精品解析：广东省惠州市惠城区惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题

惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期月考 英语试卷 试卷共8页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Having a quality first aid kit allows you to treat minor injuries, prevent infections, and even increase the chances of keeping an accident victim alive until proper medical help arrives. We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online. Adventure Medical Kit Recommended uses: Picnics Item Feature: Kit measures approximately 6x8.5x3 inches. It provides critical information on wound care,stabilizing sprains, and medications for children. It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags. Protect Life Kit Recommended uses: Traveling Item Feature: Designed by doctors and EM’Ts & CPR instructors, the first aid medical kit is packed full of first aid supplies. It is packed in a hardshell case with lightweight. The bag can be refilled, so it is an ideal mini first aid kit for businesses. Disaster Zone Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: The pack is designed for first responders in disaster zones, with all emergency necessities.Whatever adventures you engage in, take our tactical first aid kit. Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch. Outdoor Emergency Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: Designed by survivalists, it contains essential first aid supplies and survival tools required for emergencies. Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures. It is stuffed with blanket, flashlight, multi-function bracelet (compass, whistle), knife, two 12-hour glow sticks and emergency raincoats. 1. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the best first aid kits. B. To ask the readers to buy first aid kits. C. To advocate the importance of first aid. D. To inform the readers of online first aid. 2. Which kit promises medical team support? A. Adventure Medical Kit. B. Protect Life Kit. C. Disaster Zone Kit. D. Outdoor Emergency Kit. 3. What do Adventure Medical Kit and Outdoor Emergency Kit have in common? A. They are light-weighted. B. They are water-resistant. C. They are intended for children. D. They are designed by rescuers. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些最好的急救箱。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online.(我们在实验室里测试了几十个最好用的急救箱。根据我们的测试，这里是网上最好的)”可知，文章主要介绍了经过测试最好的急救箱，故本文目的是介绍一些最好的急救箱，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Disaster Zone Kit部分中“Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch.(如果您在没有急救箱的情况下遇到任何问题，请立即与我们联系，我们的医疗团队将与您联系)”可知，灾难急救箱有医疗团队支持，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Adventure Medical Kit部分中“It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags.(它包含了广泛的药物治疗疼痛，和常见的过敏，包装在尼龙外袋与防水内塑料储存袋)”和Outdoor Emergency Kit部分中“Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures.(这款防水装备只有2磅重，是你冒险的必备装备)”可知，两款急救箱的共同点是防水，故选B。 B Rain or shine, Tsering Chopa treks (艰苦跋涉) for long hours to deliver mail. For 18 years, the Tibetan mailman has been an important link between a remote, high-altitude settlement and the rest of the world. At 5,373 meters above sea level, Pumachangthang in Nakarze county of the Xizang autonomous region is China’s highest township(乡镇). The oxygen level is less than 40 percent and the annual average temperature is –7℃ . However, these weren’t the biggest challenges for a postal service. The area of the township is about 1,500 square kilometers, but its population is less than 2,000. The distance from the county town is some 70 km and a single trip to all the six villages can be as long as 160 km. The dogged perseverance required to get the job done under such conditions needs no further explanation. The busiest time for Tsering Chopa is between July and August each year, when students are waiting for their admission letters from various universities. He recalls once he had to deliver mail to one student whose family had already moved away. He had to quiz neighbors several times to find the new address. It was summer and the usual road to the village was blocked because of rain. He trekked for more than 20 km and grappled with shortness of breath all the way to finally deliver the letter. “I don’t mind the hardships because it is not easy for students from remote villages to get college admission. It was my duty to deliver the mail on time,” he says. One night in February 2019, a local resident Nyima Tsering’s daughter had fainted and desperately needed help. Knowing that, the mailman arranged for a car right away and sent her to the county hospital. He also gave some cash to the family for the girl’s treatment. Nyima Tsering’s daughter recovered soon, and Tsering Chopa became an idol in the village. “I will never forget his compassion and kindness,” says the grateful father. In 2019, Tsering Chopa received the China Youth May Fourth Medal. “It is an acknowledgment of what I do and a token of encouragement as well,” he says. “And I want to help more people living in remote areas. I want to bring the world closer to them and take them closer to the world.” 4. Which is the most challenging part of Tsering Chopa’s work? A. Trekking for long distances. B. Suffering from cold temperatures. C. Standing extremely bad road conditions. D. Adapting to the high-altitude environment. 5. What words can best describe Tsering Chopa according to paragraph 2? A. Optimistic and cautious. B. Generous and intelligent. C. Courageous and ambitious. D. Persistent and responsible. 6. How did Tsering Chopa help Nyima Tsering? A. Tsering Chopa fixed his car for free. B. Tsering Chopa saved his daughter’s life. C. Tsering Chopa delivered his admission letters quickly. D. Tsering Chopa drove him to a hospital for treatment. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Hardship Makes a Good Postman B. A Mailman Shows Kindness to Students C. A Postman in Tiebet Bridges Huge Gap D. Post Service Creates a Convenient Life 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了西藏地区一个高海拔的边远乡镇Pumachangthang的邮递员Tsering Chopa在艰苦的条件下长时间跋涉送信的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Rain or shine, Tsering Chopa treks (艰苦跋涉) for long hours to deliver mail. (无论晴雨，Tsering Chopa都要长途跋涉好几个小时去投递邮件。)”