专题04 动词+动词短语-2025年中考英语【命题趋向+考点探究+素养提升】专练（江苏专用）

专题04 动词和动词短语 目录 第一部分：命题趋向（思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握） 第二部分：考点探究（知识点罗列+3年真题演练） 第三部分：素养提升（单项选择+ 用动词的适当形式填空+完成句子） 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查题目的动词和动词短语的词义辨析判断以及根据语境和用法进行动词之间的选择。主要考查题型有单项选择、完形填空、短文填空等题型。解答此类试题的关键，是要学会辨析相似短语之间的中文含义，尤其是同一个动词开头的短语或者同一个介词结尾的短语。 一 动词 1.动词的种类 类别 知识点 实义动词 表示动作或状态,能独立作谓语。有人称、数、各种时态和语态的变化. 实义动词数量很多,如study, learn, enjoy, eat, wash, cut, like等 助动词 助动词本身无词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。它必须和实义动词连用,帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。 ⑴be,用于构成进行时态或被动语态(be doing/done) ⑵do/does/did,用于构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句或否定句,也用于含有实义动词的倒装句 ⑶will/shall,用于构成一般将来时(will/shall do) ⑷have/has/had,用于构成完成时(have/has/had done) 系动词 本身有意义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成系表结构,而且有人称、数和各种时态的变化 ⑴状态类:be(是), seem(好像,似乎),keep(保持),remain(保持), stay(保持)等 ⑵感观类:look(看起来),sound (听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(摸起来) ⑶变化类:become(变得),get(成为,变得),turn(变得)等 情态动词 词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,后接动词原形一起构成谓语,大多无人称和数的变化 初中常常学的情态动词有：can/could, may/might, will/would, must, need,have to, should等 【温馨提示】情态动词在中考的几个常考点 ▲情态动词表示推测 1.肯定句中一般用must(一定), may(可能), might/could(也许,或许)。 He must may night know the answer to this question. 他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。 2.否定句中用can't/couldn't(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。 It can't couldn't be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 那不可能是校长，他去美国了。 He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。 注意：此处的might, could并不是may, can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。 ▲ can, may, must, need的问句回答 具体回答请见下表： 疑问句式 肯定回答 否定回答 Can/Could you do sth.? Yes, I/we can/could. No, I/we can't/couldn't. May I do sth.? Yes, you may. No, you mustn't/may not. Must I/we do sth.? Yes, you must. No, you needn't/don't have to. Need I do sth.? Yes, you must. No, you needn't/don't have to. 注意：could, might, would表示委婉请求时，回答常用其对应的情态动词原形。如： --Could I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的词典吗? --Of course, you can. 当然可以。 --Might I ask a question? 我可以提个问题吗? --Yes, you may. 可以。 ▲can表示能力的用法 can表示能力时，意为“能，会”，其否定式can't表示“不能”，过去式分别为could和couldn't。 I have my own room, so I can do what I want in it. 我有自己的房间，所以我在里面可以做自己想做的事。 The boy could answer the question when I asked him just now. 我刚才问这个男孩问题时，他能够答得上来。 ▲must表示义务的用法 must表示必须要做时，意为“必须，应该”，其否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。 Cars, buses and bikes must stop when traffic lights change to red. 小汽车，公共汽车和自行车在红灯时必须停下来。 To make our city more beautiful, rubbish mustn't be thrown into the river, 为了使我们的城市更加美丽，禁止将垃圾扔进河里。 真题演练 （2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom? —No, you ________. You can use any colour you like, A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）Fan Jinshi has ________ a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves. She is known to many as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. A．paid B．donated C．brought D．devoted 3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Although the little boy is only 6 years old, he _______ do DIY well with his special mind. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 2. 实义动词按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 （1）.及物动词和不及物动词 类别 注意点及其用法 及物动词（vt） 不能单独使用,后面必须加宾语,通常构成“主谓宾”句式结构；通常构成：①主语+vt.+宾语②主语+vt.+宾语+宾补③主语+vt.+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物) 不及物动词(vi) 可以单独使用,后面可以加介词组成动词短语,常构成：①主语+vi.②主语+vi.+介词+宾语。 （2）延续性动词和非延续性动词 延续性动词 表示动作是可持续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,如:live, stay, study, work, keep, teach等。 非延续性动词 表示瞬间动作,动作一发生便立即结束,如:buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, go, come, catch等。非延续性动词在肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如果和表示一段时间的状语连用,就要用其他词代替。 (3) 动词的基本形式 形式 构成和例词 动词原形 词典中一般给出的形式。如：be, have, do, learn 第三人称单数形式 一般在动词后直接加-s， 如run- runs 以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加-es 如： go-goes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加-es 如:carry- carries 动词-ing的形式 一般在动词后直接加-ing 如：reading 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing 如：live-living 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing如：sit—sitting 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加-ing 如:lie-;lying 过去式和过去分词 (规则变化) 一般在动词后直接加-ed 如：work-worked 以字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d如：invite-invited 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed 如：stop-stopped 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-ed 如：carry-carried 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）I couldn’t ________ what else he has to say. Everyone knows that’s a lie. A．suppose B．imagine C．realize D．consider 2．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A．protects B．compares C．introduces D．discovers 二．