内容正文:
词块背诵 佳句赏析
1.workforthenextgeneration为下一代工作
2.makeimportantdiscoveries做出了重要的发现
3.sufferfromhighfever发高烧
4.findacureformalaria发现了治疗疟疾的疗法
5.leadtothedevelopmentofnewdrugs
导致了新药的研发
6.themostinfluentialfiguresofscience
科学界最有影响力的人物
7.beawardedaNobelPrize被授予诺贝尔奖
8.gainareputationfor获得了名声
1.Everygreatachievementofscienceisbased
onboldfantasies.
科学的每一项巨大成就,都是以大胆的幻想
为出发点的.
2.Aboveal,diligenceisthemotherofsucG
cess.
总之,勤奋就是成功之母.
3.Surpriseistheseedofscience.
惊奇就是科学的种子.
对应学生P59
[核心单词]
1.admirevt.钦佩;赞赏
[教材原句] IthinkmyuncleissomeoneIadmire.
我认为我的叔叔是我钦佩的人.
①admiresb.for(doing)sth.
因(做)某事而钦佩某人
②admirationn. 钦佩;羡慕;敬佩
with/inadmiration 钦佩地
express/haveadmirationforsb./sth.
表达对某人/物的羡慕/钦佩
[点津] (1)admire后不接双宾语或直接接that引
导的宾语从句,但可接疑问词引导的从句.
(2)admire后不接带不定式的复合结构,即不用admire
sb.todosth.,可用admiresb./sb.sdoingsth..
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)WeadmiretheoldscientistforhisgreatcontriG
butionstothecountry.
(2)Idliketoexpressmyadmiration (admire)for
thecourageanduncomplainingspiritofthefireG
fighters.
(3)Molyisadmired(admire)forhercharmingperG
sonalityandremarkableability.
(4)(20241月浙江卷)Butthishighlyinformed,
selfGeducated ,andadmirable(admire)person
preventedmedoingso.
[金句]———完成句子
(5)Overthepasttenyears,ourcountryhasmade
admirableachievementsinspaceexploration.
十年来,我国在航天探索方面取得了令人钦佩的
成绩.
[润中华]
WhenitcomestofamousfiguresinChinesehistory,
IadmireZhangQianverymuch.
说到中国著名的历史人物,我非常钦佩张骞.
2.remarkableadj.非凡的;不寻常的
[教材原句] remarkablecontributiontomankind
对人类的杰出贡献
remarkn.&v. 评述;谈论;说起
remarkon/upon 谈论/评论
remarkthat... 说;评论说
makeremarkson/upon 对发表评论/看法
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Dontmakearemarkon/uponwhatotherswear.
(2)(20241月浙江卷)PerhapsthemostremarkaG
ble(remark),however,wasthefactthatthis
manspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhard
physicallabor.
(3)Afamousmanonceremarked(remark)that“Al
happyfamiliesresembleoneanother,buteach
unhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway.”
(4)(2022全国乙卷)However,weal witnessthat
preschoolchildrenareremarkably(remarkable)
badathiding.
[金句]———完成句子
(5)AslongaswestudyEnglishhard,wewil make
remarkableprogress.
只要努力学英语,我们就会取得明显的进步.
3.curevt.治好;治愈 n.疗法
[教材原句] curediseases治愈疾病
acureforadisease 医治某种病的药/疗法
curesb.of... 治愈某人的病;改掉某人的坏习惯
05
[易混辨析]
cure
“治疗,治愈”.多用于药物治疗,指治愈
某种疾病或改正不良习惯.
treat
指治疗病人的全过程或活动,并不涉及
“治愈”这个结果.常用于treatsb.for
sth.结构中.
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)(2022浙江卷)ItaimedtofindacurefordeG
mentia.
(2)Thedoctorscuredherofcancer.
(3)Isthereacertaincureforcanceryet?
[金句]———完成句子
(4)Henrywasstilcapableofwritingcompositions
andhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefand
cureforhisilness.