；“The area of the township is about 1,500 square kilometers, but its population is less than 2,000. The distance from the county town is some 70 km and a single trip to all the six villages can be as long as 160 km. The dogged perseverance required to get the job done under such conditions needs no further explanation.(这个乡镇的面积约为1,500平方公里，但人口不到2,000人。距离县城大约70公里，到所有六个村庄的单程距离可能长达160公里。在这种条件下完成工作所需的坚持不懈是不言而喻的。)”可知，Tsering Chopa到所有六个村庄的单程距离可能长达160公里，因此工作最艰难的部分是需要长途跋涉完成投递送信。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He recalls once he had to deliver mail to one student whose family had already moved away. He had to quiz neighbors several times to find the new address. (他回忆说，有一次他不得不给一个家庭已经搬走的学生送邮件。他不得不询问邻居好几次才找到新地址。)”；“He trekked for more than 20 km and grappled with shortness of breath all the way to finally deliver the letter. (他跋涉了20多公里，一路上呼吸急促，终于把信送到了目的地。)”以及“I don’t mind the hardships because it is not easy for students from remote villages to get college admission. It was my duty to deliver the mail on time(我不介意这些困难，因为对于来自偏远农村的学生来说，获得大学录取并不容易。按时送信是我的职责。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Tsering Chopa长途跋涉，经过多番努力终于把一封信送到了一个家庭已经搬走的学生，同时Tsering Chopa表达说不论困难如何，按时送信是他的工作职责，由此推断出Tsering Chopa是有毅力，有责任心。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Knowing that, the mailman arranged for a car right away and sent her to the county hospital. He also gave some cash to the family for the girl’s treatment. Nyima Tsering’s daughter recovered soon, and Tsering Chopa became an idol in the village.( Tsering Chopa知道了，马上安排了一辆车，把她送到了县医院。他还给了女孩的家人一些现金作为治疗费用。Nyima Tsering的女儿很快就康复了，Tsering Chopa也成了村里的偶像。)”可知，Tsering Chopa帮忙救Nyima Tsering女儿的命。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是这篇文章讲述了西藏地区一个高海拔的边远乡镇Pumachangthang的邮递员Tsering Chopa在艰苦的条件下长时间跋涉送信的故事。C选项“A Postman in Tiebet Bridges Huge Gap(西藏邮差弥合巨大鸿沟)”概括文章的主题，适合文章标题。故选C。 C In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing. In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically. Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi’s and Adıdas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly. Researchers said they could soon unlock a stage where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabrics that can shape-shift. Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave (编织) into sheets of fabric. These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes. But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential.” It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry (洗衣房), she said. Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward. “Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life.” she said. 8. What led to the creation of “The Right Trousers”? A. An electrical pump. B. A health issue. C. A tiny tube. D. A creative film. 9. What did scientists at MIT do last year? A. They put sensors in clothes. B They created movable robotic fibers. C. They made batteries for robotic clothing. D. They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. 10. What does Do’s team find challenging? A. Reducing the size of robotic tubes. B. Keeping robotic tubes’ shape unchanged. C. Programming the shape of robotic tubes. D. Weaving robotic tubes into various fabrics. 11. What is Rebecca’s attitude toward the future of smart clothing? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了智能服装的研发进展及未来展望。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. (在电影《错误的裤子》中，有一条未来主义的裤子能让人们在墙壁和天花板上行走。受此启发，英国的研究人员开发出了“正确的裤子”，这种裤子内置了电动泵，可以向微小的管道中充气使其膨胀，从而帮助老年人或残疾人解决起身或改善血液循环等问题)”可知，研究人员受到了一部有创意的电影的启发，发明了“正确的裤子”。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. (去年，麻省理工学院的科学家们制造了可以嵌入衣物中的纤维电池，为智能服装供电)”可知，去年麻省理工学院为机器人服装制造电池。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. (但对于Do的团队来说，仍然存在挑战，尤其是如何使这些机器人管道变得更小，以便更容易与其他面料编织在一起)”可知，Do的团队认为减小机器人管道的尺寸具有挑战性。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life. (最近的突破指向了一个不太遥远的未来，那时智能服装将成为我们日常生活的一部分)”可推知，Rebecca对智能服装未来的发展充满希望。故选D。 D What makes people so special? Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as exclusively human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well. Among the invertebrates (无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness. Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families — grandmother, mother, and daughter — all feeding in this highly specialized way. Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark. 12. The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they _____. A. are not easy to fool B. prefer fruit to vegetables C. have a special taste for food D. have an awareness of equality 13. What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins? A. Social interaction. B. Intelligence. C. Tool using ability. D. Fun-loving spirits. 14. What makes dolphin culture special? A. They tend to hunt in groups. B. Their hunting skills are passed down. C. Their learning environment is favourable. D. Their families are typically female-controlled. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror. B. Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby. C. Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species. D Dolphins’ ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通常被认为是人类独有的一些特征实际上不仅存在于陆地上，也存在于海洋中，八爪鱼具有高度的智慧，而海豚具有与人类极为相似的文化和意识，它们能将捕食技能代代相传，而且可以识别镜子中自己的镜像。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. (人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具，大猩猩有公平竞争的意识，甚至在看到邻居得到葡萄时拒绝胡萝卜(它们通常会接受)，这也许并不奇怪。)”可知，大猩猩在看到邻居得到葡萄时会拒绝胡萝卜，这表明它们有平等意识。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators (但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活，因此缺乏文化群落。另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的捕食者)”可知，与海豚相比，八爪鱼缺乏群体生活中的社会性的互动。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families — grandmother, mother, and daughter — all feeding in this highly specialized way. (从这个意义上讲，许多动物都有文化，但海豚的与众不同之处在于它们传递的东西。一些宽吻海豚嘴里含着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来搜寻隐藏在海底的鱼。