Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册五维课堂（人教版2019）

UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES ◆[佳句感知] [完成句子] The first time that)I visited Guilin,I was ② (我第一次去那 deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery. 里的时候)，they were living in a small house 我第一次游览桂林，就被它的美景深深打 with dogs,ducks,and other animals. 动了。 3I took my parents to Beijing last month,and ◆[即学即练] (第一次)they saw the [语法填空] Tian'anmen Square. DHaving checked the windows were closed, C温馨提 and all the lights were off,the boy 学习至此，请完成配套训练 opened the door of his bedroom. SectionⅢ Learning About Language 要点。层层精析 [词汇精讲] ③With a high level of motivate) L.(教材P16)I became more motivated,and and enthusiasm,we can keep on learning. I'm also a lot more ambitious now! 2.(教材Pl7)The advisor talked about 我越来越积极了，现在也雄心勃勃多了！ maintaining reasonable expectations when motivated adj.积极的；主动的 studying abroad. ◆[佳句感知] 顾问谈到在国外学习时要保持合理的期望。 (1)People will be expecting to see something expectation n.[C,usually pl.]期望；指望[C, usually pl..,U]希望，盼望[U,C预料，预期， from us and this will keep us motivated. 期待 人们将会期待从我们这儿看到一些东西，这将 ◆[佳句感知] 使我们保持积极。 (1)Some people have totally unrealistic expec- (2)Our teachers always motivate us to seek tations of both medical and nursing staff. knowledge by ourselves. 有些人对医护人员的期望完全不切实际。 我们的老师总是激励我们自己寻求知识。 (2)It was an A,which was beyond my expec- [归纳拓展] tations. motivate ot..成为…的动机；激发；激励 我得了个A,这出乎我的意料。 motivate sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事 (3)In expectation of a traffic jam,I decided to walk. motivation n.[U]动力；积极性[C]动机 我预料会堵车，于是决定步行。 motivation for(doing)sth.(做)某事的动机 [归纳拓展] ◆[即学即练] expectations of..对…的期望 [语法填空] with expectations怀着希望 DUnless you can sleep well,you will lose the live up to/meet(one's)expectations达到（某 ability to focus,plan and stay (moti- 人的)期望，如（某人）所愿 vate)after one or two nights. expect v.期待；预料 2You should reassess your goals,and moti- expect to do sth..期待/预料做某事 vate yourself (set)a fresh goal. expect sb.to do sth.期待/预计某人做某事 ·37· 英语·选择性必修第二册 expect十that从句期待. [归纳拓展】apply.应用，使用i.&.t.申请 be expected to do sth..被期待做某事 apply..to..把…应用于 expected adj.预料的，预期的 apply(to..)for..(向…)申请… unexpected adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的 apply to do sth.申请做某事 unexpectedly adu.出乎意料地，意料之外地 application n.[C,U]应用，运用；申请，请求， ◆[即学即练] 申请书，申请表 [语法填空] an application form一份申请表 DSometimes it is a bit challenging to reach a ◆[即学即练] compromise(妥协)between parents' [语篇填空] (expect)and their kids'desires. Lily graduated from Harvard University a The global population is expected month ago.She① a big company (grow)to 9.6 billion by 2050,and some ana- ② a post last week.The interviewer lysts estimate that food production will need said her③ was the best among all to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current the④ and that she was hired.Lily levels. was very happy and determined to work hard and⑤ her professional knowledge 3 Lindsey's husband was totally astonished ⑥ her new job. by the (expected)visit. 莉莉一个月前从哈佛大学毕业。她上周向一 [完成句子] 家大公司申请了一个岗位。面试者说她的申 4To be honest,the role Jack plays in this 请表是所有应聘者中最棒的，还说她被雇用 film doesn't 了。莉莉很高兴，决心努力工作并把自己的专 though he is one of my favourite actors. 业知识运用到她的新工作中。 老实说，尽管杰克是我最喜欢的演员之一，但 4.