精品解析：北京对外经济贸易大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一3月月考英语试题

2025北京贸大附中高一3月月考 英语 （满分100分，考试时间90分钟 命题人∶高一备课组 审核∶高一备课组） 第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A mystery man, known as Benny, has been spreading happiness—one $100 bill at a time for more than three years in and around Salem, Oregon. He randomly ____1____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers. When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him, he started ____2____ his bills. It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported. Some people have been ____3____ where the bills are found, and notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs. Those who find one all have a similar tale about being ____4____ when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something. It is ____5____ how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands. They have helped people pay their electric bill, make their rent, and even provide the homeless with ____6____ for a couple of nights. But the real magic of Benny is that more than half of the ____7____ report paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need. Some of the most heartwarming stories involve ____8____. Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank. The bills are so ____9____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses. It’s a ____10____, they say, to give and be like Benny. 1. A. covers B. buries C. hides D. stores 2. A. returning B. checking C. changing D. signing 3. A. keeping sight of B. keeping track of C. losing sight of D. losing track of 4. A. amazed B. impressed C. inspired D. amused 5. A. acceptable B. sensible C. admirable D. remarkable 6. A. food B. clothing C. shelter D. transport 7. A. finders B. sellers C. losers D. receivers 8. A. teachers B. children C. the elderly D. the disabled 9. A. protected B. recommended C. treasured D. expected 10. A. chance B. challenge C. record D. reminder 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 根据句意及提示词，用其适当形式填空（每词仅用一次） shock strategy attempt curious reflect on observe assume rescue flexible break down 11. The scientists ____________ the ants’ behavior for weeks before publishing their report. 12. The child’s ____________ about how stars are formed motivated him to study astronomy. 13. When the car engine ____________ yesterday, we had to cancel our road trip. 14. After three failed ____________, she finally succeeded in solving the complex math problem. 15. The trapped hikers ____________ by a team of volunteers after two days in the mountains. 16. Taking time to ____________ past decisions can lead to better choices in the future. 17. The sudden explosion ____________ everyone in the neighborhood, leaving them trembling. 18. Many people ____________ that hard work alone guarantees success but opportunities also matter. 19. A(n) ____________ schedule allows students to balance study and extracurricular activities effectively. 20. To win the debate competition our team developed a clever ____________ focusing on logical arguments. 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. When Tony studied in the UK, he often ________ (jog) around the park to keep fit.(所给词的适当形式填空) 22. I will always remember the birthday party ________ was held in a beautiful garden. (用适当的词填空) 23. The movie “Ne Zha” ____________ (inspire) by Chinese mythology (神话), and has gained great success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________life has developed gradually. (用适当的词填空) 25. Milk ________(deliver) to our doorstep every morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26. It is an annual custom in the town ________(decorate) the streets with colorful lights. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27. Do you know anyone ________ lifestyle is healthy and active? (用适当的词填空) 28. Before the match, no one imagined that he ________(win). (所给词的适当形式填空) 29. The reason ____________ he gave sounded unbelievable. (用适当的词填空) 30. Up until now, all the old machines ________(replace) with new ones. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you’re a keen walker or just starting out with walking, you might be understandably unwilling to do it outside in the cold. Believe it or not, there are many benefits of walking outside in the cold. If you’re thinking about adding cold-weather walks to your exercise routine, here are some tips. Dressing in layers Dressing properly for cold-weather walks is so important. Wearing several pieces of clothing on top of one another can help your body better adapt to decreased temperatures. You can start out with a base layer, the one closest to your skin and made out of sweat-absorbing (吸汗的) material, include a middle layer that helps you keep body heat, and then finish with a shell layer that protects against the outside elements like rain, wind or snow. Protecting your extremities Protect your feet and hands by wearing gloves and warm socks. When you start doing cardio exercises like walking or intense exercise, your blood tends to go where it’s most needed (i. e., your organs), not to the extremities. This means your extremities are more likely to get cold damage, so you need to make sure that they’re protected with cold-weather walking gear (装备). Wearing reflective gear If the route you’re walking on doesn’t have many well-lit areas, it may be a good idea to wear reflective clothing, which is made out of materials that naturally reflect light so that passersby can better see you. Making it fun Making cold-weather walking more enjoyable involves elements of interest, variety, and comfort during the experience. Walking with a friend or a pet can add a social aspect to your activity. It can be more fun to share the experience and conversation, making the time pass more quickly. Walking in cold weather can boost your immune system. However, it’s always important to consult with your healthcare provider before beginning a new exercise. When embarking on your cold-weather walks, exercise caution for a safe and enjoyable experience. 31. What’s the function of a shell layer for a cold-weather walk? A. To lock body heat. B. To create a stylish appearance. C. To keep the skin dry. D. To defend against wind or rain. 32. According to the passage, what can we learn about cold-weather walking? A. Reflective clothing is a necessity. B. Walking with a friend may increase speed. C. Beginners should seek advice from healthcare providers. D. Blood tends to flow more to hands and feet during walking. 33. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To provide guidance on cold-weather walking. B. To call on people to work out in cold weather. C. To explain the benefits of cold-weather walking. D. To introduce basic wear for walking in cold weather. B I did not expect so many people to be here. Over five hundred were seated in rows that extended into the open gymnasium beyond. I could hear the occasional sound of a cough or a child trying to stay quiet, but it all sounded muffled as if I was under water. Every night, Ethan and I practiced hard until my voice got rough (沙哑的) and his fingers hurt. We were invited to perform at a national music concert. It was a rare opportunity for us to shine, so we wanted to give it our all. Every run-through we did, we’d fix a few mistakes but always find a few new ones in exchange. It was like two steps forward and one step back. Even though we sometimes disagreed, we stayed focused on our goal. As we walked up onto the stage, I could feel a thousand sharp eyes on me. The air was perfectly still. The lights felt hot on my face. When the music began, I froze. My mouth opened, but no sound came out. Ethan slowed the piano down for a beat as he looked over at me. He knew something was wrong, but he continued onward as he had been trained to do. I searched desperately for a solution, my eyes moving quickly around the darkened hall. I felt as if time had stopped. Then, I locked eyes with Mom. Even at a distance, I could sense her gently mouthing the words to me as she had always done whenever I’d forget my lyrics, “Elise, you can do it.” I took a deep breath and my voice finally came out, strong and clear. Ethan and I rode through the rest of the song until the end, our voices and the piano fitting together in harmony. A moment of reflective silence. Then, the entire audience rose to their feet in applause. A month later, I felt like I was under water again. A soft announcer called out, “Fantaisie Impromptu, Op. 66.” I walked onto the stage. As I looked up, I saw my mom. She watched me patiently and gave me a reassuring nod. Gradually, the pressure on my chest melted away and I could breathe once more. I had done this before, and I would do it again. 