内容正文:
SECTIONⅢ GRAMMAR
非谓语动词(Ⅰ)———动词不定式
语境美文 语法感悟
Ihavejustgotanewstartat
seniorschoolandImdetermined
1.todowelineverysubject.
Mygoalis2.tobeadmitG
tedbyakeyuniversityandexG
pect3.toworkforourmother
landinthefutureaftergraduaG
tionfromcolege.4.Toachieve
mydream,Imusttrymybest
5.topreparemyselfforalthe
new chalenges. So every
morningIamalwaysthefirst
6.togetupinthemorningand
readaloudintheclassroom.Itis
importantandnecessary7.totake
notes.MyEnglishteacheroften
encouragesme8.tofacechalenges
bravely,whichgivesmestrength
(力量)andenergy(精力).Ilook
forwardtosuccess.Wishmegood
luck,friends!
1.文中的黑
体部分作主
语的是:7
2.文中的黑
体部分作宾
语的是:1,3
3.文中的黑
体部分作表
语的是:2
4.文中的黑
体部分作状
语的是:4,5
5.文中的黑
体部分作定
语的是:6
6.文中的黑
体部分作宾
语补足语的
是:8
动词不定式是动词一种非限定形式的特殊形
式,属于非谓语动词的一种形式,在句中不能
作谓语,通常前面带有小品词to,有时根据必
要形式to也要省略.动词不定式没有人称和
数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式表
示动作或状态,与其逻辑主语构成主谓关系,
即其动作的执行者是其逻辑上的主语.
1.基本构成
不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式三种时
态,且具有主动和被动之分,其否定形式是
nottodo.
语态
时态
主动 被动
一般式 (not)todo (not)tobedone
完成式
(not)to
havedone
(not)tohave
beendone
进行式 (not)tobedoing —
完成
进行式
(not)to have
beendoing
—
(1)不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示
的动作作主语时一般没有时间先后顺序.
(2)不定式的完成式表示的动作一般发生在谓
语动词之前,强调动作的发生在谓语之前.
(3)不定式的进行式表示的动作一般与谓语动
词同时进行.
Weagreedto meethere,buthehasnt
turnedupsofar.
我们约定再次见面,但到现在他还未露面.
Itsnicetobesittingherewithyou.
和你一起坐在这儿真好.
Theoldmanmadeanattempttostandup.
老人试图站起来.
Theyrequiredusnottojumptheline.
他们要求我们不要插队.
2.基本用法
不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的功能,因
此在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语
和宾语(主语)补充语.
(1)作主语
动词不定式在句中作主语,相当于名词或
代词,往往用形式主语it代替,将不定式置
于句末,主要目的是平衡句子,避免头重脚
轻不平衡现象.
Itisourdutytotakecareoftheold.
照顾好老人是我们的责任.
Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?
你花了多长时间完成这项工作?
41
英语必修第一册(BS)
(2)作宾语
动词不定式在句中作宾语,也相当于名词
或代词,也可用形式宾语it代替,但不能作
介词宾语,如果其前有疑问词时,即“疑问
词+todo”结构可作介词的宾语.
Talkwithfriendsaboutwheretoshop.
与朋友讨论去哪购物.
IfounditinterestingtolearnaforeignlanG
guage.
我发现学习一门外语很有趣.
ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.
我经过时她假装没看见我.
◆[规律总结]
只接不定式不接动名词作宾语的动词常见的
有下列词汇:
记忆口诀 英语词汇
决心学会向希望
decide/determine,learn,
want,hope/expect/wish
拒绝设法愿假装 refuse,manage,care,pretend
提供答应选计划 offer,promise,choose,plan
同意准备求帮忙 agree,prepare,ask/beg,help
碰巧等待两渴望 happen,wait,desire/long
此外,afford(负担得起),arrange(安排),deG
mand(要求),threaten(威胁)等后要跟不定式
作宾语.
(3)作表语
不定式作表语可以表示主语的具体内容、
目的等,从时态角度分析,一般多指将来发
生的事.