亨利仍然有能力写作品,他发现创作音乐是一种
解脱和治愈他的疾病.
4.honourn.尊敬;光荣;荣誉vt.感到荣幸
[教材原句] WhenthankingtheCommitteeforthe
honour,TuYouyousaid,...
在感谢委员会的荣誉时,屠呦呦说
inhonourof... 为了纪念;为向表示敬意
havethehonourofsth./ofdoingsth.
得到某种特殊的荣幸;有幸做某事
be/feelhonoured(todosth.) (做某事)感到荣幸
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Iwilhavethehonourofattending(attend)the
meetingwithourleader.
(2)(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)Itsbeenanhonortowatch
thepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepanG
dassettleintotheirnewhome.
(3)Thereisapartytonightinhonourofournew
president.
[金句]———完成句子
(4)Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandgloG
rytohercountry.
作为一名球员,郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和
荣耀.
[润中华]
—DoyouknowanythingaboutZhangZhongjing?
—Byal means.Hehasbeenhonouredasamaster
doctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.
———你知道张仲景吗?
———当然知道.自东汉以来,他一直被尊称为医圣.
5.recognitionn.表彰;赞扬;承认,认可
[教材原句] Thisisnotonlyanhonourformyself,
butalsorecognitionandencouragementforalscienG
tistsinChina.
这不仅是我自己的荣誉,也是对中国所有科学家的认
可和鼓励.
①beyond(al)recognition 认不出来
②recognizevt. 辨认出;承认;公认
recognizesb./onesvoice
认出某人/听出某人的声音
berecognizedtobe/as... 被认为是
Itisrecognizedthat... 人们公认
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)(2024全国甲卷)Yourcatwillikelysmelyour
faceandstorethesmelinitsmemoryanduseit
torecognize(recognition)youinthefuture.
(2)Alexandertriedtogethisworkrecognized(recG
ognize)inthemedicalcircles.
(3)(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Withoutyourrecognition
(recognize)andguidance,IcouldnthavewritG
tenthisarticle.
[金句]———完成句子
(4)Itisrecognizedthatenvironmentalpolutionhas
becomeoneofthemostseriousproblems.
人们一致认为环境污染已经变成了最严重的问题
之一.
6.advancevt.&vi.促进;前进;提前n.前进;进步
[教材原句] ThereisgreatpotentialforfutureadG
vancesifthesetwokindsofwisdomcanbefulyinteG
grated.
如果这两种智慧能够完全融合,未来进步的潜力就
很大.
①inadvance 预先;提前
inadvanceofsth. 在前,超过
ontheadvance 在上涨
withtheadvanceof 随着的增加
②advanceon/towards/upon 朝前进
③advancedadj. 先进的;高级的
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)GroupsoffiveormorereG
quirespecialarrangementsand mustbeconG
firmedinadvance.
(2)(2023新课标卷)Thiscanhindertheprogress
ofstudentsasthemoreadvanced(advance)one
maydominatetheconversation,leavinglittle
roomfortheotherstudentstoimprove.
(3)(2022北京卷)InthelatestUNreportonglobal
foodsecurity,thenumberofundernourished(营
养不良)peopleintheworldhasbeenrising,deG
spitegreatadvances(advance)innutritionsciG
ence.
[金句]———完成句子
(4)Chinahasmadegreatadvancesinscienceand
technologyinthepastfourdecades.
在过去的四十年里,中国在科技方面进步很大.
15
基础必备 必修第二册
7.respectvt.尊敬;尊重;遵守n.尊敬;方面;(pl.)
敬意;问候
[教材原句] Irealyadmireandrespecthim,and
theresnodoubtthathewasoneofthemostimporG
tantfiguresofthe20thcentury.
我真的很钦佩和尊重他,毫无疑问,他是20世纪最重
要的人物之一.
①respectsb.forsth.
因某事而尊敬或敬重某人
②have/showrespectfor/tosb.
