内容正文:
12.B [根据空后的“tothe‘Today’show”可知,她被邀
请参加节目,故选B.]
13.D [此处表示她获得了价值一万美元的供应物品.
...worthofsth.“价值的东西”,符合题意,故
选 D.]
14.A [据下文中的“helpwithherprogram”可知,这里
应用support表示支持她的计划.]
15.B [根据上文中出现的 hercommunity可知,应选
B.此处是讲 Means只是想对她的社区作出贡献.]
SECTIONⅣ
基础性
Ⅰ.1.objective 2.pursue 3.critical 4.surrounding
5.responsibility 6.significance 7.judgement
8.gain
Ⅱ.1.to 2.for 3.contributions 4.assessment
5.from 6.financial
应用性
Ⅲ.1.insistedthat we (should)makeful use of
everyminute
2.shouldertheresponsibilityof
3.reachedthesameconclusion
4.behavewel/ourselves
5.sothattheycanfindthebestsolution
综合性
Ⅰ.A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.分类对我们的
日常生活至关重要.然而在分类技术机器学习过程中,
分类既要积极的数据,也需要消极的数据,而消极的数
据在很多情况下是很难获得的.现在科学家能用分类
技术使机器学习如何只识别积极的数据.
1.A [细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句可知,计算
机 是 通 过 学 习 分 类 边 界 来 区 分 积 极 数 据 和 消 极 数
据的.]
2.D [细节理解题.根据第二段第一句可知,在学习过
程中,这项技术既需要积极的数据,也需要消极的数
据,而消极的数据在很多情况下是很难获得的,进而
后面举例说明了为什么消极的数据很难获得.]
3.B [词义猜测题.根据画线词组前一句中 “butwe
havemadeitpossibleforcomputerstolearnwithonly
positivedata,aslongaswehaveaconfidencescore
forourpositivedata,constructedfrominformation
suchasbuyingintentionortheactiverateofappusG
ers”可推知,使用这种建立信心指数的新方法,我们
就可以让电脑只用积极的数据来学习,故画线词组是
指建立信心指数.]
4.B [标题归纳题.通读全文可知,分类对我们的日
常生活至关重要.然而在分类技术机器学习过程中,
分类既要积极的数据,也需要消极的数据,而消极的
数据在很多情况下是很难获得的.现在科学家能用
分类技术使机器学习只识别积极的数据.]
B.[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.主要介绍了开放式
教育的特点,解释了一些学生喜欢它的原因.但是开放
式的教育也许不如在传统的课堂上能够让学生有约束,
学到更多的东西.
5.C [细节理解题.根据第一段中 ThiswayofteachG
ingalowsthestudentstogrowaspeople,andtodeG
veloptheirowninterestsinmanysubjects.可知,开放
式教育可以让学生们发展自己的兴趣爱好.]
6.A [细节理解题.根据第二段中Forsomestudents,
therearetoofewrules.Thesestudentswildolittlein
school.可知,开放式教育几乎没有约束.]
7.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中Thelastpointabout
openeducationisthatsometraditionalteachersdonot
likeit.ManyteachersdonotbelieveinopeneducaG
tion.Teacherswhowanttohaveanopenclassroom
mayhavemanyproblemsattheirschools.可知,D选
项在文中没有提及.]
8.A [主旨大意题.本文主要阐述我们对于开放式教
育不应该满盘接受,开放式教育的理念在执行上是有
一定困难的.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 文章主要从几个方面讲述了教育的重
要性.
1.A [根据空后的“youcertainlyneedtogeteducated.
Educationisamustforapromisingandsecurefuture
andastablelife”可知,空处应说明为什么要获得教
育,再结合选项可知,A项“为了享有幸福以及社会提
供的其他美好事物”承接下文,符合语境,故选 A.]
2.C [根据空前的“Generaly,anuneducatedmanwil
findithardertoexpresshisviewsandopinionsowing
tolackofconfidence.”可知,此处举例说明教育能赋
予人表达自己观点的自信.C 项与空前内容形成对
比,符合语境.故选C.]
3.D [根据空后的“Youcanguarantee(确保)stability
infinancebecauseoflandingagoodjob.”可知,此处
在论述受教育和找工作的关系.D项“受过教育的人
会在有更多选择的基础上获得高薪的工作”承上启
下,符合文意,故选 D.]
