内容正文:
课时冲关8 UNIT8 GREENLIVING学生用书 P257
Ⅰ.阅读 A 主题语境:人与自然 体裁:议论文 话题:电动、燃油汽车的环保性
WhichisbetterforEarth:anelectricorgasG
poweredvehicle? Theanswertothisquestion
mightseemblindinglyobvious:Ofcourseelectric
carsmustbebetterfortheenvironment,because
theydontgiveoffgreenhousegasesaspeople
drive.However,electricvehicles (EVs)arent
perfect,andtheycomewiththeirownsetofpolG
lutingproblems.Theirbatteriesrequirealarge
amountofenergytoproduce.
BatteryproductionisjustonepartofanelecG
triccarslifespan.Astudylookedattheentire
lifecycleofanEVsemissions(排放),fromminG
ingthemetalsforthebatteriestoproducingthe
electricityneededtopowerthem,andthencomG
paredthiswiththeaverageemissionsofagasG
poweredvehicle.TheteamfoundthatwhenEVs
arechargedwithcoalGpoweredelectricity,theyre
actualyworsefortheenvironmentthangasGpowG
eredcars.
“Onlywhenconnectedtothedirtiest,coalG
heavyelectricgrids(电网)dogasGpoweredcars
becomecomparabletoEVsonagreenhousegas
basis,”saidColinSheppard,anexpertinenergy
andtransportationsystems.Thatswhymoreand
morecountriesaredecreasingthepowersupply
fromcoal.InChina,thenationalgridisimproG
vingwithmoreinvestmentsinrenewableenergy.
Forexample,ithastwiceasmuchwindenergy
capacityastheU.S.anditbuildsmoresolarpanG
elsperyearthananyothercountries.
Sheppardmodeledafutureinwhichalcars
wereelectric.“Wewantedtounderstandwhatit
mightbelikeifalpassengervehiclesareelectriG
fied.”Forexample,Sheppardcalculatedthatif
alvehiclesintheU.S.wereelectric,itwouldreG
ducegreenhouseGgasemissions by 46% every
year.ThisreductioncouldbeincreasedevenfurG
therifthosevehicles were using atechnique
knownas“smartcharging”inwhichcarsarereG
chargedatchosentimes(oftenatnight)toreG
ducethecostofelectricity.
Inshort,itsfareasiertoargueinfavorofbuying
anEVthanagasGpoweredvehicle.Butwhataboutthe
cost? Arentelectricvehiclestooexpensiveformost
people?
[语篇解读] 这是一篇议论文.文章主要讨论了
电动汽车和燃油汽车哪个更环保.
1.InwhichcasedoEVsgetmoreheavyGpoluted
thangasGpoweredcars?
A.Beingpoweredonlybybatteries.
B.ConsumingcoalGpoweredelectricity.
C.Startingtogiveofgreenhousegases.
D.ReplacinggasGpoweredvehiclesentirely.
解析:B [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段 关 键 句
“TheteamfoundthatwhenEVsarecharged
withcoalGpoweredelectricity,theyreactualy
worsefortheenvironmentthangasGpowered
cars.(研究小组发现,当电动汽车使用燃煤电力
充电时,它们对环境的危害实际上比汽油动力
汽车更严重.)”可知,当电动汽车使用燃煤电力
时,比汽油动力汽车造成的污染更严重.]
2.WhatisgreatlypromotedinChinanowaccordG
ingtothetext?
A.Renewableenergy.
B.Electricvehicles.
C.CoalGpoweredsupply.
D.Publictransport.
解析:A [细节理解题.根据第三段关键句“In
China,the nationalgridisimproving with
moreinvestmentsinrenewableenergy.ForexG
ample,ithastwiceasmuchwindenergycapacG
ityastheU.S.anditbuildsmoresolarpanels
peryearthananyothercountries.(在中国,随
着对可再生能源的投资更多,国家电网正在改
善.例如,中国的风能容量是美国的两倍,每年
建造的太阳能电池板比其他任何国家都多.)”
可知,中国目前致力于发展可再生能源,加大对
可再生能源的投资,由此可知,目前中国大力推
广的是可再生能源.]
3.HowdoesSheppardmodelthefutureofEVs?
A.Withadiscussion.