34. Elise was nervous because ______. A. she didn’t practice enough with Ethan B. she was worrying about her rough voice C. she didn’t share the same goal with Ethan D. she had to face a large audience in the hall 35. When Ethan started to play the piano, Elise ______. A. lost herself in the beautiful music B. tried to sing but couldn’t make a sound C. felt something wrong with the stage lights D. counted the beats of the song alongside him 36. What does the story mainly tell us? A. Teamwork turns the impossible into reality. B. Continuous hard work will eventually pay off. C. Support from loved ones lights the path to confidence. D. True strength comes from overcoming repeated failures. C When I was a kid, my summer sport of choice was baseball. Every day I played until it was too dark to see the ball. It was about fun and not fitness. But now that I’m older, and my baseball glove has been officially retired, I need a summertime sport that brings back the playfulness of my youth, but also works to keep my physical and mental skills sharp. So, I picked up a racket (球拍). It turns out that racket sports are not only fun, but they may help me live longer. A study published online by the British Journal of Sports Medicine examined the connections between six different types of exercise and the risk of early death. Researchers looked at racket sports, swimming, aerobics, cycling, running, and soccer. Study volunteers included 80,306 people, who ranged in age from 30 to 98. Over the course of the study’s nine years, those who regularly played racket sports were 47% less likely to die of any cause and 56% less likely to die of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. “In many ways, racket sports like tennis, badminton, table tennis, and other variations are the ideal exercise for many older adults,” says Daryanani, a physical therapist and personal trainer with Harvard-affiliated Spaulding Outpatient Center. “Besides offering a good cardiovascular workout, they can help with both upper-and lower-body strength at the same time. They can be played at any age, can be adapted to fit most fitness levels, and do not involve a lot of equipment.” Racket sports offer something other fitness sports do not - lateral (横向) movement. “Most of our lives are spent moving forward, and that includes our exercise,” says Daryanani. “Racket sports force you to move both back and forth and side to side. This helps improve balance, which can lower your risk of falls.” This kind of activity also exercises your mind. It sharpens your planning and decision-making skills, as you must always be ready for and make your next shot. Racket sports also have something to do with social relationships. You play against other people - either by yourself or part of a doubles team - while other exercises like running, swimming, and cycling are more individual (个人的) sports. Frequent social contact is important for a long and healthy life. In fact, a 2021 study found that loneliness led to physical and mental illness and an increased risk of death among adults older than age 60. So, go ahead, pick up a racket and enjoy the benefits of having good health. 37. Why does the author mention his personal experience in Paragraph 1? A. To stress how fun it was to play baseball. B. To highlight the benefits of playing sports. C. To show how his sport preferences had changed. D. To present the reasons for starting racket sports. 38. The study in Paragraph 3 shows ________. A. doing exercise is popular among adults B. different types of exercise are connected C. people choose different sports as they age D. racket sports may help to prevent early death 39. Paragraph 6 mainly talks about ________. A. why loneliness is bad for human beings B. why racket sports are socially good for people C the important findings of physical and mental illness D. the comparison between racket sports and other fitness sports 40. What can we learn about racket sports? A. They benefit people mentally rather than physically. B. They reduce the risk of falls as lateral movement is involved. C. They’re better than individual sports because they help improve balance. D. They’re suitable for young people because whole-body strength is required. D People do not always expect us to succeed. In light of this what happens when we think that others expect us to fail? In one study, researchers carried out an experiment with 330 online workers, asking them to do a computer task that involved clicking on rapidly moving targets. They were told that someone was observing their performance. After they completed a 15-second practice, they received one of three messages — stating underdog expectations, high expectations, or neutral expectations — from the observer; unknown to them, the expectations were randomly (随机地) given to them. Participants then performed the task, which required both effort and focus to do effectively. Researchers found that those who experienced underdog expectations performed better than those who received high or neutral expectations. To find out why underdog expectations lead people to perform better, researchers ran another experiment with 156 business students, having them complete a negotiations simulation (模拟谈判). Before they started negotiating, they were told that experts made predictions on their possibility of negotiating effectively. Once again, researchers randomly gave them either underdog, high, or neutral expectations. After the negotiation, the students were asked questions about their desire to prove others wrong, their self-confidence, and their assertiveness (魄力). Like with earlier studies, those who experienced underdog expectations performed the best. In addition, instead of having greater self-confidence or being more assertive, the desire to prove others wrong was what helped researchers understand why those experiencing underdog expectations performed better. Of course, underdog expectations do not always translate to success. There are many more examples of people failing to overcome the low expectations others set for them. So, when does being an underdog lead to success rather than failure? Researchers reran the computer task of clicking on a target, but this time was a bit different: before participants received randomly given underdog, high, or neutral expectations, they were also randomly given information about the observer’s credibility (可信度). Specifically, participants in the high credibility condition read that the observer was a high performer in the same task and had an excellent record of predicting others’ performance. In the low credibility condition, participants read that the observer was a poor performer and was often incorrect about others’ performance. Researchers found that underdog expectations from both less and more credible observers motivated (激励) participants to aim to prove others wrong. But this motivation only translated to better performance in the face of less credible observers, while it failed when it came from more credible observers. It appears that trying to prove highly credible people wrong may have developed a sense of anxiety, which undermined later performance. Quite the opposite, people experiencing underdog expectations from less credible observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully. Do these results mean leaders should set low expectations for their team to try to improve performance? Of course not. But they do suggest that more people can achieve success when they think others view them as underdogs. 