Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册五维课堂（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 单元。新知预览 [重难预知] severe frustrated contradictory infection proof multiple household 心 suspect blame link decrease transform thinking finding 汇 initial solid defend outstanding brilliant vivid 1.once and for all 2.subscribe to 核 3.thanks to 4.break out 短 5.in charge of 6.come down 7.above all 元 表语从句 1.so...that结果状语从句 重 2.be ready to do..when..引导的并列句 3.not only...but also..并列结构 型4.“make十宾语+宾语补足语”结构 5.状语从句的省略 工读图探新] Talk about the following questions in pairs and answer them. 1.Do you know about the scientists?Who are they? 2.What are their contributions and achievements?(Chinese is acceptable) 。1 英语·选择性必修第二册 Section I】 Reading and Thinking(I 课文⊙对照翻译 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS 约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王” “KING CHOLERA”[I] 霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕 [1][时态释疑]本篇文章的标题JOHN SNOW DEFEATS 的疾病之一，直到英国医生约 “KING CHOLERA”使用一般现在时表明这是个客观事 翰·斯诺（向人们）展示了如何 实，不容置疑。 能战胜它（它才不那么可怕）。 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the 这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、 world,until a British doctor,John Snow,showed how it could 脱水，甚至死亡。19世纪初，欧 be overcome.This illness causes severe diarrhoea,dehydra- 洲发生霍乱，数百万人死于这 tion,and even death.In the early 19th century,when an out- 种疾病。作为一名年轻的医生， break of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the 约翰·斯诺变得沮丧，因为没 disease.As a young doctor,John Snow became frustrated be- 人知道如何防治霍乱。后来， cause no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time, 他成了名医，甚至在维多利亚 he rose to become a famous doctor,and even attended to 女王分娩时还照料她。但他从 Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However,he never lost 未放弃彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。 his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. 总的来说，当时的医生对 霍乱的传播的解释有两种相互 In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that 矛盾的理论。一种理论是这种 疾病是由糟糕的空气导致的。 bad air caused the disease.The other was that cholera was 另一种理论是霍乱是由食物或 caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow 水中的细菌感染引起的。斯诺 subscribed to the second theory.It was correct,but he still 赞同第二种理论。这是对的， needed proof.Consequently,when an outbreak of cholera hit 但他仍然需要证据。因此， London in 1854,Snow began to investigate.He discovered 1854年伦敦发生霍乱后，斯诺 that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so se- 开始调查。他发现，在两条特 vere that more than 500 people died in ten days[2].He was 定的街道上，霍乱疫情非常严 determined to find out why. 重，十天内就有500多人死亡。 [2]这是一个复合句，that in two..,ten days为宾语从句。 他下定决心要找出原因。 该从句中的“so.,tha..”引导结果状语从句。 斯诺首先在地图上标出了 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places 所有死者曾经生活的精确地 where all those who died had lived[3].There were multiple 点。许多死亡病例是在宽街水 deaths near the water pump in Broad Street(especially house 泵附近（尤其是16号、37号、38 numbers 16,37,38,and 40).However,some households(such 号和40号房屋)。然而，一些 as 20 and 21 Broad Street,and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street)had 房屋（如宽街20号和21号，剑 2· UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS had no deaths.These people worked in the pub at 7 Cam- 桥街8号和9号)却没有人死 bridge Street.They had been given free beer,and so had not 亡。这些人在剑桥街7号的酒 drunk the water from the pump.Snow suspected that the wa- 吧工作。他们得到了免费的啤 ter pump was to blame.What is more,in another part of Lon- 酒，所以没有饮用水泵里的水。 don,a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after 斯诺怀疑是水系的问题。更重 要的是，在伦敦的另一个地方， moving away from Broad Street.It seemed that the woman 一位妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬 liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliv- 走后也因霍乱而死。