(教材PI7)Exposure to another culture 他在这部电影中饰演的角色并没有如我所愿。 and its people can give exchange students 5They closed the window great insights into the world. 接触另一种文化及其人民可以让交换生对 他们预料会下雨，就关上了窗户。 世界有深刻的了解。 3.(教材P17)Who will be the successful exposure n.[sing.,U]接触，体验（常与to连 applicant for the summer job at the law 用)[U]暴露，亮相；揭露 firm? ◆[佳句感知] 谁将是律师事务所暑期工作的成功申请人？ (1)The visit to German gave them exposure to applicant n.[C]申请人（尤指求职、进高等学 the language. 校等) 德国之行使他们有机会接触到德语。 ◆[佳句感知] (2)Exposure to lead is known to damage the (1)There are many applicants for the job. brains of children. 申请这份工作的人很多。 众所周知，接触铅对儿童的大脑有害。 (2)I don't think the applicant is suitable for the (3)Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in post. the media. 我认为这个申请人不适合这个岗位。 她的新片媒体有很多报道。 ·38· UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES [归纳拓展]expose vh.使接触，使体验；暴 DThere are several reasons why school uni- 露，显露；揭穿，揭露：使面临，使遭受 forms are a good idea.First of all,uniforms expose sb..to sth.使某人接触/体验/遭 help the school look smart.The students feel 受…（其被动形式为sbh.be exposed to sth..) that they belong to a particular group. 校服是个好主意有几个原因。首先，校服有助 ◆[即学即练] 于使学校看起来整洁漂亮。学生们觉得他们 [语法填空] 属于一个特殊的群体。 ①Exposing yourself English as 2The reason why/for which he was late was much as possible is the instrument of learning that he got up late. it well. 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 ②The pregnant(怀孕的)woman always sits (2)若关系词在从句中作主语、宾语，要用 in the non-smoking area of restaurants to re- which或that引导定语从句，其中作宾语时关 duce her (expose)to smoke. 系词可省略。 [同义句转换] D He gave us a reason that /which sounded rea- If you are in the sun for too much time,you sonable. will get sunburnt. 他给了我们一个理由，这个理由听起来合情合 →③If you the sunlight for 理。（关系词在从句中作主语） too much time,you will get sunburnt. 2 The reason which/that)he has given sounds →④ the sunlight for too reasonable. much time,you will get sunburnt. 他给出的理由听起来合情合理。（关系词在从 [句式精析] 句中作宾语，可省略) (教材Pl7)The biggest reason why he loves [归纳拓展]reason构成的常见搭配： China,however,is that he enjoys being (a/the reason for(doing)sth. with Chinese people. (做)某事的原因 然而，他热爱中国的最大原因是他喜欢和中 a/the reason to do sth.做某事的原因 a/the reason why/for which...is that... 国人在一起。 …的原因是… [句式分析] ◆[即学即练] The biggest reason why he loves China 主语 定语从句 [语法填空] however,is ①The reason I admire him is 系动词 his positive attitude to life has a great influ- that he enjoys being with Chinese people. ence on me. 表语从句 ②Is this the reason he explained at reason后接定语从句的用法 the meeting for his carelessness in his work? reason作先行词，后接定语从句时： ③Another reason corn's rise:The (1)若关系词在从句中作状语，要用why或 government encourages farmers to grow corn for which引导定语从句。 instead of rice (improve)water quality. ·39· 英语·选择性必修第二册 语法。探究突破 名词性从句一主语从句和宾语从句 自我探究 总结归纳 1.That the baby could speak made his parents very that引导的是名词性从句，在句中作 happy. made的主语 she always feels hungry.,,为省略了 2.Laura says she always feels hungry when she smells that的名词性从句，在句中作says的 it,so I taught her how to cook it,too. 宾语 3.What seemed strange before now appears quite nor- What seemed strange before what mal to her. 引导的名词性从句，在句中作主语 Whoever is interested in making small 4.Whoever is interested in making small inventions can inventions为whoever引导的名词性 join in it. 