精品解析：安徽省安庆市怀宁县高河中学2024-2025学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题

2025年春高河中学高二第一次月考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B. Conducting a survey. C. Collecting stamps. 2. What does John like doing in his spare time now? A. Listening to music. B. Watching TV. C. Doing exercise. 3. What does the woman mean? A. The room needs cleaning. B. The man should wear thick clothes. C. She wants to keep the window open. 4 Who is the woman probably talking to? A. A salesman. B. A policeman. C. A repairman. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A gift. B. An exam. C. The man's parents. 第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a restaurant. C. On a plane. 7. What will the man read? A. A daily newspaper. B. A sports magazine. C. A fashion magazine. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How does Susan feel about the coming college life? A. A bit worried. B. Quite relaxed. C. Very puzzled. 9. What advice does David give to Susan? A. Studying harder. B. Taking a gap year. C. Facing changes positively. 10. How old is David? A. 18 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 28 years old. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至13 题。 11 Why does the man call the woman? A. To book a room. B. To make a change. C. To confirm his reservation. 12. When will the man check out? A. On June 18th. B. On June 20th. C. On June 21st. 13. What should the man pay 180 yuan for? A. The car rental service. B. The room rate. C. The pickup service. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Customer and salesman. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. What is greatly valued in the company? A. Employees' qualities. B. Employees' appearance. C. Employees' physical condition. 16. What does the man care about the job? A. Whether he has to work on time. B. Whether he can get medical insurance. C. Whether he has to work on weekends. 17. What do we know about Globe Insurance? A. It often asks the staff to work on weekends. B. It provides employees with free meals. C. Its new employees need a medical examination. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How many people were badly injured in the storm? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Ten. 19. What do we know about the farmer? A. His house was destroyed. B. His wife was missing. C. One of his children was killed. 20. What did the woman do when she saw her house shaking? A. She tried to take something out. B. She rushed out with her children. C. She told her husband not to leave. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. B It was a little after midnight when I heard footsteps approaching my tent. Normally when wild camping, a sound like this would cause me to sink further into my sleeping bag, hoping I wouldn't be seen. Yet that night on the hillside, there was no need to remain hidden. I was surrounded by six other women in tents, giving a whole new meaning to the phrase “girl's night out”. As an adventurer and passionate solo wild camper, I have been exploring the wilderness alone for more than 15 years. I have never needed company on adventures. I'm not afraid of sleeping out solo. But wild camping in a group scares me. Of the six with me that night, four had never wild camped before, while the other two were fellow adventurers Sophie Roberts and Anna McNuff. I arrived late. Already the conversation was in full swing and I felt worried about joining them. While the camping beginners were talking about their fears of sleeping outside, I, on the other hand, worried about socialising. Yet as soon as I arrived I was welcomed into the fold. I was handed a plate of food, offered a drink and included in the conversation. There was no campfire, but I felt unexpectedly warm in their presence. We spent at least an hour talking. Anna asked the newbies the main barriers to them getting into the outdoors. They said they were worried about safety. They would only be able to sleep knowing there was a group of us. A couple of months after our camp, Anna and I cofounded an online adventure community for women called Adventure Queens. “We wanted to create a space for women to share ideas and exchange tips,” says Anna. “Adventure Queens began as a single Facebook group, but it has grown.” Now there are 13,000 community members, 60 volunteers, 25 regional groups, three international ones and a mums’ group too. Not bad for something that began as a night out on a hillside for a small group of friends. 4. Why did the author stay calm upon hearing footsteps at midnight? A. She felt too tired to respond. B. She was familiar with the footsteps. C. She felt safe with a group of companions. D. She was a brave solo wild camper at heart. 5 What worried the author concerning wild camping in a group? A. Sleeping with strangers. B. Organizing satisfying adventures. C. Training camping beginners. D. Communicating with others. 6. Which word can best describe the atmosphere of the group camping trip? A. Romantic. B. Pleasant. C. Competitive. D. Embarrassing. 7. What can we learn about Adventure Queens? A. It has been well received. B. It needs to expand further. C. It is targeted at mums. D. It is highly profitable. C Last week, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres coined a new term. The time of global warming has ended, he announced, and the time of “global boiling” has arrived. You can see why he said it. July was the hottest month on record globally. High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere. Oceanic heatwaves are damaging the world’s third-largest coral reef, off Florida. And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase, it means many even hotter summers lie ahead. But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase. At one level, “global boiling” is clearly an overstatement, but “global warming” is now far too weak a description. Many climate scientists have pushed for the term “global heating” to be used in preference. Similarly, phrases such as “climate crisis” haven’t received enough attention. That’s because many of us still feel we haven’t seen this crisis with our own eyes. But that is changing. In the past few years, extreme weather and related events have struck many countries. Australia’s Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom. Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021. The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country. China has seen both droughts and floods. Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years. India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain. Critics of climate action often complain about what they see as the overuse of “crisis talk”. If everything is a crisis, nothing is a crisis. When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases, he’s not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood-style disaster. What he’s hoping is to make people listen — and act — now we can see what climate change looks like. Are there better phrases to describe this? Possibly. Take the challenge yourself: can you think up a brief, correct phrase to cover worsening local- and regional-scale (区域级的) droughts, fires, typhoons and floods; damage to crops and food safety; water shortages; existential threats to coral reefs and low-lying communities? You can see how hard it is. 8. What made Guterres use the phrase “global boiling”? A. The reviews from critics. B. The new scientific findings. C. The present serious situation. D. The future course of climate change. 9. Why did such phrases as “climate crisis” fail to attract our attention? A. None of these phrases reflect the truth. B. Fewer crises have happened in recent years. C. Many phrases haven’t been mentioned publicly. D. Certain climate disasters haven’t happened to us. 10. What does the author try to say by using “But that is changing”? A. But climate crises are worsening. B. But several crises will be solved. C. But people will face food shortages. D. But people are taking effective measures. 11. What does the author think of Guterres’ saying “global boiling”? A. It is beyond reality. B. It is just to scare people. C. It is reasonably acceptable. D. It is just to comfort the public D South Korean government has tried everything to persuade women to have babies. Among their initiatives: sponsored housing for new couples, discounted after-childbirth care for new mothers, even a “baby payment” for each new born. Corporate South Korea is also getting in action, trying to delay a population crisis that could see the country’s workforce halve within 50 years. “We will continue to do what we can as a company to solve the low-birth issue,” Lee Joong-keun, the chairman of Booyoung Group, a Seoul-based construction company, said this month after awarding a total $5.25 million to his employees for babies born since 2021. Other companies are offering payments, too. This development has come about as South Korea’s fertility rate (生育率) — the average number of children a woman has over her lifetime — has decreased to 0.78 in 2022. That means the population is aging rapidly. “The main reasons behind the falling birthrate are the financial burdens of child care and challenges of balancing work and family,” Lee said. South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeol praised companies that came up with “tax benefits and other various support measures to boost child birth,” according to his spokes-woman. Despite aggressive efforts, South Korea’s fertility rate is on course to sink further to 0.65 by 2025. This is largely because of the stress put on women, who face fierce workplace discrimination if they want to pursue a career while having children, experts say. South Kore a ranked 105th out of 146 countries in gender equality last year, according to the Global Gender Gap Report. Whether financial bonus can have a positive impact on fertility remains an unanswered question. “Cash payouts are not affordable nor sustainable options for many companies,” said Yoon In-jin, a sociology professor at Korea University. “More importantly, South Korea’s male-dominated corporate culture has to fundamentally change in favor of working women,” he said. “Korean women will start having more babies if they don’t have to sacrifice their career for it.” Nearly 50% South Korean companies punished workers using parental leave, especially on promotions, according to Labor Ministry statistics. 12. What population problem is South Korea very likely to face in the future? A. Its fertility rate will continuously decline. B. Its population will halve within 50 years. C. There will only be the aged very soon. D. New-born babies will make up 65% by 2025. 13. What is the author’s attitude towards the current money-awarding measure? A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Far-sighted. D. Uncertain. 14. What does academic Yoon In-jin support to do in boosting fertility rate? A. Provide equal career security to women as men are enjoying. B. Improve South Korea’s global rank in gender equality. C. Remove women’s financial burdens and home-work balancing challenges. D. Offer couples with new born babies more tax benefits and other supports. 15. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. The reasons why South Korean women are not having babies. B. The policies South Kare a government applies to persuade women to have babies. C. The measures corporate South Korea takes to promote birthrate. D. The severe discrimination South Korean women are facing. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sports can help contribute to a healthy body and get you close to nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great impact on the environment. ____16____ Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场) in good condition. ____17____ For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held, responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. ____18____ You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, it can also keep you fit. ____19____ Experts say that 20 minutes daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. ____20____ And best of all, it’s free. A. It will cost you a lot. B. Some sports are resource-hungry. C. This causes major environmental effects. D. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. E. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. F. If you walk on a regular basis, it will benefit your heart and bones. G. More and more people are concerned about environmental protection 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jim Dwyer was once in the United States Air Force. Although he is retired, he is still ____21____ his country. This time it’s through ____22____ meals to those who truly need it. Every Thursday, Dwyer starts his day at Meals on Wheels in Westminster, ____23____ eight hot plates and sending the nutritious meals to older adults. “It’s ____24____ to help those in need because it offers us inner joy. You know it’s just the ability to help people that are ____25____ and not able to get out on their own. It’s something I get ____26____ from. And who knows? Maybe someday I might need this service too,” said Dwyer. Dwyer was ____27____ to join Meals on Wheels when he ____28____ to make sure his elderly parents had hot meals to eat. “I saw on TV here in Westminster that they were looking for ____29____ for Meals on Wheels, and I said I could do that,” said Dwyer. His _____30_____ to work for his fellow Americans, as he did in the military, is _____31_____. It is true that the meals bring _____32_____ to those getting a plate. “Jim is great. He has been one of our _____33_____ volunteers for a long time,” said Darla Olson of Meals on Wheels. As the saying goes, “It’s never too late to learn.” _____34_____, Dwyer’s story tells us that it is also never too late to make _____35_____ efforts to work for the good of the community. 