动词短语 考点1 同一动词型 ▲come短语 come across偶然遇见;偶然发现;come up with想出;提出;come out出版;出现 ▲put短语 put out熄灭;put away把……收起来;put up张贴;举起;搭建;put on穿上;增加(体重);上演;put off推 ▲look短语 look around环顾四周;look after照顾;look through浏览;逐一查看;look up抬头看;(在词典中)查阅;look up to钦佩;仰慕;look over仔细检查 ▲take短语 take on呈现;take up占用;开始从事;take down写下;记下;take off脱下;起飞; take in吸收;领会 ▲give短语 give up放弃; give in屈服;give out分发;give away捐赠;give off发出(光、热等) ▲turn短语 turn on打开; turn off关掉;turn up调高;出现;turn down调低;拒绝 ;turn to转向;求助于 ▲get短语 get in到达;get used to习惯于(其中to为介词);get over克服;get into进入;参与;陷入;get on/off上/下(车、船、飞机等) 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）To live a green life, we should remember to _________ the lights when we leave a room. A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down 考点2、同一介词/副词型 ▲about短语 care about关心;在意;hear about听说;think about思考;考虑 ▲away短语 pass away去世;go away走开;throw away扔掉;抛弃;stay away from远离 ▲back短语 come back回来;回忆起 ;bring back使回想起;恢复; look back at回顾;talk back顶嘴 ▲off短语 cut off切除;切断; fall off跌落; go off(警报器)响起;pay off偿清(欠款等) ;set off出发;动身; see off送别;show off炫耀 ▲on短语 carry on继续; depend on取决于;依靠; go on继续;发生;hang on稍等;坚持不懈;hold on抓住;坚持;等一等(别挂电话) ▲out短语 act out实现,付诸行动;blow out吹灭; break out爆发;bring out使显现;使表现出;run out用光;用尽; find out查明;弄清;hand out分发 ;work out计算出;解出;想出; try out试验 ▲up短语 cut up切碎;dress up打扮;eat up吃完;end up最终成为;get up起床 ;cheer up使振作;pick up捡起;拾起;开车接;grow up长大;sit/stay up熬夜; ▲for短语 care for照顾;关心; leave for前往 ;look for寻找;prepare for为……做准备;stand for代表 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—I think your grandfather should ________ smoking. —I agree. Smoking is bad for his health. A．put up B．give up C．pick up D．take up 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）I am planning to ________ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long. A．pick up B．turn up C．get up D．look up 一、单项选择题 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）An artificial intelligence chatbot __________ by Deepseek is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 2．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）You ________ very professional when you do some jobs, but you must be serious when you do any job. A．needn’t to be B．needn’t be C．don’t need be D．shouldn’t be 3．（2025·江苏徐州·一模）—It’s popular that some Chinese government officials have turned into live-streamers (网络主播). —Yes. They are trying their best to help local farmers ________ product sales. A．provide B．improve C．afford D．suggest 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—I’m so sorry as he is deaf to my advice again. —Come on, you are ________ your breath! A．losing B．beating C．wasting D．dropping 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Walking exercise ________ be boring sometimes, but on a clear sunny morning there will be nothing finer. A．must B．may C．should D．need 6．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）Jerry _______ the book on the desk, and ________ to her mother that she had finished reading it. A．laid; lain B．lied; laid C．lay; lied D．laid; lied 7．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—EnviGreen bags bring no harm to our environment? —Sure. Made from 12 vegetables, such bags ________ break down naturally in 60 days. A．would B．can C．might D．should 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Travelling abroad may change the way of celebrating the Spring Festival, but the love between the family members ________ the same. A．feels B．means C．lasts D．remains 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）When the summer holiday comes, theme parks like Disneyland usually ______ their ticket prices. A．rise B．raise C．improve D．add 10．（2025·江苏常州·一模）—Can’t we take photos inside the ancient temple? —No, you ________. It’s a rule to protect culture and show respect. A．can B．must C．mustn’t D．may not 11．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—I hear you’re organizing a trip to an auto show including Xiaomi SU7 Ultra next week. ______ me in! —No problem. Just keep in touch on WeChat. A．Matter B．Leave C．Count D．Mind 12．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day? —For your health, you ______ be too careful. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 13．（2025·江苏南通·一模）Live streaming (直播带货) ________ a new chance for local farmers to improve product sales. A．provides B．practices C．promises D．prevents 14．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）To ________ the customers better, the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends. A．help B．serve C．control D．manage 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Most students are busy every day. They can only ________ half an hour talking with their parents. A．spend B．take C．pay D．use 16．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—When I asked Matt about the cause of the accident, he began to talk about other things. —Perhaps he wanted to ________ for someone. A．study B．speak C．cover D．work 17．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）There is a saying that goes, “A plant ________ produce new flowers; man is young but once.” A．may B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：俗话说：“植物可能再次开花；但人只年轻一次。”考查情态动词的用法。may可能，表示可能性；must必须，表示必要性或确定性；should应该，表示建议或义务；need需要，表示必要性。根据句中的“A plant...produce new flowers”可知，此处指的是植物可能再次开花，强调的是一种可能性，应用may表示，故选A。 18．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—Mike, you are late. The talk show ________ since an hour ago. —What a pity! No wonder all the students have left. A．has started B．has been on C．has ended D．has been over 19．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）The book ________ the students with a chance to learn about the history of China. A．prevented B．protected C．prepared D．provided 20．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—________ I use your new dictionary, Andy? —I am afraid you can’t. I am looking up new words for my report now. A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should 21．（2025·江苏泰州·高三期末）—According to the new traffic rules, people ______ wear helmets when riding e-bikes. —Safety comes first. We ______ be too careful. A．can; can’t B．must; can’t C．may; needn’t D．need; mustn’t 22．（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Xi Shuang Lake Scenic Area ________ about 8 square kilometers and it’s famous for its views. A．