从句，在句中作主语 [基本概念] 主语从句和宾语从句都属于名词性从句，名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的从句，主 要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 [思维导图] 山在主语从句中不充当成分，也没有含义，但通常不能省略 h引导的1语从句 常用i作形式主语代替h I1+e+形容词+hal, 从句的何型 n+e+名词（词组）+hl 主语 t+bc+过去分词+that 从句 whether/if引导的主语从句 It docsn't matter that... 连接代词导的主语从何 It makes no difference that... 连接副词引导的士语从句 It occurred to/struck/hit me that... 引导的宾语从句 名词性从句 连接词 whether/if引导的宾语从句 连接代词引导的宾语从句 连接副词引导的宾语从句 在些表示毕持、命令、建议、要求等意义的动词（词组）后。 hal引宁的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 动词（词组）后的 动可ind,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足的时候， 宾语从句 需婴用il作形式宾语，而将hal引导的宾语从句后置 从句 行些动词短语后眼宾语从句时要先在从句前加形式宾语t。常见 的这类动词短语行owe to,see to,rely on,depend on等 有些表示喜好、僧恶的动词接从句作宾语时要用t作形式宾语， 常见的这类动词有hate,like等 介词后的宾语从句 宾语从句的谛序和时态 宾语从句的注意序项 否定转移 dubt用于否定句或疑问句时，其后用hal引导宾语从句；用干肯 定句时，其后用whether或i近引导宾语从句 ·40· UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES [语法精析] It is certain that she will do very well in 一、主语从句 the exam. 主语从句就是在复合句中起主语作用的从 她一定会在这次考试中考得很好。 句。主语从句的连接词有四类： ②It+be+名词（词组）(no wonder,the that类：that在从句中无意义，无功能 case,an honour,a pity,a good thing,no whether/if类：whether或if在从句中有意 surprise,a fact,a shame,etc.)+that... 义（是否），无功能 You have been walking for hours.It's no 代词类：what,which,who,whom,whose, wonder that you are so tired. whatever,whichever,whoever 你一直走了好几个小时。难怪你会这 whomever,.在名词性从句中各自 么累。 有自己的意义，且在从句中有相 ●[学以致用] 应的功能（主语、宾语、表语和 定语) ①lt's no secret China has always been a 副词类：when,where,why和how,在名词 source(来源)of inspiration for designers. 性从句中各自有自己的意义，且在 ②It is possible caffeine may cause 从句中有相应的功能（状语：表示时 birth defects(缺陷)in humans,too. 间、地点、原因和方式) ③ is important that you let them 1.that引导的主语从句 know when you'll be available. (1)that在主语从句中不充当成分，也没有含 ④It doesn't matter she doesn't 义，但通常不能省略。 agree to our plan. That our team had won first prize made us 2.whether/,if引导的主语从句 very happy. whether/if在从句中不充当句子成分，仅起 我们队获得了第一名，这使我们很高兴。 连接作用，意为“是否”。whether引导的主 That Mo Yan had been awarded the 语从句可以位于复合句的句首，也可位于句 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature made us 尾：而f引导的主语从句只放在句尾，前面 very proud. 用it作形式主语。 莫言获得2012年诺贝尔文学奖使我们非 Whether she will come or not is still a 常骄傲。 question. (2)that从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，使句 她是否会来仍是一个问题。 子平衡，常用t作形式主语，而将主语从句 后置。常用it作形式主语代替that从句 It was not certain whether/if he passed the 的句型有以下几种： exam. ①t+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,. 他是否通过了考试还不确定。 wonderful,likely,possible,certain,etc. ●[学以致用] that... DThe limits of a person's intelligence,gener- It is obvious that you've made a big mis- ally speaking,are fixed at birth,but take. he reaches these limits will depend on his en- 显然，你犯了一个大错。 vironment. ·41· 英语·选择性必修第二册 ②It doesn't matter you pay by cash 1.连接词 or credit card in this store. r从属连词：that,if,whether 3.连接代词引导的主语从句 连接代词：who(ever),whom(ever),whose, 连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which, what(ever),which(ever) whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever 连接副词：when(ever),where(ver),why, 引导主语从句时，在句中既起连接作用，又 how(ever) 在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。 (1)that引导的宾语从句 What angered me most was his total lack that在引导宾语从句时不充当任何成分， of regret. 也没有含义，且通常可以省略。 最使我生气的是他居然毫无悔意。 He told me(that)he would go to college Which plan is better should be discussed. the next year. 