Unit 2 作业(四) SectionⅠ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

O英语·选择性必修第四册（配WY版） Unit 2 Lessons in life 作业（四） Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 层级①基础知识自测 10.Since you know that there is no point in complaining,why don't you live life I.单词拼写 the full? 1.The (反常的)bleeding is your body's Ⅲ.完成句子 own red flag of danger.You'd better go and get a comprehensive physical examination. 1.她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来。(asif) 2.In the past few years,we've seen works by from outer space. Chinese sci-fi writers winning international 2.发现自己写的文章被刊登在一本杂志上对她来 (认可). 说是一个巨大的惊喜。(t作形式主语) 3.Examine yourself and remove the (悲观 in a magazine. thoughts and habits that hold you back. 3.这个方法被认为是非常有效的，由你来决定是否 4.The boys have been (期待)meeting 用它。(upto) their favorite football player in person. The method is thought to be very efficient and 5.With the (广泛的)use of the Internet, communications across the world have steadily W.课文语法填空 developed over the years. Tuesdays with Morrie deals with the meaning 6.It is believed that happiness does not consist in of life and how 1. (live)it.Some readers how many (财产)you own. ! have given their reviews of this book. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 In the view of Arthur K,the book is more l.(2024·潍坊期末)Once thick with extremely tall about life than death.Being 2. (weak)by pines,the hills now are beyond (recognize). a severe illness,Morrie anticipates his own death 2.If you are willing to study in China,get and begins to observe everything as though touch with me and I will help you whenever you through new eyes.Morrie's 3. (brave) need me. towards the end of his life is inspirational,which 3.As the phrase goes,"Don't put all your eggs in 4. (encourage)us to appreciate what we one basket."So you had better not invest all have,and to make the most of each day. your (possess)in the property market. For Amy Wang,this book gives her a 5. 4.Since the 1990s,the role of the government in (deep)insight into the world than ever and economic development weaken ) enables her to see things from a different point of while the role of the market has increased. view.What Morrie says and does makes her realize 5.After a separation of more than 20 years,she that 6. (make)a lot of money won't and her youngest son were finally allowed to be always make us happy and that it's up to us to find reunited their family. out 7. is important in our lives and 6.The article provides insights the establish our own 8. (value). causes of the present economic crisis. As far as Marty is concerned,the book is just 7.Concentrate on the main points of the argument made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and try not to get (distract)by incidental details. and messages,many of which are repeated.9. 8.(2024·吉林一中期中)We've got so much work he recommends that people read it.After all, to get in such a short tie that we have it is something that's a bit different. to work extra hours every day. In the eyes of Vivian,the book is about 9.She had great pressure at work recently,which Morrie's reflections on love and friendship, may account for her normal) teaching us to always keep in touch 10. behavior. the good people we meet as we go through life. 10 层级②素养能力提升 2.What did the author realize after he suffered in life? I.