这种能力是代代相传的(尤其是在雌性中)，有些家庭——祖母、母亲和女儿——都以这种高度专业化的方式喂养。)”可知，海豚的捕食技能代代相传，这使得它们的文化很特别。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark. (当面对镜子时，大多数动物的行为就好像它们在与另一个个体互动。即使是人类，在18个月之前也无法识别镜子里的形象是自己。海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花更多的时间在镜子前看这个标记。)”可知，大多数动物，包括不满18个月的人类，都无法识别镜子中的自己，而海豚却具备这种能力，而且能意识到自己身上的特别标记。由此可知，海豚识别自己镜像的能力是一种高阶的心智技能。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. ____16____ And it’s hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it’s already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years. ____17____ “When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist. Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. “It stops producing melatonin in your brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy morning feeling,” Breus says. It also sets a mental time r to produce melatonin, the so-called sleep hormone, that evening. Aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light first and two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. ___18___ Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. ____19____ And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom. ___20___ If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning. A. Avoid arguments with your family. B. Handle your troubles before dinner. C. It signals your brain that it is time to be awake. D. It contributes to good health when exposed to light. E. It’s normal to wake up at night, especially as you age. F. A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. G. When people cut them down, their average toilet trips decreased. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。主要说明了当代社会，很多人都出现了睡眠质量问题，本文提出了几条建议，以帮助读者提高睡眠质量。 【16题详解】 根据上文“With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep.(随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡)”描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题，后文“And it’s hard to fall back asleep again.(而且很难再次入睡)”描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题，故E选项“随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常”，在此处能起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years.(美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头)”提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头，下文““When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.(“当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，”临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说)”继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 “one”指代上文的 pillow，进一步解释原因：用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据本段首句“Get an hour of sunlight each day.(每天享受一小时的阳光)”可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的“It” 指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。C选项“它告诉你的大脑是时候清醒了”符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查)”以及后文“And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom.(而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间)”可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 “摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间”的论述相呼应。G选项“当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据后文“If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning.(如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁)”可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。故B选项“本段的建议应该是在晚饭前处理好麻烦”符合语境。故选B。 第二部分 语言运用(共四节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Elizabeth Anionwu, who received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to ____21____ the lives of thousands in the local community who are ____22____ from sickle cell disease. Born in 1947 to a 20-year-old Irish student and a Nigerian law student, Elizabeth was ____23____ by poverty in her early life, which led her family to put her in an organization ____24____ by a woman. It was a childhood filled with ____25____—in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as a ____26____ for wetting the bed. “The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired. Even now, decades later, I still remember that ____27____ conduct.” But a kind-hearted nursing woman who treated her illness when she was four ____28____ her to become a nurse. At 16 she started working as a nurse in the school ____29____. It was the start of a 50-year _____30_____ as a nurse and professor. Her _____31_____ for helping the sick led her, alongside Dr. Misha Brozovic to set up the UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia (地中海贫血症) _____32_____ centre in 1979. Dame (女爵士) Elizabeth, now 72, became the UK’s first sickle cell disease nurse specialist. She was _____33_____ involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society, which this year _____34_____ its 41st anniversary. In 2019, Dame Elizabeth was _____35_____ with the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. 21. A. increasing B. improving C. treating D. perfecting 22. A. leaving B. learning C. retiring D. suffering 23. A. deserted B. ignored C. troubled D. defeated 24. A. operated B. abandoned C. donated D. discovered 25. A. cruelty B. surprise C. kindness D. wilderness 26. A. lesson B. punishment C. lecture D. award 27. A. undesirable B. unimaginative C. insensible D. inhuman 28 A. begged B. required C. inspired D. reminded 29. A. stadium B. library C. campus D. clinic 30. A. journey B. devotion C. development D. career 31. A. freedom B. passion C. sympathy D. anxiety 32. A. living B. resting C. consulting D. exchanging 33. A. currently B. fortunately C. actively D. eventually 34. A. celebrated B. hosted C. congratulated D. remembered 35. A. appointed B. provided C. offered D. presented 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得四个荣誉学位，以及她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名患有镰状细胞病的人的生活的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得了四个荣誉学位，她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名镰状细胞病患者的生活。A. increasing增加；B. improving改善；C. treating对待；D. perfecting使完美。根据上文“her excellent work in nursing”可知，她护理工作很出色，一生致力于改善当地镰状细胞病患者的生活。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得了四个荣誉学位，她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名镰状细胞病患者的生活。