应该讨论哪一个计划更好。 他告诉我下一年他会去上大学。 ◆[学以致用] We all agree that it would be very con- ① is even more interesting is that venient to go there by bus. one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry 我们都认为坐公共汽车去那儿将会很 behind the plastic shopping bag. 方便。 ②Every year, makes the most Everyone could see,I believe,that Mike beautiful kite will win a prize at the Kite Fes- was very terrified. 我相信人人都能看出迈克很害怕。 tival. 3 Your support is important to our work. I believe(that)you have done your best and that everything will go well. you can do helps. 我相信你已经尽力了，而且一切都会顺 4.连接副词引导的主语从句 利的。 连接副词when,where,how,why引导主语 ●[学以致用] 从句时，在句中既是连接词，又在从句中作 ①I truly believe beauty comes from 状语。where在主语从句中作地点状语， within. when作时间状语，why作原因状语，how作 ②Do you know he has joined the 方式状语。连接副词引导的主语从句，也常 army? 用it作形式主语。 ③He has made it clear he will not How this happened is not clear to anyone. give in. 这事是怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 He is a good student except he is Where she lives has not been found yet. careless. 还没有找到她住在哪里。 (2)if/whether引导的宾语从句 P[学以致用] if/whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲， ① we understand things has a lot to 常放在动词（短语）ask,care,wonder,know do with what we feel. 和find out等后面。一般情况下，两者常 ②Exactly the potato was intro- 可换用，在口语中多用f。 duced into Europe is uncertain,but it was Nobody knows whether/if it will rain probably around 1565. tomorrow. 二、宾语从句 没有人知道明天是否会下雨。 宾语从句就是在复合句中起宾语作用的 Tom asked whether/if I had read the book. 从句。 汤姆问我是否读过这本书。 ·42· UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES [易错警示]在下列情况下用whether而 ④IT'm not sure is more frightened, 不用f引导宾语从句： me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that sudden (1)直接与or not连用时。 ly appears out of nowhere. I don't know whether or not they could 5Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she pass the exam. created,and she's also positive about 我不知道他们是否能通过考试。 the future might bring. (2)从句位于介词之后时。 (4)连接副词引导的宾语从句 I am not interested in whether they believe 连接副词when(ever),where(ver),how(ev in me or not. er),why等引导宾语从句时，既起连接作 我对他们是否信任我不感兴趣。 用，又在从句中作状语。 P[学以致用] He didn't tell me when we would meet D Data about the moon's composition,..., again. could help China decide its plans for 他没有告诉我我们什么时候会再见面。 a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.. None of us knows where these new 2With that in mind,Moore asked her dad parts can be bought. she could start her own candy com- 我们都不知道能在哪里买到这些新零件。 P[学以致用] pany. ③She asked me I had returned the DWhat students do at college seems to mat- ter much more than books to the library,and I admitted that they go. ②-I wonder Mary has kept her I hadn't. figure after all these years. 4I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in -By working out every day. advance or not you will come. ③We must find out Karl is coming, (3)连接代词引导的宾语从句 so we can book a room for him. 连接代词who,whom,what,whose,who 2.动词（词组）后的宾语从句 ever,whatever等引导宾语从句时，既起连 大多数及物动词和动词（词组）后都可以跟 接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语等 宾语从句，需要注意： 成分。 (1)在一些表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等意义 Do you ever discover who sent you the 的动词后that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟 flowers? 语气，即从句谓语用“(should十)动词原 你弄清是谁给你送的花了吗？ 