这个女人 ered to her house every day[4].As a result of this evidence, 似乎非常喜欢（饮用）水泵里的 John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried 水，因此她每天都让人送水到 cholera germs.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump 她家。基于这些证据，约翰· removed so that it could not be used[5].Through this inter- 斯诺可以宣布水泵中的水携带 vention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. 了霍乱病菌。因此，他把水泵 [3]画线部分中的where和who都引导定语从句，分别修 的手柄拆除了，这样水系就不 饰先行词places和those。 能用了。通过这种千预，霍乱 [4 It seemed that..表示“似乎…，看起来…”；had it 才中断了。 事实上，宽街水泵的水已 delivered属于“have sth.done”结构，该结构可表示“请/派 被废物污染了。此外，斯诺后 别人做某事”。 来还发现了其他霍乱病例与伦 [5]so that在此引导日的状语从句。 敦的不同供水公司之间的联 The truth was that the water from the Broad Street 系。一些公司出售泰晤士河的 pump had been infected by waste.Moreover,Snow was later 水，而河水被未经处理的废物 able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the 污染了。喝这种水的人比喝纯 different water companies in London.Some companies sold 净水或白开水的人更易得 water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw 霍乱。 waste.The people who drank this water were much more 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供 水公司开始销售清洁饮用水， likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减 Through Snow's tireless efforts,water companies began 少。然而，霍乱仍然是一个问 to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the 题。每年，世界各地有数百万 world saw a substantial decrease.However,cholera is still a 人感染霍乱，许多人因霍乱丧 problem.Each year,millions of people around the world get 生。幸运的是，多亏约翰·斯 cholera and many die from it.Fortunately,we now know how 诺的努力，我们现在知道如何 to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow.Moreo- 预防霍乱。此外，斯诺对地图 ver,in his use of maps and statistics,Snow transformed the 和统计数据的使用也改变了科 way scientists study diseases.For this reason,Snow is con- 学家们研究疾病的方法。因 sidered the father of modern epidemiology. 此，斯诺被认为是现代流行病 学之父。 3 英语·选择性必修第二册 课文。篇章理解 I.Reading for main idea 4.How did John Snow find out the cause of 1.What's the main idea of the text? cholera? A.By living in the area where cholera broke out. 2.Match the main idea with each part. B.By marking on a map where all the dead ①Para.1 A.John Snow's contribution people had lived. and the title of honor. C.By analysing the food the patients had eaten. ②Para.2 D.By treating the people who infected with B.Two contradictory theo cholera. ries concerning the spread 5.There were no deaths in some houses in the of cholera. cholera outbreak area because ③Paras.3-4 C.The outbreak of cholera A.they worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge and John Snow's ambi- Street which provided clean water. tion. B.they paid more attention to personal ④Para.5 D.John Snow's method of health and clean living environment finding the origin of the C.they had drunk free beer instead of water disease. from the Broad Street pump II.Reading for details choose the best answer D.they had known the water from the according to the text. Broad Street pump was dangerous 1.What do you know about cholera in the ear- Ⅲ.Post-reading Fill in the blanks and try to recite the summary ly 19th century? Before John Snow showed how to over- A.It caused panic among people in Europe. come cholera,it was one of the most feared B.It immediately made John Snow feel de- (disease)of its day.In the early pressed. 19th century,millions of people died when C.It did leave Queen Victoria sorrowful and there was 2. outbreak.John Snow disturbed. became 3. frustrate)because no D.It attracted the attention of many workers. one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. 