阅读理解 A.Spoiled people can't survive the hardship of A life. I was selfish as a teenager.I usually spent my B.Spoiled people are never happy in life. time thinking about myself and taking care of my C.Life is cruel to spoiled people. own needs.I let my older brother do most of the D.Selfishness is helpful. work around the house until he left for college.I 3.What can be inferred from the passage? let my mom and dad worry about my bills and A.The author loved kids. problems while I read books,played,and lost B.When caring for his baby,the author got myself in my own imagination.This didn't change inspired. even when I went to college either.I studied hard C.The author realized the importance of happiness. but only to make my own life better.Even when I D.The author often fed his baby. started to explore my faith,it was only to increase 4.Which can be the best title of the passage? my own happiness. A.Loving Others,a Way to Happiness I married after graduation and decided to start B.The Elder One Grows,the More He Gets a family.Of course,I had no idea what hard C.Help Others,Help Oneself knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul. D.Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life B Soon I found myself unemployed,deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way.I found out that In a study published in Nature Communications,researchers from the University life has little sympathy for spoiled people.In fact, of Zurich told 50 people they'd be receiving about all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me. $100.Half of the people were asked to spend that money on themselves,and half were asked to Still,I didn't give up on happiness.I knew spend it on someone they knew.Before giving out that there must be a way to find it.I finally any money,the researchers brought everyone into realized,however,that it had to include more than the lab and asked them to think about a friend just my own needs,wants,and desires.The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly they'd like to give a gift to and how much they would spend.They then performed functional MRI after my baby boy was born.I got a bottle and held scans to measure activities in three parts of him in my arms.As I was feeding him I looked the brain related to social behaviour,generosity, down and saw his big,innocent,trusting eyes.I happiness and decision-making. smiled and talked to him.Then he smiled and I: Their choices-and their brain activities- could feel my heart growing,expanding with love. seemed to depend on how they had promised to I felt such peace and joy.At that moment I had a spend the money earlier.Those who had promised hint of the truth:it is by growing our hearts with to spend money on other people tended to make love that we find our happiness. more generous decisions throughout the Carolyn Arends wrote:"The more people you experiment.They also had more interaction let into your heart,the bigger your heart gets.The)between the parts of the brain related to more love you get,the more love you have to give. altruism (and happiness,and they reported It just keeps growing."So,keep loving,keep higher levels of happiness after the experiment was living and keep caring.Keep growing your heart over. today,tomorrow,and always. Another piece of good news was that planning 1.What do we know about the author from the to give away just a little bit of money had the same first paragraph? effects on happiness as giving away a lot."At least A.He often helped his brother with housework. in our study,the amount spent did not matter," B.He studied hard for his family. says lead author Philippe Tobler."Even little C.He was concerned about his family. things have a beneficial effect-like bringing coffee D.He put his own needs above others'. to one's workmates..” 