puts up B．makes up C．picks up D．takes up 23．（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．against B．without C．beyond D．across 24．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Government officials went to the scene of the floods to ________ medicine and tents to the victims. A．hand out B．carry out C．take out D．work out 25．（2025·江苏徐州·一模）Life always ________ to be different from our expectations. Staying calm and giving your best effort is the key. A．works out B．breaks out C．turns out D．runs out 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡高三·期中）You’d better (ask) your parents for advice if you’re not sure. They’re more experienced. 2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）Sometimes he makes the stick so small that he can (keep) it in his ear. 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Wine (葡萄酒) is (make) from grapes. 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）I would prefer (stop) to have a rest rather than go out on such a rainy day. 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）To deal with global energy problems, many countries are made (reduce) their reliance on fossil fuels. 6．He would rather (stay) at home to enjoy a happy weekend. 7．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Let’s join the art club. —That sounds (well). 三．完成句子 1．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）让老人和小孩先走。 old people and children first. 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升国旗。 Many tourists like to the National Flag. 3．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）它位于漓江两岸。 of the Lijiang River. 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）但是，在他们返回地球途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去控制。 However, the spacecraft . 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）他们是如何保持联系的？通过电话交谈。 How did they ? on the phone. 6．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）当我们向帐篷外面看时，我们看见一条大蛇睡在火旁。 When we our tent, we a big snake near the fire. I the piano when I was 5 years . 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）这台机器由于错误操作已经处于失控状态。 The machine incorrect operation. 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）这个宇宙飞船碰巧降落在了海洋的中间。 The spacecraft the ocean. 10．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）很多年轻人期待着作为航母飞行员服役。 Many young people in the aircraft carriers. The grand hotel always customers. 12．对我们来说要找出这个问题的答案是有可能的，因为它很容易。 It is possible for us to the answer to this question because it’s very easy. 13．教授太忙了，我们不得不缩短了会议时间。 The professor was the meeting. 14．这个新的体育馆占据了这个学校的四分之一。 This new gym the school. 四. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (2025江苏省南京市联合体下学期九年级期初) One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 1 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 2 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 3 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.” Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 4 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 5 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either. “Dan, I’m very proud of you for 6 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied. Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 7 . “This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 8 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 9 ?” Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up. “Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 10 it. Do I still have to help?” “Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.” 1．A．bored B．angry C．relaxed D．happy 2．A．how B．when C．why D．what 3．A．work B．town C．hope D．time 4．A．excitedly B．proudly C．worriedly D．politely 5．A．secrets B．changes C．praises D．whispers 6．A．understanding B．describing C．explaining D．announcing 7．A．faster B．slower C．louder D．quieter 8．A．lending B．making C．spending D．raising 9．A．ideas B．questions C．plans D．suggestions 10．A．afford B．cancel C．return D．share 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 动词和动词短语 目录 第一部分：命题趋向（思维导图+中考命题趋向分析+重点掌握） 第二部分：考点探究（知识点罗列+3年真题演练） 第三部分：素养提升（单项选择+ 用动词的适当形式填空+完成句子） 1. 思维导图 2. 趋向分析 在2025年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查题目的动词和动词短语的词义辨析判断以及根据语境和用法进行动词之间的选择。主要考查题型有单项选择、完形填空、短文填空等题型。解答此类试题的关键，是要学会辨析相似短语之间的中文含义，尤其是同一个动词开头的短语或者同一个介词结尾的短语。 一 动词 1.动词的种类 类别 知识点 实义动词 表示动作或状态,能独立作谓语。有人称、数、各种时态和语态的变化. 实义动词数量很多,如study, learn, enjoy, eat, wash, cut, like等 助动词 助动词本身无词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。它必须和实义动词连用,帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。 ⑴be,用于构成进行时态或被动语态(be doing/done) ⑵do/does/did,用于构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句或否定句,也用于含有实义动词的倒装句 ⑶will/shall,用于构成一般将来时(will/shall do) ⑷have/has/had,用于构成完成时(have/has/had done) 系动词 本身有意义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成系表结构,而且有人称、数和各种时态的变化 ⑴状态类:be(是), seem(好像,似乎),keep(保持),remain(保持), stay(保持)等 ⑵感观类:look(看起来),sound (听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(摸起来) ⑶变化类:become(变得),get(成为,变得),turn(变得)等 情态动词 词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,后接动词原形一起构成谓语,大多无人称和数的变化 初中常常学的情态动词有：can/could, may/might, will/would, must, need,have to, should等 【温馨提示】情态动词在中考的几个常考点 ▲情态动词表示推测 1.肯定句中一般用must(一定), may(可能), might/could(也许,或许)。 He must may night know the answer to this question. 他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。 2.否定句中用can't/couldn't(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。 It can't couldn't be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 那不可能是校长，他去美国了。 He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。 