Hisdreamistobealawyer.
他的梦想是成为一名律师.
Mymainpurposeistohelphimout.
我的主要目的是帮助他摆脱困境.
(4)作定语
不定式作定语要放在被修饰词的后面,一
般表示将来的动作;有时受一些词的限制,
也表一般说明或修饰,没有时间的概念.
Heislookingforaroomtolivein.
他在寻找一间居住的房子.
Working parents usualy dont have
enoughtimetostaywiththeirchildren.
职业父母通常没有足够的时间同孩子在
一起.
A gentleform ofexercise wil increase
yourabilitytorelax.
舒缓的运动锻炼会提高自我放松的能力.
(5)作状语
不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的和结
果等.
SheburstintolaughtertoseehisfunnyacG
tion.
看到他滑稽的动作,她大笑起来.(原因)
Tomakefriendseasily,youneedtobevery
kind.
要想很容易地交朋友,你需要友善.(目的)
Shereturnedonlytofindthatnoonewas
athome.
她回到家,结果发现家里一个人也没有.
(结果)
Thechildisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.
这个孩子够大了,可以照顾自己.(结果)
(6)作补足语
不定式可以作宾语补足语,有些动词后用
不带to的不定式,有些动词后用带to的不
定式,还有的带不带to都可以.句子由主
动语态变为被动语态,宾语补足语相应变
为主语补足语.作主语补足语时,一般不
可以省略to.
Youarenotalowedtosmokehere.
这里不允许吸烟.
Thedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuch
meat.
医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉.
Isawhimgointotheroomjustnow.
刚才我看到他走进了房间.
ThesepicturesmademethinkofmychildG
hood.
这些照片使我想起了我的童年.
Hewasmadetosayso.
他被迫这样说.
51
UNIT1 LIFECHOICES
◆[规律总结]
能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足
语的动词有:
记忆口诀 英语词汇
请求建议使强迫ask,advise,get,force
告诉允许想希望
tel,alow/permit, want/
mean,wish
喜欢讨厌令请求
like,hate,order/instruct,reG
quest/ask/beg/demand
打算期望宁说服
intend,expect,prefer,perG
suade
导致警告证认为cause,warn,prove,consider
鼓励猜想两发现
encourage,suppose,find/disG
cover
[特别提示]
使役动词,感官动词能接不带to的不定式作
宾语补足语,常见的使役动词有 make(使),let
(让),have(强迫)等;感官动词有see(看到),
hear(听到),watch(观 察 到),observe(观 察
到),notice(注意到),feel(感觉)以及lookat
(看),listento(听)等.
(7)与疑问词连用的不定式
不定 式 可 以 与 疑 问 代 词 who,whom,
what,which,whose 及 疑 问 副 词 when,
where,why,how 等连用,构成不定式短
语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分.
Ididntknowhowtogetbacktothevilage.
我不知道怎样回到村子.
Ihaventdecidedwhethertogoabroad.
我还没有决定是否出国.
Hecanshowyouwheretogetthebook.
他可以给你指明从哪里得到这本书.
◆[“四翼”考查]———基础性
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Sorry!Ididntmean (hurt)you.
2.Ifounditdifficult (fal)asleepin
suchahotday.
3.Haveyouhappened
(heard)thatImgoingtostudyinAmerica.
4.Hiseagerness (get)backhome
wasquiteobvious.
5.Itisstupidofyou (write)down
everythingthattheteachersays.
6.Heisoldenough (join)thearmy.
7.Hisnewideawas (have)adisG
cussionabouttheplan.
8.Theyfoundtheanswer (be)a
bestone.
◆[“四翼”考查]———创新性
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.参加脱口秀比赛真有趣.
2.想过上幸福生活,一个人应该保持乐观的
态度.
3.他拒绝参加我们的讨论.
4.我觉得认识他是一件荣幸的事.
5.这次活动的目的是培养团体精神.
6.为了赶上早班车,他起得很早.
7.老师鼓励我们向困难挑战.
8.老师经常鼓励我们勇敢面对挑战.