形”。这类动词有：一坚持(insist),二命令 The book will show you what the best (order,command),三建议(suggest,.pro writers should know. pose,advise),四要求(ask,demand,re 这本书会告诉你最好的作家该了解些 quire,request)等。 什么。 She insisted that she(should)organize ●[学以致用] the trip perfectly. DHe wants very much to earn some money, 她坚持要把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 but I don't see he can do. He commanded that all the gates(should)be ②I figured lost the dog was proba- shut. bly just as close to it as I am to my dog. 他命令关闭所有的大门。 3The gold medal will be awarded to I suggested that he(should)study harder. wins first place in the bicycle race. 我建议他应该更加努力学习。 ·43 英语·选择性必修第二册 (2)动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等 4.宾语从句的注意事项 后面有宾语补足语的时候，需要用t作形 (1)宾语从句的语序和时态：宾语从句一律要 式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。 用陈述语序，且连接词位于从句句首。若 We find it necessary that we practise 主句是祈使句或主句用的是一般现在时或 spoken English every day. 一般将来时，从句可根据需要选用合适的 我们发现每天练习英语口语是有必要的。 时态：若主句用的是过去时态，从句一般要 (3)有些动词短语后跟宾语从句时要先在从句 用与过去时态相关的某种时态：若从句表 前加形式宾语t。常见的这类动词短语有 达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句 owe to,see to,rely on,depend on等。 通常用一般现在时。 Please see to it that the children go to The teacher told us that Tom had left bed by 9 o'clock. us for America. 请务必让孩子们9点前上床睡觉。 老师告诉我们汤姆已经离开我们去美国了。 (4)有些表示喜好、憎恶的动词后接从句作宾 (2)否定转移：think,believe,suppose,imagine 语时要用t作形式宾语，常见的这类动词 等动词后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，通 有hate,like等。 常要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，即主句 I hate it when they talk with their mouths 的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词 full of food. 用肯定式，即否定转移。存在否定转移现 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 象的主从复合句变反意疑问句时应注意的 问题： P[学以致用] ①若主句的主语是第一人称，反意疑问句 DThe teacher requests that we 的主语和谓语应与宾语从句的主语和谓语 (get)along well with each other. 分别保持一致： ②I have made it a rule I keep a dia- ②若主句的主语不是第一人称，反意疑问 ry every day. 句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分 ③You may depend on that they will 别保持一致。 support you. *I don't think he can remember the 100 3.介词后的宾语从句 words within two hours,can he? 一般情况下，介词后常接wh-类连接词引导 我想他不能在两小时内记住这100个单 的宾语从句。而except,but等少数介词后 词，是吗？ 可接t小hat引导的宾语从句。 (3)doubt用于否定句或疑问句时，其后用that We are talking about whether we admit 引导宾语从句；用于肯定句时，其后用 students into our club. whether或if引导宾语从句。 我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱 I never doubted that she would come. 乐部。 我从未怀疑过她会来。 I was curious as to what we would do P[学以致用] next. ①The teacher said the earth runs 我很想知道下一步我们将做什么。 around the sun. [学以致用] ②You don't he passed the exam,do DWe choose this hotel because the price for a you? night here is down to 20,half of ③I doubt the new one will be much used to charge. better. 2Reading her biography,I was lost in admi- C温馨提西 ration for Doris Lessing had 学习至此，请完成配套训练 achieved in literature. ·44英语·选择性必修第二册 5.Ogifted;has a gift for:gifts 2My younger sister is gifted/ 重点句式 talented in playing the piano.My younger sister has a gift 1.这是她第一次离开中国 talent/genius for playing the piano. 2.她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说… 6.①finding fault with it②at③faulty⑩with 要点层层精析词汇精讲即学即练 句式精析即学即练 L.①todo②for③qualified④no qualifications for:for do- l.