B.Withanexamination.
C.Withacalculation.
D.Withaquestionaire.
解析:C [细节理解题.根据倒数第二段关键
句 “Sheppard modeledafuturein whichal
carswereelectric.‘Wewantedtounderstand
whatitmightbelikeifal passengervehicles
areelectrified.’Forexample,SheppardcalcuG
latedthatifal vehiclesinthe U.S.were
electric,itwouldreducegreenhouseGgasemisG
sionsby46% everyyear.(Sheppard建立了一
个未来所有汽车都是电动的模式.‘我们想了
解如果所有乘用车都通电会 是 什 么 样 子.’例
如,Sheppard计算出,如果美国所有的汽车都是
电 动 的,那 么 每 年 温 室 气 体 排 放 量 将 减 少
46%.)”可知,Sheppard通过计算为电动汽车的
未来建立模型.]
792
基础必备 必修第三册
4.WhatmighttheparagraphfolowingthepasG
sagebeabout?
A.InventinggreengasGpoweredvehicles.
B.DevelopingenvironmentGfriendlygrids.
C.Makingelectricvehiclesmoreafordable.
D.Gettingridoffossilenergylikecoalandoil.
解析:C [推理判断题.根据最后一段内容“In
short,itsfareasiertoargueinfavorofbuying
anEVthanagasGpoweredvehicle.Butwhat
aboutthecost? ArentelectricvehiclestooexG
pensiveformostpeople? (简言之,支持购买电
动汽车比支持汽油动力汽车要容易得多.但是
费用呢? 电动汽车对大多数人来说不是太贵了
吗?)”可知,最后一段提出一个问题,虽然电动
汽车具有环保性,但太贵了,大多数人买不起,
由此可知,文章接下来的段落讨论的可能是使
电动汽车价格更合理的问题.]
阅读B 主题语境:人与社会 体裁:说明文 话题:开发可生物降解的纤维
WhenChuiGLianLeeandValentinaGomez
startedontheiracademicjourneysastextile(织
物)developingandmarketingmajorsattheFashG
ionInstituteofTechnology,theywereeagerto
learnmoreabouttheclothingindustry.Someof
thethingstheyendeduplearningshockedthem.
Theyfoundoutthatroughly11 miliontonsof
textilewasteendupinlandfileachyear,andthe
chemicalsandgasesthatemergeduringdecompoG
sitionpolutetheearth.
Everysingleclassthattheyjoined,theydgo
throughtheimpactsanditdbelike,“Okay,cotG
tonhasthislargeofawaterfootprintandpeople
areturningtoorganiccotton,butthatsnotrealy
asolutionbecauseofthesereasons.”Or“People
arelookingatrecycled polyester (涤 纶)but
thatsnotgreatbecauseitstil releases microG
plastics.”Aseverysolutiontheylearnedabout
camewithdrawbacks,theybothwoundupfeeling
realyfrustrated.
Itwasntuntilthetwojoinedaclassonthe
applicationofbiotechnologytothemanufacturing
ofclothingthattheyrealizedtherecouldbea
more environmentaly friendly option forthe
fashionindustry.Leeand Gomezlearnedthat
theycouldusespecialyengineeredproteinsto
createafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades
(分解)naturaly,andthentheideaforWerewool
wasborn.“Bychanginghowwearecreatingthe
fibersthatmakeupourclothing,wecanchange
theentirelifecycleofourclothingandtheirendG
ofGlifeimpactsontheenvironment,avoidingpolG
lutionfromplastics,”Leeexplains.
TheearlyGstagebiotechcompanyfocusingon
developingbiodegradablefibersforthetextileinG
dustryinitialystartedasaresearchprojectthat
involvedmanysleeplessnightsinthelab.After
winningthe H&M Global Change Awardin
2020,theprojectlaunchedintoacompany.Over
fouryearsand45miliondolarsinfundinglatG
er,Werewoolnowhas12employeesandhasbeG
gunworkingwithbrandstodevelopclothingout
oftheirproteinGbasedfibers,withthehopeof
launchingproductsin2025.By2030,125,000
tonsoffiberisexpectedtoenterthe market,
whichisabout390milionshirts.