注意：此处的might, could并不是may, can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。 ▲ can, may, must, need的问句回答 具体回答请见下表： 疑问句式 肯定回答 否定回答 Can/Could you do sth.? Yes, I/we can/could. No, I/we can't/couldn't. May I do sth.? Yes, you may. No, you mustn't/may not. Must I/we do sth.? Yes, you must. No, you needn't/don't have to. Need I do sth.? Yes, you must. No, you needn't/don't have to. 注意：could, might, would表示委婉请求时，回答常用其对应的情态动词原形。如： --Could I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的词典吗? --Of course, you can. 当然可以。 --Might I ask a question? 我可以提个问题吗? --Yes, you may. 可以。 ▲can表示能力的用法 can表示能力时，意为“能，会”，其否定式can't表示“不能”，过去式分别为could和couldn't。 I have my own room, so I can do what I want in it. 我有自己的房间，所以我在里面可以做自己想做的事。 The boy could answer the question when I asked him just now. 我刚才问这个男孩问题时，他能够答得上来。 ▲must表示义务的用法 must表示必须要做时，意为“必须，应该”，其否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。 Cars, buses and bikes must stop when traffic lights change to red. 小汽车，公共汽车和自行车在红灯时必须停下来。 To make our city more beautiful, rubbish mustn't be thrown into the river, 为了使我们的城市更加美丽，禁止将垃圾扔进河里。 真题演练 （2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom? —No, you ________. You can use any colour you like, A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我必须用粉红色来粉刷我的卧室吗？——不，你不用。你可以用任何你喜欢的颜色。考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“Must I...”可知其否定回答用needn’t。故选D。 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）Fan Jinshi has ________ a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves. She is known to many as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. A．paid B．donated C．brought D．devoted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：樊锦诗将她生命中的很大一部分时间用于研究和保护古老的敦煌石窟。她被许多人称为“敦煌之女”。考查动词辨析。paid支付；donated捐款；brought带来；devoted奉献。根据“a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves”可知，她一生中大部分时间都致力于研究和保护古老的敦煌石窟，devote to“致力于，献身于”，故选D。 3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Although the little boy is only 6 years old, he _______ do DIY well with his special mind. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然这个小男孩只有6岁，但他可以用他特殊的头脑做DIY做得很好。考查情态动词辨析。can可以；can’t不可能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“do DIY well”可知，此处强调能力，能够做DIY，故选A。 2. 实义动词按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 （1）.及物动词和不及物动词 类别 注意点及其用法 及物动词（vt） 不能单独使用,后面必须加宾语,通常构成“主谓宾”句式结构；通常构成：①主语+vt.+宾语②主语+vt.+宾语+宾补③主语+vt.+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物) 不及物动词(vi) 可以单独使用,后面可以加介词组成动词短语,常构成：①主语+vi.②主语+vi.+介词+宾语。 （2）延续性动词和非延续性动词 延续性动词 表示动作是可持续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,如:live, stay, study, work, keep, teach等。 非延续性动词 表示瞬间动作,动作一发生便立即结束,如:buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, go, come, catch等。非延续性动词在肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如果和表示一段时间的状语连用,就要用其他词代替。 (3) 动词的基本形式 形式 构成和例词 动词原形 词典中一般给出的形式。如：be, have, do, learn 第三人称单数形式 一般在动词后直接加-s， 如run- runs 以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词后加-es 如： go-goes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加-es 如:carry- carries 动词-ing的形式 一般在动词后直接加-ing 如：reading 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing 如：live-living 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing如：sit—sitting 少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加-ing 如:lie-;lying 过去式和过去分词 (规则变化) 一般在动词后直接加-ed 如：work-worked 以字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d如：invite-invited 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed 如：stop-stopped 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-ed 如：carry-carried 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）I couldn’t ________ what else he has to say. Everyone knows that’s a lie. A．suppose B．imagine C．realize D．consider 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我无法想象他还会说些什么。每个人都知道那是个谎言。考查动词辨析。suppose推断；imagine想象；realize意识到；consider考虑。根据“I couldn’t ... what else he has to say.”可知，无法想象他还会说些什么。故选B。 2．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A．protects B．compares C．introduces D．discovers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：电影《长安三万里》向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。考查动词辨析。protects保护；compares比较；introduces介绍；discovers发现。根据“China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.”可知这部电影向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。故选C。 二．动词短语 考点1 同一动词型 ▲come短语 come across偶然遇见;偶然发现;come up with想出;提出;come out出版;出现 ▲put短语 put out熄灭;put away把……收起来;put up张贴;举起;搭建;put on穿上;增加(体重);上演;put off推 ▲look短语 look around环顾四周;look after照顾;look through浏览;逐一查看;look up抬头看;(在词典中)查阅;look up to钦佩;仰慕;look over仔细检查 ▲take短语 take on呈现;take up占用;开始从事;take down写下;记下;take off脱下;起飞; take in吸收;领会 ▲give短语 give up放弃; give in屈服;give out分发;give away捐赠;give off发出(光、热等) ▲turn短语 turn on打开; turn off关掉;turn up调高;出现;turn down调低;拒绝 ;turn to转向;求助于 ▲get短语 get in到达;get used to习惯于(其中to为介词);get over克服;get into进入;参与;陷入;get on/off上/下(车、船、飞机等) 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）To live a green life, we should remember to _________ the lights when we leave a room. A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了过绿色生活，我们离开房间时应该记得关灯。考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn off关闭；turn up调高（音量）；turn down调低（音量）。根据“To live a green life”及“the lights when we leave a room”可知，为了环保，离开房间时应该关灯。故选B。 