2.What did Snow think of the two contradictory John Snow wanted to face the challenge and theories? solve this problem.He knew that cholera A.He thought both sounded reasonable. would never be controlled 4. its B.He agreed with the second theory. cause was found.In 1854 when cholera broke 5. C.He denied both of the theories. in London,he began to gather in- formation and 6. (find)the evidence.It D.He got no proof of the theories. seemed that the polluted water was 7. 3.Why did Snow suspect the water pump was (blame).John Snow also found a link 8. to blame? other cases of cholera and the 9. A.Broad Street witnessed a lot of deaths. (differ)water companies in London.Finally B.Those people working in the pub sur- “King Cholera”lo. de- vived. feat). C.A woman and her daughter moved away. C温馨提 D.It was clear that the water in the pump 学习至此，请完成配套训练 was polluted.参考答案 参考答案 UNIT 1 SectionⅢ 单元新知预览读图探新 要点层层精析词汇精讲即学即练 1.Yes,I do.They are Albert Einstein,Stephen William Hawk- l.①to buy②in③of④to⑤are ing,Qian Xuesen and Li Shizhen. 2.①on②out③through④carrying them out⑤have 2.Various. been carried out Section I 课文篇章理解 3.①get through②get down to③got across to④get over I.1.The text mainly tells us how John Snow defeated 句式精析即学即练 “King Cholera". ①was driving②felt③when④I was about to go out 2.①—C②一B③-D④-A when/I was ready to go out when/I was to go out when/I Ⅱ.1-5 ABBBC was on the point of going out when IlI.1.diseases 2.an 3.frustrated 4.until 5.out 6.found 语法探究突破学以致用 7.to blame 8.between 9.different 10.was defeated 一，①that②that③that our team has just won the first Section II 新知点点突破重点单词 prize 1.severe 2.contradictory 3.multiple 4.household 5.sus- 二、①whether②whether he can arrive on time pect 6.blame 7.handle 8.intervention 9.link 10.sub- 三，①what②what③whose painting is the best stantial 11.decrease 12.frustrated frustrate frustration 四、①what②how③that why④where 13.infection infect infected infectious 14.proof prove 五，①because②as if the teacher is not satisfied proven Section N 重点短语 新知点点突破重点单词 1.in time 2.once and for all 3.subscribe to 4.thanks to 5.be likely to do 1.cast 2.pour 3.concrete 4.defend defence 5.assistant 重点句式 assistance 6.leadership 7.outstanding 8.gifted gift 1.他发现在两条特定的街道上，霍乱疫情非常严重，十天内就 9.abstract 10.steady steadily 11.concept 12.besides 有500多人死亡。 13.brilliant 14.fault 15.shift 16.vivid vividly 2.…这个妇女非常喜欢这个水泵里的水，因此她每天让人送 重点短语 水到她家。 1.break out 2.in change of 3.come down 4.above all 要点层层精析词汇精讲即学即练 5.make a decision to do 6.take on 7.be familiar with l.①at/with②frustrating③frustrated Ofrustration What frustrates him is that/It frustrates him 8.point out 9.be willing to do that 6were frustrated by 重点句式 2.(l)①At one time②in time③at the same time④ahead 1.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响 of time 5From time to time/At times (2)6in to attend 更大了。 ⑧for 2.他受到了来自祖国的对待英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负 3.①infection②with③infectious④infected 责发展中国的火箭科学，还负贵中国的太空和导弹计划。 4.(1)Osuspected that one of her three daughters had picked 3.除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时说话或做事会粗心。 ②suspected him of③Suspecting(2)①for;to blame ②on:for③Blamed④on 要点层层精析词汇精讲即学即练 5.①m.把手②t.处理③t.操纵，控制④t.搬动 L.①out②pouring③into④on/over⑤pour down/pour 6.①to/with②Linking③with/to④links between the cats and dogs poured out two theories 5links Shanghai to/with Beijing 2.①break down②broke out③break in④broke away 7.①by②in③on④has decreased to⑤increasing/on from⑤breaking up⑥against/from⑦in⑧protect/de the increase fend their children from/against 句式精析即学即练 1.①s0②s0③such s0such④s0⑤s0 noisy 3.①in②for③with④in charge of⑤in the charge of that we couldn't hear 6such a heavy box that took charge of/was in charge of Ofree of charge 2.①taken②print③running④repaired ⑤waiting; 4.①in②with③to be given④a⑤honourable⑥It's dressed an honour to be invited/We feel honoured to be invited ·127·