“OurgoalhasalwaysbeentomakethefashG
ionindustryfriendlytonature,”saysLee.
[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文.讲述了 ChuiG
LianLee和 ValentinaGomez创 立 了 Werewool
公司,它致力于开发可生物降解的纤维,使时尚更
环保.
5.Whatsurprised Leeand Gomez whenthey
learnedabouttheclothingindustry?
A.Awiderangeoftextilesareproducedevery
year.
B.Thereare many poisonouschemicalsin
clothing.
C.ClothingindustrybringsharmtotheenviG
ronment.
D.Thetextilewasteisquitedifficulttobreak
down.
解析:C [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 文 章 第 一 段
“Someofthethingstheyendeduplearning
shockedthem.Theyfoundoutthatroughly11
miliontonsoftextilewasteendupinlandfil
eachyear,andthechemicalsandgasesthateG
mergeduringdecompositionpolutetheearth.
(他们最终学到的一些东西震惊了他们.他们
发现,每年大约有1100万吨纺织垃圾被填埋,
在分解过程中产生的化学物质和气体污染了地
球.)”可知,当 Lee和 Gomez知道服装业给环
境带来危害时,他们很惊讶.]
6.Whyareorganiccottonandrecycledpolyester
mentioned?
A.Topresentfeaturesoforganicclothing.
B.Tointroduce methodsofrecyclingtextile
waste.
C.ToshowtheyrenotgoodoptionsforsusG
tainability.
D.Toexplainitisessentialtoreducethewater
footprint.
解析:C [推理判断题.根据文章第二段“EvG
erysingleclassthattheyjoined,theyd go
throughtheimpactsanditdbelike,‘Okay,
cottonhasthislargeofawaterfootprintand
peopleareturningtoorganiccotton,butthats
notrealyasolutionbecauseofthesereasons.’
892
高考总复习 英语(BS)
Or‘Peoplearelookingatrecycledpolyester(涤
纶)butthatsnotgreatbecauseitstilreleases
microplastics.’Aseverysolutiontheylearned
aboutcamewithdrawbacks,theybothwound
upfeelingrealyfrustrated.(他们参加的每一
堂课,都会经历这些影响,正如,‘好吧,棉花有
这么大的水足迹,人们正在转向有机棉花,但由
于这些原因,这并不是一个真正的解决方案.’
或者‘人们正在考虑回收聚酯,但这并不好,因
为它仍然会释放微塑料.’因为他们了解的每个
解决方 案 都 有 缺 点,所 以 他 们 都 感 到 非 常 沮
丧.)”可知,文章提到有机棉花和回收聚酯是为
了证明它们不是可持续发展的好选择.]
7.WhatcanwelearnaboutWerewoolaccording
tothepassage?
A.Ithasabrightprospect.
B.Itfundsresearchontextilewaste.
C.Itprovestobehighlyprofitable.
D.Itpioneersinplasticsdecomposition.
解析:A [推理判断题.根据文章第三段“Lee
andGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespecialG
lyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthataG
voidsplasticsanddegrades(分 解)naturaly,
andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn.‘By
changinghow wearecreatingthefibersthat
makeupourclothing,wecanchangetheentire
lifecycleofourclothingandtheirendGofGlife
impactsontheenvironment,avoidingpolution
fromplastics,’Leeexplains.(李和戈麦斯了解
到,他们可以使用特殊工程蛋白来制造一种纤
维,这种纤维可以避免塑料,并且可以自然降
解,于是,Werewool诞生了.李解释说:‘通过
改变我们制造服装纤维的方式,我们可以改变
服装的整个生命周期以及它们的寿命结束对环
境的影响,避免塑料污染.’)”可知,Werewool
前景广阔.]
8.Whichofthefolowingisasuitabletitleforthe
text?
A.WerewoolMakesFashionGreen
B.BreakthroughsinAppliedBiotechnology
C.LeeandGomezsAcademicJourneys
D.NewProteinGbasedFibersHittheMarket
解析:A [主旨大意题.根据文章全文尤其是
第三段“LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycould
usespecialyengineeredproteinstocreateafiG
berthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades(分解)natG
uraly,andthentheideafor Werewoolwas
born.(李和戈麦斯了解到,他们可以使用特殊
工程蛋白来制造一种纤维,这种纤维可以避免
塑料,并且可以自然降解,于是,Werewool诞生
了.)”可知,本文主要讲述了 ChuiGLianLee和
ValentinaGomez创立了 Werewool公司,它致
力于开发可生物降解的纤维,使时尚更环保.A
选项“Werewool让时尚更环保”适合作为本文
标题.]