考点2、同一介词/副词型 ▲about短语 care about关心;在意;hear about听说;think about思考;考虑 ▲away短语 pass away去世;go away走开;throw away扔掉;抛弃;stay away from远离 ▲back短语 come back回来;回忆起 ;bring back使回想起;恢复; look back at回顾;talk back顶嘴 ▲off短语 cut off切除;切断; fall off跌落; go off(警报器)响起;pay off偿清(欠款等) ;set off出发;动身; see off送别;show off炫耀 ▲on短语 carry on继续; depend on取决于;依靠; go on继续;发生;hang on稍等;坚持不懈;hold on抓住;坚持;等一等(别挂电话) ▲out短语 act out实现,付诸行动;blow out吹灭; break out爆发;bring out使显现;使表现出;run out用光;用尽; find out查明;弄清;hand out分发 ;work out计算出;解出;想出; try out试验 ▲up短语 cut up切碎;dress up打扮;eat up吃完;end up最终成为;get up起床 ;cheer up使振作;pick up捡起;拾起;开车接;grow up长大;sit/stay up熬夜; ▲for短语 care for照顾;关心; leave for前往 ;look for寻找;prepare for为……做准备;stand for代表 真题演练 1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—I think your grandfather should ________ smoking. —I agree. Smoking is bad for his health. A．put up B．give up C．pick up D．take up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我认为你爷爷应该戒烟。——我同意。吸烟对他的健康有害。考查动词短语。put up张贴；give up放弃；pick up捡起；take up开始从事。根据“Smoking is bad for his health.”可知吸烟对他的健康有害，所以建议爷爷放弃吸烟。故选B。 2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）I am planning to ________ the new hobby in the summer holiday. I won’t spend my spare time on my mobile phone all day long. A．pick up B．turn up C．get up D．look up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我打算在暑假里培养新的爱好。我不会把业余时间都花在玩手机上。考查动词短语。pick up开始从事，学会，捡起；turn up调大；get up起床；look up查找。根据“the new hobby in the summer holiday.”可知，此处是指培养新爱好，应用pick up。故选A。 一、单项选择题 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）An artificial intelligence chatbot __________ by Deepseek is one of the fastest-growing consumer apps in history. A．decided B．divided C．developed D．discovered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Deepseek研发的人工智能聊天机器人是历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序之一。考查词汇辨析。decided被决定；divided被分成；developed被研发；discovered被发现。根据“An artificial intelligence chatbot...by Deepseek is... ”可知，空处缺定语，再根据“one of the fastest-growing consumer apps”可知，空处指 “研发”的应用程序，需用developed作后置定语，修饰主语An artificial intelligence chatbot。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）You ________ very professional when you do some jobs, but you must be serious when you do any job. A．needn’t to be B．needn’t be C．don’t need be D．shouldn’t be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你做某些工作不必苛求专业精通，但对待任何工作都须秉持认真态度。考查情态动词。needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。need作实义动词时，其否定形式为don’t/doesn’t need，且其后应接不定式作宾语，选项A和C都不符合语法规则，应排除；根据“You...very professional when you do some jobs”可知，此处指做某些工作时不必非常专业，needn’t be符合语境。故选B。 3．（2025·江苏徐州·一模）—It’s popular that some Chinese government officials have turned into live-streamers (网络主播). —Yes. They are trying their best to help local farmers ________ product sales. A．provide B．improve C．afford D．suggest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——一些中国政府官员已经变成了网络主播。——是的。他们正在尽力帮助当地农民提高产品销量。考查动词辨析。provide提供；improve提高；afford买得起；suggest推荐。根据“They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ... product sales.”可知，政府官员当网络主播为了帮助当地农民提高产品销量，故选B。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—I’m so sorry as he is deaf to my advice again. —Come on, you are ________ your breath! A．losing B．beating C．wasting D．dropping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我很难过，他又不听我的劝告了。——得了吧，你在白费口舌！考查动词辨析。losing迷失；beating打；wasting浪费；dropping落下。根据“I’m so sorry as he is deaf to my advice again.”可知，此处使用wasting，构成动词短语waste one’s breath“白费口舌”。故选C。 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Walking exercise ________ be boring sometimes, but on a clear sunny morning there will be nothing finer. A．must B．may C．should D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：步行运动有时可能很无聊，但在晴朗的早晨，没有什么比这更好的了。考查动词辨析。must必须；may可能；should应该；need需要。根据“but on a clear sunny morning there will be nothing finer”并结合选项可知，此处句意发生了转折，表示该运动有时可能很无聊，但在晴朗的早晨，没有什么比这更好的了，B项符合。故选B。 6．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）Jerry _______ the book on the desk, and ________ to her mother that she had finished reading it. A．laid; lain B．lied; laid C．lay; lied D．laid; lied 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Jerry把书放在桌子上，对她妈妈撒谎说已经读完了。考查动词辨析和时态。lay放置，过去式为laid，过去分词为laid；lie撒谎，过去式为lied，过去分词为lied；lie躺，过去式lay，过去分词lain。首先根据第一空可知，这里应表示“放置”。lay表示“放置”。根据“had finished”可知，第一句应用一般过去时；lie表示“撒谎”，第二句表示Jerry对她妈妈撒谎说已经读完了，所以空处也用一般过去时，lie的过去式为lied。故选D。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—EnviGreen bags bring no harm to our environment? —Sure. Made from 12 vegetables, such bags ________ break down naturally in 60 days. A．would B．can C．might D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——环保绿袋对我们的环境无害吗？  ——当然。这种袋子由12种蔬菜制成，能够在60天内自然分解。 考查情态动词词义辨析。would将会，常用于过去将来时或表示意愿；can能，能够，表示能力或可能性；might可能，表不确定推测；should应该，表建议、义务或推测。根据“EnviGreen bags bring no harm to our environment”可知，这种袋子对环境无害，由蔬菜制成，有能在60天内自然分解的能力。故这里表示能力，应用can。故选B。 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Travelling abroad may change the way of celebrating the Spring Festival, but the love between the family members ________ the same. A．feels B．means C．lasts D．remains 【答案】D 【详解】句意：出国旅行可能改变庆祝春节的方式，但家人之间的爱依然不变。考查动词辨析。feels感觉，主语通常为人；means意味着，后接名词或从句；lasts持续，后接时间状语；remains保持，作为系动词，可接形容词。根据“the love between the family members…the same”可知，家人之间的爱是保持不变的，故选D。 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）When the summer holiday comes, theme parks like Disneyland usually ______ their ticket prices. A．rise B．raise C．improve D．add 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当暑假来临的时候，像迪斯尼乐园这样的主题公园通常会提高票价。考查动词辨析。rise上升，不及物动词；raise提高价格或数量，及物动词；improve改善；add添加（新事物）。根据“their ticket prices”可知，此处表示调高票价，故选B。 10．（2025·江苏常州·一模）—Can’t we take photos inside the ancient temple? —No, you ________. It’s a rule to protect culture and show respect. A．can B．must C．mustn’t D．may not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们不能在古寺里拍照吗？——不行，你们禁止拍照。这是保护文化和表示尊重的规定。