内容正文:
SECTIONⅢ GRAMMAR
被动语态
语境美文 语法感悟
Mynewflat1.hasjust
beenfinishedandhanded
overtome.It2.isbeing
decoratedbysomeworkG
ers.The wals 3.are
painted white, which
looksneatandtidy.Some
new furniture4.wil be
broughtinandsomefresh
home plants,such as
flowersandorangetrees
5.aretobebought.When
thedecoration6.hasbeen
completed, our happy
family wil movein.My
closefriends7.wilbeinG
vitedtothenewflatwhen
a dinner party wil be
held.
(1)被动语态表示
主语是谓语动词
的 承 受 者 或 受
事者.
(2)被动语态都必
须有be和done.
(3)被动语态与时
态融合使用,不会
独立存在.
(4)从美文中可以
看出:
1和 6 是 现 在 完
成时的被动语态.
2是 现 在 进 行 时
的被动语态.
3是 一 般 现 在 时
的被动语态.
4、5 和 7 是 将 来
时的被动语态.
语态是动词的一种形式.英语中语态只有
两种,即主动语态和被动语态.表示主语和
谓语之间是“施事”还是“受事”关系,即:“执
行”还是“承受”的关系.被动语态是指动作
的承受者在句中作主语,“遭受”到某种动
作,相当于中文中人们常说的“被”的句
式.其基本构成:be+过去分词.
被动语态往往与动词时态和主谓一致结合
考查.
Ⅰ.基本构成
时间 构成
一般式 be(am/is/are、was/were)done
完成式 have/has/hadbeendone
进行式
be(am/is/are/was/were)beG
ingdone
完成进行式 have/has/hadbeenbeingdone
将来式
wil/wouldbedone
be(am/is/are/was/were)to
bedone
Laura,youarewantedonthephone.
劳拉,有人打电话找你.
Theboywasbroughtupinthecountryside.
这个小男孩是在农村抚养大的.
Whenwiltheschoolsportsmeetingbeheld?
什么时候举行学校运动会?
Hesaidtheworkwouldbefinishedinaweek.
他说这项工作将在一周内完成.
Hastheprojectbeencompleted?
这项工程已经完成了吗?
Ⅱ.基本用法
1.一般现在时的被动语态
基本构成:am/is/aredone,表示动作的常态
或重复.
常与时间状语always,usualy,often,nowaG
days,everyday等连用.
TheclassroomiscleanedbyusstudentsafG
terschoolintheafternooneveryday.
我们的教室每天下午放学后由我们学生打扫.
Suchsongsareusualysungbygirls.
这类歌曲通常由女孩子们唱.
◆[即学活用]———句型转换
①Manypeoplevisitthecityeveryday.
→ by manypeople
everyday.
78
UNIT3 CELEBRATIONS
②WedontalowthestudentstocarrymoG
bilephonestotheschool.
→ tocarry mobile
phonestotheschool.
③Whendoyouusualydothechemistry
experiments?
→When done?
2.一般过去时的被动语态
基本构成:was/weredone,表示动作发生在
过去 某 时,常 与 时 间 状 语 yesterday,last
year,daysago,theotherday,in+年份等
连用.
Thewindowwasbrokenbymylittleson.
昨天,窗户被我儿子打破了.
Weremanytreesplantedonthehil last
year?
去年山上种了许多树吗?
◆[即学活用]———句型转换
①TheygaveAmyawarm welcomewhen
shereturnedtothevilagelastweek.
→Amy when
returningtothevilagelastweek.
②Whendidtheyfindthelostring?
→When by
them?
③Theyboughtanewcarlastweek.
→ bythemlast
week.
④Didtheauthorpublishhisnewnovellast
year?
→ bytheauthorlast
year?
3.现在进行时的被动语态
基本构成:am/is/arebeingdone,表示动作
在此时此刻或近一段时间发生,常用时间状
语有now,atpresent,nowadays等.
Ahospitalisbeingbuiltinthecentreofthe
town.
镇中心正在修建一家医院.
Howisthenewteachingmethodbeingtried
inyourschoolnow?
现在在你校是怎样试行这种新教学方法的?
◆[即学活用]———完成句子
① welenough
nowadays.
目前一些动物没有受到很好的保护.
② acrossthe
rivernow?