Ged/Ging形容词
语境美文 语法感悟
The1.excitingnewscamethat
ourschoolwouldholdasport
meeting.Manystudentswere
2.interested in it and were
3.delighted to show their
strengths.Butwhatwas4.surG
prisingwasthatlittleJackwas
5.worried about his strong
brotherTom.Jacktoldmethat
TomwasweakaftertheoperaG
tion but6.tiredof7.disapG
pointinglife at home. Tom
cametoattendthemeetingas
planned.Though the results
werenot8.satisfying,Tomfelt
9.pleasedand10.satisfied.
从 短 文 中,
我们可以看
出,Ging形容
词 通 常 指
物,Ged形 容
词 通 常 指
人;Ging形容
词通常译为
“令 人
的 ”, 而Ged
形容词通常
译 为 “感 到
的”
61
英语必修第一册(BS)
Ging形容词和Ged形容词是动词非谓语动词
转化过来的形容词,它们完全可以根据原动
词的意义进行形容词意义判断.
1.基本构成
Ged形容词基本意义表示“感到 的”;
Ging形容词基本意义表示“令人的”.
2.基本用法
(1)以Ged结尾的形容词常用来修饰人,表示人
的心理状况,意为“感到的”.有时也
可 修 饰 look/expression(表 情),smile,
tears,voice等词.在句中作表语、定语、状
语及宾语补足语.常见的此类形容词有
excited, moved,interested,surprised,
shocked,disappointed,amused,confused,
astonished,frightened,encouraged,terriG
fied,puzzled,satisfied,touched,bored,embarG
rassed,pleased等.
Butthatshownatureis—alwaysleaving
usastonished.
但是,这就是大自然的样子———总让我们
惊叹不已.
HelookedpuzzledsoIrepeatedthequesG
tion.
他好像没听懂,于是我把问题又重复了
一遍.
Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑.
Hetold methenewsinaveryexcited
voice.
他告诉了我这个消息,声音很激动.
(2)以Ging结尾的形容词,通常表示主语主动
发生的动作,说明主语具有的性质,通常被
译为“使人的;令人的”.在句中
作表语、定语及宾语补足语.常见的此类
形 容 词 有 exciting,moving,interesting,
surprising,shocking,disappointing,amusG
ing,confusing,encouraging,inviting,missG
ing,pressing,promising,puzzling,astonG
ishing,refreshing,striking等.
Igettouchedbyinspiringstoriesandgain
happinessfromexcitingnews.
我感动于鼓舞人心的故事,愉悦于激动人
心的消息.
ItisnotsurprisingthatPEisthekids
favouritesubject!
体育课是孩子们最喜爱的课目是不令人吃
惊的.
Theirschoollivesarenowmoreattractive
andinteresting.
他们的学校生活现在更具吸引力、更有趣.
Thebasketbal matchagainst YucaiSchool
wascloseandexciting.
与育才中学进行的篮球赛比分接近,令人
兴奋.
◆[“四翼”考查]———基础性
单句语法填空
1.Theproblemthatheputforwardwas
(confuse).
2.Shefelt (satisfy)withherperG
formanceonthehighGandGlowbars.
3.Hearingthenews,helooked (disG
appoint).
4.Thetopofthemountainis (covG
er)withsnowalthroughtheyear.