41. The second experiment was intended to find out ________. A. whether experts’ predictions matched the performance of the students. B. how researchers should present participants with different expectations. C. what was behind the improved performance of “underdog” participants. D. who would fail to overcome low expectations set before the negotiation. 42. What can we learn from the passage? A. Different expectations were given based on participants’ assertiveness. B. Underdogs tend to outperform expectations in a low credibility condition. C. Self-confidence plays an important role in determining a person’s success. D. Participants were motivated to perform better when they trusted observers. 43. What does the word “undermined” underlined in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Weakened. B. Destroyed. C. Motivated. D. Translated. 44. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To present research findings about what causes underdog expectations. B. To compare the effects of underdog, high, and neutral expectations. C. To show how underdog expectations influence performance. D. To analyze when underdog expectations can lead to success. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Walking itself offers great physical health advantages like improved blood circulation (血液循环), muscle strengthening, and weight management. ____45____ Walking on uneven paths, slopes (坡), and rocky surfaces during a hike demands more from our bodies than a regular walk on flat ground. ____46____ Unlike the noisy urban environment, being on a hiking trail (路线) surrounds us with the wonders of nature. The fresh air, chirping of birds, and beautiful landscapes have a calming effect, reducing stress and anxiety. Moreover, hiking can be a social activity that strengthens relationships. Whether with friends, family, or in a group, sharing the experience of exploring a trail creates lasting memories. ____47____ The conversational pace of hiking also makes it an ideal form of group fitness. To start hiking, begin with research. Look for local hiking trails online, in guidebooks, or by asking local outdoor stores or park offices. ____48____ These trails typically have slight slopes and are relatively short, helping build confidence. Next, get the right gear (装备). Wear comfortable hiking shoes or boots, moisture-wicking clothes and layer up according to the weather. Don’t forget a hat for sun protection and a backpack. Pack your backpack with the necessities. Carry plenty of water and high-energy snacks like nuts, dried fruits, or energy bars. Include a trail map, a compass, or a charged GPS device. ____49____ Finally, to avoid injury, don’t push yourself too hard or fast through more challenging trails. Remember: The point is to be able to see the views and smell the flowers. A. Additionally, it educates us about nature. B. Hiking, however, increases these benefits. C. Choose easy or gentle trails as a beginner. D. We can support each other when it is hard. E. Getting started with hiking can be exciting. F. Mentally, hiking provides unique relaxation. G. A first-aid kit with basic supplies is also a must-have. 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题;第50—51小题各2分，第52小题3分，第53小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题. The Paradox of Choices A little café “The Sip and Smile”, known for its simple atmosphere, had been a gathering place in a small town for decades. The café offered a humble menu with three coffee options: black, cappuccino, and latte. People came, ordered their favorites, and enjoyed conversations that went on long after the coffee cups were empty. One day, the café decided to broaden its menu. In an effort to attract more customers, it introduced 50 varieties of coffee, ranging from espresso to flavored frappes. However, a strange thing started happening. As the menu grew, the once-busy café began losing its charm. People would walk in, look at the endless list of options, and hesitate, unable to decide. The pleasant conversations that used to fill the air turned into murmurs of uncertainty: “Should I try mocha today? Or maybe macchiato? Wait, maybe…?” What had once been a simple, joyous act of ordering coffee now felt like a burden. Customers spent more time choosing than sipping. The town folk, who once loved the café for its simplicity, were now confused by too many choices. This story of the café reflects a modern-day phenomenon: the paradox of choices. We’re presented with more options than ever before. Whether it’s choosing a career path, or deciding which product to buy, the numerous choices often leave us more stressed, and dissatisfied. Psychologist Barry Schwartz introduced the idea of the “paradox of choice,” which suggests that while having some choices is good, having too many can lead to anxiety, indecision, and dissatisfaction. This paradox arises because, as options increase, the effort to evaluate (评估) them increases too. We start to worry that we’ll make the wrong decision, or miss out on better choices. After months of declining business, the café learned its lesson. The café owner decided to return to a simpler menu. Now, customers had a select few options, each made with care. Conversations returned, the laughter came back, and the café once again became a place where choices felt easy and joyful. In life, the best decision often has nothing to do with the number of options — it’s the one that brings us peace. Just like the customers of the café, we too can find comfort in simplicity. 50. What did the café do to attract more customers? _____________________________________________________________________________ 51. Why does the paradox of choices arise? _____________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In life, the best decision is the one that offers the most options and brings us peace. _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. Do you prefer more choices or fewer choices when making a decision? Please explain it in your own words. (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________________ 第二节书面表达（15分） 54. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件，表示他对自己的形象不满，因此感到十分烦恼。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.表示理解； 2.提出建议。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：形象、外貌look Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025北京贸大附中高一3月月考 英语 （满分100分，考试时间90分钟 命题人∶高一备课组 审核∶高一备课组） 第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A mystery man, known as Benny, has been spreading happiness—one $100 bill at a time for more than three years in and around Salem, Oregon. He randomly ____1____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers. When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him, he started ____2____ his bills. It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported. Some people have been ____3____ where the bills are found, and notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs. Those who find one all have a similar tale about being ____4____ when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something. It is ____5____ how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands. They have helped people pay their electric bill, make their rent, and even provide the homeless with ____6____ for a couple of nights. But the real magic of Benny is that more than half of the ____7____ report paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need. Some of the most heartwarming stories involve ____8____. Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank. The bills are so ____9____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses. It’s a ____10____, they say, to give and be like Benny. 