①will②shows③performances④has⑤Not only has ing'to do the job not qualified for/to do the job he read the book.but (also)remembers what he has read. 2.(1)①of②ambitious③His ambition is to become a 2.①examine②angry③to wait④heard⑤it⑥make world-famous pianist.If you want to achieve/realize it a rule to wash hands makes Spain a tourist resort your ambition.you must work hard and get fully prepared. 3.①we are②you are③itis④returning⑤carried (2)①开办，创建②安排③建起，设立 ⑥waiting 3.①adaptation②@that:to③for①adaptable 写作表达升格学以致用 4.①in②@comfortable③uncomfortable④We should walk 参考范文 out of our comfort zone and try new things. In 1973.Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pio- 5.①in②to improve:participation③participants neer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.Thanks to 6.①报告，陈述②颁发③presentation④to:with his research.farmers are producing harvests twice as much as 7.①from home and abroad is home to③feel more at before. home Make yourself at home As an agricultural scientist.Yuan Longping also had the 8.①参与②吸引住③痛用①to improve⑤in spirits that most scientists should have.Though he had 9.①living②in③involved④involvement achieved his goal,he still devoted himself to research on rice so 句式精析即学即练 as to feed more people in the world.He had dreams one after i.①has won②had seen③This is the first time that I have another and always loved and cared for people.Yuan Longping been away from home,so I find it hard to adapt to the new has made such great contributions to mankind that he is respec- life here.That was the most successful performance that ted and admired by people all over the world. he hadhad on such a big stage. All in all,we must learn these spirits from this great scien- 2.①that②The first time(that)I went there③for the first tist in order to serve our country better when we grow up. time UNIT 2 SectionⅢ 单元新知预览读图探新 1.Various.(可查阅资料) 要点层层精析词汇精讲即学即练 2.Various. l.①motivated②to set③motivation 3.(Chinese is acceptable) 2.①expectations②to grow③unexpected④live up to Croisements Festival(中法文化交流之春)was established in meet my expectations 5in expectation of rain 2006,and has taken place in many places attracting about 15 3.①applied to②for③application④applicants⑤apply million people,including performances,films and so on. ⑥to Section I 4.①to②exposure③expose yourself to④Exposed to 课文篇章理解 句式精析即学即练 I.1.builds a bridge between cultures ①why that②that/which③for to improve 2.①—C②一B③-D④-A 语法探究突破。学以致用 Ⅱ.1-5 BCCAD 一，1.①that②that It④that2.①whether②wheth IlI.1.an 2.to set 3.had left 4.to 5.where 6.forming er/if3.①what②whoever③Whatever4.①How 7.boosted 8.extremely 9.involved 10.cultural ②when SectionⅡ 二，l.(l)①that@that③that④that(2)①whether 新知点点突破重点单词 ②if/whether③whether/if④whether(3)①what 1.complex 2.recall 3.comfort 4.cite 5.presentation ②whoever③whoever④who⑤what'whatever 6.engage 7.involve 8.messenger 9.edition 10.qualify (4)①where②how③whcn2.①should get②that③it qualification qualified 11.ambition ambitious 12.adapta- 3.①what②what4.①that②think③whether if tion adapt 13.participate participation Section M 重点短语 新知点点突破重点单词 1.speak up 2.feel at home 3.engage in 4.get involved in 1.grasp 2.setting 3.deny 4.gain 5.outlook 6.outcome 5.set up 6.be familiar with 7.be keen to do sth. 7.expense expensive expend 8.behave bchaviour ·128