21. A. serving B. building C. promoting D. missing 22. A. introducing B. selling C. delivering D. returning 23. A. picking up B. trying out C. showing off D. setting aside 24. A. convenient B. wonderful C. common D. possible 25. A. given up B. turned down C. laid off D. shut in 26. A. knowledge B. confidence C. satisfaction D. support 27. A. advised B. allowed C. inspired D. required 28. A. demanded B. pretended C. happened D. attempted 29. A. organizers B. driver C. cooks D. waiters 30. A. refusing B. continuing C. learning D. failing 31. A. identified B. confirmed C. appreciated D. suspected 32. A. smiles B. doubts C. pride D. honour 33. A. honest B. independent C. moved D. committed 34. A. Actually B. Hopefully C. Occasionally D. Gradually 35. A. temporary B. constant C. random D. obvious 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s first robot police officer started to work this week. ____36____ (it) name is Robocop. It is part of the Dubai Police force. Robocop’s first official job was to greet guests at a security conference. Apart from ____37____ (greet) visitors it also answered questions and gave ____38____ (direct). Robocop has a built-in tablet (内置平板电脑) for people to interact (互动) with, pay traffic fines and use other police services. The tablet ____39____ (link) to a police station, so people can talk to real police officers. The 170-centimetre-tall Robocop can speak six languages, ____40____ can also shake hands, salute people and recognize people’s emotions and ____41____(face) expressions. Robocop is the first of many robot police officers in Dubai. ____42____ (hopeful), 25 per cent of the Dubai Police force will have been robots ____43____ 2030 and Dubai will have the first smart police station. No humans will work there. A spokesman said, “The Robocop is the latest smart addition to the police force and has been designed ____44____(help) us fight crime, keep the city safe and improve happiness levels.” Robocop will also assist and help people in the malls or on the streets. ____45____ official at the security conference commented, “The age of the robots is no longer coming. It has arrived.” 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的外国好友Tom想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件向你征求意见。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由；2. 提出相关的学习建议；3. 你的祝愿。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was 16, my parents and I moved to a small town of Arizona. Since my parents were very busy at that time, my Aunt Julia often took care of me during their absence. One rainy day, when Julia and I were heading toward home, I caught sight of an old lady wearing an orange jacket with a huge bag and a walking stick. Out of curiosity, I asked Julia, “Who is she? What is she doing with that huge bag?” Julia caught a glimpse at her, then told me, “She is called Melinda. She has been collecting garbage with that huge garbage bag in the town for several years. Nobody knows why she’s been doing it. Maybe just for fun.” Hearing her words, I couldn’t help exclaiming, “Wow! It’s so strange! Why does she find it funny to collect garbage?” Since that day, I had come across her for many times on my way home. She always carried the huge garbage bag whether it was rainy or sunny. Gradually, I didn’t find her strange for collecting garbage. Instead, I began to greet her with a smile. Two years later, I was admitted to Chicago University. To my disappointment, I often saw trash on the lawn on campus. “Why should people litter everywhere? Who is responsible for the trash?” A few days later, it occurred to me that, since nobody took responsibility for it, why not collect trash myself? That way, I could walk past the lawn without feeling guilty. Then, I took action. I always took a trash bag and collect trash on the lawn every time I walked past it. A few students also followed suit soon afterwards, keeping the school cleaner and prettier than before. One day, an idea popped into my head when I finished collecting trash — maybe we could help make the city cleaner and prettier too! Despite the thought that collecting trash in front of so many people outside school was awkward, I knew it was the right thing to do. So I decided to give it a go. 注意：1. 续写词数共150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: One day, I was collecting garbage outside the school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Then I realized that I should encourage more students to take part. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年春高河中学高二第一次月考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B. Conducting a survey. C. Collecting stamps. 2. What does John like doing in his spare time now? A. Listening to music. B. Watching TV. C. Doing exercise. 3. What does the woman mean? A. The room needs cleaning. B. The man should wear thick clothes. C. She wants to keep the window open. 4. Who is the woman probably talking to? A. A salesman. B. A policeman. C. A repairman. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A gift. B. An exam. C. The man's parents. 第二节 (共15 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a restaurant. C. On a plane. 7. What will the man read? A. A daily newspaper. B. A sports magazine. C. A fashion magazine. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How does Susan feel about the coming college life? A. A bit worried. B. Quite relaxed. C. Very puzzled. 9. What advice does David give to Susan? A. Studying harder. B. Taking a gap year. C. Facing changes positively. 10. How old is David? A. 18 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 28 years old. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至13 题。 11. Why does the man call the woman? A. To book a room. B. To make a change. C. To confirm his reservation. 12. When will the man check out? A. On June 18th. B. On June 20th. C. On June 21st. 13. What should the man pay 180 yuan for? A. The car rental service. B. The room rate. C. The pickup service. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Customer and salesman. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 15. What is greatly valued in the company? A. Employees' qualities. B. Employees' appearance. C. Employees' physical condition. 16. What does the man care about the job? A. Whether he has to work on time. B. Whether he can get medical insurance. C. Whether he has to work on weekends. 