1. A. covers B. buries C. hides D. stores 2. A. returning B. checking C. changing D. signing 3. A. keeping sight of B. keeping track of C. losing sight of D. losing track of 4. A. amazed B. impressed C. inspired D. amused 5. A. acceptable B. sensible C. admirable D. remarkable 6. A. food B. clothing C. shelter D. transport 7. A. finders B. sellers C. losers D. receivers 8. A. teachers B. children C. the elderly D. the disabled 9. A. protected B. recommended C. treasured D. expected 10. A. chance B. challenge C. record D. reminder 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫本尼的神秘男子，三年多来一直在俄勒冈州塞勒姆及其周边地区传播快乐——一次一张100美元的钞票，他的行为不仅为很多人解决了困境，也激励了许多人效仿。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他随机地把钞票藏在商店里等着被发现，让毫无戒心的顾客惊喜不已。A. covers覆盖；B. buries埋葬；C. hides藏、隐藏；D. stores贮存。根据句中的“to be found”和下文中“It is estimated that he has hidden more than ￥50,000 worth”（据估计，他藏了价值超过5万美元的百元大钞）可知，本尼应该是把钞票藏到商店里让人们去找。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当发现其他人可能试图模仿他时，他开始在自己的钞票上签名。A. returning归还；B. checking检查；C. changing改变；D. signing签名。根据第三段“when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something.”（当一张印有“Benny”标志的100美元钞票从某种东西的包装里掉出来时）可知，为了防止被他人模仿，本尼在自己藏的钞票上都签上了“Benny”作为标记。故选D。 3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人一直在跟踪这些钞票的下落，并注意到他把它们留在了商店、市场和集市上。A. keeping sight of让……保留在视线内；B. keeping track of跟踪、记录；C. losing sight of看不见；D. losing track of失去消息。根据句中“notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs.”可知，一些人注意到了这些钞票被藏的位置，可见他们一直都在跟踪这些钞票的下落。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些找到钞票的人都有类似的故事，当一张印有“Benny”标志的100美元钞票从某种东西的包装里掉出来时，他们感到很惊讶。A. amazed惊讶的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. inspired得到激励的；D. amused好笑的。根据前文“notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs.”（注意到他把它们留在了商店、市场和集市上）和句中“falls out of the packaging of something.”可知，那些找到钞票的人应该是在商店、市场或集市上购物时，无意间发现钞票从包装里掉了出来的，应该感到很惊讶。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是，这些钞票似乎总是落到正确的人手里。A. acceptable可接受的；B. sensible明智的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. remarkable引人注目的、值得注意的。根据句中“how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands.”可知，这些钞票好像总是能被正确的有需要的人找到，这点应该是值得注意、引入注目的。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助人们支付电费，交房租，甚至为无家可归的人提供几个晚上的住所。A. food食物；B. clothing衣服；C. shelter住处、庇护处；D. transport运输。根据句中的“homeless”、“for a couple of nights”和句意可知，这些钱帮助人们解决了生活困难，为无家可归的人应该是提供了几个晚上的住处。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但本尼的真正魔力在于，超过一半的找到钞票的人报告说，他们把钱捐给了他们最喜欢的非营利组织或有需要的陌生人。A. finders发现者、找到者；B. sellers销售者；C. losers失败者；D. receivers收受者。根据前文“He randomly ____ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers.”（他随机地把钞票藏在商店里等着被发现，让毫无戒心的顾客惊喜不已。）和文章内容可知，应该是这些找到钞票的人中，有超过一半的报告说把钱给了他们最喜欢的非营利组织和有需要的陌生人。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些最暖心的故事与孩子有关。A. teachers教师；B. children孩子们；C. the elderly老年人；D. the disabled残疾人。根据下文“Instead of shopping for toys, they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank.”（他们决定为同学购买学习用品，或者为当地的食品库购买食品杂货，而不是购买玩具。）中的“toys”、“buy school supplies for their classmates”可知，这些暖心的故事应该是指一些找到钞票的孩子，他们没有用这些钱买玩具，而是为同学购买学习用品，或为当地的食品库购买杂货。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：找到这些钞票的人非常珍惜这些钞票，他们把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里。A. protected被保护；B. recommended被推荐；C. treasured被珍惜；D. expected被期待。根据句中“they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses”可知，他们把找到的钞票贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里保存，可见是非常珍惜的。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说，这是一个提醒，要给予，向本尼一样。A. chance机会；B. challenge挑战；C. record记录；D. reminder提醒。根据前文“The bills are so ____ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses.”（找到这些钞票的人非常珍惜这些钞票，他们把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里。）和本句中“to give and be like Benny”可知，找到钞票的人非常珍惜它们，把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里，以便随时可以看见，从而提醒自己也要像本尼一样学会给予。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 根据句意及提示词，用其适当形式填空（每词仅用一次） shock strategy attempt curious reflect on observe assume rescue flexible break down 11. The scientists ____________ the ants’ behavior for weeks before publishing their report. 12. The child’s ____________ about how stars are formed motivated him to study astronomy. 13. When the car engine ____________ yesterday, we had to cancel our road trip. 14. After three failed ____________, she finally succeeded in solving the complex math problem. 15. The trapped hikers ____________ by a team of volunteers after two days in the mountains. 16. Taking time to ____________ past decisions can lead to better choices in the future. 17. The sudden explosion ____________ everyone in the neighborhood, leaving them trembling. 18. Many people ____________ that hard work alone guarantees success, but opportunities also matter. 19. A(n) ____________ schedule allows students to balance study and extracurricular activities effectively. 20. To win the debate competition, our team developed a clever ____________ focusing on logical arguments. 【答案】11. had observed 12. curiosity 13. broke down 14. attempts 15. were rescued 16. reflect on 17. shocked 18. assume 19. flexible 20. strategy 【解析】 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：科学家们在发表报告之前，已经观察蚂蚁的行为好几个星期了。根据“the ants’ behavior ”可知，“observe”符合句意，作谓语动词。“观察” 这个动作发生在 “发表报告” 之前，“发表报告” 是过去的动作，所以 “观察” 是过去的过去，要用过去完成时。故填had observed。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个孩子对星星是如何形成的好奇心促使他去研究天文学。根据“ about how stars are formed”可知，“curious”符合句意，这里需要一个名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity。故填curiosity。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：昨天汽车发动机出故障时，我们不得不取消我们的公路旅行。根据“we had to cancel our road trip”可知，break down“出故障”符合句意，作从句谓语，根据yesterday可知，用一般过去时，break down的过去式是broke down。故填broke down。 【14题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：经过三次失败的尝试，她终于成功地解决了这道复杂的数学题。attempt“尝试”符合句意。attempt是可数名词，前面有three修饰，要用复数形式作宾语。故填attempts。 【15题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：被困的徒步旅行者在山里两天后被一队志愿者营救了。“rescue”营救，符合句意。主语hikers与谓语动词rescue之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were rescued。 【16题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：花时间反思过去的决定可以在未来做出更好的选择。reflect on是固定短语，意为“反思”符合句意，这里是用在不定式符号to后面，用动词原形。故填reflect on。 【17题详解】 考查时态。句意：突然的爆炸使附近的每个人都感到震惊，他们都在发抖。根据“leaving them trembling”可知，shock“使震惊”符合句意，作谓语动词。这里描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，shock的过去式是shocked。故填shocked。 【18题详解】 考查时态。句意：许多人认为仅仅努力工作就能保证成功，但机会也很重要。assume“认为”符合句意，作谓语动词。这是在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是Many people，谓语动词用原形。故填assume。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：灵活的日程安排能让学生有效地平衡学习和课外活动。根据“allows students to balance study and extracurricular activities effectively”可知，形容词flexible“灵活的”符合句意，作定语，修饰名词schedule。故填flexible。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：为了赢得辩论赛，我们队制定了一个以逻辑论证为重点的巧妙策略。这里需要一个名词作宾语，strategy意为 “策略”符合句意，不定冠词a提示单数形式。故填strategy。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. When Tony studied in the UK, he often ________ (jog) around the park to keep fit.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】jogged 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当托尼在英国学习时，他经常绕着公园慢跑以保持健康。空处是主句谓语动词，根据从句谓语“studied”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，空处谓语动词用过去式形式。故填jogged。 22. I will always remember the birthday party ________ was held in a beautiful garden. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which##that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将永远记得在一个美丽的花园里举行的生日聚会。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是the birthday party，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 23. The movie “Ne Zha” ____________ (inspire) by Chinese mythology (神话), and has gained great success. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is inspired 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：电影《哪吒》受到中国神话的启发，并且取得了巨大的成功。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语the movie与动词inspire之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数形式，be动词用is。故填is inspired。 24. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________life has developed gradually. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐发展星球。