考查情态动词用法。can可以；must必须；mustn’t禁止；may not可能不。根据“It’s a rule to protect…”可知，此处强调规则禁止的行为，需用mustn’t表示强烈否定 (不允许)。故选C。 11．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—I hear you’re organizing a trip to an auto show including Xiaomi SU7 Ultra next week. ______ me in! —No problem. Just keep in touch on WeChat. A．Matter B．Leave C．Count D．Mind 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说你下周要组织一场包括小米SU7 Ultra的车展参观活动。算上我！——没问题，微信保持联系。考查动词辨析。Matter事情、问题；Leave离开、留下；Count数数、计算Mind介意。根据上文“I hear you’re organizing a trip to an auto show including Xiaomi SU7 Ultra next week...me in!”及答句“No problem. Just keep in touch on WeChat.”可知，第一个人听说对方在组织一个车展的旅行，包括小米SU7 Ultra，然后想加入，所以第二个人同意并让通过微信保持联系。“Count me in”是一个固定短语，意思是“算上我”，也就是要参加的意思，符合语境。故选C。 12．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Mum, why do I have to wash hands so many times a day? —For your health, you ______ be too careful. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，为什么我一天要洗这么多次手？——为了你的健康，你再怎么小心也不为过。考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。固定搭配：can’t...too表示“再……也不为过”，所以空格处填can’t。故选A。 13．（2025·江苏南通·一模）Live streaming (直播带货) ________ a new chance for local farmers to improve product sales. A．provides B．practices C．promises D．prevents 【答案】A 【详解】句意：直播为当地农民提高产品销售提供了新的机会。考查动词辨析。provides提供；practices练习；promises承诺；prevents预防。根据“a new chance for”可知，是为当地人提供机会，故选A。 14．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）To ________ the customers better, the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends. A．help B．serve C．control D．manage 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了更好地为顾客服务，餐厅在周末提供免费饮料。考查动词辨析。help帮助；serve服务；control控制；manage管理。根据“To ... the customers better, the restaurant provides free drinks during weekends.”可知，此处指的是餐厅为了更好地服务顾客。故选B。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Most students are busy every day. They can only ________ half an hour talking with their parents. A．spend B．take C．pay D．use 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大多数学生每天都很忙。他们只能花半个小时和父母交谈。考查动词辨析。spend花费，主语通常是人，常用结构有“spend+时间/金钱+on sth.”或“spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.”；take花费，主语通常是it，常用句型是“It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.”；pay花费，支付，主语通常是人，一般用于“pay (sb.) for sth.”结构；use使用。根据“They can only ... half an hour talking”可知，此处是spend time doing sth。故选A。 16．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—When I asked Matt about the cause of the accident, he began to talk about other things. —Perhaps he wanted to ________ for someone. A．study B．speak C．cover D．work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当我问Matt事故的原因时，他开始谈论其他事情。——也许他是想为某人掩盖。考查动词辨析。study学习；speak说话；cover掩盖；work工作。A项意为“学习”；B项意为“说话”；C项意为“掩盖”；D项意为“工作”。根据”he began to talk about other things.“，Matt在回答事故原因时转移话题，可能是为了“掩盖”某些事实或保护某人。故选C。 17．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）There is a saying that goes, “A plant ________ produce new flowers; man is young but once.” A．may B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：俗话说：“植物可能再次开花；但人只年轻一次。”考查情态动词的用法。may可能，表示可能性；must必须，表示必要性或确定性；should应该，表示建议或义务；need需要，表示必要性。根据句中的“A plant...produce new flowers”可知，此处指的是植物可能再次开花，强调的是一种可能性，应用may表示，故选A。 18．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—Mike, you are late. The talk show ________ since an hour ago. —What a pity! No wonder all the students have left. A．has started B．has been on C．has ended D．has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Mike，你迟到了。脱口秀一小时前就结束了。——真遗憾！难怪所有学生都走了。考查现在完成时。has started已经开始；has been on已经开始并持续；has ended已经结束；has been over已经结束。根据“What a pity! No wonder all the students have left.”可知学生们都离开了，脱口秀应是已经结束了，结合“since an hour ago”可知用持续性动词，此处用has been over。故选D。 19．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）The book ________ the students with a chance to learn about the history of China. A．prevented B．protected C．prepared D．provided 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这本书为学生提供了了解中国历史的机会。考查动词辨析。prevented阻止；protected保护；prepared准备；provided提供。provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。故选D。 20．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—________ I use your new dictionary, Andy? —I am afraid you can’t. I am looking up new words for my report now. A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我可以用一下你的新字典吗，安迪？——恐怕不行。我现在正在为我的报告查新单词。考查情态动词。May可以；Must必须；Need需要；Should需要。根据“I am afraid you can’t”可知此处是表示请求允许，应用May I...句型。故选A。 21．（2025·江苏泰州·高三期末）—According to the new traffic rules, people ______ wear helmets when riding e-bikes. —Safety comes first. We ______ be too careful. A．can; can’t B．must; can’t C．may; needn’t D．need; mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——根据新的交通规则，人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。——安全第一。我们再小心也不为过。考查动词辨析。can能；must必须；may可以；need需要；can’t不能；needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止。根据“people…wear helmets when riding e-bikes.”可知，骑电动车必须佩戴头盔，应填must；根据“Safety comes first.”可知，第二空强调安全第一，can’t be too careful“再小心也不为过”符合语境。故选B。 22．（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Xi Shuang Lake Scenic Area ________ about 8 square kilometers and it’s famous for its views. A．puts up B．makes up C．picks up D．takes up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：西双湖风景区占地约8平方公里，风景秀丽。考查动词短语。puts up张贴；makes up编造；picks up捡起；takes up占用。根据空后的“about 8 square kilometers”并结合选项可知，此处指占地面积，D项符合。故选D。 23．（2025·江苏连云港·一模）Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．against B．without C．beyond D．across 【答案】A 【详解】句意：像哪吒一样，我们应该对抗一切困难来实现梦想。考查介词辨析和动词短语。against对抗；without没有；beyond超越；across穿过。根据“all the difficulties”可知此处是固定短语fight against“与……斗争”，强调克服困难，故选A。 