17. What do we know about Globe Insurance? A. It often asks the staff to work on weekends. B. It provides employees with free meals. C. Its new employees need a medical examination. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How many people were badly injured in the storm? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Ten. 19. What do we know about the farmer? A. His house was destroyed. B. His wife was missing. C. One of his children was killed. 20. What did the woman do when she saw her house shaking? A. She tried to take something out. B. She rushed out with her children. C. She told her husband not to leave. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍三本对人类思考我们在宇宙中的位置和目的的方式产生了重大影响的书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years. Eventually, almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型。作为亚里士多德世界观的代表作，这本书意义重大。亚里士多德世界观是一种哲学流派，在近2000年的时间里主导了智力思维。最终，书中几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的，但《论天》这本仍在印刷的书，提供了一个关于天文演化的迷人视角)”可知，On the Heavens这本书几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的)model of the universe in the book.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型)”以及小标题The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus下的“In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.(在这本书中，哥白尼认为太阳而不是地球是宇宙的中心。地球作为一颗行星围绕太阳运行。哥白尼提出的最重要的优点是，他把宇宙看成一个整体系统，所有的行星都优雅地和谐地一起运动)”可知，On the Heavens和The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres两本书的共同点是它们探索了宇宙的中心。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville下的“Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.(与他的《自然地理学》不同，这本书被认为是对天体运动理解的重要贡献。它对天文学家和学生来说都是非常有价值的，被当作教科书用了半个多世纪。这本书经过多次修订，以跟上天文学发展的步伐。它证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性)”可知，The Mechanism of the Heavens这本书证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性，能给投身科学的女性带来更多动力。故选C项。 B It was a little after midnight when I heard footsteps approaching my tent. Normally when wild camping, a sound like this would cause me to sink further into my sleeping bag, hoping I wouldn't be seen. Yet that night on the hillside, there was no need to remain hidden. I was surrounded by six other women in tents, giving a whole new meaning to the phrase “girl's night out”. As an adventurer and passionate solo wild camper, I have been exploring the wilderness alone for more than 15 years. I have never needed company on adventures. I'm not afraid of sleeping out solo. But wild camping in a group scares me. Of the six with me that night, four had never wild camped before, while the other two were fellow adventurers Sophie Roberts and Anna McNuff. I arrived late. Already the conversation was in full swing and I felt worried about joining them. While the camping beginners were talking about their fears of sleeping outside, I, on the other hand, worried about socialising. Yet as soon as I arrived I was welcomed into the fold. I was handed a plate of food, offered a drink and included in the conversation. There was no campfire, but I felt unexpectedly warm in their presence. We spent at least an hour talking. Anna asked the newbies the main barriers to them getting into the outdoors. They said they were worried about safety. They would only be able to sleep knowing there was a group of us. A couple of months after our camp, Anna and I cofounded an online adventure community for women called Adventure Queens. “We wanted to create a space for women to share ideas and exchange tips,” says Anna. “Adventure Queens began as a single Facebook group, but it has grown.” Now there are 13,000 community members, 60 volunteers, 25 regional groups, three international ones and a mums’ group too. Not bad for something that began as a night out on a hillside for a small group of friends. 4. Why did the author stay calm upon hearing footsteps at midnight? A. She felt too tired to respond. B. She was familiar with the footsteps. C. She felt safe with a group of companions. D. She was a brave solo wild camper at heart. 5. What worried the author concerning wild camping in a group? A. Sleeping with strangers. B. Organizing satisfying adventures. C. Training camping beginners. D. Communicating with others. 6. Which word can best describe the atmosphere of the group camping trip? A. Romantic. B. Pleasant. C. Competitive. D. Embarrassing. 7. What can we learn about Adventure Queens? A. It has been well received. B. It needs to expand further. C It is targeted at mums. D. It is highly profitable. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者是一个经常独自冒险的勇敢露营者，一次和六个人一起露营后，感觉很好，后来和一个伙伴一起创建了Adventure Queens，分享和交流经验，受到广泛欢迎。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It was a little after midnight when I heard footsteps approaching my tent. Normally when wild camping, a sound like this would cause me to sink further into my sleeping bag, hoping I wouldn't be seen. (午夜刚过，我听到有人走近我的帐篷。通常在野外露营时，这样的声音会让我在睡袋里陷得更深，希望自己不会被人发现。)”和“As an adventurer and passionate solo wild camper, I have been exploring the wilderness alone for more than 15 years. I have never needed company on adventures. I'm not afraid of sleeping out solo. But wild camping in a group scares me. (作为一名冒险家和充满激情的独自野外露营者，我已经独自探索荒野超过15年了。我冒险从不需要同伴。我不怕一个人出去睡。但是集体野外露营让我害怕。)”故可推知作者已经是个勇敢的野外露营者，所以在午夜听到脚步声时会保持冷静，故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Already the conversation was in full swing and I felt worried about joining them. While the camping beginners were talking about their fears of sleeping outside, I, on the other hand, worried about socialising. (谈话已经如火如荼地进行着，我对加入她们感到担心。当露营初学者在谈论她们对睡在户外的恐惧时，我却在担心社交。)”可知关于集体野外露营，作者担心的是社交，也就是和别人沟通，故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Yet as soon as I arrived I was welcomed into the fold. I was handed a plate of food, offered a drink and included in the conversation. There was no campfire, but I felt unexpectedly warm in their presence. We spent at least an hour talking. (然而，我一到那里就受到了欢迎。有人递给我一盘食物，给了我一杯饮料，我也加入了谈话。没有篝火，但有她们在，我感到意外的温暖。我们谈了至少一个小时。)”可知集体露营的气氛是令人愉快的，故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“"We wanted to create a space for women to share ideas and exchange tips," says Anna. "Adventure Queens began as a single Facebook group, but it has grown." Now there are 13,000 community members, 60 volunteers, 25 regional groups, three international ones and a mums' group too. Not bad for something that began as a night out on a hillside for a small group of friends. ( “我们想为女性创造一个分享想法和交流技巧的空间，”安娜说。“Adventure Queens最初只是一个Facebook群组，但它已经发展壮大。”现在有1.3万名社区成员、60名志愿者、25个地区组织、3个国际组织和一个妈妈组织。对于一开始只是一小群朋友在山坡上度过的夜晚来说，这已经很不错了。)”可知Adventure Queens已经发展壮大，说明它受到了广泛的欢迎，故选A。 