4.E [空处所在句为本段主旨句.根据空后的“ItconG
tributestodoingawaywiththeexistingdifferences
between differentsocialclasses.Itopensa whole
worldofopportunitiesforthepoorsothattheymay
haveanequalshotatwelGpaidjobs.Educationalso
hasamajorroleinwomensemployment.”可知,本段
29
选择性必修第二册(BSD)
主要讲述教育有助于消除社会的不平等,包括为贫困
的人提供获得高薪工作的机会,在女性就业方面发挥
作用等,故E项“如果你想看到一个公正和谐的社会”
符合语境,故选E.]
5.F [根据空前 的“Thesocietyexpectsyoutogoto
schoolfolowedbybuildingacareer.”以及空后的“An
educatedpersoncertainly hasagreaterchanceto
makecontributionstohiscommunityandparticipate
intheongoingchangesanddevelopmentofthesocieG
ty.”可知,空处应该是讲社会、人与受教育之间的辩证
关系,F项“事实上,教育帮助你成为一个对社会有用
的成员”承上启下,符合语境,故选F.]
Ⅲ.[语篇解读] 本文简要介绍了海伦凯勒的成长
经历.
1.caught [考查时态.根据时间状语In1882可知,此
处应用一般过去时.]
2.or [考查并列连词.这里是否定句,表示海伦凯勒
看不见也听不到.故应用or连接两个并列成分.]
3.Luckily [考查副词.根据语境可知,此处表示“幸运
地,幸好”,应用副词修饰后面的句子.]
4.which [考查关系代词.此处为定语从句,空处指代
先行词signs,作介词短语 bymeansof的宾语,所以
填 which.]
5.torealize [考查非谓语动词.cometodosth.“开始
有某种感觉/意见”,故填torealize.]
6.restrictions [考 查 名 词 复 数.根 据 从 句 谓 语 动 词
were可知,此处应该用名词的复数形式.]
7.unbearable [考查形容词.根据空前的 was可知,空
处应用形容词作表语;由语境可知,此处应表示“无法
忍受的”,故填unbearable.]
8.Helped [考查非谓语动词.help和句子的主语she
之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词Ged形式作状
语,故填 Helped.]
9.in [考查介词.根据语境可知,此处表示“用语
言”,应用介词in.]
10.achievement [考查名词.根据空前的amajor可
知,此 处 应 用 名 词 单 数.achievement 意 为 “成
绩,成就”.]
SECTIONⅤ
基础性
Ⅰ.1.universe 2.urged 3.respected 4.approved
5.vital 6.worthy 7.conventional 8.assumption
9.beneficial 10.inefficient
Ⅱ.1.to/for 2.Assuming 3.inspired inspiring
4.being 5.beingpraised 6.toapprove 7.approval
8.beneficial
应用性
Ⅲ.1.Withaltheworkdone 2.whatitwouldbelike
3.tendtofeelhappy 4.thatwasnotapprovedof
5.urgingdriversnottotravel 6.Itisobvioustothe
studentsthat
Ⅳ.1.questions 2.understanding 3.a 4.scientific
5.toignore 6.respected 7.But 8.constantly
9.words 10.once
综合性
Ⅰ.A.[语篇解读] 本文介绍了教授学生书写的重要性
和必要性.尽管现代社会已经有了快速的打字技术,但
是书写仍然不可或缺,书写能够活跃大脑,激发想法等.
1.D [细节理解题.根据第一段中“Afterone...onthe
board,”可知,这位老师发现有些学生不认识她黑板上
写的字,故选 D项.]
2.B [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段 中“Otherswhoare
againstitclaimthathandwritinghasbecomeoutof
timeinourmodernworld.”可知,一些反对的人认为
书写在现代社会已经过时了,不流行了.故选B项.]
3.B [推理判断题.根据倒数第二段可知,该段讲的是
书写对大脑的益处,共四点.故选B项.]
4.A [词义猜测题.根据“Peoplearealsomorelikely
torememberwhattheywritebyhandthanwhatthey
type”可知,书写的人们更容易记住他们写的东西,也
就是说他们在写的过程中大脑是在运转的,也就是会
激发一些想法,所以stimulate意为“激发,引起”.故
选 A项.]