Ⅱ.完形填空 主题语境:人与社会 体裁:新闻报道 话题:哈尔滨旅游业
HarbinTourismBoomsinEarly2024
Asthecurtainsof2024drewopen,Harbin,
thenortherncityknownforitsicycharm,witG
nessedatourism boom unlikeanyother.The
citys tourism sector received a massive
1 ,garneringattentionfromnetizensand
travelersworldwide.
ThelocalgovernmentandtourismauthoriG
tiessparedno 2 toprepareforthisinG
flux,ensuringthatvisitorswereprovidedwith
themost 3 andconvenientexperiences.
Specialtiesliketheicefestivalwereportrayedinal
theirglory,withartificialinteligenceusedto 4
andentertainthecrowds.The 5 and
sinceritybehindtheseeffortswereevidentinevG
erydetail.
Harbins 6 surged,anditranked
amongthetoptouristdestinationsglobaly.This
successwas 7 tothecitysuniqueatG
tractions,generoushospitality,andthelucky
timingofthetourism boom.VisitorswereimG
pressedbythe 8 showntotraditional
cultureandtheimmediacyofthelocalrescue
teams,whowerealwaysonstandbyincaseof
anytemporaryinconvenience.
Netizens 9 positively onsocial
media,praisingthecityseffortsto boostits
tourismsector.Someevensuggestedthatother
citiesshouldstandin Harbinsshoesandlearn
fromitsexample.Complaintswerefewandfar
between,with mostvisitorsagreeingthatthecity
had 10 theirstay.
Therevenuegeneratedbythistourismboom
setanewrecord, 11 alpreviousbenchG
marksandprovingthatHarbinscharmandatG
tractionsweremorethanjustapassingfad.The
citystourismindustryisnowthrivingandlooks
forwardtoaneven 12 future.ThissucG
cessstoryisatestamenttowhatcanbeachieved
whensincerity,creativity,andhardworkcome
13 .
Astheworldcontinuesto 14 the
impactofthistourismboom,onethingremains
clear:Harbinhassetanewstandardfortourism
excelence.Itscommitmenttoprovidingvisitors
withanunforgettableexperienceisaninspiration
tousal,andweeagerlyawaitwhatthefuture
15 forthisvibrantcity.
992
基础必备 必修第三册
[语篇解读] 本文是一则新闻报道,讲述了哈尔
滨旅游业在2024年初的蓬勃发展.
1.A.boost B.criticism
C.investment D.recognition
解析:A [考查名词词义辨析.句意:这个城市
的旅游部门得到了大规模的提升,吸引了全世
界网民和旅行者的关注.A.boost提高;B.critG
icism 批 评;C.investment投 资;D.recognition
识别.根据标题可知,该篇文章讲述的是哈尔
滨旅游业 在 2024 年 初 的 蓬 勃 发 展,结 合 下 文
“Thelocalgovernmentandtourismauthorities
sparedno 2 toprepareforthisinflux,enG
suringthatvisitors wereprovided withthe
most 3 andconvenientexperiences.(当地
政府和旅游部门不遗余力地为此做准备,确保
为游客提供最舒服、最便捷的服务.)”可知,哈
尔滨政府和旅游部门为旅游业做出了服务方面
的提升,所以城市的旅游部门得到了大规模的
提升.]
2.A.time B.money
C.effort D.resources
解析:C [考查名词词义辨析.句意:当地政府
和旅游部门不遗余力地为此做准备,确保为游
客提供最舒服、最便捷的服务.A.time时间;
B.money金钱;C.effort努力;D.resources 资
源.根据下文“The 5 andsinceritybehind
theseeffortswereevidentineverydetail.(这些
努力背后的真诚和热情在每个细节中都是显而
易见的.)”可知,政府和旅游部门对此做出了努
力.该处sparednoefforttodo不遗余力做.]