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词planet，先行词表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。 25. Milk ________(deliver) to our doorstep every morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is delivered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：牛奶每天早上送到我们家门口。根据时间状语“every morning”可知，此处为经常性的动作，使用一般现在时，milk和deliver为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is delivered。 26. It is an annual custom in the town ________(decorate) the streets with colorful lights. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to decorate 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用彩灯装饰街道是镇上一年一度的习俗。“It is + 名词 + to do sth.”是一个常用的句型，其中 to do sth.是真正的主语，it 是形式主语。故填to decorate。 27. Do you know anyone ________ lifestyle is healthy and active? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道谁的生活方式是健康和积极的吗？空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone，在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 28. Before the match, no one imagined that he ________(win). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would win 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在比赛前，没人能想到他会赢。根据句意和句中Before the match可知，从句中win发生在主句谓语动词imagined之后，应用过去将来时。故填would win。 29. The reason ____________ he gave sounded unbelievable. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which##that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他给出的理由令人难以置信。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作gave的宾语，用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 30. Up until now, all the old machines ________(replace) with new ones. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been replaced 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：直到现在，所有的旧机器都被更换成新的了。根据时间状语up until now可知，应用现在完成时，主语all the old machines与动词replace之间是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been replaced。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Whether you’re a keen walker or just starting out with walking, you might be understandably unwilling to do it outside in the cold. Believe it or not, there are many benefits of walking outside in the cold. If you’re thinking about adding cold-weather walks to your exercise routine, here are some tips. Dressing in layers Dressing properly for cold-weather walks is so important. Wearing several pieces of clothing on top of one another can help your body better adapt to decreased temperatures. You can start out with a base layer, the one closest to your skin and made out of sweat-absorbing (吸汗的) material, include a middle layer that helps you keep body heat, and then finish with a shell layer that protects against the outside elements like rain, wind or snow. Protecting your extremities Protect your feet and hands by wearing gloves and warm socks. When you start doing cardio exercises like walking or intense exercise, your blood tends to go where it’s most needed (i. e., your organs), not to the extremities. This means your extremities are more likely to get cold damage, so you need to make sure that they’re protected with cold-weather walking gear (装备). Wearing reflective gear If the route you’re walking on doesn’t have many well-lit areas, it may be a good idea to wear reflective clothing, which is made out of materials that naturally reflect light so that passersby can better see you. Making it fun Making cold-weather walking more enjoyable involves elements of interest, variety, and comfort during the experience. Walking with a friend or a pet can add a social aspect to your activity. It can be more fun to share the experience and conversation, making the time pass more quickly. Walking in cold weather can boost your immune system. However, it’s always important to consult with your healthcare provider before beginning a new exercise. When embarking on your cold-weather walks, exercise caution for a safe and enjoyable experience. 31. What’s the function of a shell layer for a cold-weather walk? A. To lock body heat. B. To create a stylish appearance. C. To keep the skin dry. D. To defend against wind or rain. 32. According to the passage, what can we learn about cold-weather walking? A. Reflective clothing is a necessity. B. Walking with a friend may increase speed. C. Beginners should seek advice from healthcare providers. D. Blood tends to flow more to hands and feet during walking. 33. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To provide guidance on cold-weather walking. B. To call on people to work out in cold weather. C. To explain the benefits of cold-weather walking. D. To introduce basic wear for walking in cold weather. 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在寒冷天气中步行的好处以及给出了进行寒冷天气步行的一些建议。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dressing in layers部分中“...and then finish with a shell layer that protects against the outside elements like rain, wind or snow.(……然后穿上外层，它可以抵御外界的风雨雪等因素)”可知，外层的作用是抵御风雨雪等外界因素。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, it’s always important to consult with your healthcare provider before beginning a new exercise.(然而，在开始一项新的运动之前，咨询你的医疗保健提供者总是很重要的)”可知，初学者应该向医疗保健提供者寻求建议。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you’re thinking about adding cold weather walks to your exercise routine, here are some tips.(如果你正在考虑将寒冷天气步行纳入你的日常锻炼中，这里有一些建议)”以及后文分别从穿衣、保护身体部位、穿着装备和增加趣味性等方面给出建议可知，文章的主要目的是为寒冷天气步行提供指导。故选A项。 B I did not expect so many people to be here. Over five hundred were seated in rows that extended into the open gymnasium beyond. I could hear the occasional sound of a cough or a child trying to stay quiet, but it all sounded muffled as if I was under water. Every night, Ethan and I practiced hard until my voice got rough (沙哑的) and his fingers hurt. We were invited to perform at a national music concert. It was a rare opportunity for us to shine, so we wanted to give it our all. Every run-through we did, we’d fix a few mistakes but always find a few new ones in exchange. It was like two steps forward and one step back. Even though we sometimes disagreed, we stayed focused on our goal. As we walked up onto the stage, I could feel a thousand sharp eyes on me. The air was perfectly still. The lights felt hot on my face. When the music began, I froze. My mouth opened, but no sound came out. Ethan slowed the piano down for a beat as he looked over at me. He knew something was wrong, but he continued onward as he had been trained to do. I searched desperately for a solution, my eyes moving quickly around the darkened hall. I felt as if time had stopped. Then, I locked eyes with Mom. Even at a distance, I could sense her gently mouthing the words to me as she had always done whenever I’d forget my lyrics, “Elise, you can do it.” I took a deep breath and my voice finally came out, strong and clear. Ethan and I rode through the rest of the song until the end, our voices and the piano fitting together in harmony. A moment of reflective silence. Then, the entire audience rose to their feet in applause. A month later, I felt like I was under water again. A soft announcer called out, “Fantaisie Impromptu, Op. 66.” I walked onto the stage. As I looked up, I saw my mom. She watched me patiently and gave me a reassuring nod. Gradually, the pressure on my chest melted away and I could breathe once more. I had done this before, and I would do it again. 34. Elise was nervous because ______. A. she didn’t practice enough with Ethan B. she was worrying about her rough voice C. she didn’t share the same goal with Ethan D. she had to face a large audience in the hall 35. When Ethan started to play the piano, Elise ______. A. lost herself in the beautiful music B. tried to sing but couldn’t make a sound C. felt something wrong with the stage lights D. counted the beats of the song alongside him 36. What does the story mainly tell us? A. Teamwork turns the impossible into reality. B. Continuous hard work will eventually pay off. C. Support from loved ones lights the path to confidence. D. True strength comes from overcoming repeated failures. 