5.Atthesightofthe scene,althe
peoplepresentwere .(move)
6.Theywere tohearthe
sound.(frighten)
学习至此,请完成配套训练
71
UNIT1 LIFECHOICES
参 考 答 案
UNIT1 LIFECHOICES
SECTIONⅠ TOPICTALK
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.senior 2.secondary 3.chalenging 4.previous 5.dyG
namic 6.campus 7.schedule 8.chapter 9.apartment
10.shift 11.leisure 12.plus 13.unfortunately
14.arise
拓展单词
1.chalenge;chalenging 2.differ 3.expectation 4.conG
fidence 5.competence 6.pressure 7.recover 8.injury
重点短语
1.ingroups 2.differin...from... 3.avarietyof
4.serveas 5.alinal 6.putpressureonsb. 7.recover
from 8.ontheplusside 9.getinjured 10.cheersb.on
框架句型
1.wherestudentsalsatinrows
2.Whatisalsoverydifferent;thatstudentsinthesame
classcanhavedifferentclassschedules
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①from ②in ③from ④makeabigdifferencetous
2.①for ②toarrive ③toschedulethemeeting
3.①expectation ②beyond ③areexpectedtofasten
④expecttoomuchof
4.①confident ②with ③Havingconfidenceinyourself
④hadeveryconfidencein
5.①aboveal ②inal ③atal;afteral;aboveal;inal
6.①from ②recovery ③leadingtotherecoveryof
④makeafulrecovery
7.①to ②chalenging ③arealchalengetoher ④chalG
lengedmeto
8.①injury ②injured ③doyourselfaninjury
重点句型
①accepted ②waiting ③if ④totel mesomething
⑤understandingtheproblem
SECTIONⅡ LESSON1
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.lifestyle 2.digital 3.native 4.range 5.quality
6.goal 7.aim 8.target 9.update 10.meanwhile
11.revise 12.ahead
拓展单词
1.voluntary 2.convenient 3.definitely 4.necessity
5.addict 6.vary 7.actual 8.distance
重点短语
1.surftheInternet 2.shopfor 3.fromtimetotime
4.setouttodo 5.accordingto 6.inperson 7.prepare
oneselfforsth. 8.tendtodosth. 9.goahead
框架句型
1.tobeabletocomparethequalityandprices 2.thatI
maynotbeabletotelwhetherthesefriendsarerealfriends
3.doknow 4.makesmeexcited
课文篇章理解
Ⅰ.(Ⅰ)
1.C 2.D
(Ⅱ)
①chattingwithhisfriends ②watchingfilms ③shopping
forvariousthings ④playingcomputergames ⑤worries
andadvice
Ⅱ.(Ⅰ)
1.A 2.C
(Ⅱ)①everysubject ②herdegreeinbiology ③thelongG
distancerunning ④volunteeringclub
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①ranging ②to ③in ④awiderrangeofchoices
2.①with ②variety ③various ④various;avarietyof/
varietiesof
3.①conveniences ②for ③itisconvenientfor/toyou
4.①addiction ②addicted ③an ④Addictedtocomputer
games;Addictinghimselftocomputergames
5.①tohave ②tending ③tendsto/towards ④tending
(to)theinjured ⑤haveatendency
6.①wasaimed ②aimlessly ③achieveourcommonaim
7.①out/off ②todiscuss;up ③down;off ④preparing
8.①relaxed ②standing ③keeppricesfromrising
④Keepondoing ⑤keepputtingoffatask
重点句型
1.①that ②that ③Ihavefoundapieceofinformation
thatourcountryhasjustsentupasatelite. ④Ihaveno
ideawhathedoesandwherehelives.
2.①frightened ②tounderstand ③makemyselfunderG
stood
SECTIONⅢ GRAMMAR
语法体悟精析
非谓语动词(Ⅰ)———动词不定式
Ⅰ.
1.tohurt 2.tofal 3.tohaveheard 4.toget
5.towrite 6.tojoin 7.tohave 8.tobe
Ⅱ.
1.Itsinterestingtojoininatalkshow.
2.Toliveahappylife,oneshouldkeepapositiveattitude.
3.Herefusedtojoininourdiscussion.
4.Ifeelitanhonourtoknowhim.
5.Thepurposeoftheactivityistodevelopthespiritof
teamwork.
6.Hegotupveryearlytocatchthefirstbus.
7.Theteacherencouragedustochalengedifficulties.
8.TheteacheroftenencouragesustobravelyfacechalenG
ges.