C Last week, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres coined a new term. The time of global warming has ended, he announced, and the time of “global boiling” has arrived. You can see why he said it. July was the hottest month on record globally. High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere. Oceanic heatwaves are damaging the world’s third-largest coral reef, off Florida. And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase, it means many even hotter summers lie ahead. But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase. At one level, “global boiling” is clearly an overstatement, but “global warming” is now far too weak a description. Many climate scientists have pushed for the term “global heating” to be used in preference. Similarly, phrases such as “climate crisis” haven’t received enough attention. That’s because many of us still feel we haven’t seen this crisis with our own eyes. But that is changing. In the past few years, extreme weather and related events have struck many countries. Australia’s Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom. Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021. The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country. China has seen both droughts and floods. Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years. India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain. Critics of climate action often complain about what they see as the overuse of “crisis talk”. If everything is a crisis, nothing is a crisis. When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases, he’s not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood-style disaster. What he’s hoping is to make people listen — and act — now we can see what climate change looks like. Are there better phrases to describe this? Possibly. Take the challenge yourself: can you think up a brief, correct phrase to cover worsening local- and regional-scale (区域级的) droughts, fires, typhoons and floods; damage to crops and food safety; water shortages; existential threats to coral reefs and low-lying communities? You can see how hard it is. 8. What made Guterres use the phrase “global boiling”? A. The reviews from critics. B. The new scientific findings. C. The present serious situation. D. The future course of climate change. 9. Why did such phrases as “climate crisis” fail to attract our attention? A. None of these phrases reflect the truth. B. Fewer crises have happened in recent years. C. Many phrases haven’t been mentioned publicly. D. Certain climate disasters haven’t happened to us. 10. What does the author try to say by using “But that is changing”? A. But climate crises are worsening. B. But several crises will be solved. C. But people will face food shortages. D. But people are taking effective measures. 11. What does the author think of Guterres’ saying “global boiling”? A. It is beyond reality. B. It is just to scare people. C. It is reasonably acceptable. D. It is just to comfort the public 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯提出了“全球沸腾”这一新术语，以描述当前气候变化的严重性。文章讨论了这一术语的使用及其背后的原因，并探讨了人们对气候危机的认识和反应。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“July was the hottest month on record globally. High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere. Oceanic heatwaves are damaging the world’s third-largest coral reef, off Florida. And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase, it means many even hotter summers lie ahead.(七月是有记录以来全球最热的月份。高温和严重的野火席卷了北半球。海洋热浪正在破坏世界第三大珊瑚礁，位于佛罗里达州附近。随着温室气体水平的持续上升，这意味着未来将出现更多更热的夏天。)”可知，Guterres使用“全球沸腾”这个短语是因为目前严峻的形势。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Similarly, phrases such as “climate crisis” haven’t received enough attention. That’s because many of us still feel we haven’t seen this crisis with our own eyes.(同样，“气候危机”等短语也没有得到足够的关注。这是因为我们中的许多人仍然觉得我们没有亲眼看到这场危机。)”可知，“气候危机”等短语没能引起我们的注意是因为某些气候灾难没有发生在我们身上。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But that is changing. In the past few years, extreme weather and related events have struck many countries. Australia’s Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom. Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021. The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country. China has seen both droughts and floods. Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years. India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain.(但这种情况正在改变。在过去的几年里，极端天气和相关事件袭击了许多国家。澳大利亚的黑色夏季引发了一场大火，烧毁了相当于英国大小的地区。德国在2021年遭受了严重的洪灾。2022年巴基斯坦的洪水淹没了该国的大部分地区。中国经历了干旱和洪涝灾害。非洲之角多年来一直遭受严重干旱。由于大雨造成的破坏，印度已经停止出口大米。)”可知，作者用“But that is changing”想说的是气候变化引发的危机正在恶化。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases, he’s not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood-style disaster. What he’s hoping is to make people listen — and act — now we can see what climate change looks like.(当古特雷斯使用深刻影响的话语时，他并不是在邀请我们想象好莱坞式的灾难。他所希望的是让人们现在就开始倾听并采取行动，现在我们可以看到气候变化是什么样子的)”可知，作者认为古特雷斯使用“全球沸腾”这一说法是为了让人们倾听并采取行动，因为现在我们可以看到气候变化的样子。因此，作者认为这种说法是合理可接受的。故选C项。 D South Korean government has tried everything to persuade women to have babies. Among their initiatives: sponsored housing for new couples, discounted after-childbirth care for new mothers, even a “baby payment” for each new born. Corporate South Korea is also getting in action, trying to delay a population crisis that could see the country’s workforce halve within 50 years. “We will continue to do what we can as a company to solve the low-birth issue,” Lee Joong-keun, the chairman of Booyoung Group, a Seoul-based construction company, said this month after awarding a total $5.25 million to his employees for babies born since 2021. Other companies are offering payments, too. This development has come about as South Korea’s fertility rate (生育率) — the average number of children a woman has over her lifetime — has decreased to 0.78 in 2022. That means the population is aging rapidly. “The main reasons behind the falling birthrate are the financial burdens of child care and challenges of balancing work and family,” Lee said. South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeol praised companies that came up with “tax benefits and other various support measures to boost child birth,” according to his spokes-woman. Despite aggressive efforts, South Korea’s fertility rate is on course to sink further to 0.65 by 2025. This is largely because of the stress put on women, who face fierce workplace discrimination if they want to pursue a career while having children, experts say. South Kore a ranked 105th out of 146 countries in gender equality last year, according to the Global Gender Gap Report. Whether financial bonus can have a positive impact on fertility remains an unanswered question. “Cash payouts are not affordable nor sustainable options for many companies,” said Yoon In-jin, a sociology professor at Korea University. “More importantly, South Korea’s male-dominated corporate culture has to fundamentally change in favor of working women,” he said. “Korean women will start having more babies if they don’t have to sacrifice their career for it.” Nearly 50% South Korean companies punished workers using parental leave, especially on promotions, according to Labor Ministry statistics. 