对某人表示尊敬或敬重
give/sendonesrespectsto 代某人向问候
inrespectof/withrespectto 关于;就而言
outofrespectfor... 出于对的尊敬;顾及
③respectedadj. 受人尊敬的;受敬重的
respectfuladj. 表示敬意的;尊敬的
④respectableadj. 尊敬的;文雅的
[点津] respect表示“尊重;敬重”时为不可数名词;
表示“细节;方面”时为可数名词;表示“敬意;问候”
时,多用复数形式.
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Ihopeairlinescanshowmorerespectfor/topasG
sengersandimproveservice.
(2)Themomentyoumeetyourparents,pleasegive
myrespects(respect)tothem.
(3)(20231月浙江卷)Theymakemefeelvalued
andrespected(respect),no mattermylevelof
artisticability.
(4)(全国Ⅰ卷)WehavealotofrespectablepeopleaG
roundus.
[金句]———句式升级
(5)BecausetheoldprofessorwasrespectedbyeveG
ryone,hedecidedtomakegreatcontributionsto
thecountry.
→Witheveryonerespectinghim,theoldprofesG
sordecidedto makegreatcontributionstothe
country.(with复合结构)
[润中华]
Chinesechildren grow up with warnings notto
wasteasingle grain ofrice,outofrespectfor
farmerslabor.
中国的孩子从小就受到告诫,不要浪费一粒米,这是
出于对农民劳动的尊重.
8.engagevi.参加,参与;吸引
[教材原句] Heengagedinawiderangeofexercise
designedtorebuild muscle,and maderemarkable
progress.
他进行了旨在重建肌肉的广泛运动,并取得了显著的
进步.
①engage (sb.)in (doing)sth.=beengagedin
(doing)sth.
参加/从事;忙于
engagewithsb./sth. 与某人/某事建立密切关系
engagesb.todosth./assth.聘请某人做
②engagementn.订婚;预约
engagedadj.忙碌的;使用中的;已订婚的
beengagedtosb.和订婚
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Hewantstobeengagedinforeigntrade.
(2)Weengagehimastechnicaladviser.
(3)Heengagedhimselftopay(pay)backthemoney.
(4)(20241月浙江卷)Inthecourseofacoupleof
hours,heselfGeducated mejusthow muchone
cangainfromtravelingwithanopenmind,anda
wilingnesstoengagewithlocalsfromal walks
oflife.
[金句]———完成句子
(5)Hisdaughterwasengagedtoayoungteacher.
他的女儿与一位年轻教师订了婚.
[间考词汇]
1.awardvt.授予;给予n.奖;奖品
▶教师专用
win/receive/getanawardfor...
因而赢得/得到/获得奖项
awardsb.forsth. 因某事而奖励某人
awardsb.sth./awardsth.tosb. 授予某人某物
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)Heawardedthefirstprizetothewinner.
(2)TheprogrammewonanawardforitsnewscovG
erage.
(3)Thesoldierwasawardedforhisgreatcouragein
thebattle.
这名士兵因在战斗中表现出的极大勇气而受到
嘉奖.
2.potentialn.&adj.潜质,潜力;潜在性,可能性
▶教师专用
①realise/achieveones(ful)potential
发挥某人的(全部)潜力
havethepotentialtodosth. 有做某事的潜力
thepotentialfor(doing)sth.
(做)某事的可能性/潜在性
②potentialdanger/customers 潜在的危险/顾客
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)Historyhasthepotentialtobreak(break)down
thoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoenG
tire worldsthat would otherwise beforeign
tous.
(2)TheregionhasgreatpotentialforeconomicdeG
velopment.
(3)Shewasthefirsttorealisethepotentialdanger
oftheirsituation.
她是第一个意识到他们的处境有潜在危险的人.
25
高考总复习 英语(BS)
3.judgen.裁判员;法官;审判员vt.&vi.评价;判
断;评判
▶教师专用
①judgesb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.