11 。英语·选择性必修第四册（配WY版） It's not yet clear how long these warm feelings “No!”yelled my mum.I jumped back.That last after being generous.But studies have shown was the first time I can ever remember her yelling that older people who are generous tend to have:at me.Seeing the 4 look on my face,she better health,says Tobler,and other research has smiled and 5 showed me why she had yelled. suggested that spending money on others can be That piece of thread 6 in and out,making its effective at lowering blood pressure."Moreover, way from one end of the quilt to the other.If I had there is a positive connection between helping pulled it out,I might have torn the entire quilt and others and life expectancy(预期寿命)，”he adds. 7 hours of work. Next time you think that the best way to make As I look back on that 8 today,I can see yourself feel better is to buy yourself a treat,that each of our lives is like that 9.We are all consider that the opposite is likely true."It is just a 10 string in the tapestry (of life. worth giving it a try,even if you think it would We can't always 11 where we are going or not work,”Tobler says.“Repeated practice is what we are connected to.If we pull ourselves out probably needed so that giving becomes second of it,we will leave a 12 in it. nature..” Don't feel lost in the tapestry of life then. 5.What did the researchers find out about those Embrace your 13 in it.You may 14 be a promising to spend money on other people? single piece of thread but your love and your life A.They were much happier. help to 15 the whole thing together. B.They had less brain activities. 1.A.sewed B.ironed C.They were slower at making decisions. C.folded D.measured D.They experienced higher levels of stress. 2.A.winding up B.laid aside 6.What does Tobler want to illustrate by C.sticking out D.wrapped up mentioning bringing coffee to workmates? 3.A.curl B.pull A.It isn't hard to behave generously. C.tie D.break B.Being generous will pay off in the end. 4.A.depressed B.disappointed C.The amount of generosity did not matter. C.terrified D.annoyed D.Small acts of generosity can be seen 5.A.gently B.reluctantly everywhere. C.roughly D.eagerly 7.What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? 6.A.wove B.followed A.Ways to show generosity. C.ran D.circled B.Health benefits of being generous. 7.A.stopped B.ruined C.Reasons for performing acts of generosity. C.repaid D.disturbed D.Influences generous people have on others. 8.A.behavior B.emotion 8.What does Tobler suggest people do in the last C.response D.moment paragraph? 9.A.quilt B.thread A.Practice giving and make it a habit. C.scene D.work B.Don't expect anything in return when giving. 10.A.special B.strong C.Don't believe happiness depends on a good C.straight D.single treat. 11.A.recall B.believe D.Perform something good even if it may have a C.see D.discuss bad result. 12.A.blank B.hole Ⅱ.