011
英语必修第一册(BS)
Ged/Ging形容词
语法规则
1.confusing 2.satisfied 3.disappointed 4.covered
5.moving;moved 6.frightened;frightening
SECTIONⅣ LESSON2
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.downtown 2.reduce 3.expert 4.remove 5.position
6.absolutely 7.extent 8.thus 9.function 10.seek
拓展单词
1.suffer;suffering 2.entire;entirely 3.tense;tension
4.organise;organised;organizer;organisation 5.profesG
sion;professional 6.stress;stressed;stressful
重点短语
1.sufferfrom 2.tobefrank 3.dueto 4.inotherwords
5.differentlevelsofstress 6.in particular 7.seek
forhelp
框架句型
meetingpeopleinsmalgroups
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①from ②suffering ③Havingsufferedfromthelung
cancerformanyyears
2.①to ②by ③reduction
3.①organised ②organisations
4.①Strictlyspeaking ②Honestlyspeaking
5.①to ②tobepublished ③being ④Dueto/Thanksto
6.①inotherwords ②kepthisword ③haveawordwith
④brokenhisword
7.①tounderstand ②for/after ③seeking ④seek
theirfortune
重点句型
①trying ②talking ③teling ④beinginvited
SECTIONⅤ LESSON3
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.feature 2.typical 3.sort 4.supply 5.tough
6.muddy 7.contact 8.intend
拓展单词
1.graduate;graduation 2.inspire;inspiration;inspiring;inG
spired 3.apply;application;applicant 4.eager;eagerness;
eagerly 5.power;powerful 6.responsible;responsibly;
responsibility 7.attractive;attract;attraction 8.confiG
dent;confidently;confidence 9.contribution;contribute;
重点短语
1.from 2.for 3.of 4.up 5.for 6.as 7.todo 8.to
9.up 10.of
框架句型
1.ComingtoGuizhouProvincetoteach 2.Whatmadehim
feelsatisfied
课文篇章理解
Ⅰ.
1-5 CBDDC
Ⅱ.
1-5 FFFTF
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①wasfeatured ②in ③features
2.①typicaly ②istypicalof ③typicalofherto
3.①from ②Graduates ③in ④graduation ⑤a;graduG
ation ⑥graduatedfromthehighschool
4.①inspiring ②inspired ③Inspired ④inspiration
5.①appliedto ②for ③appliedto
6.①eager;anxious ②eager ③eagerfor ④areanxious
about ⑤iseagerto
7.①supplies ②to ③with ④in ⑤inshortsupply
⑥aresuppliedtothecities
8.①studying ②out ③in ④sodifficultthatIwantedto
giveup ⑤giveawaytheshockingending
9.①attractive ②attraction ③attractively ④attracted
moreandmoreattention ⑤mainattractions ⑥were
attractedtothetowncentre
10.①aswelas;is ②Aswelas ③Aswelaswriting
④isgoingshopping
11.①contributesto ②contributedalotofmoneyto
12.①withtheintentionoflearning ②hadintendedtodo
③wasintendedfor
重点句型
1.①Althebooksonthedeskarenotworthreading.
②Notboththebrothersaredoctors./Boththebrothers
arenotdoctors.
③Noneoftheanswersareright.
2.①that ②What ③what ④that
SECTIONⅥ WRITINGWORKSHOPTO
CHECKYOURPROGRESS
新知点点突破
重点词汇
基础单词
1.gym 2.moment 3.slide 4.forward 5.digestion
6.recreation 7.entertainment 8.rural
拓展单词
1.formal;informal 2.adapt;adaptation 3.present;presG
entation 4.junior;senior
重点短语
1.bedifferentfrom 2.adapttosth. 3.atthemoment
4.lookforwardto 5.asaresult 6.comeupwith 7.play
animportantpartin... 8.infact 9.cutoff
10.thanksto
框架句型
1.Shedidntarriveuntil
2.Tosucceed
3.Itisbelievedthat
4.ifanything
要点层层精析
核心词汇
1.①by5years ②juniortome
2.①to ②from;for ③to
3.①forthemoment ②inamoment ③Themoment
④Atthemoment ⑤foramoment
4.①werepresent ②presenting;to
5.①lookinginto ②lookthrough ③lookingforwardto
④lookdownon/upon
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参考答案