判断/认为某人/某物是
judgethat... 断定;认为估计
judge...by/from... 根据判断
judgingby/from...从来判断
②judgement n.[C,U]看法;判决;判断
makeajudgementon/about 对作出判断
inonesjudgement 按某人的看法
单句语法填空 /完成句子
(1)(2023全国甲卷)Whatwediscoveredisthatits
unwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyitsappearG
ance.
(2)Theteacherjudgedhimtobe(be)honest.
(3)Youshouldtakeitseriously.Donotmakea
judgement(judge)tooquickly.
(4)Inhisjudgement,hismotheristhegreatestin
theworld.
在他看来,他的妈妈是世界上最伟大的妈妈.
(5)Judgingfromthewayhetalks,Imsurehesa
scholar.
从他的谈吐上看,我相信他是一位学者.
4.regardv.看作,认为
▶教师专用
①regardingprep. 关于
②regardlessadv./adj. 不管,不加理会
③in/withregardto(=asregards)
关于,在这点上
inthisregard 在这点上
用regard的适当形式填空 /完成句子
(1)(2021全国乙卷)EcotourismiscommonlyreG
gardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbed
places.
(2)(2024北京卷)OurbrainsusethesystemtoacG
quirebehaviouralpatternsregardingsaferoutes
home,efficientfoodgatheringanddangerstoaG
void.
(3)(北京卷)Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,
readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchalenges
regardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanyG
thingsimilar.
(4)(全国Ⅰ卷)Mountainsareregardedasspiritual
placesbymanycultures.
山被许多文化视为精神所在地.
1.人物品质 2.智力与能力
①dignityn. 庄重;尊贵;高尚
②dutifuladj. 尽责的;忠诚的
③aggressiveadj. 有进取心的
④thoughtfuladj. 考虑周到的
⑤modestadj. 谦虚的;谦逊的
⑥ambitiousadj. 有雄心壮志的
①wisdomn. 智慧
②distinctionn. 优秀;卓越
③briliantadj. 使人印象深刻的;技艺高的
④forgetfuladj. 健忘的;不留心的
⑤giftedadj. 有天赋的;有才华的
⑥qualificationn. 资格;学历
1.fightfor 努力争取,为斗争
[教材原句] fightforjustice为正义而斗争
fightagainst 为反对而斗争
fightwith 与并肩作战;与斗争
fightabout 争论
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Hefoughtagainstthediseaseforalongtime.
(2)Youevenfoughtwithyourfriendtoprotectme.
(3)Sothentheyhadabigfightaboutwheretolive.
[金句]———完成句子
(4)GraduateshavetofightforjobsinahighlycomG
petitivemarket.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到
工作.
2.comeacross偶然遇见
[教材原句] However,afterhundredsoffailedexG
periments,theyeventualycameacrossapromising
chemical.
然而,经过数百次失败的实验,他们最终发现了一种
有希望的化学物质.
comeabout 发生,产生
comeup 出现;走近
comeupwith 追上;想出,找出(答案)
cometo 达到;总共,总计;谈到
comeout 出来,出现;出版;结局
[练通]———用come的相关短语填空
(1)(2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Familiesgatherforbig
mealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverothG
erexcusestheycancomeupwith.
(2)Icameacrossagroupofchildrenplayingonthe
playground.
35
基础必备 必修第二册
(3)Animportantquestioncameupatthemeeting
yesterday.
(4)Canyoutel mehowtheaccidentcameabout?
[金句]———完成句子
(5)WhenitcomestoGerman,Iknownothing.
当谈到德语,我一窍不通.
3.dueto由于,因为
[教材原句] Itwasonlyduetotheongoingsupport
ofhis wife,familyandfriendsthatheeventualy
foundthewiltoliveagain.
正是由于他的妻子、家人和朋友的持续支持,最后他
找到了再次活下来的决心.
①beduetodosth. 预期做某事,预定要做某事
②beduetosth./sb.归因于某事/某人;欠某人
③bedueforsth. 应得到
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)(2023全国甲卷)Botheffortswereoverturned
duetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.