完形填空 C.line D.mark I can remember once when I was just a little 13.A.change B.weakness boy,I sat on a chair and watched as my mum C.power D.place painstakingly 1 a large,homemade quilt 14.A.only B.surely )I looked over at one edge of the quilt being C.still D.even sewed and saw a piece of thread 2.Without 15.A.do B.press thinking I reached over to 3 it. : C.push D.hold 12k 2.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“I decided to try :12.B由空前的also可知，此处与上文中的“I was s0 proud to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel”可知，作者写 ofmy10"对应，故proud符合文意。故选B. 小说是为了实现地的梦想。故选B。 13.C联系语境可知，此处指“我”对母亲特别感激故选C 3.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I'm writing a novel, 14,B联系上文中女儿不在乎他人的想法可知，此处指“我” butI'm not quite sure if I'm going to get there'”可知，作者 教给孩子的是要相信自己，故选B 在写小说的过程中并不确定是否能达到目标。故选A。 15.D联系语境可知，根据具体情况的变化，女儿愿意改变 由第三段中的“You're out for dinner and people ask what 自己追求的目标，也就是梦想可以被改变，此处与上文中 you do,and you're too ashamed to say... ”可知，作者在被 的“She has a(n)1 to be an opera singer'”相呼应，只 别人问是做什么的时候感到羞愧，而不是作者写小说的感 有dreams符合文意，故选D. 受，故B项和D项不正确：由第三段中的“My confidence Unit 2 Lessons in life died.”可知，作者没有信心，故C项不正确。 4.D主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者大学毕业时茨得英国文 作业（四）Section I Starting out 学学位，但是不知道自己想做什么，做过一些工作后，作者 Understanding ideas 明确了自己的梦想，经过努力最后成为一名作家。结合最 [层级1 基础知识自测 后一段中的“so to find myself in a position... is I.1.abnormal 2.recognition 3.pessimistic unbelievably rewarding”可知，通过坚持和努力找到自己的 4.anticipating 5.widespread 6.possessions 位置是有回报的，D项“坚持自己的梦想是有回报的”将合 Ⅱ，L,recognition2.in 3.possessions 4.has (been) 文章主旨。放选D. weakened 5.with 6.into 7.distracted 8.through B一[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章从几个方面论 : 9.abnormal 10.to 述了人类的未来是光明灿烂的。 Ill.1.It looked as if she had just come back 2.It was a great 5.C细节理解题。根据第二段中“Look up Homo sapiens surprise for her to find her article published 3.it's up to you in the 'Red List'of threatened species...there are no to decide whether to use it or not major threats resulting in an overall population decline." N.1.to live 2.weakened 3.bravery 4.encourages 知，根据世界自然保护联盟的“红名单”，推知人类足够强 5.deeper 6.making 7.what 8.values 9.However 大，可以继续生存下去。故选C。 10.with 6.C词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中“because it shows [层级2素养能力提升] many promising possibilities of achievement”推知，画线词 I.A [语篇解读]这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文主 “rosy”的意思是“有希望的” 要讲述作者自己的经历：由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对 7.B细节理解题，根据最后一段中“Take a longer view and 他人有爱的人，明白“爱他人即幸福”的道理。 we can say with considerable assurance that the past holds l.D细节理解题，根据文章第一段"let my older brother the key to the future...”可知，我们应该通过借鉴我们过 do most of the work""let my mom and dad worry about 去的经险来确保人类的未来。故选B。 my bills and problems""This didn't change even when I 8.A主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Until decades ago, went to college either""I studied hard but only to make our visions of the future were largely positive..”和最后一 my own life better""it was only to increase my own "Our future is quite rosy because it shows many happiness'”可知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事时 promising possibilities of achievement,.”可知，文章讲述的 总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑。故选D。 是人类光明灿烂的来，故选A。 2.C细节理解题。根据文章第二较“Soon I found myself Ⅱ，语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿想要成为 unemployed,deeply in debt,and with a new baby on the 一名歌剧演唱家，一些人对此不理解，认为这个职业没有前 way.I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled 途，但女儿认为如果她的歌剧事业发展不顺利的话她可以转 people.”