现在正在修建一座跨河大桥吗?
4.过去进行时的被动语态
基本构成:was/werebeingdone,表示“某动
作”在过去某个时间点或某个时间段发生,
常 用 时 间 状 语 then,atthistime,last
Friday等.
ThehousewasbeingpaintedwhenwearG
rivedathishome.
我们到他家时,他家的房子正在粉刷.
WastheTVsetbeingfixedatthistimeyesG
terday?
昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗?
◆[即学活用]———完成句子
① intheparkatthis
timeyesterday?
昨天这个时候正在公园拍那部电影吗?
②Theproblemraisedbytheteacher
whenIjoinedthem.
当我加入到他们时,他们正在讨论老师提出
的那个问题.
5.现在完成时的被动语态
基本构成:has/havebeendone表示“某动
作”已经完成,并产生效果.
常用时间状语有:already,uptonow,reG
cently,in/during/over the past/recent
years,bynow,sofar,yet等.
Theradiohasnotbeenturnedonyet.
收音机还没有打开.
Hasanewtrainingcentrebeensetupinour
town?
我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗?
◆[即学活用]———单句语法填空
①Despitethepreviousrounds(先前几轮)
talks,noagreement
(reach)sofarbythetwosides.
88
英语必修第一册(BS)
②Modern methodsoftrackingpolarbear
populations (employ)
onlysincethemidG1980s,...
6.过去完成时的被动语态
基本构成:hadbeendone,表示“到过去某
时”已完成的动作,常用于间接引语中.
Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshad
just one phone at home,and wireless
phoneshadntbeeninventedyet.
在20世纪50年代的美国,大多数家庭家里
只有 一 部 手 机,而 那 时 无 线 电 话 还 没 有
普及.
Shetoldmethatshehadbeendismissedby
herboss.
她告诉我,她已被老板解雇了.
◆[即学活用]———单句语法填空
①Iftheworkers (organG
ize)better,theywouldhaveaccomplished
(完成)thetaskinhalfthetime.
②Themantoldmemyletter
(post)justbeforeIarrived.
③About5000Englishwords
(learn)bytheendoflastterm.
7.一般将来时的被动语态
基本构成:wil/shalbedone表示“将来某
时间”发生的动作.
常用 时 间 状 语 tomorrow,nextyear,this
evening,thedayaftertomorrow等.
Theworkwilbedoneimmediately.
这项工作将马上展开.
Wiltheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnext
week?
校运动会将在下星期举行吗?
WhenshalwebegivenalectureontheInG
ternet?
什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座?
◆[即学活用]———单句语法填空
①KnowinganexhibitionofChinesepaintG
ing (hold)atthegalery(画廊)
nextmonth,Iam writingtoapplyforthe
chancetobecomeavolunteer.
②Im delightedtoinform youthatthis
yearsmusicfestival (hold)shortly.
③Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardon
theirlessonsandtheireffortswilbe
(reward)withsuccessintheend.
8.过去将来时的被动语态
基本构成:wouldbedone表示“在过去某
时”将要发生的动作,常用于间接引语中.
Hesaidthatanewtradecenterwouldbe
builtinthecentreofthecity.
他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来.
Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthe
screentheywouldberewardedwithseven
dropsofwaterorjuice.
如果猴子触摸屏幕的左边,它们就会得到7
滴水或果汁的奖励.
◆[即学活用]———单句语法填空
①HetoldmethatanEnglishspeechcomG
petition (organize)the
nextweek.
②Sheaskedjustnow whethertheirplan
(consider)withgreat
care.
③AtthattimeIwassureI
(invite)tothepartythenextday.
9.将来完成时的被动语态
基本构成:wil/shal havebeendone 表示
“到将来某时”已完成的动作,常用时间状语
bytomorrow,bytheendofnextyear,by
thistimenextyear等.
HowmanyexpresswayswilhavebeencomG
pletedbytheendofnextyear?
到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路?
Thebookwil havebeentranslatedbythe
endofnextmonth.
这本书到下月末将翻译完毕.
◆[即学活用]———单句语法填空
①Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5GterG
minals (instal)by2025.
②Tenmorecommunities(小区,社区)
(build)bytheyear2025.