B.[语篇解读] 文章讲述的是5G网络在英国的各个区
进行试点,以及5G网络和4G网络之间的联系,对于5G
的普及不同的人持不同的看法并提出了应对措施,介绍
了5G的“优”势,同时也说明了5G的全面覆盖还要经过
几年才能实现.
5.D [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 四 段 中 “Prof.Wiliam
Webbhas...anewtechnology.”可知,Prof.Wiliam
Webb说“这项技术可能是皇帝新衣的一个例子”是因
为他更愿意把更多的钱花在4G网络上.故选 D.]
6.B [词 义 猜 测 题.根 据 第 四 段 中 “Otherdifferent
voiceshavesuggestedthat...wouldbemorebenefiG
cialtotheUKasawhole.”“其他不同的声音表示,集
中精力推广更广泛的农村宽带接入,解决目前的网络
覆盖问题,将对整个英国更有利.”可推知画线词的意
思是“试图解决”.故选B.]
7.A [推理判断题.根据最后一段最后一句可知,让
5G在英国向公众开放需要几年的时间.故选 A.]
39
参考答案
SECTIONⅣ LESSON2
[基础性]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The main (目 的)ofthis
meetingistogivemoreinformationon
ourplans.
2.Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,but
noteveryonehasthecourageanddeG
terminationto (追求)it.
3.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofreading
booksisitsabilitytodevelopyour
(批判的)thinkingskils.
4.ItattractstravelerstocomeovertocyG
cleandwalkthroughthe
(周边的)forests.
5.Hehasno (责任)for
thataccident.
6.Fewpeoplerealizedthe
(重要性)ofthediscovery.
7.Dontletyour (判断)be
colouredbypersonalfeelings.
8.Theprogrammeaffordsyoungpeople
thechanceto (获得)workexG
perience.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Wewanttoexposethekids as
muchartandcultureaspossible.
2.Inno wayamIresponsible
whathashappened.
3.Idohopeeverybodycanbecomethe
backboneofournationandmakegreat
(contribute)tothe
society!
4.Thereislittle (asG
sess)ofthedamagetothenaturalenviG
ronment.
5.Whatcanweconclude theconG
versation?
6.ThecompanyisdependentongovernG
ment (finance)help.
[应用性]
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Theheadmaster
topreparefor
themidGexam.
校长坚持认为应该充分利用每分钟准
备期中考试.
2.Itistimeforusto
protectingtheenvironment.
是时候让我们承担保护环境的责任了.
3.Thescientists
aftertheexperiment.
科学家们在那次实验后得出了相同的
结论.
4.Ifwe ,we
would be popularamong classmates
andourteachersarelikelytocommuniG
catewithus.
如果我们举止得体,我们在同学中就受
欢迎,老师也愿意和我们交流.
5.Theteamareworkinghardtoanalyze
theproblem
.
这个团队正在努力分析这个问题,以便
找到最佳的解决方案.
83
选择性必修第二册(BSD)
[综合性]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Classifyingthingsiscriticalforour
dailylives.Forexample,wehavetodeG
tectspammail(垃圾邮件),falsepolitical
news.WhenweuseAI,suchtasksare
basedon “classificationtechnology”in
machinelearning-havingthecomputer
learn,usingtheboundaryseparatingposG
itiveand negative data.Forexample,
“positive”datawouldbephotosincluding
ahappyface,and“negative”dataphotos
includeasadface.Onceaclassification
boundaryislearned,thecomputercan
determinewhetheracertaindataisposiG
tiveornegative.
However,the difficulty with this
technologyisthatitrequiresbothpositive
andnegativedataforthelearningprocess,
and negative dataare notavailablein
manycases.Forinstance,whenaretailer
(零 售 商)istryingtopredictwhowil
makeapurchase,theycaneasilyfinddaG
taoncustomerswhohavepurchasedfrom
them (positivedata),butitisbasicaly
impossibletoobtaindataoncustomers
who have never purchasedfrom them
(negativedata),sincetheydonothave
accesstotheircompetitorsdata.