(2)Hisnewbookisduetobepublished(publish)
nextmonth.
(3)(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Duetoabigstorm,my
flighthadbeendelayedbyanhourandahalf.
[金句]———完成句子
(4)Themeetingwasduetostartat3oclock.HowG
ever,ithadtobeputoffto5oclockduetothe
badweather.
会议预计3点开始,然而,由于恶劣的天气不得不
推迟到5点.
4.动词不定式作定语
[教材原句] ThewomanwasTuYouyou,thefirst
ChinesefemalescientisttobeawardedaNobelPrize
forherwork.
这位女士是屠呦呦,她是第一位因她的工作而获得诺
贝尔奖的中国女性科学家.
①当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等
修饰时或前有thenext,theonly,thelast等时,常用
不定式作后置定语.
②动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词
之后.
③作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式
所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具,不
定式后面须加相应的介词.
④动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词,常
见的有:ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,anG
swer,reply,attempt,belief等.
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)IfIhaveanyfurthernews,youwilbethefirst
persontoknow (know).
(2)Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvilageand
al myattemptstocontact(contact)youfailed.
(3)(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)WalkingatnightGtimeisa
greatwaytostep(step)outofyourcomfort
zone.
(4)Theabilitytoexpress(express)anideaisasimG
portantastheideaitself.
[金句]———完成句子
(5)In1931,Addamsbecamethefirst American
womantowintheNobelPeacePrize.
1931年,亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的
美国女性.
5.notonly...butalso...句式
[教材原句] Thus,notonlyisheknownasasuperG
herointheSupermanfilms,butheisalsoregarded
asasuperherotomanyinreallife.
因此,他不仅在超人电影中被称为超级英雄,而且在
现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄.
①notonly与butalso后面所连接的词的词性必须
对等.
②notonly只能连用,而butalso既可连用,也可分
开用,also也可省略.notonly与butalso后面所连
接的词作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”,谓
语动词的数应与butalso后的名词的数保持一致.
③notonly放在句首,后接句子要用部分倒装.
[练通]———单句语法填空
(1)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacheris(be)
fondofsport.
(2)Notonlydoeshespeakcorrectly,buthealso
speakseasily.
(3)(2023北京卷)Notonlysurvived(survive)thelockG
downbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidnt.
(4)(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Beingsurroundedbynature
notonlysparked (spark)mycreativitybutalso
offeredamuchGneededbreakfromtheusualhusG
tleandbustleofschoollife.
[金句]———完成句子
(5)Thetrafficissuenotonlyaffectsoureveryday
life,butmayalsothreatenpeopleslives.
交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活,而且也可
能威胁到人们的生命.
45
高考总复习 英语(BS)
对应学生P65
[全练透]
▶[维度1] 词形转换
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.
1.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Theyhelpdevelopadvanced
(advance)skils.
2.Dontactlikesuchafool—useyourinteligence
(inteligent).
3.Thiswritercanusethelanguagecreatively(creaG
tive)andhisownwritingstyleisdifferentfrom
otherwriters.
4.Whatisthemosteffective(effect)wayofteachG
ingchildrentoreadandwrite?
5.Onlyalimited(limit)numberofplacesareavailaG
ble.
6.Shehasbeenawarded(award)thetitleProfessor.
7.Tomisusedtojogginginthe morning,which
makeshimenergetic(energy)everyday.
8.There wasafeelingofdepression(depress)in
Jimsfamilywhenhetoldhisparentshehadbeen
outofwork.
9.Itisimportantthatstudentsdevelopanawareness
(aware)ofhowtheInternetcanbeused.
10.Acareerasanactorrequiresonehundredpercent
commitment(commit).
11.Icanoralysummarize(summary)theinformaG
tionIhavereadinEnglish.
12.Goingawaytocolegehasmadehim muchmore
independent(independence).
13.Thisproductneedsimprovingifitwantsnational
recognition(recognize).
▶[维度2] 动词的形式变化和固定用法
在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的
适当形式填空.