24．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Government officials went to the scene of the floods to ________ medicine and tents to the victims. A．hand out B．carry out C．take out D．work out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：政府官员前往洪灾现场向灾民分发药品和帐篷。 考查动词短语辨析。hand out分发、散发；carry out执行、实施、开展；take out取出、拿出、去掉；work out解决、算出、制定出。根据“Government officials went to the scene of the floods to...medicine and tents to the victims.”可知，句中表述官员们前往洪灾现场把药品和帐篷“分发”给灾民。此处使用“hand out”意为“分发”符合语境。“hand out medicine and tents”指“分发药品和帐篷”。故选A。 25．（2025·江苏徐州·一模）Life always ________ to be different from our expectations. Staying calm and giving your best effort is the key. A．works out B．breaks out C．turns out D．runs out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：生活总是结果和我们的期望不同。保持冷静和尽你最大的努力是关键。考查动词短语。works out解决；breaks out爆发；turns out结果是；runs out用完。根据“Life always...to be different from our expectations.”可知，是说结果和期望不同，故选C。 二．用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡高三·期中）You’d better (ask) your parents for advice if you’re not sure. They’re more experienced. 【答案】ask 【详解】句意：如果你不确定，最好向父母征求意见。他们更有经验。根据“You’d better...”可知此处是短语had better do sth.“最好做某事”，因此ask“询问”使用原形即可。故填ask。 2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）Sometimes he makes the stick so small that he can (keep) it in his ear.【答案】keep 【详解】句意：有时他把棍子变得很小，可以放在耳朵里。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填keep。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）Wine (葡萄酒) is (make) from grapes. 【答案】made 【详解】句意：葡萄酒由葡萄制成。make制作，为动词。根据“Wine (葡萄酒) is...from grapes.”可知此句想表达“葡萄酒由葡萄制成”，be made from为固定短语，意思是“由……制成”，故填made。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）I would prefer (stop) to have a rest rather than go out on such a rainy day. 【答案】to stop 【详解】句意：在这样的下雨天，我宁愿停下来休息一下，也不愿出去。根据“prefer...to have a rest rather than go out”可知，此处是短语prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做……而不愿做”，故填to stop。 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）To deal with global energy problems, many countries are made (reduce) their reliance on fossil fuels. 【答案】to reduce 【详解】句意：为了应对全球能源问题，许多国家被迫减少对化石燃料的依赖。根据“To deal with global energy problems, many countries are made...their reliance on fossil fuels.可知，此处指的是 “减少对化石燃料的依赖”，此处是be made to do的结构，空处用不定式形式，故填to reduce。 6．He would rather (stay) at home to enjoy a happy weekend. 【答案】stay 【详解】句意：为了享受一个快乐的周末他宁愿待在家里。stay“待在”，would rather do sth“宁愿做某事”，空处应用动词原形。故填stay。 7．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Let’s join the art club. —That sounds (well). 【答案】good 【详解】句意：——让我们加入美术社团吧。——那听起来不错。sound意为“听起来”，是感官动词，后跟形容词作表语，well意为“好（地）”，是副词，其对应的形容词是good，故填good。 三．完成句子 1．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）让老人和小孩先走。 old people and children first. 【答案】 Let/Make/Have go 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，句子缺少”让”和”走”；let/make/have sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”；先走在英文中可以表达为“go first”；该句为英文中的祈使句，用动词原形开头且首字母大写，表达一种建议或命令。故填Let/Make/Have；go。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在那里观看升国旗。 Many tourists like to the National Flag. 【答案】gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of 【详解】 根据中英文提示，空格处缺少“一大早聚集在那里观看升（国旗）”的表达；gather there表示“聚集在那里”，动词不定式to后接动词原形；early in the morning表示“一大早”，作时间状语；to watch the raising of the National Flag表示“观看升国旗仪式”，动词不定式在此处作目的状语。故填gather there early in the morning to watch the raising of 。 3．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）它位于漓江两岸。 of the Lijiang River. 【答案】It lies on both sides 【详解】it“它”；lie on“位于”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单；both sides“两边”。故填It lies on both sides。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）但是，在他们返回地球途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去控制。 However, the spacecraft . 【答案】 on their way back to the Earth began spinning and went out of control 【详解】“返回某地途中”on one’s way back to；“地球”the Earth；根据“他们”可知one’s在此处用their；“开始做某事”begin doing sth.；“旋转”spin；“失去控制”go out of control。根据汉语意思可知用一般过去时。故填on their way back to the Earth；began spinning and went out of control。 5．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）他们是如何保持联系的？通过电话交谈。 How did they ? on the phone. 【答案】 keep in touch By talking 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“保持联系”、“通过”和“交谈”的英文。本句中，“keep in touch”表示“保持联系”，固定搭配，此处是特殊疑问句，助动词后要跟动词原形；“By”表示“通过”，介词，后跟动名词表示方式，且位于句首，首字母需要大写；“talking”表示“交谈”，位于介词后，因此使用了动名词形式。故填keep；in；touch；By；talking。 6．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）当我们向帐篷外面看时，我们看见一条大蛇睡在火旁。 When we our tent, we a big snake near the fire. 【答案】 looked out of saw sleeping 【详解】结合中英文及空格数提示可知，前半句缺“朝……外面看”，其对应的英文表达为“look out of”，为动词短语，此处是描述过去的动作，时态应为一般过去时，应用其对应的过去式looked作谓语；后半句缺“看见……正在睡觉”，“看见某人做某事”的英文表达为“see sb. doing sth.”，“睡觉”的英文表达为sleep，前后句时态一致，此处也应用see的过去式saw作谓语。故填looked；out；of；saw；sleeping。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）我五岁的时候开始弹钢琴。 I the piano when I was 5 years . 【答案】 began/started playing old 【详解】“开始做某事”begin/start doing sth,;“弹奏”play；“……岁”... years old；根据“when I was 5 years old”可知时态是一般过去时。故填began/started；playing；old。 8．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）这台机器由于错误操作已经处于失控状态。 The machine incorrect operation. 【答案】has been out of control because of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“已经处于失控状态”和“由于”的英文内容。句中“已经处于”表明句子时态应该用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。“处于失控状态”英文表达为“be out of control”，主语“the machine”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用“has”，“be”的过去分词为“been”；“由于”英文表达为“because of”，后接名词短语“incorrect operation”。故填has been out of control because of。 