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于感受到生 行。文章告诉我们梦想也可以有所改变，但我们要相信自 活对自私者是残忍的。故选C。 3.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As I was feeding him I 己，不能一床听从别人的意见 looked down and saw his big,innocent,trusting eyes...it 1.B联系语境可知，此处表示女儿被最好的音乐学院录取， is by growing our hearts with love that we find our 地的理想是成为一名歌剧演唱家。结合选项可知，B项符 happiness..”可知，作者在照料孩子的过程中，通过自悟，了 合文意，ambition“理想，夙愿” 解到通往幸福的途径是心中充满爱。故选B。 2.C联系上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系，故选C 4.A标题归纳题。本文主要讲迷作者自己的经历：由一个 3.C根据上文中的“that's a really hard career”及常识可以 自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，明白“爱他人 推断，他们认为靠这一职业谋生几乎是不可能的，故 即幸福”的道理。故选A。 impossible符合文意，故选C。make a living'“谋生” B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，慷慨使 4.A据上文中的“some people don't understand her choice'” 人更快乐、更健康 和“that's a really hard career”可知，此处表示没多少人能 5.A细节理解题。根据第二段可知，那些承诺将钱花给他 成功。make it表示“获得成功”。故选A。 人的人感觉更快乐，幸福感更强。 5.C联系语境并结合上文中的“has been admitted to the 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Tobler认为慷慨的程 world's best conservatory(音乐学院)”可知，此处指邻居询 度并不会影响快乐，他通过给阿事带咖啡的例子说明即使 问“我”女儿的专业。major in“主修”。故选C。 微小的娘慨之举也能带来快乐。 6.D联系语境可知，此处指“我”女儿回答了邻居的问题，得 :7.B段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要讲述了谏慨 到了意科之中的回应。 有益于健康 7.B由下文中的“Well,if my opera career doesn't 9 8.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Tobler认为人们在 well,I'll do something else”并结合选项可推知，女儿在听 生活中应该尝试给予，并让它成为一种习惯。 邻居的回应时很礼貌。故选B。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者小时候看到妈 8.B由空后的“financial ruin”可知，空处与其并列，所以 妈缝制被子时，有一根线伸出来了，作者想去拉那根线，被妈 failure符合语境，故选B. 妈呵斥。妈妈告诉作者，如果把那根线拔出来，可能会把整 ⑨.D联系语境可知，女儿的意思是如果地的歌刷事业发展 个被子都扯破，毁了几个小时的工作。作者由这件事联想到 得不顺利，她会转行，故D项符合文意。work out“成功地 我们的生活。你可能只是一根线，但你的爱和你的生活帮助 发展” 把整个事情维系在一起。 10.D联系语境可知，下文中的“she”指代上文中提到的 1.A句意：我还记得，当我还是个小男孩的时候，我坐在椅 “My daughter'”,故此处指“我”为“我”的女儿骄做 子上·看着妈妈然覽苦心地缝制一床自制的大被子。根据 ll.C由上文中的“if my opera career doesn't9 well, 后文“I looked over at one edge of the quilt being sewed" Ill do something else'”可知，此处指改变主意，故C选项 可知，此处指妈妈在缝制被子。sew缝制：iron熨烫；fold 符合文意。下文中的“altered”也是提示. 折叠，neasure测量。 2 2.C句意：我看了看正在缝的被子的一边，看到有一根线仲：2.C 推理判断题。报据文章第二段中的“NowI'm 出来。根据后文"That piece of thread in and out," scheduling rest time in the midst of everything" 可知，被子一边有一根线伸出来了。wind up上发条，停 "Breathing space has to become part of my daily routine." 止；lay aside搁置，放一边；stick out伸出：wrap up包裹： 可推知，作者认为完成一项任务再进行下一项任务前可以 3.B句意：我想都没想就仲手去拉。由下文“If I had pulled 休息。故选C。 it out,”可知，因为被子的线头出来了，所以作者伸手去拉 3.A 代词指代题。根据文章第二段中的“Now I'm 线头。curl卷曲：pull拉：tie系：break打破。 scheduling rest time in the midst of everything”及it所在 4.C句意：看到我脸上惊恐的表情，她微笑着，温柔地告诉 句可推知，此处【泛指各种各样的事情。故选A。 我地为什么大声喊叫。根据前文“No!'yelled my mum.I:4 4.B主旨大意题。根据文章尾段中的“I'm refilling my tank jumped back.That was the first time I can ever remember so that by fall.when the new season begins.I'll be fired her yelling at me.”可知，因为这是妈妈第一次对作者大声 up and ready for whatever is to come,fully restored." 喊叫，所以作者感到惊恐。depressed沮丧的：disappointed 章的其他内容可知，本文主要是通过作者的亲身经历总结 失望的：terrified惊惑的：annoyed生气的. 得出结论：一些休整时间可以帮助人做好准备，走得更远。 5.A句意：根据前文“she smiled”可知，妈妈温柔地向作者 故选B。 解释自己喊叫的原因。gently温柔地：reluctantly不情愿 B [语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。生活中，决定成败的 地：roughly粗略地，大致地：eagerly渴望地 主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免 6.A句意：那根线在被子里进进出出，从被子的一头穿到 逆境，但是我们可以选择面对它的态度。 另一头。根据前文描述可知，因为作者的妈妈在缝制被 5.