12. What population problem is South Korea very likely to face in the future? A. Its fertility rate will continuously decline. B. Its population will halve within 50 years. C. There will only be the aged very soon. D. New-born babies will make up 65% by 2025. 13. What is the author’s attitude towards the current money-awarding measure? A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Far-sighted. D. Uncertain. 14 What does academic Yoon In-jin support to do in boosting fertility rate? A. Provide equal career security to women as men are enjoying. B. Improve South Korea’s global rank in gender equality. C. Remove women’s financial burdens and home-work balancing challenges. D. Offer couples with new born babies more tax benefits and other supports. 15. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. The reasons why South Korean women are not having babies. B. The policies South Kare a government applies to persuade women to have babies. C. The measures corporate South Korea takes to promote birthrate. D. The severe discrimination South Korean women are facing. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在韩国生育率低并持续下降的背景下韩国企业对育儿家庭采用的金钱奖励手段。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This development has come about as South Korea’s fertility rate (生育率)—the average number of children a woman has over her lifetime -- has decreased to 0.78 in 2022.(韩国的生育率——一名女性一生中平均生育的孩子数量——在2022年降至0.78)”以及第三段“Despite aggressive efforts, South Korea’s fertility rate is on course to sink further to 0.65 by 2025.(尽管采取了积极的措施，但到2025年，韩国的生育率仍将进一步下降至0.65)”可知， 韩国的生育率 2022年已经下降到0.78, 并且即使采取了许多政策措施，仍然在持续下降，到2025年预计降到0.65。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句的“Whether financial bonus can have a positive impact on fertility remains an unanswered question.(金钱奖励是否能对生育率产生积极影响仍然是一个悬而未决的问题)”可推知，作者对于金钱奖励这一手段是否有效用持不确定态度。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““More importantly, South Korea’s male-dominated corporate culture has to fundamentally change in favor of working women,”he said.“Korean women will start having more babies if they don’t have to sacrifice their career for it.(“更重要的是，韩国男性主导的企业文化必须从根本上改变，有利于职业女性，”他说。“如果韩国女性不必为此牺牲自己的事业，她们就会开始生更多的孩子。”)”以及最后一句“Nearly 50% South Korean companies punished workers using parental leave, especially on promotions, according to Labor Ministry statistics. (根据劳动部的统计，近 50%的韩国公司利用育儿假惩罚员工，尤其是在升职时)”可知，Yoon In-jin教授支持的生育率提高方案是需要为职业女性提供与男性同等的职业安全感。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。全篇文章以韩国政府采取的生育激励措施开篇，继而引入“Corporate South Korea is also getting in action”韩国企业也在采取行动， 第二段混合描述了企业的金钱奖励办法和严峻的人口问题，第三段表述了即使在各种措施之下生育率的仍旧低迷并简要陈述了韩国社会对女性、职业女性的歧视，最后一段援引专家观点表达了企业只有通过保障职业女性的职业安全感才能让韩国女性产生生育意愿。因而，本文的主题是韩国企业为了刺激生育率而采取的相关措施。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sports can help contribute to a healthy body and get you close to nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great impact on the environment. ____16____ Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场) in good condition. ____17____ For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held, responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. ____18____ You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, it can also keep you fit. ____19____ Experts say that 20 minutes daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. ____20____ And best of all, it’s free. A. It will cost you a lot. B. Some sports are resource-hungry. C. This causes major environmental effects. D. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. E. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. F. If you walk on a regular basis, it will benefit your heart and bones. G. More and more people are concerned about environmental protection 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些影响环境的娱乐项目，以及对环境影响较小的运动项目，最后鼓励人们参加那些环保型，耗费资源少的项目来保护环境。 【16题详解】 下文“Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. (你可能知道，高尔夫不仅会消耗大片的乡村地区，还会消耗大量的水资源。)”以高尔夫这项运动为例来说明有些运动消耗资源，B项“有些运动是资源消耗型的。”符合，引起下文，故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场) in good condition.(此外，各种各样的化学药品和巨大的能源被用来保持良好的状态。)”指出各种各样的化学药品和巨大的能源被用来保持良好的状态，空处承接上文，指出这样做的后果，C项“这会对环境造成重大影响。”符合，故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“There are many environment-friendly sports(有许多环保运动)”指出有许多环保运动，空处承接上文，D项“竞走是你今天可以从事的项目之一。”指出竞走是环保运动之一，故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Simple and free, it can also keep you fit.(简单，免费，它也可以让你保持健康。)”指出竞走的好处，下文“Experts say that 20 minutes daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.(专家说，每天20分钟可以让你感觉不那么焦虑，睡眠良好，并有更好的体重控制。)”指出每天有规律的竞走的好处，F项“如果你经常走路，对你的心脏和骨骼都有好处。”符合，进一步阐述了竞走的好处，同时引起下文，其中“walk on a regular basis”和下文“20 minutes daily ”相呼应，故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. (但最终目标应该是“绿色健身房”。它们是传统健身俱乐部和现代体育中心的更好替代品。绿色健身房的成员在户外、乡村或其他开放空间进行体育运动。)”和下文“And best of all, it’s free.(最棒的是，它是免费的。)”都在说绿色健身房的好处，由此可知，空处也应描述绿色健身房的好处，E项“开始成为会员并没有特别的要求。”符合，故选E。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jim Dwyer was once in the United States Air Force. Although he is retired, he is still ____21____ his country. This time it’s through ____22____ meals to those who truly need it. Every Thursday, Dwyer starts his day at Meals on Wheels in Westminster, ____23____ eight hot plates and sending the nutritious meals to older adults. “It’s ____24____ to help those in need because it offers us inner joy. You know it’s just the ability to help people that are ____25____ and not able to get out on their own. It’s something I get ____26____ from. And who knows? Maybe someday I might need this service too,” said Dwyer. Dwyer was ____27____ to join Meals on Wheels when he ____28____ to make sure his elderly parents had hot meals to eat. “I saw on TV here in Westminster that they were looking for ____29____ for Meals on Wheels, and I said I could do that,” said Dwyer. His _____30_____ to work for his fellow Americans, as he did in the military, is _____31_____. It is true that the meals bring _____32_____ to those getting a plate. “Jim is great. He has been one of our _____33_____ volunteers for a long time,” said Darla Olson of Meals on Wheels. As the saying goes, “It’s never too late to learn.” _____34_____, Dwyer’s story tells us that it is also never too late to make _____35_____ efforts to work for the good of the community. 