学习至此,请完成配套训练
98
UNIT3 CELEBRATIONS
SECTIONⅡ LESSON1
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.gathering 2.account 3.summarise 4.attach
5.throughout 6.custom 7.tradition 8.decorate
拓展单词
1.immediately;immediate 2.expectant;expect;expectation
3.scare;scared;scary 4.surround;surrounding;surG
roundings 5.retired;retire;retirement
重点短语
1.up 2.off 3.away 4.down 5.away 6.to 7.on
框架句型
1.themoment 2.Itwasmyfirsttimespending 3.what
weeat
课文篇章理解
Ⅰ.
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D
Ⅱ.
1.clean 2.attach 3.fireworks 4.tickets 5.sweater
6.accents 7.tasty 8.family 9.eat 10.run
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①immediate ②Immediately ③Immediately she
hadgone
2.①举起 ②建造 ③抬高,提高 ④张贴,公布
⑤为提供食宿
3.①valuewhatwehave ②gavehimavaluableclue
③wasofnovalue
4.①off ②werelet ③alone ④of ⑤down ⑥in
⑦out
5.①accounts ②an ③for ④On ⑤Onnoaccountcan
we ⑥gaveanaccurateaccountof
6.①summarised ②To ③In ④a ⑤of
7.①attachgreatimportance ②isattachedtotheuniversiG
ty ③attachedhimselftome
8.①issurrounded ②surrounding ③surroundings
④surrounded
9.①retires ②wilretire ③retired ④retirement
重点句型
1.①hasmet ②hadperformed ③thatwehavegottoG
gether
2.①Thefirsttime ②thefirsttimehesawherdancing
③Themoment/instant/minutehereached
SECTIONⅢ GRAMMAR
语法体悟精析
被动语态
语法规则
Ⅱ.
1.①Thecityisvisited ②Thestudentsarentalowed
③thechemistryexperimentsare
2.①wasgivenawarmwelcome ②wasthelostringfound
③Anewcarwasbought ④ WashisnewnovelpubG
lished
3.①Someanimalsarentbeingprotected ②Isanew
bridgebeingbuilt
4.①Wasthefilmbeingmade ②wasbeingdiscussed
5.①hasbeenreached ②havebeenemployed
6.①hadbeenorganized ②hadbeenposted ③had
beenlearned
7.①wilbeheld ②wilbeheld ③rewarded
8.①wouldbeorganized ②wouldbeconsidered ③would
beinvited
9.①wilhavebeeninstaled ②wilhavebeenbuilt
SECTIONⅣ LESSON2
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.wedding 2.teenager 3.studio 4.specific 5.extend
6.neat 7.suit 8.effort 9.represent
拓展单词
1.greet;greeting;greetings 2.appropriate;appropriately
3.fortunate;fortunately
重点短语
1.in 2.into 3.todo 4.in 5.for 6.as 7.an 8.up
框架句型
1.inwhichyoumayfacesomeunexpectedchalenges
2.whattodo
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①greeting ②wasgreeted ③greeteachotherwith
④togreet ⑤sendshergreetings
2.①AsfarasIknow/AsfarasIamconcerned ②Asfar
asIknow ③asfarasIremember
3.①toescape ②In ③makingeveryeffort;sparingnoefG
fort
4.①representtherailway ②torepresentourschool
③永远不要把自己说得完美无缺.
5.①extending ②extending ③to ④an ⑤extension
⑥extensive
6.①fortune ②fortune ③fortunate ④fortunately
重点句型
1.①forwhichthetownisfamous ②aboutwhichour
classmatesoftentalk ③ofwhichnoneofustooknotice
2.①howtosolvetheproblem ②howtooperatethemaG
chine ③whentoleaveforBeijing ④whotoaskfor
help ⑤whattobuyformymother
SECTIONⅤ LESSON3
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.somehow 2.pole 3.envelope 4.stuff 5.frosty
6.branch 7.merry 8.wave 9.affair
拓展单词
1.memory;memorable;memorize 2.slightly;slight 3.paG
tience;patient;patiently 4.behaviour;behave
重点短语
1.in 2.and 3.eye 4.away 5.out 6.longer 7.in
8.to
框架句型
1.somuchpudding;that 2.whomakessugarbiscuitseveryyear
3.folowedbyChristmaspudding
511
参考答案