Accordingtolead author Takashi
IshidafromRIKENAIP,“PreviousclasG
sificationmethodscouldnotcopewiththe
situation wherenegativedata werenot
available,butwehavemadeitpossible
forcomputerstolearnwithonlypositive
data,aslongas wehaveaconfidence
scoreforourpositivedata,constructed
frominformationsuchasbuyingintention
ortheactiverateofappusers.Usingour
newmethod,wecanletcomputerslearn
aclassifieronlyfrompositivedataequipped
withconfidence.”
AccordingtoIshida,“Thisdiscovery
couldexpandtherangeofapplications
whereclassificationtechnologycanbeused.
Eveninfieldswheremachinelearninghas
been actively used, our classification
technologycouldbeusedinnewsituaG
tions where only positive datacan be
gatheredduetodataregulationorbusiG
nessconstraints(限制).InthenearfuG
ture,wehopetoputourtechnologyto
useinvariousresearchfields,suchas
naturallanguage processing,computer
vision,robotics,andbioinformatics.”
1.Howcanthecomputerdistinguishthe
positivedatafromthenegativedata?
A.BylearningtheclassificationboundG
ary.
B.ByupdatingthedatacolectedreguG
larly.
C.Byseparatinghappyfacesandsad
ones.
D.ByintroducingclassificationtechnolG
ogy.
93
UNIT5 EDUCATION
2.WhyistheexamplementionedinParaG
graph2?
A.Toprovehowimportantthepositive
dataare.
B.Toconfirmthatdataoncustomers
arecomplete.
C.To arguethatretailers gettheir
competitorsdata.
D.Toexplain whynegativedataare
hardtoacquire.
3.Whatdotheunderlined words “new
method”inParagraph3referto?
A.Analyzingbuyingintention.
B.Buildingaconfidencescore.
C.AssessingtheactiverateofappusG
ers.
D.EquippingthecomputerwithconfiG
dence.
4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.TheHistoryofClassificationTechG
nology
B.SmarterAI:MachineLearningwithG
outNegativeData
C.BiggerData:ComputersAssistingLanG
guageProcessing
D.The Comparison between Positive
DataandNegativeData
B
Therearesomeverygoodthings
aboutopeneducation.ThiswayofteachG
ingalowsthestudentstogrowaspeoG
ple,andtodeveloptheirowninterestsin
many subjects.Open education alows
studentstoberesponsiblefortheirown
education,asthey areresponsiblefor
whattheydoinlife.
SomestudentsdobadlyinatradiG
tionalclassroom.Theopenclassroommay
alow them to enjoy learning.Some
studentswilbehappierinanopeneducaG
tionschool.Theywilnothavetoworry
aboutgradesorrules.Forstudentswho
worryaboutthesethingsalot,itisa
goodideatobeinanopenclassroom.But
manystudentswilnotdowelinanopen
classroom.Forsomestudents,thereare
toofewrules.Thesestudentswildolittle
inschool.Theywilnotmakegooduseof
openeducation.Becauseopeneducationis
sodifferentfrom traditionaleducation,
thesestudentsmayhaveaproblemgetG
tingusedtomakingsomanychoices.For
manystudentsitisimportantto have
somerulesintheclassroom.Theyworry
abouttherulesevenwhenthereareno
rules.Evenafewruleswilhelpthiskind
ofstudents.ThelastpointaboutopenedG
ucationisthatsometraditionalteachers
donotlikeit.ManyteachersdonotbeG
lievein open education.Teachers who
wanttohaveanopenclassroommayhave
manyproblemsattheirschools.Younow
knowwhatopeneducationis.
04
选择性必修第二册(BSD)
Someofits good pointsand bad
pointshavebeenexplained.Youmayhave
yourownopinionaboutopeneducation.
Thewriterthinksthatopeneducationisa
goodidea,butonlyintheory.Inactual
fact,itmaynotworkverywelinareal
classorschool.Thewriterbelievesthat
moststudents,but ofcourse not al
students,wantsomestructuresintheir
classes.They wantand need to have
rules.Insomecases,theymustbemade
tostudysomesubjects.Manystudents
arepleasedtofindsubjectstheyhaveto
studyinteresting.Theywouldnotstudy
somesubjectsiftheydidnothaveto.
5.Openeducationalowsthestudentsto
.