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）这个宇宙飞船碰巧降落在了海洋的中间。 The spacecraft the ocean. 【答案】happened to land in the middle of 【详解】“碰巧做某事”happen to do sth；“降落”land；“在……中间”in the middle of，根据汉语可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式。故填happened to land in the middle of。 10．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）很多年轻人期待着作为航母飞行员服役。 Many young people in the aircraft carriers. 【答案】 look forward to serving/expect to serve 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺少“期待着服役”，英语表达为look forward to serving/expect to serve，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填look forward to serving/expect to serve。 11．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）这家豪华大酒店总是给顾客提供高水准的服务。 The grand hotel always customers. 【答案】provides high-level service for 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“给……提供高水准的服务”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查provide sth. for sb.“为某人提供某物”，动词短语；又根据“always”可知，句子时态应用一般现在时，主语“The grand hotel”为单数，谓语动词应用三单形式provides；high-level service“高水准的服务”，其中service“服务”，不可数名词。故填provides high-level service for。 12．对我们来说要找出这个问题的答案是有可能的，因为它很容易。 It is possible for us to the answer to this question because it’s very easy. 【答案】 find out 【详解】根据中文意思提示可知，此处缺少“找出”的短语。find out意为“找出”，此空是放在句型“It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.”中。故填find out。 13．教授太忙了，我们不得不缩短了会议时间。 The professor was the meeting. 【答案】 so busy that we had to cut short/ too busy and we had to cut short/very busy and we had to cut short 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“太忙了，我们不得不缩短”，busy“忙的”，we“我们”，have to“不得不”，cut short“缩短”；根据“was”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词have要变成过去式had；①句子可采用so...that...“如此……以至于……”，译作so busy that we had to cut short；②也可采用and连接两个并列句，“太”可用too或very表示，译作too/very busy and we had to cut short。故填so busy that we had to cut short/too/very busy and we had to cut short。 14．这个新的体育馆占据了这个学校的四分之一。 This new gym the school. 【答案】takes up one quarter of/takes up one fourth of 【详解】根据句意可知，空白处表示“占据……的四分之一”，take up占据，动词短语，在句中作谓语，此句为一般现在时，主语“This new gym”为第三人称单数，take用第三人称单数形式；表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，四分之一表达为one fourth或one quarter，其后跟介词of表示所属关系。故填takes up one quarter/one fourth of。 四. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 (2025江苏省南京市联合体下学期九年级期初) One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 1 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 2 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 3 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.” Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 4 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 5 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either. “Dan, I’m very proud of you for 6 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied. Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 7 . “This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 8 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 9 ?” Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up. “Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 10 it. Do I still have to help?” “Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.” 1．A．bored B．angry C．relaxed D．happy 2．A．how B．when C．why D．what 3．A．work B．town C．hope D．time 4．A．excitedly B．proudly C．worriedly D．politely 5．A．secrets B．changes C．praises D．whispers 6．A．understanding B．describing C．explaining D．announcing 7．A．faster B．slower C．louder D．quieter 8．A．lending B．making C．spending D．raising 9．A．ideas B．questions C．plans D．suggestions 10．A．afford B．cancel C．return D．share 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的班级要去旅行，作者没有钱，且羞于承认。班级里同样没有钱去旅行的丹尼诚实勇敢地说明了自己的境况，获得了老师的称赞。最后老师让学生自己筹集资金来参加这次旅行。 1．句意：感到如此被冷落让我很生气。bored无聊的；angry生气的；relaxed放松的；happy开心的。根据“knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me…to feel so left out.”可知，作者没有钱去旅行，感到被冷落，所以生气。故选B。 2．句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。”how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么；what什么。根据“He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going.”及“It’s too much money for me…”可知，此处是老师询问丹尼为什么不能去旅行。故选C。 3．句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。”work工作；town城镇；hope希望；time时间。根据“My dad hurt his back and has been out of …for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.”可知，丹尼父亲的背受伤了，已经失业了，所以丹尼不会向父母要钱。故选A。 4．句意：丹尼在座位上坐了下来，骄傲地抬起头，尽管窃窃私语已经开始了。excitedly兴奋地；proudly骄傲地；worriedly担忧地；politely有礼貌地。根据“Danny held his head up”及上文可知，丹尼诚实地告诉大家自己的境况，骄傲地抬起头。故选B。 5．句意：我只能安静地坐在座位上，知道如果他们发现我也去不了，那些窃窃私语可能就是针对我的。secrets秘密；changes改变；praises称赞；whispers低语，私语。根据“even though whispering had already begun”可知，作者觉得如果同学们知道自己也没钱去旅行，那同学们也会窃窃私语。故选D。 6．句意：“丹，你能理解你父母的处境，我为你感到骄傲，”西姆斯回答说。understanding理解；describing描述；explaining解释；announcing宣布。根据“the situation that your parents are in”可知，丹尼理解父母的处境，所以放弃了旅行。故选A。 7．句意：看到学生们在后面窃窃私语，西姆斯先生又说话了，只是声音更大了。faster更快的；slower更慢的；louder更大声的；quieter更安静的。根据“Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again”可知，同学们在窃窃私语，所以老师用更大声音说话。故选C。 8．句意：这次旅行要到月底才开始，所以有足够的时间来筹集资金。lending借出；making制作；spending花费；raising筹集。根据“The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money…”及下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，这次旅行的费用不再是同学们向自己的父母要，而是自己筹集资金。故选D。 9．句意：有什么问题吗？ideas想法；questions问题；plans计划；suggestions建议。根据下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，老师提出建议后，问同学们还有什么问题。故选B。 10．句意：嗯，西姆斯先生，我父母负担得起。afford负担得起；cancel取消；return返回；share分享。根据“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help?”可知，谢莉觉得父母承担得起这次旅行的费用，所以询问自己是否还要参与到这次筹钱的活动中。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$