【答案】34. D 35. B 36. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去民族音乐会上表演，因为紧张发不出声音，多亏了母亲的支持让作者完成了演出。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“As we walked up onto the stage, I could feel a thousand sharp eyes on me. The air was perfectly still. The lights felt hot on my face.(当我们走上舞台时，我能感觉到有一千双锐利的眼睛盯着我)”可知，伊莉斯很紧张，因为她要面对大厅里的一大群观众。故选D。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When the music began, I froze. My mouth opened, but no sound came out. Ethan slowed the piano down for a beat as he looked over at me.(音乐响起时，我僵住了。我张开嘴，但没有发出声音。伊桑看着我，放慢了钢琴的节拍)”可知，伊桑开始弹钢琴时，艾利斯试着唱，但唱不出声音来。故选B。 【36题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Then, I locked eyes with Mom. Even at a distance, I could sense her gently mouthing the words to me as she had always done whenever I’d forget my lyrics, “Elise, you can do it.” I took a deep breath and my voice finally came out, strong and clear.(然后，我和妈妈对视了一下。即使在远处，我也能感觉到她温柔地用嘴对我说着歌词，就像每当我忘记歌词时她总是做的那样：“伊莉斯，你能行的。”我深吸了一口气，声音终于发出来了，有力而清晰)”结合文章主要讲述了作者去民族音乐会上表演，因为紧张发不出声音，多亏了母亲的支持让作者完成了演出。可知，这个故事主要告诉我们来自亲人的支持照亮了通往自信的道路。故选C。 C When I was a kid, my summer sport of choice was baseball. Every day I played until it was too dark to see the ball. It was about fun and not fitness. But now that I’m older, and my baseball glove has been officially retired, I need a summertime sport that brings back the playfulness of my youth, but also works to keep my physical and mental skills sharp. So, I picked up a racket (球拍). It turns out that racket sports are not only fun, but they may help me live longer. A study published online by the British Journal of Sports Medicine examined the connections between six different types of exercise and the risk of early death. Researchers looked at racket sports, swimming, aerobics, cycling, running, and soccer. Study volunteers included 80,306 people, who ranged in age from 30 to 98. Over the course of the study’s nine years, those who regularly played racket sports were 47% less likely to die of any cause and 56% less likely to die of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. “In many ways, racket sports like tennis, badminton, table tennis, and other variations are the ideal exercise for many older adults,” says Daryanani, a physical therapist and personal trainer with Harvard-affiliated Spaulding Outpatient Center. “Besides offering a good cardiovascular workout, they can help with both upper-and lower-body strength at the same time. They can be played at any age, can be adapted to fit most fitness levels, and do not involve a lot of equipment.” Racket sports offer something other fitness sports do not - lateral (横向的) movement. “Most of our lives are spent moving forward, and that includes our exercise,” says Daryanani. “Racket sports force you to move both back and forth and side to side. This helps improve balance, which can lower your risk of falls.” This kind of activity also exercises your mind. It sharpens your planning and decision-making skills, as you must always be ready for and make your next shot. Racket sports also have something to do with social relationships. You play against other people - either by yourself or part of a doubles team - while other exercises like running, swimming, and cycling are more individual (个人的) sports. Frequent social contact is important for a long and healthy life. In fact, a 2021 study found that loneliness led to physical and mental illness and an increased risk of death among adults older than age 60. So, go ahead, pick up a racket and enjoy the benefits of having good health. 37. Why does the author mention his personal experience in Paragraph 1? A. To stress how fun it was to play baseball. B. To highlight the benefits of playing sports. C. To show how his sport preferences had changed. D. To present the reasons for starting racket sports. 38. The study in Paragraph 3 shows ________. A. doing exercise is popular among adults B. different types of exercise are connected C. people choose different sports as they age D. racket sports may help to prevent early death 39. Paragraph 6 mainly talks about ________. A. why loneliness is bad for human beings B. why racket sports are socially good for people C. the important findings of physical and mental illness D. the comparison between racket sports and other fitness sports 40. What can we learn about racket sports? A. They benefit people mentally rather than physically. B. They reduce the risk of falls as lateral movement is involved. C. They’re better than individual sports because they help improve balance. D. They’re suitable for young people because whole-body strength is required. 【答案】37. D 38. D 39. B 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了球拍运动的好处，包括有助于延长寿命、锻炼身心以及促进社交关系等。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But now that I’m older, and my baseball glove has been officially retired, I need a summertime sport that brings back the playfulness of my youth, but also works to keep my physical and mental skills sharp. (但现在我年纪大了，我的棒球手套也正式退役了，我需要一项夏季运动，既能找回我年轻时的乐趣，又能锻炼我的身心技能。)”可知，作者在第一段提到他的个人经历是为了阐述开始球拍运动的原因，也就是现在的他需要一项既能找回年轻时的乐趣又能锻炼身心的运动。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Over the course of the study’s nine years, those who regularly played racket sports were 47% less likely to die of any cause and 56% less likely to die of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. (在这项为期九年的研究中，经常打球拍运动的人因任何原因死亡的可能性降低了47%，因心血管疾病死亡的可能性降低了56%。)”可知，第三段的研究表明球拍运动可能有助于预防早逝。故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第六段“Racket sports also have something to do with social relationships. You play against other people - either by yourself or part of a doubles team - while other exercises like running, swimming, and cycling are more individual (个人的) sports. Frequent social contact is important for a long and healthy life. (球拍运动也与社交关系有关。你要么一个人，要么作为双打团队的一员，与其他人对抗，而其他运动，如跑步、游泳和骑自行车，则更多是个人运动。频繁的社交接触对长寿和健康生活很重要。)”可知，第六段主要讲述了为什么球拍运动在社交上对人有益。故选B。 40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Racket sports force you to move both back and forth and side to side. This helps improve balance, which can lower your risk of falls. (球拍运动迫使你前后左右移动。这有助于改善平衡，从而降低摔倒的风险。)”可知，关于球拍运动，我们能了解到由于涉及横向运动，它们降低了摔倒的风险。故选B。 D People do not always expect us to succeed. In light of this, what happens when we think that others expect us to fail? In one study, researchers carried out an experiment with 330 online workers, asking them to do a computer task that involved clicking on rapidly moving targets. They were told that someone was observing their performance. After they completed a 15-second practice, they received one of three messages — stating underdog expectations, high expectations, or neutral expectations — from the observer; unknown to them, the expectations were randomly (随机地) given to them. Participants then performed the task, which required both effort and focus to do effectively. Researchers found that those who experienced underdog expectations performed better than those who received high or neutral expectations. To find out why underdog expectations lead people to perform better, researchers ran another experiment with 156 business students, having them complete a negotiations simulation (模拟谈判). Before they started negotiating, they were told that experts made predictions on their possibility of negotiating effectively. Once again, researchers randomly gave them either underdog, high, or neutral expectations. After the negotiation, the students were asked questions about their desire to prove others wrong, their self-confidence, and their assertiveness (魄力). Like with earlier studies, those who experienced underdog expectations performed the best. In addition, instead of having greater self-confidence or being more assertive, the desire to prove others wrong was what helped researchers understand why those experiencing underdog expectations performed better. Of course, underdog expectations do not always translate to success. There are many more examples of people failing to overcome