3.A.comfortable B.luxurious
C.authentic D.generous
解析:A [考查形容词词义辨析.句意:当地政
府和旅游部门不遗余力地为此做准备,确保为
游客提供最舒服、最便捷的服务.A.comfortaG
ble舒服的;B.luxurious奢侈的;C.authentic真
诚的;D.generous慷慨的.根据下文“The 5
andsinceritybehindtheseeffortswereevident
ineverydetail.(这些努力背后的真诚和热情在
每个细节中都是显而易见的.)”可知,该处表示
的是给游客提供舒适的服务.]
4.A.amuse B.assist
C.guide D.enhance
解析:A [考查动词词义辨析.句意:像冰雪节
这样的特色节日被描述得淋漓尽致,用人工智
能去娱乐大众.A.amuse娱乐;B.assist帮助;
C.guide指导;D.enhance增强.根据句意,该
处含义与entertain相近.]
5.A.creativity B.technology
C.organization D.enthusiasm
解析:A [考查名词词义辨析.句意:这些努力
背后的真诚和创造力在每个细节中都是显而易
见的.A.creativity 创 造 性;B.technology 技
术;C.organization 组 织;D.enthusiasm 热 情.
根据 上 文 “Thelocalgovernmentandtourism
authoritiessparedno 2 toprepareforthis
influx,ensuringthatvisitors were provided
withthe most 3 andconvenientexperiG
ences.(当地政府和旅游部门不遗余力地为此做
准备,确 保 为 游 客 提 供 最 舒 服、最 便 捷 的 服
务.)”可知,这些服务背后体现的是当地政府和
旅游部门的诚意和创造力.]
6.A.population B.popularity
C.economy D.environment
解析:B [考查名词词义辨析.句意:哈尔滨的
名气激增,成为全球最热门的旅游目的地之一.
A.population人口;B.popularity声望;C.econG
omy经济;D.environment环境.根据下文“and
itrankedamongthetoptouristdestinations
globaly.(成 为 全 球 最 热 门 的 旅 游 目 的 地 之
一)”可知,哈尔滨的名气得到了提升.]
7.A.attributed B.connected
C.related D.linked
解析:A [考查动词词义辨析.句意:这一成功
归功于这座城市独特的景点,慷慨的款待及旅
游业繁荣 的 幸 运 时 机.A.attributed归 因 于;
B.connected联系;C.related涉及;D.linked连
接.根据句意,该处在讲述哈尔滨受欢迎的原
因,beattributedto归因于.]
8.A.respect B.tolerance
C.appreciation D.interest
解析:A [考查名词词义辨析.句意:游客对展
现出对传统文化的尊敬和当地救援队的迅速反
应印象深刻,他们总是随时待命,以防任何短暂
的不便.A.respect尊敬;B.tolerance忍受;C.
appreciation欣赏;D.interest利益.根据上文
“Thissuccesswas 7 tothecitysuniqueatG
tractions,generoushospitality,andthelucky
timingofthetourismboom.(这一成功归功于
这座城市独特的景点,慷慨的款待及旅游业繁
荣的幸运时机)”可知,这座城市独特的景点即
为当地政府对于传统文化的保护,体现出对传
统文化的尊敬.]
9.A.reacted B.commented
C.responded D.interacted
解析:B [考查动词词义辨析.句意:网友在社
交媒体上对该市的旅游业的发展给予了肯定,
并称赞该市为旅游业做出的努力.A.reacted
作出反应;B.commented评论;C.responded 回
答;D.interacted 交 流.根 据 下 文 “Someeven
suggestedthatothercitiesshould standin
Harbinsshoesandlearnfromitsexample.(一
些人甚至建议,其他城市应该站在哈尔滨的立
场上,向他学习)”可知,网友对该事件发表了看
法和意见.]
003
高考总复习 英语(BS)
10.A.missed B.prolonged
C.enriched D.spoiled
解析:C [考查动词词义辨析.句意:投诉少
之又少,大多数游客同意在这座城市充实了他
们的 停 留.A.missed 错 过;B.prolonged 延
长;C.enriched 充 实,丰 富;D.spoiled 溺 爱.