21. A. serving B. building C. promoting D. missing 22. A. introducing B. selling C. delivering D. returning 23. A. picking up B. trying out C. showing off D. setting aside 24. A. convenient B. wonderful C. common D. possible 25. A. given up B. turned down C. laid off D. shut in 26. A. knowledge B. confidence C. satisfaction D. support 27. A. advised B. allowed C. inspired D. required 28. A. demanded B. pretended C. happened D. attempted 29. A. organizers B. driver C. cooks D. waiters 30. A. refusing B. continuing C. learning D. failing 31. A. identified B. confirmed C. appreciated D. suspected 32. A. smiles B. doubts C. pride D. honour 33. A. honest B. independent C. moved D. committed 34. A. Actually B. Hopefully C. Occasionally D. Gradually 35. A. temporary B. constant C. random D. obvious 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Jim Dwyer退伍后继而为需要帮助的老年人送有营养的饭菜，他的故事告诉我们为了社会的利益而不断努力永远不晚。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他已经退伍，但他仍在为国家服务。A. serving服务；B. building建造；C. promoting提升；D. missing错过。根据句中的Although可知，前后表示转折，这里是说虽然他退伍了，但他仍以另一种方式为国家服务。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次是通过送餐给那些真正需要的人。A. introducing介绍；B. selling出售；C. delivering运送；D. returning返回。根据下文中的“sending the nutritious meals to older adults”可知，这里是说给那些真正需要的人送餐。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每周四，Dwyer都会在威斯敏斯特的“Meals on Wheels”开始他的一天，拿起八个热盘子，把营养餐送到老年人手中。A. picking up拿起；B. trying out试用；C. showing off炫耀；D. setting aside把……放到一旁（或搁到一边）。根据空后的“eight hot plates and sending the nutritious meals to older adults”可知，这里是说他拿起八个装着饭菜的热盘子去送到老年人那里。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帮助那些需要帮助的人真是太令人愉快了，因为这能给我们带来内心的快乐。A. convenient方便的；B. wonderful令人高兴的，使人愉快的；C. common共同的；D. possible可能的。根据句中的“because it offers us inner joy”可知，帮助有需要的人令他高兴。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你知道，这只是帮助那些被关在家里无法独自外出人的能力。A. given up放弃；B. turned down拒绝；C. laid off解雇；D. shut in将……关在里面。根据空后的“and not able to get out on their own”可知，这是说这些老人被关在家里面。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我从中获得满足感的事情。A. knowledge知识；B. confidence信心；C. satisfaction满足，满意；D. support支持。根据上文中的“it offers us inner joy”可知，做这件事让他获得内在快乐，说明这可以给他带来满足感。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Dwyer试图确保年迈的父母有热腾腾的饭菜吃时，他受到了启发，加入了“Meals on Wheels”。A. advised建议；B. allowed允许；C. inspired启发；D. required要求。根据句中的“when he ____8____to make sure his elderly parents had hot meals to eat”可知，他在试图让自己的父母吃上热饭菜时受到了启发，加入这个组织去帮助其他老年人。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. demanded要求；B. pretended假装；C. happened碰巧；D. attempted试图，企图。根据空后的“to make sure”可知，这里表示试图去做这件事。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在威斯敏斯特的电视上看到他们正在为“Meals on Wheels”寻找司机，我说我可以做到。A. organizers组织者；B. drivers司机；C. cooks厨师；D. waiters服务员。根据上文中的“____3____eight hot plates and sending the nutritious meals to older adults”和空后“Meals on Wheels”中的Wheels代表汽车可知，这里是说该组织在招募司机去运送饭菜。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续为美国同胞工作，就像他在军队里所做的那样，值得赞赏。A. refusing拒绝；B. continuing继续；C. learning学习；D. failing未能（做到），失败。根据句中的“as he did in the military”可知，他在军队服役是为了美国同胞的安居乐业，而现在他退伍之后为有需要的老人送饭菜，这是换了一种方式继续为美国同胞发光发热。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. identified识别；B. confirmed确认；C. appreciated欣赏；D. suspected怀疑。根据下文“Jim is great.(Jim很棒。)”和他做的这些奉献自我的事情可知，他的这种行为值得人们赞赏。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：的确，这些饭菜给那些得到盘子的人带来了微笑。A. smiles微笑；B. doubts怀疑；C. pride骄傲；D. honour荣誉。根据第一段中的“through ____2____meals to those who truly need it”可知，他把饭菜送到有需要的人手中，结合常识，这些人收到饭菜后会很开心，喜笑颜开。故选A。 33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，他一直是我们尽心尽力的志愿者之一A. honest诚实的；B. independent独立的；C. moved感动的；D. committed尽心尽力的。根据第二段“Every Thursday, Dwyer starts his day at Meals on Wheels in Westminster, ____3____eight hot plates and sending the nutritious meals to older adults. (每周四，Dwyer都会在威斯敏斯特的‘Meals on Wheels’开始他的一天，拿起八个热盘子，把营养餐送到老年人手中。)”可知，他每周四都去“Meals on Wheels”做志愿者，说明了他很尽心尽力。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Dwyer的故事还告诉我们，为了社会的利益而不断努力永远不会太晚。A. Actually事实上；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Occasionally偶然地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据空后的内容“Dwyer’s story tells us that it is also never too late to make ____15____efforts to work for the good of the community”可知，这里强调了Dwyer的事迹教给人们的道理，应用Actually。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. temporary暂时的；B. constant不断的，持续的；C. random随机的；D. obvious显然的。根据倒数第三段中的“His ____10____to work for his fellow Americans, as he did in the military”可知，他为社会不断地奉献自我。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s first robot police officer started to work this week. ____36____ (it) name is Robocop. It is part of the Dubai Police force. Robocop’s first official job was to greet guests at a security conference. Apart from ____37____ (greet) visitors, it also answered questions and gave ____38____ (direct). Robocop has a built-in tablet (内置平板电脑) for people to interact (互动) with, pay traffic fines and use other police services. The tablet ____39____ (link) to a police station, so people can talk to real police officers. The 170-centimetre-tall Robocop can speak six languages, ____40____ can also shake hands, salute people and recognize people’s emotions and ____41____(face) expressions. Robocop is the first of many robot police officers in Dubai. ____42____ (hopeful), 25 per cent of the Dubai Police force will have been robots ____43____ 2030 and Dubai will have the first smart police station. No humans will work there. A spokesman said, “The Robocop is the latest smart addition to the police force and has been designed ____44____(help) us fight crime, keep the city safe and improve happiness levels.” Robocop will also assist and help people in the malls or on the streets. ____45____ official at the security conference commented, “The age of the robots is no longer coming. It has arrived.” 【答案】36. Its 37. greeting 38. directions 39. is linked 40. which 41. facial 42. Hopefully 43. by 44. to help 45. An 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了迪拜警察部队的新成员——机械战警。 【36题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：它的名字叫机械战警。修饰名词name应用形容词性物主代词。it的形容词性物主代词为its，设空处在句首，单词首字母大写。故填Its。 【37题详解】 考查动名词。句意：除了接待游客外，它还回答问题并给游客指出方向。设空处在介词from后，应用动名词，作宾语。故填greeting。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：除了接待游客外，它还回答问题并给游客指出方向。gave后接宾语，direct的名词为direction，意为“方向”，可数名词，此处表示泛指，且空前无不定冠词，故用复数。故填directions。 【39题详解】 考查时态、语态。句意：该平板电脑与警察局相连，因此人们可以与真正的警察交谈。陈述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时态，link与逻辑主语The tablet之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数，助动词应用is。故填is linked。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：身高170厘米的“机械战警”会说六种语言，还能握手、敬礼、识别人的情绪和面部表情。此处考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词，先行词为The 170-centimetre-tall Roboco，为物，在从句中作主语，故填which。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：身高170厘米的“机械战警”会说六种语言，还能握手、敬礼、识别人的情绪和面部表情。