1.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Twoyearslater,asixGmeterG
talpavilion,inspired(inspire)byThePeonyPaG
vilion,wasbuiltattheFirs Garden,justten
minuteswalkfromShakespearesbirthplace.
2.Studentsrecitedpoemstoexpresstheiradmiration
(admire)forthedoctorsandnursesfightingthe
epidemic.
3.Tomshowedaremarkable(remark)artistictalent
inhischildhood.
4.Oneshouldbegenerouswithhistimeinassisting
others.
5.YoushouldmakealyourpreparationswelinadG
vance.
6.Wehopesimilareventswilbeorganised(organG
ise)inthefuture.
7.Struck(strike)ontheheadbyastone,hefelon
thegroundalatonce.
8.Whilereading (read)books,weshouldnotjust
readwithoutreflectingonwhatwearereading.
9.Remembertokeepapositiveattitudetoward(s)/
tolifeandgoodthingswilnaturalyhappen.
10.Looseclothingusualygivesyougreaterfreedom
ofmovement(move).
[重落实]
▶[维度3] 课文语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)
或括号内单词的正确形式.
TuYouyouisfamousaroundtheworld.Sheis
thefirstfemaleChinesescientist1.towin(win)the
NobelPrize.ShewasborninZhejiangProvince,
China,2.on30December,1930.ShestudiedmediG
cineatPeking University HealthScienceCenter.
Afterher3.graduation(graduate)fromuniversity,
shebecameamemberoftheChinaAcademyofChiG
neseMedicalSciences.In1969,she4.waschosen
(choose)toestablishateamtofindacure5.formaG
laria—adiseasethatkilsmilionsofpeopleevery
year.Itwasnotaneasytask.Theyhad6.limited
(limit)resourcesandthey did nothaveenough
staff.Theytested morethan240,000chemicals
withnosuccess.TuYouyoustudiedancientChinese
medicalliteratureandvisitedexpertsin7.traditional
(tradition)Chinesemedicine.ThenTuYouyouand
herteamusedmodernresearchmethodstostudythe
Chinese herbs one by one. After hundreds of
8.failed (fail)experiments,theyeventualycame
acrossapromisingchemical.ThemedicinetheydisG
coveredwasartemisinin,9.whichhasnowbecome
theworlds10.mosteffective (effective)drugfor
fightingmalaria.
▶[维度4] 话题作文(征文投稿)
21世纪英文报正在组织以你身边值得钦佩的人
为题的作文比赛,请你写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:
1.介绍你钦佩的人物;
2.说明钦佩理由.
注意:1.根据汉语提示补全作文;
2.词数80左右;
3.短文题目已为你写好.
55
基础必备 必修第二册
ThePersonIAdmire
WhenitcomestotheoneIadmire,Iwiltel
youwithouthesitationthatitismyfather.1.Not
onlydoeshetakegoodcareofmephysicaly,buthe
alsoinspiresmespiritualy(他不仅在身体上照顾我,
而且在精神上激励我).
Everymorning,hegetsupearlytopreparea
healthybreakfastformyfamily.2.Nomatterhow
busyheis,hewildrivemetoandfromschool,rain
orshine(无论他有多忙,他都会开车送我上下学,风
雨无阻).WhenIamdownorfeelanxiousaboutmy
grades,myfatherwiltakemetoapark,orinvite
metoseeamovietohelpmerelaxed.Whatsmore,
hehasapositiveattitudetolife,3.whichhasanevG
erlastingeffectonme(这对我有永恒的影响).
4.Itisbecauseofhiscareandconsiderationthat
Igrowuphappilyandhealthily(正是因为他的关心
和体贴,我才能快乐、健康地成长).Mygratitudeto
himisbeyonddescription.