A. leaving离开；B. learning学习；C. retiring退休；D. suffering患病。根据下文“sickle cell disease”可知，此处是指镰状细胞病患者，空格处意为“患病”。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白出生于1947年，父母是一名20岁的爱尔兰学生和一名尼日利亚法律学生。她早年因贫困而备受困扰，因此她的家人把她安排在一个由女性经营的组织里。A. deserted抛弃；B. ignored忽视；C. troubled使困扰，苦恼；D. defeated打败。根据下文“by poverty in her early life”可知，她是被贫困困扰。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白出生于1947年，父母是一名20岁的爱尔兰学生和一名尼日利亚法律学生。她早年因贫困而备受困扰，因此她的家人把她安排在一个由女性经营的组织里。A. operated管理，经营；B. abandoned放弃；C. donated捐赠；D. discovered发现。根据上文“an organization”和下文“by a woman”可知，那个组织是由一个女性经营的。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满残酷的童年——在组织里，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。A. cruelty残酷；B. surprise惊讶；C. kindness善良；D. wilderness荒野。根据上文“in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head”可知，她的童年充满了残酷。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满残酷的童年——在组织里，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。A. lesson课；B. punishment惩罚；C. lecture讲座；D. award奖，奖品。根据上文“she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as”和下文“wetting the bed”可知，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是几十年后的今天，我仍然记得那次不人道的行为。A. undesirable不想要的；B. unimaginative缺乏想象力的；C. insensible无知觉的；D. inhuman不人道的。根据上文“The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired”可知，作者觉得多年过去以后她仍然会记得自己被打的这种不人道的行为。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一位善良的护士在她四岁时为她治病，激励她成为一名护士。A. begged乞求；B. required要求；C. inspired激励；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“to become a nurse”可知，那位护士激励她成为护士。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：16岁时，她开始在学校诊所当护士。A. stadium体育场；B. library图书馆；C. campus校园；D. clinic诊所。根据上文“working as a nurse”可知，她在学校诊所当护士。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她50年护士和教授生涯的开始。A. journey旅程；B. devotion奉献；C. development发展；D. career职业生涯。根据下文“as a nurse and professor”可知，这是她50年护士和教授生涯的开始。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对帮助病人的热情使她与Dr. Misha Brozovic一起在1979年建立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。A. freedom自由；B. passion热情；C. sympathy同情心；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“for helping the sick”可知，她有着帮助病人的热情。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对帮助病人的热情使她与Dr. Misha Brozovic一起在1979年建立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。A. living生活；B. resting休息；C. consulting咨询；D. exchanging交换。根据上文“UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia”和下文“centre”可知，她和Dr. Misha Brozovic一起成立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会，今年庆祝其成立41周年。A. currently目前；B. fortunately幸运的是；C. actively积极地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society”可知，她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会，今年庆祝其成立41周年。A. celebrated庆祝；B. hosted举办；C. congratulated祝贺；D. remembered记得。根据下文“its 41st anniversary”可知，今年要庆祝这个协会成立41年。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，伊丽莎白爵士因其在护理方面的卓越服务被授予英国终身成就奖。A. appointed委派；B. provided提供；C. offered提供；D. presented授予。根据下文“the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award”可知，她被授予英国终身成就奖。故选D。 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the center of Reykjavik, Iceland, stands a museum ___36___ (create) by Lillian Hopps, which symbolizes the friendship between Icelandic and Chinese people. A passionate admirer of Chinese heritage, Lillian began her journey to learn about China in the 1990s, a time ___37___ she deeply engaged herself in exploring China’s rich culture. Her passion transformed her home into a place filled with Chinese artifacts, which ___38___ (eventual) led to the establishment of a museum in Reykjavik. The museum ___39___ (house) an extensive collection of cultural relics, from ancient clothing ___40___ contemporary art, displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization. Lillian’s work goes beyond just ___41___ (exhibit) these items; she brings the culture alive through highly ___42___ (interact) activities like tea performances, calligraphy classes, and traditional medicine talks, promoting the Icelandic understanding of China’s rich traditions. Lilian’s museum, attracting thousands of visitors annually from around the world, ___43___ (recognize) by the Icelandic government in 2021 for its impact. As Marta Jonsdottir, a director at Iceland’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, put it in an interview, “Lillian, with her enthusiasm and expertise, has developed diverse cultural ___44___ (link) between Iceland and China. Her museum has not just enabled both peoples to better understand each other ____45____ strengthened our relations.” 【答案】36. created 37. when 38. eventually 39. houses 40. to 41. exhibiting 42. interactive 43. was recognized 44. links 45. but 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Lillian Hopps在冰岛雷克雅未克创建的博物馆促进了冰岛人民对中国传统文化的了解，建立了两国之间的文化联系，巩固了两国的友谊。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在冰岛雷克雅未克市中心，矗立着一座由Lillian Hopps创建的博物馆，象征着冰岛和中国人民之间的友谊。本句的谓语是stands，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语a museum和create之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Lillian是中国传统的狂热崇拜者，她在20世纪90年代开始了她了解中国的旅程，当时她正深入探索中国丰富的文化。空处引导一个定语从句，先行词为a time，且空处在从句中作时间状语，所以应用when引导。故填when。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：她的热情使她的家变成了一个充满中国文物的地方，最终促使一个博物馆在雷克雅未克建立。空处应用副词修饰动词led，eventually意为“最后，终于”。故填eventually。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该博物馆收藏了大量文物，从古代服装到当代艺术，展示了数千年的中华文明。空处作句子的谓语。这里陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语The museum为单数，谓语应用单数。故填houses。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。from...to...意为“从……到……”，为固定搭配。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Lillian的作品不仅仅是展示这些物品；她通过茶艺表演、书法课和传统医学讲座等高度互动的活动，使文化鲜活起来，促进冰岛人对中国丰富传统的理解。空处应用动名词，作介词beyond的宾语。故填exhibiting。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰activities。interactive意为“互动的，交互的”符合句意。故填interactive。 【43题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Lillian的博物馆每年吸引来自世界各地的数千名游客，2021年因其影响力而获得冰岛政府的认可。空处作句子的谓语。根据句中的“in 2021”可知，这里是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语Lilian’s museum和recognize之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be动词应用was。