根据上文“Specialtiesliketheicefestivalwere
portrayedinaltheirglory,withartificialinG
teligenceusedto 4 andentertainthe
crowds.(像冰雪节这样的特色节日被描述得
淋漓尽致,用人工智能去娱乐大众)”可知,哈
尔滨举办了各种各样的活动来丰富游客的旅
游体验.]
11.A.reaching B.establishing
C.achieving D.surpassing
解析:D [考查动名词词义辨析.句意:这股
旅游热潮所带来的收入创下了新的记录,打破
了以往的记录,证明哈尔滨的魅力和吸引力并
不仅 仅 只 是 昙 花 一 现.A.reaching 达 到;
B.establishing建立;C.achieving成就;D.surG
passing超过.根据上文“TherevenuegeneraG
tedbythistourismboomsetanewrecord(这
股旅游热潮所带来的收入创下了新的记录)”
可知,打破了以前的水准.]
12.A.darker B.dimmer
C.brighter D.clearer
解析:C [考查形容词比较级词义辨析.句
意:这个城市的旅游业正在蓬勃发展并且期盼
着 一 个 更 光 明 的 未 来.A.darker 更 黑;
B.dimmer更暗淡;C.brighter更明亮;D.clearer
更清晰.根据上文“Thecitystourismindustryis
nowthriving(这 个 城 市 的 旅 游 业 正 在 蓬 勃 发
展)”可知,发展前途应该更好更光明.]
13.A.together B.apart
C.out D.around
解析:A [考查副词词义辨析.句意:这个故
事成功的验证了,当真诚、创造力和努力工作
一 起 出 现 的 时 候 所 能 取 得 的 成 就.
A.together一起;B.apart分开;C.out出局;
D.around 围绕.结合文章内容可知,将这些
必要因素结合在一起就促成了成功.]
14.A.ignore B.assess
C.minimize D.receive
解析:B [考查动词词义辨析.句意:当世界
继续对这股旅游业做出评估时,有一件事是明
确的,哈尔滨为优秀旅游业树 立 了 一 个 新 标
准.A.ignore忽 视;B.assess评 估;C.miniG
mize把减至最低;D.receive接收.根据
上 文 “Netizens 9 positively on social
media,praisingthecityseffortstoboostits
tourismsector.SomeevensuggestedthatothG
ercitiesshouldstandin Harbinsshoesand
learnfromitsexample.(网友在社交媒体上对
该市的旅游业的发展给予了肯定,并称赞该市
为旅游业做出的努力.一些人甚至建议,其他
城市应该站在哈尔滨的立场上,向他学习)”可
知,世 界 在 对 哈 尔 滨 对 旅 游 业 的 努 力 做 出
评估.]
15.A.believes B.holds
C.maintains D.retains
解析:B [考查动词词义辨析.句意:它致力
于为游客提供难忘的体验,这对我们所有人都
是一种鼓舞,我们热切地等待这座充满活力的
城市所拥有的未来.A.believes相信;B.holds
持有;C.maintains维 持;D.retains保 持.依
照句意,我们热切地等待这座充满活力的城市
所拥有的未来,表示拥有,持有.]
Ⅲ.应用文写作(通知) ◀
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华.为
了迎接 第 三 届 “全 国 生 态 日 (NationalEcology
Day)”的到来,你校将于2025年8月12日下午
4:00-5:30在学校礼堂开展一次环保知识竞赛.
请你用英文写一则通知.内容包括:
1.竞赛主题、时间及地点;
2.报名方法;
3.鼓励大家踊跃报名.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已为你写好.
Notice
Dearfelowstudents,
TheStudentsUnion
Notice
Dearfelowstudents,
InordertocelebratethethirdNationalEcolG
ogyDayandraiseourawarenessofenvironmental
protection,theStudentsUnionisgoingtoholda
contestonhowtoprotectourhomeplanetat
4:00-5:30pmon12August,2025inthehal.
Ifyouareinterested,youcanstarttosignup
attheStudentsUnionofficenow.ThecontestinG
cludestwoparts:quizanddebate.FormoredeG
tailedinformation,pleasevisitourwebsiteand
readtherelatedinstructions.
AlstudentswhoareinterestedinchalengG
ingthemselvesandprotectingourhomeplanet
arewelcometoparticipate!
TheStudentsUnion
103
基础必备 必修第三册