the low expectations others set for them. So, when does being an underdog lead to success rather than failure? Researchers reran the computer task of clicking on a target, but this time was a bit different: before participants received randomly given underdog, high, or neutral expectations, they were also randomly given information about the observer’s credibility (可信度). Specifically, participants in the high credibility condition read that the observer was a high performer in the same task and had an excellent record of predicting others’ performance. In the low credibility condition, participants read that the observer was a poor performer and was often incorrect about others’ performance. Researchers found that underdog expectations from both less and more credible observers motivated (激励) participants to aim to prove others wrong. But this motivation only translated to better performance in the face of less credible observers, while it failed when it came from more credible observers. It appears that trying to prove highly credible people wrong may have developed a sense of anxiety, which undermined later performance. Quite the opposite, people experiencing underdog expectations from less credible observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully. Do these results mean leaders should set low expectations for their team to try to improve performance? Of course not. But they do suggest that more people can achieve success when they think others view them as underdogs. 41. The second experiment was intended to find out ________. A. whether experts’ predictions matched the performance of the students. B. how researchers should present participants with different expectations. C what was behind the improved performance of “underdog” participants. D. who would fail to overcome low expectations set before the negotiation. 42. What can we learn from the passage? A. Different expectations were given based on participants’ assertiveness. B. Underdogs tend to outperform expectations in a low credibility condition. C. Self-confidence plays an important role in determining a person’s success. D. Participants were motivated to perform better when they trusted observers. 43. What does the word “undermined” underlined in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Weakened. B. Destroyed. C. Motivated. D. Translated. 44. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To present research findings about what causes underdog expectations. B. To compare the effects of underdog, high, and neutral expectations. C. To show how underdog expectations influence performance. D. To analyze when underdog expectations can lead to success. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章论述了低期望如何影响人们的表现，研究表明，低期望能够激励人们表现得更好，特别是在观察者可信度较低的情况下。这是因为受试者有强烈的欲望去证明别人是错的，而这种欲望使他们表现得更好。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To find out why underdog expectations lead people to perform better, researchers ran another experiment with 156 business students, having them complete a negotiations simulation (模拟谈判).(为了找出低期望为何会让人表现得更好，研究人员对156名商科学生进行了另一项实验，让他们完成一场模拟谈判)”可推知，第二个实验的目的是找出“低期望”表现改善背后的原因。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Quite the opposite, people experiencing underdog expectations from less credible observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully.(恰恰相反，经历低可信度观察者的不被看好的人能够利用证明他人错误的欲望并成功表现出色)”可知，在低可信度情况下，“低期望”倾向于表现得比预期更好。故选B。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第七段“It appears that trying to prove highly credible people wrong may have developed a sense of anxiety, which undermined later performance. Quite the opposite, people experiencing underdog expectations from less credible observers were able to use the desire to prove others wrong and perform successfully.(看来，试图证明高度可信的人是错误的可能会导致焦虑感，从而undermined后续的表现。恰恰相反，经历低可信度观察者的不被看好的人能够利用证明他人错误的欲望并成功表现出色)”可知，试图证明高度可信的人是错误的可能会导致焦虑感，从而削弱后续的表现，所以undermined的意思是“削弱”。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据文章最后一句话“But they do suggest that more people can achieve success when they think others view them as underdogs.(但研究确实表明，当人们认为他人视他们为失败者时，他们可能会取得更多成功)”可知，文章介绍了一个研究，该研究表明低期望能激发更好的表现，并分析了何种情况下这种效果会产生。由此推知，文章的主要目的是解释低期望如何影响表现。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Walking itself offers great physical health advantages like improved blood circulation (血液循环), muscle strengthening, and weight management. ____45____ Walking on uneven paths, slopes (坡), and rocky surfaces during a hike demands more from our bodies than a regular walk on flat ground. ____46____ Unlike the noisy urban environment, being on a hiking trail (路线) surrounds us with the wonders of nature. The fresh air, chirping of birds, and beautiful landscapes have a calming effect, reducing stress and anxiety. Moreover, hiking can be a social activity that strengthens relationships. Whether with friends, family, or in a group, sharing the experience of exploring a trail creates lasting memories. ____47____ The conversational pace of hiking also makes it an ideal form of group fitness. To start hiking, begin with research. Look for local hiking trails online, in guidebooks, or by asking local outdoor stores or park offices. ____48____ These trails typically have slight slopes and are relatively short, helping build confidence. Next, get the right gear (装备). Wear comfortable hiking shoes or boots, moisture-wicking clothes and layer up according to the weather. Don’t forget a hat for sun protection and a backpack. Pack your backpack with the necessities. Carry plenty of water and high-energy snacks like nuts, dried fruits, or energy bars. Include a trail map, a compass, or a charged GPS device. ____49____ Finally, to avoid injury, don’t push yourself too hard or fast through more challenging trails. Remember: The point is to be able to see the views and smell the flowers. A. Additionally, it educates us about nature. B. Hiking, however, increases these benefits. C. Choose easy or gentle trails as a beginner. D. We can support each other when it is hard. E. Getting started with hiking can be exciting. F. Mentally, hiking provides unique relaxation. G. A first-aid kit with basic supplies is also a must-have. 【答案】45. B 46. F 47. D 48. C 49. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徒步旅行的好处以及为徒步旅行做好准备的几点建议。 【45题详解】 根据上文“Walking itself offers great physical health advantages like improved blood circulation, muscle strengthening, and weight management.(散步本身就有很好的身体健康优势，比如改善血液循环、增强肌肉力量和控制体重。)”和下文“Walking on uneven paths, slopes, and rocky surfaces during a hike demands more from our bodies than a regular walk on flat ground.(在徒步旅行中，在不平坦的道路、斜坡和岩石表面上行走，比在平坦的地面上正常行走对我们的身体要求更高。)”可知，徒步旅行比普通的散步对身体有更高的要求，也说明徒步旅行的好处比普通散步更多。选项B“然而，徒步旅行增加了这些好处”符合语境。故选B。 【46题详解】 根据下文“Unlike the noisy urban environment, being on a hiking trail surrounds us with the wonders of nature. The fresh air, chirping of birds, and beautiful landscapes have a calming effect, reducing stress and anxiety.(与嘈杂的城市环境不同，走在徒步旅行的小径上，我们被大自然的奇观所包围。新鲜的空气、鸟儿的啁啾和美丽的风景具有舒缓的作用，可以减轻压力和焦虑。)”可知，本段主要介绍了徒步旅行可以减轻压力和焦虑，这是对精神方面的好处，选项F“在精神上，徒步旅行提供了独特的放松”符合语境。故选F。 【47题详解】 根据上文“Moreover, hiking can be a social activity that strengthens relationships. Whether with friends, family, or in a group, sharing the experience of exploring a trail creates lasting memories.(此外，徒步旅行可以是一种加强关系的社交活动。无论是与朋友、家人还是团体一起，分享探索小径的经历都会创造持久的回忆。)”和下文“The conversational pace of hiking also makes it an ideal form of group fitness.(徒步旅行的交谈节奏也使其成为理想的团体健身形式。)”可知，本段主要介绍了徒步旅行是一项可以加强关系的社交活动，那么空白处应承接上文说明徒步旅行是如何加强关系的，选项D“困难的时候我们可以互相支持”符合语境。故选D。 【48题详解】 根据上文“To start hiking, begin with research. Look for local hiking trails online, in guidebooks, or by asking local outdoor stores or park offices.(要开始徒步旅行，首先要进行研究。在网上、指南中或询问当地的户外商店或公园办公室寻找当地的徒步旅行路线。)”和下文“These trails typically have slight slopes and are relatively short, helping build confidence.(这些路线通常有轻微的斜坡，相对较短，有助于建立信心。)”可知，本段主要介绍了徒步旅行要选择适合的路线。选项C“作为初学者，选择简单或平缓的路线。”符合语境。故选C。