A.growastheeducated
B.beresponsiblefortheirfuture
C.developtheirowninterests
D.discoversubjectsoutsideclass
6.Somestudentswildolittleinanopen
classroombecause .
A.therearetoofewrules
B.theyhateactivities
C.theyaretiredoflearning
D.theyworryabouttherules
7.WhichofthefolowingisNOT menG
tionedinthepassage?
A.Sometraditionalteachersdonotlikeit.
B.Manyteachersdonotbelieveinopen
education.
C.Teachersmayhaveproblemsinopen
classrooms.
D.Theteachersfeelingsandattitudes
areimportanttothestudents.
8.WhichofthefolowingbestsummariG
zesthepassage?
A.Openeducationisarealycomplex
idea.
B.OpeneducationisbetterthantradiG
tionaleducation.
C.Teachersdislikeopeneducation.
D.ThewriterthinksthatopeneducaG
tionisagoodideainpractice.
Ⅱ.七选五
Educationisasimportantastheair
everyonebreathes.Itisthemostvaluable
treasureapersonmusthave. 1 ,
youcertainlyneedtogeteducated.EduG
cationisamustforapromisingandseG
curefutureandastablelife.
YoureducationaldegreeisconsidG
eredasaproofofyourknowledgeby
many.Ifyouareeducatedyouhavemore
chancesofbeingheardandtakenseriousG
ly.Generaly,anuneducated man wil
findithardertoexpresshisviewsand
opinionsowingtolackofconfidence.
2 .
Moreover,educationisofgreathelp
ifyouwanttobeaselfGdependentperson.
Anditbenefitsyouinalotofaspectsin
thelife. 3 .Youcanguarantee
(确 保)stabilityinfinancebecauseof
landingagoodjob.
14
UNIT5 EDUCATION
4 ,educationisanecessity.
ItcontributestodoingawaywiththeexG
istingdifferencesbetweendifferentsocial
classes.ItopensawholeworldofopporG
tunitiesforthepoorsothatthey may
haveanequalshotatwelGpaidjobs.EduG
cationalsohasamajorroleinwomens
employment.
Wealliveinasocietywhichhasits
ownspokenorunspokensetrulesandone
ofthemiseducation.Thesocietyexpects
youtogotoschoolfolowedbybuildinga
career. 5 .Aneducatedperson
certainlyhasagreaterchanceto make
contributionstohiscommunityandparG
ticipateintheongoingchangesanddevelG
opmentofthesociety.
A.Toenjoyhappinessandothergood
thingsthesocietyoffers
B.Themoreeducatedyouare,thebetter
choicesyouhave
C.EducationgivesyouconfidencetoexG
pressyourvoice
D.EducatedpeoplewilgetwelGpaidjobs
basedonmorechoices
E.Ifyouwanttoseethesocietyasajust
andharmoniousplace
F.Infact,educationhelpsyoubecomea
usefulmemberofthesociety
G.Educationisafactorthatcontributes
tothecommunityspeace
Ⅲ.语法填空
In1882,at19 monthsold,Helen
Kelerunfortunately1. (catch)a
disease.Shesurvivedbutthediseaseleft
itsmark-shecouldnolongersee2.
hear.Itwasasifshehadbeen
thrownintoadarkprisoncel.3.
(luck),Helenwasnotsomeonewhogave
upeasily.Shebegantoexploretheworld
byusingothersenses.BytheageofsevG
en,shehadinventedover60different
signsbymeansof4. shecould
communicatewithherfamily.
Withdayspassingby,Helencame
5. (realize)thatshewasdifferG
entfromothersandthattherewerealot
of6. (restriction)onhercomG
munication.Thismadehersoangrythat
herbehaviour wasoften7.
(bear).Eventualy,itbecameclearthat
somethinghadtobedone.So,justbeG
foreherseventh birthday,hersuperb
teacher,AnneSulivancametoherlife.
8. (help)byherteacher,she
gradualy became gentle andlearntto
readandwrite9. Braile (盲
文).Besides,sheevenlearnttospeak,
whichwasamajor10. (achieve)
forsomeonewhocouldnotspeakatal.
Helen madecontinualeffortstogo
deeperintothekingdom ofknowledge,
andherperseverance(坚持不懈)paidoff
atlast.
24
选择性必修第二册(BSD)