故填was recognized。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：Lillian凭借她的热情和专业知识，在冰岛和中国之间建立了多样化的文化联系。link意为“联系”，为可数名词。前面有diverse修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填links。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：她的博物馆不仅使两国人民更好地了解彼此，还加强了我们的关系。not just...but...意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。故填but。 第三节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 46. He reached up to ________ (loose) the scarf around his neck.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】loosen 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他伸手松开围在脖子上的围巾。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，空前to是不定式符号，空格处用动词原形，loose的动词是loosen，意为“（使）松开”，故填loosen。 47. It’s an interesting idea but there are many ________ (practice) difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】practical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个有趣的想法，但有许多实际困难。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词difficulties，句子表示“这是一个有趣的想法，但有许多实际困难”，空格处意为“实际的”，形容词是practical，故填practical。 48. Through my years of school life, I’ve learned that if we are ________(make) a difference in life, it’s of great importance that we should begin with small things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to make 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：通过我多年的学校生活，我明白了如果我们想让生活有所不同，我们应该从小事做起，这是非常重要的。分析可知，此处应用动词不定式和are构成复合谓语，be to do表示将来发生的事，意为“一定……；注定会……”。故填to make。 49. In time, he gained ________ (recognize) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。空格处用名词作宾语，recognize的名词是recognition，是不可数名词，意为“认可”，故填recognition。 50. She has studied various skills, boxing and swordplay (击剑) ________ (include), and won several campus competitions held in the capital city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】included 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她学习了各种技能，包括拳击和剑术，并在首都举行的几次校园比赛中获胜。句中谓语是has studied，空格处用非谓语动词，boxing and swordplay和include之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填included。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）你完成的作品； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted. In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给Chris写一封信, 分享在公园上美术课的经历。 详解】1. 词汇积累 决定：decide→determine 整个的：entire→whole 提供：offer→provide 总之：in a word→in short 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. 拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers. 【点睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引导的时间状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The car turned onto the familiar road that led to Grandma’s farm. “Jude, this summer holiday will be a great chance for you to stay with your grandma,” Dad said as he drove. Every moment, we were moving farther away from the city, the place where I knew how to do things right. The car engine wasn’t off before Grandma hugged me. I slowly dragged myself out of the car. “Jude, you look unhappy. Why?” Grandma asked. She acted like nothing bad had happened last time. Could I ask how much money her neighbor Mr. Jackson had lost because of my mistake? Was he still upset with me? “I’m fine,” I answered. “I’m just missing my computer camp. Computers are something I’m good at.” “That sounds disappointing.” Grandma nodded. I liked visiting the farm during breaks before I messed things up last summer. Grandma lived alone, and Mr. Jackson was like family to her. Then one day I forgot to lock the gate and let the goats into his flower beds. He lost almost all his roses for the farmers’ market. Now, back at the farm, I felt nervous. I was trying to hide in the room when I saw Mr. Jackson! He was opening the door and calling Grandma. “I need help!” he yelled to her. “Just a second for the freshly harvested roses!” That was when he saw me. I felt my heart tighten and was ready for his criticism. I deserved it. He had probably been waiting for this moment since last summer. However, Mr. Jackson greeted me happily, “Great, Jude is here! Your grandma always tells us you are a wonderfully competent(有能力的)computer programmer.” I shook my head. “I am not competent. I am sorry I messed things up.” He was surprised and comforted me, “It was an accident. Being competent doesn’t mean you never make mistakes.” I looked out of the window. There were piles of roses waiting to be sold. “Jude, can you help us? We want to sell roses online. We have a computer and all the parts(零件)for our internet connection, but we just can’t set it up,” Grandma asked. No internet. They seemed to live in the twentieth century. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Maybe I could be someone who was really competent. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Within a few hours, orders for roses flooded in. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I could be someone who was really competent. “I can definitely help with that! Where are the parts?” Following Grandma, I went into the room, where a computer sat surrounded by some scattered parts. Rolling up my sleeves, I carefully connected everything. It was a piece of cake to me. “Done!” I announced confidently. After a few adjustments, the internet was up and running. Now it was time to sell the roses. I decided to start from my social media platform. I quickly uploaded photos, added descriptions, and set prices. Before long, notifications started showing up — people were noticing. My abilities made a difference!(96词) Within a few hours, orders for roses flooded in. “This is amazing, Jude!” Grandma cheered with joy as she began bustling about, packing flowers. Mr. Jackson chuckled warmly as he handed me another bunch to label. The energy was electric — everyone was on their feet, moving quickly to keep up with the growing orders. The farm felt alive, and so did I. To our surprise, the roses sold out in just half a day. “You’ve brought the farm into the twenty-first century, Jude,” Grandma hugged me tightly. I realized that being competent wasn’t about avoiding mistakes. It was about facing them head-on and making the most of my strengths.