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Pack your backpack with the necessities. Carry plenty of water and high-energy snacks like nuts, dried fruits, or energy bars. Include a trail map, a compass, or a charged GPS device.(背包里装上必需品。携带大量的水和高能小吃，如坚果、干果或能量棒。包括一张小径地图、一个指南针或一个充电的GPS设备。)”可知，本段主要介绍了徒步旅行要带的必需品，所以空白处也应承接上文说明要带的必需品。选项G“一个装有基本用品的急救包也是必不可少的”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共4小题;第50—51小题各2分，第52小题3分，第53小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题. The Paradox of Choices A little café “The Sip and Smile”, known for its simple atmosphere, had been a gathering place in a small town for decades. The café offered a humble menu with three coffee options: black, cappuccino, and latte. People came, ordered their favorites, and enjoyed conversations that went on long after the coffee cups were empty. One day, the café decided to broaden its menu. In an effort to attract more customers, it introduced 50 varieties of coffee, ranging from espresso to flavored frappes. However, a strange thing started happening. As the menu grew, the once-busy café began losing its charm. People would walk in, look at the endless list of options, and hesitate, unable to decide. The pleasant conversations that used to fill the air turned into murmurs of uncertainty: “Should I try mocha today? Or maybe macchiato? Wait, maybe…?” What had once been a simple, joyous act of ordering coffee now felt like a burden. Customers spent more time choosing than sipping. The town folk, who once loved the café for its simplicity, were now confused by too many choices. This story of the café reflects a modern-day phenomenon: the paradox of choices. We’re presented with more options than ever before. Whether it’s choosing a career path, or deciding which product to buy, the numerous choices often leave us more stressed, and dissatisfied. Psychologist Barry Schwartz introduced the idea of the “paradox of choice,” which suggests that while having some choices is good, having too many can lead to anxiety, indecision, and dissatisfaction. This paradox arises because, as options increase, the effort to evaluate (评估) them increases too. We start to worry that we’ll make the wrong decision, or miss out on better choices. After months of declining business, the café learned its lesson. The café owner decided to return to a simpler menu. Now, customers had a select few options, each made with care. Conversations returned, the laughter came back, and the café once again became a place where choices felt easy and joyful. In life, the best decision often has nothing to do with the number of options — it’s the one that brings us peace. Just like the customers of the café, we too can find comfort in simplicity. 50. What did the café do to attract more customers? _____________________________________________________________________________ 51. Why does the paradox of choices arise? _____________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In life, the best decision is the one that offers the most options and brings us peace. _____________________________________________________________________________ 53. Do you prefer more choices or fewer choices when making a decision? Please explain it in your own words. (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. It introduced 50 varieties of coffee. 51. Because, as options increase, the effort to evaluate them increases too. (We start to worry that we’ll make the wrong decision, or miss out on better choices.) 52. In life, the best decision is the one that offers the most options and brings us peace. According to the last paragraph, the best decision often has nothing to do with the number of options. 53. 参考1： I prefer fewer choices because making choices can be exhausting. Having fewer choices can help me stay focused and save my mental energy. On the contrary, the more options I have, the more likely I might suffer decision fatigue and regret the choice I’ve made. 参考2： I prefer fewer choices when making a decision. Firstly, limited choices can save me the trouble of assessing too many choices, which leads to quicker decision-making. Meanwhile, having fewer options allows a deeper understanding of each choice, helping me make better decisions. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活中的“选择的悖论”现象以及分析其产生的原因。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“In an effort to attract more customers, it introduced 50 varieties of coffee, ranging from espresso to flavored frappes.(为了吸引更多的顾客，它推出了50种咖啡，从浓缩咖啡到风味冰沙)”可知，咖啡馆引进了50种咖啡来吸引更多的顾客。故答案为It introduced 50 varieties of coffee. 51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“This paradox arises because, as options increase, the effort to evaluate (评估) them increases too. We start to worry that we’ll make the wrong decision, or miss out on better choices.(之所以出现这种悖论，是因为随着选项的增加，评估它们的努力也在增加。我们开始担心自己会做出错误的决定，或者错过更好的选择)”可知，出现选择悖论是因为，随着选择的增加，评估它们的努力也在增加。（我们开始担心自己会做出错误的决定，或者错过更好的选择。）故答案为Because, as options increase, the effort to evaluate them increases too. (We start to worry that we’ll make the wrong decision, or miss out on better choices.) 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In life, the best decision often has nothing to do with the number of options — it’s the one that brings us peace. Just like the customers of the café, we too can find comfort in simplicity.(在生活中，最好的决定往往与选择的数量无关——它能给我们带来平静。就像咖啡馆的顾客一样，我们也能在简单中找到安慰)”可知，错误部分为offers the most options，根据最后一段，最佳决策通常与选项的数量无关。故答案为In life, the best decision is the one that offers the most options and brings us peace. According to the last paragraph, the best decision often has nothing to do with the number of options. 【53题详解】 考查开放题。根据“在做决定的时候，你喜欢更多的选择还是更少的选择？请用你自己的话解释一下。”可回答：我更喜欢少一些选择，因为做选择可能会让人筋疲力尽。选择更少可以帮助我保持专注，节省我的精神能量。相反，我拥有的选择越多，我就越有可能感到决策疲劳，并为自己做出的选择感到后悔。或者：在做决定时，我喜欢选择少一些。首先，有限的选择可以省去我评估太多选择的麻烦，从而更快地做出决策。同时，较少的选择可以让我更深入地了解每个选择，帮助我做出更好的决定。故答案为参考1： I prefer fewer choices because making choices can be exhausting. Having fewer choices can help me stay focused and save my mental energy. On the contrary, the more options I have, the more likely I might suffer decision fatigue and regret the choice I’ve made. 参考2： I prefer fewer choices when making a decision. Firstly, limited choices can save me the trouble of assessing too many choices, which leads to quicker decision-making. Meanwhile, having fewer options allows a deeper understanding of each choice, helping me make better decisions. 第二节书面表达（15分） 54. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件，表示他对自己的形象不满，因此感到十分烦恼。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.表示理解； 2.提出建议。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：形象、外貌look Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’ m sorry to hear that you are upset about your image. I could understand such kind of feeling as it once happened to me. Now, I’m writing to give you some advice to help you get rid of the trouble. First of all, you should build up your self-confidence. Only when you are confident will you overcome the fear of your look. Second, you should keep it in mind that one’s beauty lies in his spirit other than appearance outside. What really matters is having a positive value. Last but not the least, you’d better make the most of your gifts so as to improve and make up for your weaknesses, which as a result will promote your self-confidence. Hopefully, my advice will be of great benefit to you. Looking forward to your good news. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，向他提出克服对个人形象不满意的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 了解：hear → learn 情感，情绪：feeling → emotion 发生：happen → occur 建议：advice → suggestions 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Now, I’m writing to give you some advice to help you get rid of the trouble. 拓展句：Now, I’m writing to give you some advice, which can help you get rid of the trouble. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Only when you are confident will you overcome the fear of your look.(运用了倒装句) 【高分句型2】What really matters is having a positive value.(运用了主语从句和动名词短语作表语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $