专题03 非谓语动词-2025年中考英语【命题趋向+考点探究+素养提升】专练（江苏专用）

专题03 非谓语动词 目录 第一部分：命题趋向（思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握） 第二部分：考点探究（知识点罗列+3年真题演练） 第三部分：素养提升（单项选择+ 用动词的适当形式填空+完成句子） 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查题目的谓语动词和非谓语动词判断以及非谓语在特殊句式中的运用。 一 动词不定式（to do…） 1.作主语 ①To master a foreign language is not an easy job. →:It is not an easy job to master a foreign language. ②To learn a language takes time. → It takes time to learn a language. 【温馨提示】不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。在这种情况下，通常用it作形式主语，把不定式放在句末以保持句子平衡， 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）你认为与同学友好相处容易吗? Do you think your classmates? 2．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）我认为和朋友们分享兴趣爱好很重要。 2.作表语 （说明主语的内容） ①His wish is to be a teacher. ②The goal is to finish the project by Friday. 真题演练 1．To them, the most important thing is _________ make much money _________ get together. A．not to; but B．not; but C．not; but to D．not to; but to 2．For drinking during a dinner, the best advice is never (drink) too much. 3.作宾语（在want, decide, hope, agree, refuse, pretend动词后） ①They agreed to start early. ②She refused to answer the question. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—What is your plan for the weekend? —I plan (read) the book Red Star Over China (《红星照耀中国》). 2．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）The firemen had no choice but (break) the window. 4.作定语（修饰名词，表“将要”） (1)不定式与其所修饰的名词是主动关系。 He was the last one to leave school yesterday. (2)不定式与其所修饰的名词是被动关系。 He needs a lot of books to read. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Our head teacher is always the first (come) to the classroom in the morning. 2．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Exercise and social support are good ways (control) stress. 5.作补语（主语/宾语补足语） The teacher asked us to read the text.（宾补） He was seen to enter the building.（主补） 真题演练 1．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）When we do Nucleic Acid Test, we are always required (not get) too close to each other. 2．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）To prevent the spread of virus, children are made (wash) hands many times a day. 6.作状语（表目的、结果或原因） (1)不定式作状语放在句首时，其逻辑主语与句子主语要一致。 To drew maps properly, you need a special pen. 要正确地画地图，你需要一支特殊的钢笔。 (2)不定式作结果状语时，通常指没有预释到的或事与愿违的结果，通常与only/never连用。 He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty. 他匆忙赶到那所房子，却发现里面是空的。 (3)不定式作结果状语时，常用于以下句型： ①so+形容词/副词+as to do 如此……以至于…… ② such+名词+as to do 如此……以至于…… ③形容词/副词+enough to do 足够……能做…… ④ too+形容词/副词+ to do 太……而不能…… 【温馨提示】 1.疑问词 + 不定式（作宾语或主语）： I don’t know how to fix the computer. Where to go is still a problem. 2.省略 to 的不定式（在感官动词和使役动词后）： I saw him cross the street. Let me try again. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）The children did a lot of research in the lab (finish) the science project. 2．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）Our government has taken action (make) life in the countryside better. 二 动名词(V-ing) 1.作主语（强调抽象或习惯性动作） Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. 【温馨提示】动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 真题演练 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模） (not finish) the team task before the deadline is often considered a sign of inefficiency nowadays. 2．（2024·江苏无锡·一模） (share) helps us create meaningful connections with others. 2.作表语（说明主语性质） The nurse's job is looking atter the patients. 护士的工作就是照顾病人。 真题演练 1．My hobby is (take) photos. What about yours? 2．Seeing is b . We don’t know whether it is true until we see it with our own eyes. 3.作宾语（动词或者介词后面） He avoided answering my question. Thank you for helping me. 【温馨提示】 （1）接动名词的动词：enjoy, avoid, finish, suggest, mind, practice (2)初中课本中有些动词后既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语,但意义截然不同。 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 stop to do sth. 停下(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 regret to do sth. 遗憾地要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事 forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事(某事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘了做过的事(某事已做过) remember to do sth. 记住去做某事(某事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(某事已做过) go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事 (2)need, require意为“需要”时，后接动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动含义，相当于to be done。 The radio requires repairing/to be repaired. The patient needs operating on/to be operated on at once. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）My sister has many hobbies, such as dancing and (sing). 2．（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）Stop (推) and just wait for your turn. 4. 作定语（表示用途或功能） a swimming pool（游泳池） a reading room（阅览室） 【温馨提示】其他特殊用法 （1）动名词的复合结构：Do you mind my smoking here? His leaving made us sad. （2）固定搭配：be worth doing（值得做），can’t help doing（忍不住做） 真题演练 1．Every Monday morning, we watch the (raise) of the national flag on the playground at school. 三 分词 (现在分词（V-ing）过去分词（V-ed）） 1.作定语 现在分词一般式作定语，表示“主动，进行”的动作；现在分词被动式作定语，表示“被动、进行”的动作；过去分词作定语，表示“被动或完成”的动作。 