty)stream,(forexample),(often)became
clear[afterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks
(wheretinycreatureslived)].
[句子缩写] Astreambecameclear.(不超过10
个单词)
571
基础必备 选择性必修第一册