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We cannot achieve 子，所以此处指线在被子中被缝进缝出。weave(用手或 anything with an easy life.”可知，一个想要成功的人不能 机器)编，织；follow跟随：run奔跑；circle图出。 期望过轻松的生活，选项C特合题意。故选C 7.B句意：如果我把它拔出来，我可能会把整个被子都扯 6,D推理判断题。根据第五段所引用的Douglas Bader的 破，毁了几个小时的工作。根据前文“I might have torn 话“Don't listen to anyone..or impossible..”可知Douglas the entire quilt'”可知，因为可能把被子扯破，所以这样会毁 Bader阐明了自己的观，点，即“不要听任何人说你不能做这 掉几个小时的工作 个或那个，下定决心，去任何你想去的地方，但绝对不要让 8.D句意：今天，当我回顾那一刻，我认识到我们每个人的 人使你相信事情太困难或者是不可能的”，这与D项 生活就像那根线。由后文描述可知，此处表示作者回忆过 “Nothing is difficult to the man who will try..(世上无难 去的那一刻。 事，只要肯登攀，)”意境吻合，故选D。A:失败是成功之 9.B根据后文“We are all just a string in the 母：B:拙匠常怒工具差：C:不入虎穴，焉得虎子 tapestry of life.”可知，此处指妈妈缝被子的线. 7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless,there 10.D句意：我们都只是生命挂毯上的一根知绳。根据后文 is still the problem of how you change your attitude "You may be a single piece of thread”可知，指的是 towards adversity.(然而，你如何改变自己对逆境的态度 一根细绳。 仍然是个问题。)”可知，作者接下来会谈论“如何改变你对 11.C句意：我们不能总是看到我们要去哪里，或者我们与 : 困难的态度”。故选C。 什么联系在一起。根据后文“IDon't feel lost in the 8.C主旨大意题。本文介绍了名人对待逆境的态度，围绕 tapestry of life then.”可知，空处需用动词see,表示我们 “面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度”这一话题展开论述，所以 不能总是看到我们要去娜里。 C项“Face difficulties with a smile(笑对逆境)”适合作为本 12.B句意：如果我们把自己拉出来，就会在上面留下一个 文标题。 洞。前文描述说我们都只是生命挂毯上的一根细绳，再 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。文章论述了在生活中， 根据前文“If we pull ourselves out of it”可知，如果我们 人们应该以积极的心态面对失望，把失望当作成长的机会， 从挂毯上把自己拉出来，上面会留下一个洞 而不是选择沮丧和逃避。 13.D句意：欣然接受你在挂毯中的位置。根据后文“You 1.E设空处与上下文构成的逻排顺序为：没有人的一生不 may be a single piece of thread”可知，此处表示 经历许多失望1 →他们倾向于以消极的方式回应 要接受自己在挂毯中的位置 分析选项可知，E项“然而，奇怪的是，大多数人似乎都对 14.A句意：你可能只是一根线，但你的爱和你的生活把整 个事情维系在一起。突出强调你可能只是挂毯上的 : 失望毫无准备。”与上文形成转折，同时引出下文对“他们” 的介绍，承上启下，符合语境。E项中的“though”表明上 根线 下文构成转折关系，E项中的“seem unprepared”与下文中 l5.D根据后文“the whole thing together..”可知，你的爱和 的“in negative ways"照应。故选E。 你的生活把整个事情雏系在一起 2.C设空处与上下文构成的逻辑顺序为：海伦想要救得晋 作业（五）SectionⅡUsing language 升，地在她的部门努力工作了一年多，期望得到一个好结 果·2·海伦情绪低落，失去了对工作的热爱。分析 「层级1基础知识自测门 选项可知，C项“然而，老板任命海伦的一个同事担任这 I.1.was painted 2.is designed 3.will be repaid 4.be 职位。”与上文形成转折，表明海伦并没有得到想要的结 imagined 5.resulting 6.was given 7.had been conducted 果，同时引出下文知道结果后海伦的表现，与下文构成因 8.to/with 9.would be finished 10.remains 果关系，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。C项中的 II.1.is difficult to predict 2.was invited to perform “However'”表明上下文构成转折关系。 3.had been translated into English 4.want/require,need 3.D设空处位于段首，根据上一段主旨句“One negative watering/to be watered 5.will be given r心action to disappointments is depression.”及设空处位置 ll.1.is considered 2.was sent 3.was published 4.have 推测其是本段主旨句。本段讲述了贾马尔没有考上理想 been translated 5.have been recognized 6.will 的大学就选择了逃避，放弃了学业，一天到晚吃喝玩乐的 be remembered 故事，分析选项可知D项“另一个对待失望的消极反应是 [层级2素养能力提升] 想要递避。”与本段主要内容一致，且与上一段主旨句句式 I,A一[语篇解读]本文是夹叙夹议文，作者在训练举 统一，适合作为本段主旨句。D项中的“Another negative 重的过程中发现，通过调整日程安排可以达到更好的训练效 reaction to disappointments”与上一段主旨句中的“One 果。由此作者联想到这也同样适用于人的思维和精神层面， negative reaction to disappointments”照应；D项中的关键 适度的休息与调整可以产生更好的效果。 词“escape'"与下文中的“escape”属于原词复现。故选D, 1.D推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的主题是适度调整 4.F 根据下文中的“perhaps she could move to another 与休息能都助人走得更远。根据文章第一段的内容可知， department.Or she could ask the boss how to improve her 作者提及自己训练举重的过程与经历，在尝试了多种训练 performance'”可知，F项“海伦本可以通过看看其他的选择 日程安排后发现，每日训练的训练方式效果最差：而给自 来处理她的失望。”符合语境，下文是对F项提到的“其他 己休息时间的训练方式更加有效，从而引出本文的主题。 选择”的具体介绍。“other choices”"是关键词，与下文构成 故选D。 总分关系。故选F。 13