The man standing there is my teacher.(主动) The ceremony being held outdoors now is great. (表被动、进行) 真题演练 1．We all agree that it is right to return (steal) relics (文物) to their original owners. 2．The railway (connect) Qinghai to Tibet is the longest plateau railway in the world. 2.作表语 现在分词作表语和过去分词作表语基本都是已经形容词化的v.-ing形式或v-ed形式。现在分词通常表示主语主动发出的动作或说明主语具有何种性质，意为“使人……的，令人……的”；过去分词作表语通常表示主语是动作的承受者，意为“感到……的”。 The snake is so frightening that I am very frightened. 真题演练 1．The young couple were (考虑) choosing a lager house because of the new baby. 3.作宾语补足语 (1)用在“感官动词(see, watch, hear, feel)+宾语+分词”结构中。 感官动词+宾语+ doing(宾语补足语表示主动、进行的动作) being done(宾语补足语表示被动,进行的动作) done(宾语补足语表示被动、完成的动作) When she looked up, she saw him being chased by the policemen. We all heard him scolded by the boss. (2)用在“get/have+宾语+过去分词”结构中，表示“使/让某事由某人做”，或“使……遭受……” She decided to have the room painted again. (3)用在“have/get/leave/send+宾语+现在分词”结构中，表示“让/使.….一直做……” He had/left the light burning. 真题演练 1．Suddenly there was a strong wind, and I saw trees (shake) outside the window. 2．Did Eric have his homework (finish) before 9 o’clock last night? 4.作状语 (1)表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式等。 Working hard, you will succeed. (条件状语,表主动) United, we stand; divided, we fall. (条件状语，表被动) Much discouraged, she moved on to London. (原因状语,表状态) (2)分词或分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或使用状语从句。 因为他是个孤儿，护士对他很和善。 Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (×) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (√) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (√) 真题演练 1． (wait) in a long line, the fans wanted to take a photo of their favourite singer. 2． (compare) with life in space, life on the Earth is much better in some ways. 一、单项选择题 1．Millie has much time ________ books now and she has a good time ________ her favourite books. A．reading; to read B．to read; reading C．reading; reading D．to read; to read 2．—It’s important for everyone ________ polite. —That’s true. We should always avoid ________ rude to anyone. A．to be; to be B．to be; being C．being; to be D．being; being 3．I saw him _________ football with Nick half an hour ago. A．playing B．played C．to play D．plays 4．—When I walked past the classroom, I heard a little girl ______ happily. —Yes. She has such a good voice. A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang 5．—A latest newspaper, please! —There’s only one copy ________. Would you like to have ________? A．was left; it B．was left; one C．left; it D．left; one 6．The washing machine doesn’t work well. Who do you think he will have it ________. A．repair B．repairs C．repairing D．repaired 7．The film ______ by Spielberg is well worth ______. A．was directed; seeing B．directed; to see C．was directed; to see D．directed; seeing 8．This beautiful bag ________ leather is one of my ________. A．is made of; ladies B．is made from; ladies’ C．made of; ladies’ D．made from; ladies 9．________ great fun it is ________ so many apples, feeling the cool wind and breathing fresh air. A．How; to pick B．How; picking C．What; to pick D．What a; pick 10．They didn’t have enough money ________ their work. A．to carry on B．to carry on with C．carrying on with D．carried on with 11．To the parents of the left-children, the most important thing is ________ make much money ________ get together. A．not to; but B．not; but C．not; but to D．not to; but to 12．—My computer doesn’t work. It needs ________. —OK. I’ll have an engineer ________ it for you. A．repaired, checked B．repairing; check C．to be repaired; checked D．repaired; checking 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）If she asks you (join) in the party but you refuse, she will feel embarrassed. 2. Our country has made laws (protect) biodiversity(生物多样性) of the Yangtze River. 3．He is glad (become) the role model for the students. 4．I am very happy (meet) my old friends in the cinema. 5．I am very glad (see) you again. I have been missing you since I last met you. 6．The mother thinks that her son will grow up (be) a brave man. 7．I heard the rain against the window when I woke up last night. (beat) 8．I saw the girl (tidy) up the classroom when walking past the room yesterday. 9． At present more and more foreign countries look forward to (work) closely with China. 10. Ne Zha2: The Devil Child Comes to the Sea is well worth (watch). 11．Now more and more people are used to (pick) goods that are both good in quality and low at price. 12．Worrying about the future or (regret) the past too much would be bad for our mental and physical health. 13．Suddenly there was a strong wind, and I saw trees (shake) outside the window. 14． He was seen out of his office at about 5:30 pm. (run) 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fantastic painting (display) in the museum is said to be painted by Van Gogh. 16．If you go to Qinhu National Wetland Park to watch the fireworks show, be careful not to have your phone (steal). 三．完成句子 1．对很多老师来说，一对一的开展他们的工作是困难的。 It is hard . 2．Sandy足够细心，能注意到她身边的小变化。      Sandy is around her. 3．他们打算如何处理这些旧衣服呢？ these old clothes? 4．关于如何保护环境的方法将会进行讨论。 Ways about . 5．你花了多长时间把这篇文章翻译成法语？ How long do you ? 6．我们应该避免在别人面前插队。   We should . 7．当前人们在阻止这个疾病的传播上有困难吗？ Do people have problems (in) at present. 8．Millie昨晚梦到变成了一只蝴蝶。 Millie a butterfly last night. 9．让孩子保持整理自己的卧室是个良好习惯。 It’s a good habit to keep kids bedroom. 10．我们一直向对方扔雪球，叫着，笑着。 We kept , . 11．我们互相扔雪球, 尖叫着、大笑着。 We . 12．安迪穿那件黑色的夹克衫看起来很精干。 Andy very smart the black jacket. 13．如果我们不采取措施保护熊猫，未来它们可能一只也不剩。 If we don’t do anything to protect pandas, in the future. 14．总的来说，我对贾玲导演的这部电影——热辣滚烫真满意！ How the film YOLO Jialing . 15．别担心明天的缺席。我会找人把讲座录制下来的。 Don’t worry about our absence tomorrow. I will . 16．这种手工制作的蛋糕已在各种聚会中广泛使用。 This kind of food in different kinds of parties. 四. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In may, Alkut Dilxat, from the capital of Xinjiang, became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit of Mountain Qomolangma. The boy suffered quite a lot because of the extreme (极端的) 1 , low oxygen levels, 2 wind, snow and ice, but he overcame all these 3 . “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very dangerous, 4 with the team and guides, I have 5 .” he said. 6 he is a teenager, Alkut is a great mountain climber. He began to 7 rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8, ice climbing at 9. He climbed his 8 mountain at 10 with his 9 , Dilxat Abdurxit, a mountain climbing guide. To 10 , Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional (专业的) training on weekends. In July last year, he and his father 11 the summit of Muztagh Ata, a 7,546- meter peak (山顶) in Xinjiang. And then in February, they climbed Siguniang Mountain in Sichuan Province. On 19 May, Alkut finally reached the top of the 12 , breaking the record set last year by Xu Zhouyuan, a girl from Hunan province. “I am 13 ,” Alkut said. “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers, including 14 . I feel very happy that I realized my dream. Alkut 15 to explore the highest peaks on six other continents and reach the north and south poles. 1．A．cold B．warm C．cool D．hot 2．A．weak B．small C．heavy D．little 3．A．ways B．challenges C．differences D．disadvantages 4．A．and B．or C．so D．but 5．A．influence B．experience C．patience D．confidence 6．A．Because B．Although C．Since D．If 7．A．learn B．teach C．take D．have 8．A．highest B．first C．last D．longest 9．A．mother B．father C．brother D．teacher 10．A．start B．train C．prepare D．beat 11．A．showed B．finished C．returned D．reached 12．A．world B．group C．team D．record 13．A．tired B．worried C．excited D．surprised 14．A．them B．you C．us D．me 15．A．works B．agrees C．plans D．refuses 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 非谓语动词 目录 第一部分：命题趋向（思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握） 第二部分：考点探究（知识点罗列+3年真题演练） 第三部分：素养提升（单项选择+ 用动词的适当形式填空+完成句子） 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查题目的谓语动词和非谓语动词判断以及非谓语在特殊句式中的运用。 一 动词不定式（to do…） 1.作主语 ①To master a foreign language is not an easy job. →:It is not an easy job to master a foreign language. ②To learn a language takes time. → It takes time to learn a language. 【温馨提示】不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。在这种情况下，通常用it作形式主语，把不定式放在句末以保持句子平衡， 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）你认为与同学友好相处容易吗? Do you think your classmates? 【答案】it’s easy to get on well with 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“友好相处容易”的翻译，it’s+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事……”，easy“容易的”，get on well with sb“与某人和睦相处”，故填it’s easy to get on well with。 2．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）我认为和朋友们分享兴趣爱好很重要。 【答案】I think it is important to share interests and hobbies with friends. 【详解】我认为：I think，后接宾语从句，此处应用it is+adj to do sth的结构，share sth with sb“和某人分享某物”，friends“朋友”，复数名词，interest“兴趣”，hobby“爱好”，此处名词均用复数形式，表示泛指，故填I think it is important to share interests and hobbies with friends. 2.作表语 （说明主语的内容） ①His wish is to be a teacher. ②The goal is to finish the project by Friday. 真题演练 1．To them, the most important thing is _________ make much money _________ get together. A．not to; but B．not; but C．not; but to D．not to; but to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对他们来说，最重要的不是赚多少钱，而是待在一起。考查固定搭配。not…but…：不是……而是……，并列连词，not“后面的词”与but“后面的词”形式一致。这个动词不定式作表语；故选D。 2．For drinking during a dinner, the best advice is never (drink) too much. 【答案】to drink 【详解】句意：对于晚餐时饮酒，最好的建议是永远不要喝太多。根据“the best advice is never...too much”可知是建议永远不要喝太多，此处用动词不定式作表语。故填to drink。 3.作宾语（在want, decide, hope, agree, refuse, pretend动词后） ①They agreed to start early. ②She refused to answer the question. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—What is your plan for the weekend? —I plan (read) the book Red Star Over China (《红星照耀中国》). 【答案】to read 【详解】句意：——你周末有什么计划？——我打算读《红星照耀中国》这本书。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to read。 2．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）The firemen had no choice but (break) the window. 【答案】to break 【详解】句意：消防队员别无选择，只能打碎窗户。break“打破”，动词。have no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事别无选择”，故用动词不定式。故填to break。 4.作定语（修饰名词，表“将要”） (1)不定式与其所修饰的名词是主动关系。 He was the last one to leave school yesterday. (2)不定式与其所修饰的名词是被动关系。 He needs a lot of books to read. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Our head teacher is always the first (come) to the classroom in the morning. 【答案】to come 【详解】句意：我们班主任早上总是第一个来教室。the first to do sth“第一个做某事”，空处用不定式。故填to come。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Exercise and social support are good ways (control) stress. 【答案】to control 【详解】句意：锻炼和社会支持是控制压力的好方法。根据“are good ways…(control) stress.”可知，这里考查的是：be good ways to do sth.固定短语，意为是“做某事的好方法”，所以to后面应该用动词原形control。故填to control。 5.作补语（主语/宾语补足语） The teacher asked us to read the text.（宾补） He was seen to enter the building.（主补） 真题演练 1．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）When we do Nucleic Acid Test, we are always required (not get) too close to each other. 【答案】not to get 【详解】句意：当我们做核酸检测时，我们总是被要求不要靠得太近。be required not to do sth“被要求不要做某事”，故填not to get。 2．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）To prevent the spread of virus, children are made (wash) hands many times a day. 【答案】to wash 【详解】句意：为了防止病毒的传播，孩子们被要求每天多次洗手。be made to do sth.“被迫做某事”，动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to wash。 6.作状语（表目的、结果或原因） (1)不定式作状语放在句首时，其逻辑主语与句子主语要一致。 To drew maps properly, you need a special pen. 要正确地画地图，你需要一支特殊的钢笔。 (2)不定式作结果状语时，通常指没有预释到的或事与愿违的结果，通常与only/never连用。 He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty. 他匆忙赶到那所房子，却发现里面是空的。 (3)不定式作结果状语时，常用于以下句型： ①so+形容词/副词+as to do 如此……以至于…… ② such+名词+as to do 如此……以至于…… ③形容词/副词+enough to do 足够……能做…… ④ too+形容词/副词+ to do 太……而不能…… 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）The children did a lot of research in the lab (finish) the science project. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：为了完成这个科学项目，孩子们在实验室里做了很多研究。finish“完成”，动词。此处指孩子们做很多研究的目的是为了完成科学项目，应用动词不定式表目的。故填to finish。 2．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）Our government has taken action (make) life in the countryside better. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我们的政府已采取行动改善农村生活。“take action”的目的是“make life in the countryside better”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to make。 【温馨提示】 1.疑问词 + 不定式（作宾语或主语）： I don’t know how to fix the computer. Where to go is still a problem. 2.省略 to 的不定式（在感官动词和使役动词后）： I saw him cross the street. Let me try again. 二 动名词(V-ing) 1.作主语（强调抽象或习惯性动作） Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. 【温馨提示】动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 真题演练 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模） (not finish) the team task before the deadline is often considered a sign of inefficiency nowadays. 【答案】Not finishing 【详解】句意：在截止日期前未完成团队任务通常被认为是效率低下的表现。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词形式，结合所给词，应用其否定形式“not+doing”。句首单词首字母大写。故填Not finishing。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·一模） (share) helps us create meaningful connections with others. 【答案】Sharing 【详解】句意：分享帮助我们与他人建立有意义的联系。share“分享”，在句中作主语，需用其动名词形式。故填Sharing。 2.作表语（说明主语性质） The nurse's job is looking atter the patients. 护士的工作就是照顾病人。 真题演练 1．My hobby is (take) photos. What about yours? 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：我的爱好是拍照。你的呢？句子中已有系动词“is”，因此这里要用动名词形式作表语，故填taking。 6．Seeing is b . We don’t know whether it is true until we see it with our own eyes. 【答案】(b)elieving 【详解】句意：眼见为实。我们不知道这是不是真的，直到我们亲眼看到。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。故答案为(b)elieving。 3.作宾语（动词或者介词后面） He avoided answering my question. Thank you for helping me. 【温馨提示】 （1）接动名词的动词：enjoy, avoid, finish, suggest, mind, practice (2)初中课本中有些动词后既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语,但意义截然不同。 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 stop to do sth. 停下(某事)去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 regret to do sth. 遗憾地要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事 forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事(某事还没做) forget doing sth. 忘了做过的事(某事已做过) remember to do sth. 记住去做某事(某事还没做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(某事已做过) go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事 (2)need, require意为“需要”时，后接动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动含义，相当于to be done。 The radio requires repairing/to be repaired. The patient needs operating on/to be operated on at once. 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）My sister has many hobbies, such as dancing and (sing). 【答案】singing 【详解】句意：我姐姐有很多爱好，比如跳舞和唱歌。and前后的动词形式一致，故此处用动名词singing“唱歌”，作宾语。故填singing。 2．（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）Stop (推) and just wait for your turn. 【答案】pushing 【详解】句意：别推了，等着轮到你。push“推”，动词。stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，stop doing sth.“停止正在做的某事”。此处指不要再推了，应用动名词作宾语。故填pushing。 4. 作定语（表示用途或功能） a swimming pool（游泳池） a reading room（阅览室） 【温馨提示】其他特殊用法 （1）动名词的复合结构：Do you mind my smoking here? His leaving made us sad. （2）固定搭配：be worth doing（值得做），can’t help doing（忍不住做） 真题演练 1．Every Monday morning, we watch the (raise) of the national flag on the playground at school.【答案】raising 【详解】句意：每周一早上，我们都会在操场上观看升国旗。由于设空处前面有冠词“the ”，后有“of the national flag”，raise的名词形式“raising”符合，用来修饰“the national flag”。故填raising。 三 分词 (现在分词（V-ing）过去分词（V-ed）） 1.作定语 现在分词一般式作定语，表示“主动，进行”的动作；现在分词被动式作定语，表示“被动、进行”的动作；过去分词作定语，表示“被动或完成”的动作。 The man standing there is my teacher.(主动) The ceremony being held outdoors now is great. (表被动、进行) 真题演练 1．We all agree that it is right to return (steal) relics (文物) to their original owners. 【答案】stolen 【详解】句意：我们都一致认为把被盗的文物归还给它们最初的主人是正确的做法。根据“return … relics to their original owners”可知，此处是指将被盗文物归还原主；“relics”与 “steal”之间是被动关系，即“文物是被偷的”，所以要用“steal”的过去分词形式 “stolen”作定语，修饰“relics”。故填stolen。 2．The railway (connect) Qinghai to Tibet is the longest plateau railway in the world. 【答案】connecting 【详解】句意：青藏铁路是世界上最长的高原铁路。句中有谓语动词，The railway和connect“连接”之间是主动关系，故此处用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。 2.作表语 现在分词作表语和过去分词作表语基本都是已经形容词化的v.-ing形式或v-ed形式。现在分词通常表示主语主动发出的动作或说明主语具有何种性质，意为“使人……的，令人……的”；过去分词作表语通常表示主语是动作的承受者，意为“感到……的”。 The snake is so frightening that I am very frightened. 真题演练 1．The young couple were (考虑) choosing a lager house because of the new baby. 【答案】considering 【详解】句意：由于刚生了小孩，这对年轻夫妇正考虑选择一套更大的房子。根据中文提示，空白处应填入表示“考虑”的英文单词，即consider。根据语境判断，本句时态为过去进行时，动词consider需要变为现在分词形式。故填considering。 3.作宾语补足语 (1)用在“感官动词(see, watch, hear, feel)+宾语+分词”结构中。 感官动词+宾语+ doing(宾语补足语表示主动、进行的动作) being done(宾语补足语表示被动,进行的动作) done(宾语补足语表示被动、完成的动作) When she looked up, she saw him being chased by the policemen. We all heard him scolded by the boss. (2)用在“get/have+宾语+过去分词”结构中，表示“使/让某事由某人做”，或“使……遭受……” She decided to have the room painted again. (3)用在“have/get/leave/send+宾语+现在分词”结构中，表示“让/使.….一直做……” He had/left the light burning. 真题演练 1．Suddenly there was a strong wind, and I saw trees (shake) outside the window. 【答案】shaking 【详解】句意：突然刮起一阵大风，我看到窗外的树在摇晃。see sb./sth. doing sth.看到某人/某物正在做某事，固定短语，此处应用shake的现在分词形式shaking，作宾语补足语。故填shaking。 2．Did Eric have his homework (finish) before 9 o’clock last night? 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：艾瑞克昨晚九点之前完成了他的家庭作业了么？动词have的宾语“his homework”与finish之间是被动关系，此处用“have sth. done”，表示“让家庭作业被做”，此处用过去分词finished。故填finished。 4.作状语 (1)表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式等。 Working hard, you will succeed. (条件状语,表主动) United, we stand; divided, we fall. (条件状语，表被动) Much discouraged, she moved on to London. (原因状语,表状态) (2)分词或分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或使用状语从句。 因为他是个孤儿，护士对他很和善。 Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (×) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (√) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. (√) 真题演练 1． (wait) in a long line, the fans wanted to take a photo of their favourite singer. 【答案】Waiting 【详解】句意：歌迷们排了很长的队伍，想给他们最喜欢的歌手拍照。根据分析句子结构可知，空处“等待”是伴随状态，且与其逻辑主语“fans”构成主动关系，使用现在分词形式Waiting。故填Waiting。 2． (compare) with life in space, life on the Earth is much better in some ways. 【答案】Compared 【详解】句意：与太空中的生活相比，地球上的生活在某些方面要好得多。动词“compare”与 句子的主语“life on the Earth”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即 “地球上的生活被和太空中的生活作比较”，所以要用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。 一、单项选择题 1．Millie has much time ________ books now and she has a good time ________ her favourite books. A．reading; to read B．to read; reading C．reading; reading D．to read; to read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：米莉现在有很多时间读书，她读她最喜欢的书很开心。考查非谓语动词。第一空，考查have much time to do sth.“有很多时间做某事”，这里应用动词不定式“to read”作后置定语，修饰名词“time”，排除A和C；第二空，考查have a good time doing sth.“做某事很开心”，应用动名词形式“reading”，排除D。故选B。 2．—It’s important for everyone ________ polite. —That’s true. We should always avoid ________ rude to anyone. A．to be; to be B．to be; being C．being; to be D．being; being 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——对每个人来说，有礼貌是很重要的。——没错。我们应该始终避免对任何人粗鲁。  考查非谓语动词。第一空考查“It’s important for sb. to do sth”的结构，表示“对某人来说做某事是重要的”，因此第一空应填“to be”。第二空考查“avoid doing sth”的结构，表示“避免做某事”，因此第二空应填“being”。故选B。 3．I saw him _________ football with Nick half an hour ago. A．playing B．played C．to play D．plays 【答案】A 【详解】句意：半小时前我看到他正在和尼克一起踢足球。考查非谓语动词的用法。see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。根据“half an hour ago”（半小时前）可知，“我”看到他踢足球这个动作正在发生，所以用playing符合语境。故选A。 4．—When I walked past the classroom, I heard a little girl ______ happily. —Yes. She has such a good voice. A．sing B．sings C．singing D．sang 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当我走过教室时，我听到一个小女孩开心地唱歌。——是的，她的嗓音真好。考查非谓语动词。根据“When I walked past the classroom”可知，空处动作正在发生，hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到正在做某事”，故空处需现在分词作宾补。故选C。 5．—A latest newspaper, please! —There’s only one copy ________. Would you like to have ________? A．was left; it B．was left; one C．left; it D．left; one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——请给我最新的报纸！——只剩下一本了。你想要吗？考查非谓语动词和代词。it指代上文出现的同一事物；one指代上文出现的同类事物中的一个。there be句型中be动词是谓语动词，所以第一空应是非谓语动词，one copy与leave之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词left表示被动含义，作后置定语修饰one copy；第二空指前文提到的“one copy”，故用it表示特指。故选C。 6．The washing machine doesn’t work well. Who do you think he will have it ________. A．repair B．repairs C．repairing D．repaired 【答案】D 【详解】句意：洗衣机工作不正常。你认为他会让谁修理它？考查非谓语动词。根据“Who do you think he will have…it.”可知，此处需要使用过去分词形式，表示“让某人修理它”，have sth done“让某事被做”。故选D。 7．The film ______ by Spielberg is well worth ______. A．was directed; seeing B．directed; to see C．was directed; to see D．directed; seeing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：由斯皮尔伯格导演的这部电影值得看。考查非谓语。根据句意及题干分析此句是简单句，所以第一空应用非谓语动词，电影和动词direct是被动关系，所以用过去分词directed；第二空“值得做某事”是固定结构be worth doing，故选D。 8．This beautiful bag ________ leather is one of my ________. A．is made of; ladies B．is made from; ladies’ C．made of; ladies’ D．made from; ladies 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个用皮革制成的漂亮的包是我的一位女士的。考查动词短语。be made of由……制成，看得见原材料；be made from由……制成，不能看出原材料。根据“The small bag ... leather.”可知，小包是由皮革制成的，这是能看得见原材料的，因此用be made of。根据“is one of my...”可知句子已有谓语动词，故空一用分词形式。第二空表示是“女士之一的”，用名词复数所有格。故选C。 9．________ great fun it is ________ so many apples, feeling the cool wind and breathing fresh air. A．How; to pick B．How; picking C．What; to pick D．What a; pick 【答案】C 【详解】句意：采摘这么多苹果，感受凉爽的风，呼吸新鲜的空气，多么有趣啊。考查感叹句和非谓语动词。根据“...great fun it is...so many apples”可知，中心词fun为不可数名词，符合“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”的感叹句结构，第一空选填What；此处it作形式主语，第二空选填pick的不定式形式作真正主语。故选C。 10．They didn’t have enough money ________ their work. A．to carry on B．to carry on with C．carrying on with D．carried on with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们没有足够的钱来继续他们的工作。   考查动词短语。carry on继续；carry on with sth继续某事。空后有“their work”，故空处用carry on with；have enough money to do sth.表示“有足够的钱做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 11．To the parents of the left-children, the most important thing is ________ make much money ________ get together. A．not to; but B．not; but C．not; but to D．not to; but to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对于留守儿童的父母来说，最重要的事情不是赚很多钱，而是团聚。考查非谓语动词。根据“To the parents of the left-children, the most important thing is…make much money…get together.”可知，此处是not to do but to do结构，意为“不是做……而是做……”。故选D。 12．—My computer doesn’t work. It needs ________. —OK. I’ll have an engineer ________ it for you. A．repaired, checked B．repairing; check C．to be repaired; checked D．repaired; checking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的电脑坏了。它需要修理。——好的。我让工程师帮您检查一下。考查非谓语动词。短语need doing sth.表示“需要被做”，相当于need to be done的形式，表示被动语态，排除AD；短语have sb do sth表示“让某人做某事”，所以第二空用动词原形，排除C。故选B。 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）If she asks you (join) in the party but you refuse, she will feel embarrassed. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：如果她邀请你参加聚会，但你拒绝了，她会感到尴尬的。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人去做某事”，是固定词组。故填to join。 2. Our country has made laws (protect) biodiversity(生物多样性) of the Yangtze River. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我国已制定法律保护长江生物多样性。根据“Our country has made laws ... (protect) biodiversity(生物多样性) of the Yangtze River.”可知，“制定法律”的目的是“保护生物多样性”，protect“保护”，是动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。 3．He is glad (become) the role model for the students. 【答案】to become 【详解】句意：他很高兴成为学生们的榜样。become“成为”。根据“is glad”可知，be glad to do sth“很高兴做某事”。故填to become。 4．I am very happy (meet) my old friends in the cinema. 【答案】to meet 【详解】句意：我很高兴在电影院见到我的老朋友。根据“I am very happy…my old friends in the cinema.”可知，be happy to do sth.“很开心做某事”，固定搭配，空处应用不定式。故填to meet。 5．I am very glad (see) you again. I have been missing you since I last met you. 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：我很高兴再次见到你。自从上次见到你，我就一直在想你。结合提示词“see见到”和固定搭配“be glad to do sth很高兴去做某事”可知，这里要填不定式“to see”。故填to see。 6．The mother thinks that her son will grow up (be) a brave man. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：那位妈妈觉得她的儿子会成长为一个勇敢的人。grow up to be“长大成为”，此处应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to be。 7．I heard the rain against the window when I woke up last night. (beat) 【答案】beating 【详解】句意：我昨晚醒来的时候听到雨敲打着窗户。根据时间状语从句“when I woke up last night.”语境可知，是指听到雨敲打着窗户。hear sth./sb. doing sth.“听到某物/某人正在做某事”，固定用法，beat的现在分词是beating。故填beating。 8．I saw the girl (tidy) up the classroom when walking past the room yesterday. 【答案】tidying 【详解】句意：昨天我经过房间时，看见这个女孩正在整理教室。根据“walking past the room yesterday”可知，此处表示我经过房间时看到她正在做的事情，see sb doing sth“看见某人正做某事”。故填tidying。 9． At present more and more foreign countries look forward to (work) closely with China. 【答案】working 【详解】句意：目前，越来越多的国家期待与中国密切合作。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填working。 10. Ne Zha2: The Devil Child Comes to the Sea is well worth (watch). 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：《哪吒2：魔童闹海》非常值得一看。“be worth doing sth.”是一个固定搭配，意思是“值得做某事” 。这里要用watch的-ing形式watching。故填watching。 11．Now more and more people are used to (pick) goods that are both good in quality and low at price. 【答案】picking 【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人习惯于挑选物美价廉的商品。be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”。故填picking。 12．Worrying about the future or (regret) the past too much would be bad for our mental and physical health. 【答案】regretting 【详解】句意：过分担心未来或沉溺于过去对我们的身心健康有害。“Worrying about the future or...”这里or连接两个并列的成分，worrying是动名词形式，所以regret也应用动名词形式regretting，这样才能保持结构一致。故填regretting。 13．Suddenly there was a strong wind, and I saw trees (shake) outside the window. 【答案】shaking 【详解】句意：突然刮起一阵大风，我看到窗外的树在摇晃。see sb./sth. doing sth.看到某人/某物正在做某事，固定短语，此处应用shake的现在分词形式shaking，作宾语补足语。故填shaking。 14． He was seen out of his office at about 5:30 pm. (run) 【答案】running 【详解】句意：有人看到他在下午5:30左右跑出办公室。根据“at about 5:30 pm”可知被看到在下午5:30正跑出办公室，此处是结构be seen doing sth.“被看到正做某事”。故填running。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fantastic painting (display) in the museum is said to be painted by Van Gogh. 【答案】displayed 【详解】句意：这幅在博物馆展出的精彩画作据说是梵高所画。根据“The fantastic painting…in the museum”可知，是这幅在博物馆展出的精彩画作。在句子中，“displayed”作定语，修饰“painting”，表示画作是被展出的状态。由于画作是被展出的，因此需要使用过去分词形式来表示被动。故填displayed。 16．If you go to Qinhu National Wetland Park to watch the fireworks show, be careful not to have your phone (steal). 【答案】stolen 【详解】句意：如果你去秦湖国家湿地公园看烟花汇演，小心别让手机被偷。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词，且your phone和steal“偷”之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词stolen。故填stolen。 三．完成句子 1．对很多老师来说，一对一的开展他们的工作是困难的。 It is hard . 【答案】 for many teachers to do their work one-on-one/one-to-one 【详解】此处为“it is hard for sb to do sth.”做某事对某人来说很困难；“many teachers”很多老师；“do one’s work”开展某人的工作，“their”他们的；“one-on-one/one-to-one”一对一的。故填for；many；teachers；to；do；their；work；one-on-one/one-to-one. 2．Sandy足够细心，能注意到她身边的小变化。      Sandy is around her. 【答案】careful enough to notice the small changes 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，此处缺少“足够细心，能注意到小变化”，be careful enough to do sth表示“足够细心地做某事”，注意到小变化：notice the small changes。故填careful enough to notice the small changes。 3．他们打算如何处理这些旧衣服呢？ these old clothes? 【答案】What do they plan to do with/How do they plan to deal with 【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“他们打算如何处理”。“他们”they，“打算”plan to do sth，“如何处理”what...do with或how...deal with。时态是一般现在时，主语是they，特殊疑问句中在主语前添加助动词do，谓语动词用原形plan。故填What do they plan to do with/How do they plan to deal with。 4．关于如何保护环境的方法将会进行讨论。 Ways about . 【答案】how to protect the environment will be discussed 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“如何保护环境……将会进行讨论”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即how to protect the environment“如何保护环境”；主语“Ways”与动词discuss“讨论”是被动关系，又根据汉语“将会”可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，动词discuss的过去分词为discussed。故填how to protect the environment will be discussed。 5．你花了多长时间把这篇文章翻译成法语？ How long do you ? 【答案】 spend translating this/the article into French 【详解】花费时间做某事为“spend some time doing sth.”；把把这篇文章翻译成法语“translate this/the article into French”，此处翻译“translate”应用动名词形式translating。故填spend；translating；this/the；article；into；French。 6．我们应该避免在别人面前插队。   We should . 【答案】avoid pushing in before others 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“避免在别人面前插队”，should后面加动词原形，avoid doing避免做某事，push in before others在别人面前插队。故填avoid pushing in before others。 7．当前人们在阻止这个疾病的传播上有困难吗？ Do people have problems (in) at present. 【答案】preventing the spread of the disease 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺“阻止这个疾病的传播”对应的英文翻译。根据“have problems (in)...”可知后面用动词的动名词形式，“阻止”对应的英文是“prevent”；“……的传播”对应的英文是“the spread of”；“疾病”对应的英文是“disease”。故填preventing the spread of the disease。 8．Millie昨晚梦到变成了一只蝴蝶。 Millie a butterfly last night. 【答案】 dreamed/dreamt of/about becoming 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“梦到变成了”。dream of/ about表示“梦到”，根据“last night”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，所以dream要用过去式dreamed或dreamt；become“变成”，其前有介词，所以become要用动名词形式。故填dreamed/ dreamt；of/ about；becoming。 9．让孩子保持整理自己的卧室是个良好习惯。 It’s a good habit to keep kids bedroom. 【答案】tidying up their own 【详解】对比题干可知，tidy up整理，是动词短语。keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事；one’s own某人自己的，这里one’s用their。故填tidying up their own。 10．我们一直向对方扔雪球，叫着，笑着。 We kept , . 【答案】 throwing snowballs at each other screaming and laughing 【详解】throw sth at sb“向某人扔某物”，snowballs“雪球”，each other“互相”，keep doing sth“一直做某事”，因此填动名词throwing；“叫着，笑着”译为“screaming and laughing”，构成现在分词作伴随状语。故填throwing snowballs at each other；screaming and laughing。 11．我们互相扔雪球, 尖叫着、大笑着。 We . 【答案】throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing 【详解】throw...at...朝某人扔……，snowballs雪球，each other互相；screaming and laughing叫着，笑着，是两个并列的现在分词形式，在句中作伴随状语，与主语We构成主动关系，故填throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing。 12．安迪穿那件黑色的夹克衫看起来很精干。 Andy very smart the black jacket. 【答案】 looks in/wearing 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，空格处填“看起来”和“穿”，look adj.看起来，look在句子中作谓语，主语Andy是第三人称单数，应用三单形式looks；“in+衣服（颜色）”意为“穿什么（颜色）的衣服”，wear“穿”，此处作伴随状语，应用现在分词wearing，第二个空格处应填in/wearing。故填looks；in/wearing。 13．如果我们不采取措施保护熊猫，未来它们可能一只也不剩。 If we don’t do anything to protect pandas, in the future. 【答案】there may be none left 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“它们可能一只也不剩”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查there may be“可能有”；none left“一个也没有剩下”，其中none指代前文提到的“pandas”，left“剩下的；留下的”是过去分词作后置定语，修饰“none”。故填there may be none left。 14．总的来说，我对贾玲导演的这部电影——热辣滚烫真满意！ How the film YOLO Jialing . 【答案】 satisfied I am with directed by in general 【详解】be satisfied with“对……感到满意”，此处是感叹句，主语是I，此处应表达为How satisfied I am with...，第二空表示“被……导演”，directed是过去分词，作定语，by“被”，后接人，in general“总的来说”，故填satisfied I am with；directed by；in general。 15．别担心明天的缺席。我会找人把讲座录制下来的。 Don’t worry about our absence tomorrow. I will . 【答案】have the speech recorded 【详解】have sth done“找人做某事”，the speech“讲座”，record“录制”，其过去分词为recorded，在句中作宾语补足语，will后加动词原形。故填have the speech recorded。 16．这种手工制作的蛋糕已在各种聚会中广泛使用。 This kind of food in different kinds of parties. 【答案】made by hand has been widely used 【详解】“手工制作的”made by hand，过去分词作后置定语。“被广泛使用”be widely used，再由“已经”可知用现在完成时，主语food是不可数名词，其后用助动词has，be的过去分词形式为been。故填made by hand has been widely used。 四. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In may, Alkut Dilxat, from the capital of Xinjiang, became the youngest Chinese climber to reach the summit of Mountain Qomolangma. The boy suffered quite a lot because of the extreme (极端的) 1 , low oxygen levels, 2 wind, snow and ice, but he overcame all these 3 . “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very dangerous, 4 with the team and guides, I have 5 .” he said. 6 he is a teenager, Alkut is a great mountain climber. He began to 7 rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8, ice climbing at 9. He climbed his 8 mountain at 10 with his 9 , Dilxat Abdurxit, a mountain climbing guide. To 10 , Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional (专业的) training on weekends. In July last year, he and his father 11 the summit of Muztagh Ata, a 7,546- meter peak (山顶) in Xinjiang. And then in February, they climbed Siguniang Mountain in Sichuan Province. On 19 May, Alkut finally reached the top of the 12 , breaking the record set last year by Xu Zhouyuan, a girl from Hunan province. “I am 13 ,” Alkut said. “Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is the dream of many climbers, including 14 . I feel very happy that I realized my dream. Alkut 15 to explore the highest peaks on six other continents and reach the north and south poles. 1．A．cold B．warm C．cool D．hot 2．A．weak B．small C．heavy D．little 3．A．ways B．challenges C．differences D．disadvantages 4．A．and B．or C．so D．but 5．A．influence B．experience C．patience D．confidence 6．A．Because B．Although C．Since D．If 7．A．learn B．teach C．take D．have 8．A．highest B．first C．last D．longest 9．A．mother B．father C．brother D．teacher 10．A．start B．train C．prepare D．beat 11．A．showed B．finished C．returned D．reached 12．A．world B．group C．team D．record 13．A．tired B．worried C．excited D．surprised 14．A．them B．you C．us D．me 15．A．works B．agrees C．plans D．refuses 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了来自新疆的年轻登山者Alkut的非凡成就。 1．句意：由于极度寒冷、低氧含量、大风、冰雪，这个男孩遭受了很多痛苦，但他克服了所有这些挑战。cold寒冷的；warm温暖的；cool凉爽的；hot炎热的。根据常识可知，珠穆朗玛峰海拔高，气温低，所以应该是“极端的寒冷”。故选A。 2．句意：由于极度寒冷、低氧含量、大风、冰雪，这个男孩遭受了很多痛苦，但他克服了所有这些挑战。weak虚弱的；small小的；heavy强烈的，大的；little少的。根据常识可知，在珠穆朗玛峰这样高海拔的地方，风应该是很大的。故选C。 3．句意：由于极度寒冷、低氧含量、大风、冰雪，这个男孩遭受了很多痛苦，但他克服了所有这些挑战。ways方法；challenges挑战；differences差异；disadvantages劣势。根据前文提到的“寒冷的天气、低氧水平、大风、雪和冰”可知，这些都是登山过程中遇到的挑战。故选B。 4．句意：他说：“登顶珠峰是非常危险的，但有团队和向导，我有信心。”and和；or或者；so因此；but但是。根据“Reaching the summit of Mountain Qomolangma is very dangerous”可知，登顶珠穆朗玛峰很危险，而“with the team and guides”则表示有团队和向导的陪伴，前后句意存在转折关系。故选D。 5．句意：他说：“登顶珠峰是非常危险的，但有团队和向导，我有信心。”influence影响；experience经历，经验；patience耐心；confidence信心。根据“with the team and guides”可知，因为有团队和向导的陪伴，所以“我”有信心。故选D。 6．句意：虽然他是一个青少年，但Alkut是一个伟大的登山者。Because因为；Although尽管；Since自从；If如果。根据“he is a teenager”和“Alkut is a great mountain climber”可知，尽管Alkut是一个青少年，但他却是一个很棒的登山者，前后句意存在让步关系。故选B。 7．句意：他7岁开始学习攀岩，8岁开始学习滑雪，9岁开始学习攀冰。learn学习；teach教；take带走；have有。根据“rock climbing at 7, skiing at 8, ice climbing at 9”可知，此处应该是他开始学习攀岩。故选A。 8．句意：10岁时，他和身为登山向导的父亲Dilxat Abdurxit一起爬上了人生的第一座山。highest最高的；first第一个；last最后一个；longest最长的。根据“He climbed his ... mountain at 10”可知，此处应该是他10岁时和他的父亲，成功登顶了他人生中的第一座山。故选B。 9．句意：10岁时，他和身为登山向导的父亲Dilxat Abdurxit一起爬上了人生的第一座山。mother妈妈；father爸爸；brother哥哥；teacher老师。根据“In July last year, he and his father ...”可知，此处应该是他10岁时和他的父亲一起成功登顶了他人生中的第一座山。故选B。 10．句意：为了准备，Alkut每天早上跑10公里，并在周末进行专业训练。start开始；train训练；prepare准备；beat打败。根据“Alkut ran 10 kilometers every morning and took professional (专业的) training on weekends”可知，此处应该是为了准备登山，他每天早上跑10公里，周末接受专业训练。故选C。 11．句意：去年7月，他和父亲登上了新疆海拔7546米的木孜塔峰。showed展示；finished完成；returned返回；reached到达。根据“the summit of Muztagh Ata, a 7,546-meter peak (山顶) in Xinjiang”可知，此处指他和他的父亲成功登顶了新疆海拔7546米的慕士塔格峰。故选D。 12．句意：5月19日，Alkut终于登上了世界之巅，打破了去年由湖南女孩徐周媛创造的纪录。world世界；group组；team队；record记录。根据“Alkut finally reached the top of the ... breaking the record set last year by Xu Zhouyuan, a girl from Hunan province”可知，此处指他登上了世界之巅。故选A。 13．句意：“我很兴奋，”他说。tired疲惫的；worried担心的；excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的。根据“breaking the record set last year”可知，他此时应该是很兴奋。故选C。 14．句意：登上珠穆朗玛峰是包括我在内的许多登山者的梦想。them他/她/它们；you你/你们；us我们；me我。登顶珠穆朗玛峰是很多登山者的梦想，包括Alkut自己，即“我”。故选D。 15．句意：我很高兴我实现了我的梦想。Alkut计划探索其他六大洲的最高峰，并到达北极和南极。works工作；agrees同意；plans计划；refuses拒绝。根据“to explore the highest peaks on six other continents and reach the north and south poles”可知，此处应该是他计划要去做的事情。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$