▶[维度5] 读后续写微技能(6)———“个性与性格”
●[多样表达]
1.innocentadj.天真的;单纯的;无知的
2.goodGtempered/goodGhumored/goodGnatured
adj.脾气好的
3.talentedadj.天资高的
4.directadj.直率的;坦白的
5.frankadj.坦白的;直率的;真诚的
6.anoutspokenman说话直率的人
7.frankandoutspoken/straightforward心直口快
8.conservativepersonalities保守的性格
9.bereadytohelpothers乐于助人
10.amanoffinepersonality性格良好的人
11.asimpleGmindedman头脑简单的人
12.acoldGbloodedman冷酷无情的人
13.withpleasantpersonality性格和善
14.beofadeterminedcharacter性格果断
15.possessanindependentcharacter
具有独立的性格
16.downtoearth脚踏实地的;务实的
●[佳句观摩]
1.他真是一个乐观的人!
Heisrealyanoptimisticcharacter!
2.他的妈妈有时虽然严厉,但也有温柔的一面.
Althoughhismotherissometimesstrict,shehasa
gentleside.
3.她不但很博学,而且还非常乐于助人.
Sheisnotonlyveryknowledgeable,butalsovery
helpful.
4.这就是我最好的同学,一个热情而又善良的小
男孩!
Thisis my bestclassmate,a warm and kind
littleboy!
●[好句仿写]
1.和低调坦诚的人交往很容易.
Itiseasytodealwithsomeonewhoisdownto
earth.
2.她说话的方式直率得近乎粗鲁.
Hermannerofspeakingisdirecttothepointof
rudeness.
3.阳光下他的目光像潭水般深沉,闪现出一种强烈的
自信.
Underthesun,hiseyeswereasdeepasapoolof
water,flashingstrongselfGconfidence.
4.他有意见就坦率地提出来,从不拐弯抹角.
Heisfrankandoutspokenandneverbeatsabout
thebush.
对应学生P67
[培优1] 单元知识高考链接
一、熟词生义
写出黑体词的词性和汉语意思
1.CouldIacquiresomewisdom? CouldImakemy
lifemeaningful? n.知识
2.TheypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifG
ferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheatG
tackers. v.意图
3.Theanimalsareskinnedonthespotandthewool
takentoIndia,whereitismadeintotheshawls.
v.剥皮
二、一词多义
根据语境选出gain的含义
A.vt.得到;获得,赢得(战争、诉讼等)
B.vt.使得到 C.vt.增加,增添 D.vt.到达
E.vt.(钟、表等)快 F.n.获得;增加;获利
1.Wegainedourdestinationbeforedark. D
2.Hehadgainedhimselfareputationforunfairness.
B
3.Igainedfivepoundsinaweeklastyear. C
4.Ourarmygainedthebattleinthebadweather.
A
5.Heservedthepublicwholeheartedly,regardless
ofhispersonalgainorloss. F
6.Mywatchgainsfiveminutesaday,whichmakes
meupset. E
65
高考总复习 英语(BS)
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养———Topic:对社会有贡献的人物
◆真题文本 ◆真题再做
(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexG
plorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedprobG
lems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowing
throughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegot
older,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanup
themessespeopleweremaking.
Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincolege,John
wentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertain
plantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)? WhichkindsoffishcaneatcancerG
causingchemicals? Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,he
figured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecided
tobuildwhathewouldlatercalanecoGmachine.
ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstances
fromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberG
glasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocal
pondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.He
placedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferent
kindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.
Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.
Hewasamazedattheresults.TheplantsandanimalsintheecoG
machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit! Withinweeks,it
hadalbeendigested,andalthatwasleftwaspurewater.
Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopeda
greenhouseGlikefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesin
SouthBurlington.HealsodesignedanecoGmachinetocleancanalwaterin
Fuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.
“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“Life
onEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.
“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhatshappening.
ThenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfGrepair.”
1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohn
fromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A.Hewasfondoftraveling.
B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.
C.Hehadaninquiringmind.
D.Helongedtobeadoctor.
2.WhydidJohnputthesludge
intothetanks?
A.Tofeedtheanimals.
B.Tobuildanecosystem.
C.Toprotecttheplants.
D.TotesttheecoGmachine.
3.Whatistheauthorspurpose
inmentioningFuzhou?
A.ToreviewJohnsresearch
plans.
B.Toshowanapplicationof
Johnsidea.
C.TocompareJohnsdifferent
jobs.
D.To erase doubts about
Johnsinvention.
4.WhatisthebasisforJohns
work?
A.Naturecanrepairitself.
B.Organismsneed waterto
survive.
C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.
D.Mosttinycreatureslivein
groups.
[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了John
Todd从小就很爱思考且好学,长大后他建造了一个
生态机 器,利 用 自 然 可 以 自 我 修 复 的 原 理 来 净 化
污水.
1.C [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenJohnTodd
wasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaround
hishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.
Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclear
afterflowing through plants and along rocks
wheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,
Johnstartedto wonderifthisprocesscouldbe
usedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.
(当约翰托德还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢探索房
子周围的树林,观察大自然是如何解决问题的.例
如,一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩
石后,往往变得清澈.长大后,约翰开始思考这个
过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏物.)”以及第
二段 “Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,and
fisheriesincolege,Johnwentbacktoobserving
natureandasking questions. Whycan certain
plantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)? Whichkinds
offishcaneatcancerGcausingchemicals? (在大学
学习了农业、医学和渔业之后,约翰又回到了观察
自然和提出问题的生活中.为什么某些植物能捕
获有害细菌? 哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质?)”可
知,约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强.]
75
基础必备 必修第二册
2.D [细 节 理 解 题. 根 据 第 三 段 “Afterafew
weeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后,约翰
把污 泥 加 了 进 去.)”以 及 倒 数 第 三 段 “Hewas
amazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsin
theecoGmachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegan
toeatit! Withinweeks,ithadalbeendigested,
andalthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感
到惊讶.生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物,
开始吃起来! 几周之内,它就被消化了,只剩下纯
净的水.)”可知,约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试
生态机器.]
3.B [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 “Overthe
years,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.HedeG
velopedagreenhouseGlikefacilitythattreatedsewG
age(污 水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlingG
ton.HealsodesignedanecoGmachinetocleancaG
nalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.
(这些年来,约翰承担了许多重大工作.他开发了
一个 类 似 温 室 的 设 施,可 以 处 理 来 自 南 伯 灵 顿
1600户家庭的污水.他还设计了一种生态机器来
清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水.)”可推知,作
者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用.]
4.A [推理判断题.根据最后一段“YouputorganG
ismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhatshappenG
ing.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheir
ownwaystoselfGrepair.(你把生物体放在新的关系
中,观察会发生什么.然后让这些新系统自行发展自
我修复的方式.)”可知,约翰工作的基础是自然可以自
我修复.]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.explorethewoods 探索树林
2.solveproblems 解决问题
3.beusedtodo 被用来做
4.cleanupthemesses 清理脏物
5.combinationofanimalsandplants 动植物结合
6.removeharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge
从污泥中除去有害物质
7.littlebylittle 逐渐地
8.takeonmanybigjobs 承担了很多大型工作项目
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.observev. 观察
2.streamn. 小溪
3.creaturen. 生物
4.processn. 过程
5.trapv. 困住
6.removev. 除去
7.organismn. 有机体
8.ecosystemn. 生态系统
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上)
1.spare
A.额外的 B.高挑的 C.业余的 D.备用的
①Shewasthinandspare. B
②Ihaveseveralsparebatteriesinmyhouse.
D
2.digest
A.消化 B.理解 C.摘要 D.把分类
①Theorganizationpublishesadigestofstatistics.
C
② Alowyourfoodtodigestbeforeexercising.
A
◆长句缩写
Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclear
afterflowing through plants and along rocks
wheretinycreatureslived.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词
短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)
去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表).
A (dirty)stream,(forexample),(often)became
clear[afterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks
(wheretinycreatureslived)].
[句子缩写] Astreambecameclear.(不超过10
个单词)
85
高考总复习 英语(BS)