(100词) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假爸爸带Jude去奶奶的农场，但Jude去年在农场时因忘记锁门，导致山羊进了奶奶邻居Jackson先生的花田，最后毁了所有的玫瑰花，现在Jackson回到农场感到紧张，Jude在Jackson先生来找奶奶帮忙时试图躲避，Jackson却很高兴见到他并说去年只是一次意外，奶奶询问擅长电脑的Jude是否能帮忙在网上卖玫瑰花。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“也许我可以成为一个真正有能力的人。”可知，第一段可描写Jude组装电脑并开始在网上卖玫瑰花。 ②由第二段首句内容“几个小时内，订购玫瑰的订单如潮水般涌来。”可知，第二段可描写玫瑰花很快被卖完以及Jude的感悟。 2.续写线索：组装电脑——开始在网上售卖——接到大量订单——大家为订单忙碌——玫瑰花售空——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①宣布：announce/declare ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③意识到：realize/be aware 情绪类 ①喜悦：joy/delight/happiness ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】[高分句型1] Following Grandma, I went into the room, where a computer sat surrounded by some scattered parts.（由关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Mr. Jackson chuckled warmly as he handed me another bunch to label.（由从属连词as引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期月考 英语试卷 试卷共8页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Having a quality first aid kit allows you to treat minor injuries, prevent infections, and even increase the chances of keeping an accident victim alive until proper medical help arrives. We tested dozens of the top-rated first aid kits in lab. Based on our testing, here are the best ones available online. Adventure Medical Kit Recommended uses: Picnics Item Feature: Kit measures approximately 6x8.5x3 inches. It provides critical information on wound care,stabilizing sprains, and medications for children. It contains a wide range of medications to treat pain, and common allergies (过敏), packed in nylon outer bag with a waterproof inner plastic storage bags. Protect Life Kit Recommended uses: Traveling Item Feature: Designed by doctors and EM’Ts & CPR instructors, the first aid medical kit is packed full of first aid supplies. It is packed in a hardshell case with lightweight. The bag can be refilled, so it is an ideal mini first aid kit for businesses. Disaster Zone Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: The pack is designed for first responders in disaster zones, with all emergency necessities.Whatever adventures you engage in, take our tactical first aid kit. Should you have any issues without first aid kit, contact us immediately and our medical team will be in touch. Outdoor Emergency Kit Recommended uses: Emergencies Item Feature: Designed by survivalists, it contains essential first aid supplies and survival tools required for emergencies. Weighing only 2 pounds, the waterproof kit is a must-have for your adventures. It is stuffed with blanket, flashlight, multi-function bracelet (compass, whistle), knife, two 12-hour glow sticks and emergency raincoats. 1. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce the best first aid kits. B. To ask the readers to buy first aid kits. C. To advocate the importance of first aid. D. To inform the readers of online first aid. 2. Which kit promises medical team support? A. Adventure Medical Kit. B. Protect Life Kit. C. Disaster Zone Kit. D. Outdoor Emergency Kit. 3. What do Adventure Medical Kit and Outdoor Emergency Kit have in common? A. They are light-weighted. B. They are water-resistant. C. They are intended for children. D They are designed by rescuers. B Rain or shine, Tsering Chopa treks (艰苦跋涉) for long hours to deliver mail. For 18 years, the Tibetan mailman has been an important link between a remote, high-altitude settlement and the rest of the world. At 5,373 meters above sea level, Pumachangthang in Nakarze county of the Xizang autonomous region is China’s highest township(乡镇). The oxygen level is less than 40 percent and the annual average temperature is –7℃ . However, these weren’t the biggest challenges for a postal service. The area of the township is about 1,500 square kilometers, but its population is less than 2,000. The distance from the county town is some 70 km and a single trip to all the six villages can be as long as 160 km. The dogged perseverance required to get the job done under such conditions needs no further explanation. The busiest time for Tsering Chopa is between July and August each year, when students are waiting for their admission letters from various universities. He recalls once he had to deliver mail to one student whose family had already moved away. He had to quiz neighbors several times to find the new address. It was summer and the usual road to the village was blocked because of rain. He trekked for more than 20 km and grappled with shortness of breath all the way to finally deliver the letter. “I don’t mind the hardships because it is not easy for students from remote villages to get college admission. It was my duty to deliver the mail on time,” he says. One night in February 2019, a local resident Nyima Tsering’s daughter had fainted and desperately needed help. Knowing that, the mailman arranged for a car right away and sent her to the county hospital. He also gave some cash to the family for the girl’s treatment. Nyima Tsering’s daughter recovered soon, and Tsering Chopa became an idol in the village. “I will never forget his compassion and kindness,” says the grateful father. In 2019, Tsering Chopa received the China Youth May Fourth Medal. “It is an acknowledgment of what I do and a token of encouragement as well,” he says. “And I want to help more people living in remote areas. I want to bring the world closer to them and take them closer to the world.” 4. Which is the most challenging part of Tsering Chopa’s work? A. Trekking for long distances. B. Suffering from cold temperatures. C. Standing extremely bad road conditions. D. Adapting to the high-altitude environment. 5. What words can best describe Tsering Chopa according to paragraph 2? A. Optimistic and cautious. B. Generous and intelligent. C. Courageous and ambitious. D. Persistent and responsible. 6. How did Tsering Chopa help Nyima Tsering? A. Tsering Chopa fixed his car for free. B. Tsering Chopa saved his daughter’s life. C. Tsering Chopa delivered his admission letters quickly. D. Tsering Chopa drove him to a hospital for treatment. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Hardship Makes a Good Postman B. A Mailman Shows Kindness to Students C. A Postman in Tiebet Bridges Huge Gap D. Post Service Creates a Convenient Life C In the movie “The Wrong Trousers”, a pair of futuristic trousers lets people walk on walls and ceilings. Inspired by the movie, researchers in England developed “The Right Trousers”, a set of trousers embedded (嵌入) with electrical pumps to force air into tiny tubes that expand and can help elderly or disabled people with issues like getting up or improving blood flow. Now, material scientists, computer programmers and fabric designers are working to advance robotic clothing. In June, researchers in Australia created robotic fibers, which can make fabric move automatically. Last year, scientists at MIT built fiber batteries that could be embedded into clothes and power robotic clothing. In recent years, Google partnered with brands like Levi’s and Adıdas to put sensors in jackets, backpacks and shoes, letting users access their phones instantly. Researchers said they could soon unlock a stage where clothing will act more like a computer, sensing how your body feels and telling your clothes how to help. At the University of New South Wales in Australia, researchers are creating fabrics that can shape-shift. Thanh Nho Do, a senior lecturer at the school, said his team has created tiny tubes that can weave (编织) into sheets of fabric. These tubes can make fabric take various preprogrammed shapes. But challenges still remain for Do’s team, especially around making these robotic tubes smaller so they can weave easily with other fabrics. Rebecca Kramer Bottiglio from Yale University agreed that many challenges remain before smart clothing “reaches their full potential.” It will be challenging to make these clothes, equipped with fibers and technology, strong enough to go through multiple cycles in the laundry (洗衣房), she said. Despite that, she says researchers will figure out a way forward. “Recent breakthroughs point toward a not-so-distant future where smart clothing will be a part of our everyday life.” she said. 8. What led to the creation of “The Right Trousers”? A. An electrical pump. B. A health issue. C. A tiny tube. D. A creative film. 9. What did scientists at MIT do last year? A. They put sensors in clothes. B. They created movable robotic fibers. C. They made batteries for robotic clothing. D. They released smart clothing connected to cellphones. 10. What does Do’s team find challenging? A. Reducing the size of robotic tubes. B. Keeping robotic tubes’ shape unchanged. C. Programming the shape of robotic tubes. D. Weaving robotic tubes into various fabrics. 11. What is Rebecca’s attitude toward the future of smart clothing? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. D What makes people so special? Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as exclusively human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well. Among the invertebrates (无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness. Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families — grandmother, mother, and daughter — all feeding in this highly specialized way. Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark. 12. The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they _____. A. are not easy to fool B. prefer fruit to vegetables C. have a special taste for food D. have an awareness of equality 13. What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins? A. Social interaction. B. Intelligence. C. Tool using ability. D. Fun-loving spirits. 14. What makes dolphin culture special? A They tend to hunt in groups. B. Their hunting skills are passed down. C. Their learning environment is favourable. D. Their families are typically female-controlled. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror. B. Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-old human baby. C. Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advanced non-human species. D. Dolphins’ ability to recognize their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. ____16____ And it’s hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it’s already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years. ____17____ “When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist. Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. “It stops producing melatonin in your brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy morning feeling,” Breus says. It also sets a mental time r to produce melatonin, the so-called sleep hormone, that evening. Aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light first and two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. ___18___ Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. ____19____ And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom. ___20___ If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning. A. Avoid arguments with your family. B. Handle your troubles before dinner. C. It signals your brain that it is time to be awake. D. It contributes to good health when exposed to light. E. It’s normal to wake up at night, especially as you age. F. A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. G. When people cut them down, their average toilet trips decreased. 第二部分 语言运用(共四节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Elizabeth Anionwu, who received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to ____21____ the lives of thousands in the local community who are ____22____ from sickle cell disease. Born in 1947 to a 20-year-old Irish student and a Nigerian law student, Elizabeth was ____23____ by poverty in her early life, which led her family to put her in an organization ____24____ by a woman. It was a childhood filled with ____25____—in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as a ____26____ for wetting the bed. “The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired. Even now, decades later, I still remember that ____27____ conduct.” But a kind-hearted nursing woman who treated her illness when she was four ____28____ her to become a nurse. At 16 she started working as a nurse in the school ____29____. It was the start of a 50-year _____30_____ as a nurse and professor. Her _____31_____ for helping the sick led her, alongside Dr. Misha Brozovic to set up the UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia (地中海贫血症) _____32_____ centre in 1979. Dame (女爵士) Elizabeth, now 72, became the UK’s first sickle cell disease nurse specialist. She was _____33_____ involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society, which this year _____34_____ its 41st anniversary. In 2019, Dame Elizabeth was _____35_____ with the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. 21. A. increasing B. improving C. treating D. perfecting 22. A. leaving B. learning C. retiring D. suffering 23. A. deserted B. ignored C. troubled D. defeated 24. A. operated B. abandoned C. donated D. discovered 25. A. cruelty B. surprise C. kindness D. wilderness 26. A. lesson B. punishment C. lecture D. award 27 A. undesirable B. unimaginative C. insensible D. inhuman 28. A. begged B. required C. inspired D. reminded 29. A. stadium B. library C. campus D. clinic 30. A. journey B. devotion C. development D. career 31. A. freedom B. passion C. sympathy D. anxiety 32. A. living B. resting C. consulting D. exchanging 33. A. currently B. fortunately C. actively D. eventually 34. A. celebrated B. hosted C. congratulated D. remembered 35. A. appointed B. provided C. offered D. presented 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the center of Reykjavik, Iceland, stands a museum ___36___ (create) by Lillian Hopps, which symbolizes the friendship between Icelandic and Chinese people. A passionate admirer of Chinese heritage, Lillian began her journey to learn about China in the 1990s, a time ___37___ she deeply engaged herself in exploring China’s rich culture. Her passion transformed her home into a place filled with Chinese artifacts, which ___38___ (eventual) led to the establishment of a museum in Reykjavik. The museum ___39___ (house) an extensive collection of cultural relics, from ancient clothing ___40___ contemporary art, displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization. Lillian’s work goes beyond just ___41___ (exhibit) these items; she brings the culture alive through highly ___42___ (interact) activities like tea performances, calligraphy classes, and traditional medicine talks, promoting the Icelandic understanding of China’s rich traditions. Lilian’s museum, attracting thousands of visitors annually from around the world, ___43___ (recognize) by the Icelandic government in 2021 for its impact. As Marta Jonsdottir, a director at Iceland’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, put it in an interview, “Lillian, with her enthusiasm and expertise, has developed diverse cultural ___44___ (link) between Iceland and China. Her museum has not just enabled both peoples to better understand each other ____45____ strengthened our relations.” 第三节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 46. He reached up to ________ (loose) the scarf around his neck.(所给词适当形式填空) 47. It’s an interesting idea but there are many ________ (practice) difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Through my years of school life, I’ve learned that if we are ________(make) a difference in life, it’s of great importance that we should begin with small things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. In time, he gained ________ (recognize) as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. She has studied various skills, boxing and swordplay (击剑) ________ (include), and won several campus competitions held in the capital city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）你完成的作品； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The car turned onto the familiar road that led to Grandma’s farm. “Jude, this summer holiday will be a great chance for you to stay with your grandma,” Dad said as he drove. Every moment, we were moving farther away from the city, the place where I knew how to do things right. The car engine wasn’t off before Grandma hugged me. I slowly dragged myself out of the car. “Jude, you look unhappy. Why?” Grandma asked. She acted like nothing bad had happened last time. Could I ask how much money her neighbor Mr. Jackson had lost because of my mistake? Was he still upset with me? “I’m fine,” I answered. “I’m just missing my computer camp. Computers are something I’m good at.” “That sounds disappointing.” Grandma nodded. I liked visiting the farm during breaks before I messed things up last summer. Grandma lived alone, and Mr. Jackson was like family to her. Then one day I forgot to lock the gate and let the goats into his flower beds. He lost almost all his roses for the farmers’ market. Now, back at the farm, I felt nervous. I was trying to hide in the room when I saw Mr. Jackson! He was opening the door and calling Grandma. “I need help!” he yelled to her. “Just a second for the freshly harvested roses!” That was when he saw me. I felt my heart tighten and was ready for his criticism. I deserved it. He had probably been waiting for this moment since last summer. However, Mr. Jackson greeted me happily, “Great, Jude is here! Your grandma always tells us you are a wonderfully competent(有能力的)computer programmer.” I shook my head. “I am not competent. I am sorry I messed things up.” He was surprised and comforted me, “It was an accident. Being competent doesn’t mean you never make mistakes.” I looked out of the window. There were piles of roses waiting to be sold. “Jude, can you help us? We want to sell roses online. We have a computer and all the parts(零件)for our internet connection, but we just can’t set it up,” Grandma asked. No internet. They seemed to live in the twentieth century. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Maybe I could be someone who was really competent. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Within a few hours, orders for roses flooded in. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$