修饰名词 expressions应用形容词，face的形容词为facial，意为“面部的”，作定语。故填facial。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：希望到2030年，迪拜25%的警察部队将由机器人组成，迪拜将拥有第一个智能警察局。修饰整个句子，设空处应用副词。hope的副词为hopefully，意为“有希望地”，做状语。设空处在句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Hopefully。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：希望到2030年，迪拜25%的警察部队将由机器人组成，迪拜将拥有第一个智能警察局。根据句子的谓语所用的将来完成时态可知，设空处应用介词by，意为“不迟于；在……之前”，作状语。故填by。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：机器警察是最新的智能警察队伍，旨在帮助我们打击犯罪，维护城市安全和提高幸福水平。此处考查动词短语be designed to do，意为“目的是，旨在”，动词不定式作状语。故填to help。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：安全会议上的一位官员评论说：“机器人的时代不再来。它已经到了。”此处单数名词official第一次出现，考查泛指，应用不定冠词，official元音音素开头，故填An。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的外国好友Tom想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件向你征求意见。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由；2. 提出相关的学习建议；3. 你的祝愿。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, Knowing that you have a great passion for learning a traditional Chinese art, I’m overjoyed to recommend that you explore Chinese calligraphy. As we know, Chinese calligraphy is more than a form of visual art, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly. Exposure to it is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. To learn it well, it’s essential to get all the stationery needed ready and then imitate the strokes of noted calligraphers attentively. Furthermore, enrolling in an online course is a sensible option to study it systematically. Hopefully, you will find joy and make steady progress in this journey of learning Chinese calligraphy. Best regards. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你的外国好友Tom想学一门中国传统艺术，发邮件向你征求意见，要求考生他回一封邮件推荐一门中国传统艺术并简述理由，提出相关的学习建议和你的祝愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：overjoyed→delighted 方法：approach→way 重要的：essential→important 另外：furthermore→in addition 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Exposure to it is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. 拓展句：Exposure to Chinese calligraphy, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly, is an effective approach to cultivating your patience and deepening your insight into Chinese traditional culture. 【点睛】[高分句型1]As we know, Chinese calligraphy is more than a form of visual art, which integrates beauty and strength with technique perfectly.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Knowing that you have a great passion for learning a traditional Chinese art, I’m overjoyed to recommend that you explore Chinese calligraphy.(that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was 16, my parents and I moved to a small town of Arizona. Since my parents were very busy at that time, my Aunt Julia often took care of me during their absence. One rainy day, when Julia and I were heading toward home, I caught sight of an old lady wearing an orange jacket with a huge bag and a walking stick. Out of curiosity, I asked Julia, “Who is she? What is she doing with that huge bag?” Julia caught a glimpse at her, then told me, “She is called Melinda. She has been collecting garbage with that huge garbage bag in the town for several years. Nobody knows why she’s been doing it. Maybe just for fun.” Hearing her words, I couldn’t help exclaiming, “Wow! It’s so strange! Why does she find it funny to collect garbage?” Since that day, I had come across her for many times on my way home. She always carried the huge garbage bag whether it was rainy or sunny. Gradually, I didn’t find her strange for collecting garbage. Instead, I began to greet her with a smile. Two years later, I was admitted to Chicago University. To my disappointment, I often saw trash on the lawn on campus. “Why should people litter everywhere? Who is responsible for the trash?” A few days later, it occurred to me that, since nobody took responsibility for it, why not collect trash myself? That way, I could walk past the lawn without feeling guilty. Then, I took action. I always took a trash bag and collect trash on the lawn every time I walked past it. A few students also followed suit soon afterwards, keeping the school cleaner and prettier than before. One day, an idea popped into my head when I finished collecting trash — maybe we could help make the city cleaner and prettier too! Despite the thought that collecting trash in front of so many people outside school was awkward, I knew it was the right thing to do. So I decided to give it a go. 注意：1. 续写词数共150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: One day, I was collecting garbage outside the school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Then I realized that I should encourage more students to take part. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One day, I was collecting garbage outside the school. Some people gave me a strange look, as if l were mad. All of a sudden, I thought of the old woman who used to collect garbage many years ago. It occurred to me that I was acting just like her. As strange as that may seem, collecting garbage was meaningful for me. Little by little, a lot of people, came to realize that I was doing voluntary service to keep the town clean, and I was complimented and thanked. Then I realized that I should encourage more students to take part. Surprisingly, they agreed and we founded a voluntary group. We gave each student a bright orange jacket with the message “Let’s Keep Our Town Cleaner!” We spent the time not just collecting trash, but also sorting it out and recycling it. The most wonderful thing was that all the people who were close to us were also doing their part! I said to myself, “This is what the old woman did for me. She has changed my life greatly.“” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者在年轻时受老妇人的影响开始收集垃圾，后来在大学时继续这种行为，并得到其他同学的支持，最终建立了一个志愿者团体，致力于保持城镇的清洁，并鼓励更多人参与。文章传达了一个关于环保和社会责任的正能量故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，我在学校外面捡垃圾。”可知，第一段可描写作者在学校外面捡垃圾的过程以及作者的感受。。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后我意识到我应该鼓励更多的学生参加。”可知，第二段可描写作者成立了一个志愿者小组鼓励更多的人进来参与收集垃圾。。 2.续写线索：在学校外面捡垃圾——想起了多年前收集垃圾的老妇人——认识到行为的意义——鼓励更多的学生参加收集垃圾——成立了一个志愿者小组——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想到：thought of sth/sth came into one’s mind ②成立，建立：founded/set up ③感谢：thanked/appreciated 情绪类 ①令人惊讶的是：Surprisingly/Amazingly/ To one's surprise ②美妙的：wonderful/fantastic 【点睛】【高分句型1】All of a sudden, I thought of the old woman who used to collect garbage many years ago.(运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Little by little, a lot of people, came to realize that I was doing voluntary service to keep the town clean, and I was complimented and thanked. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$