Unit 4 作业(十一) Section Ⅱ Using language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

k 8.A推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the real workplace, into play”可知，随着电子交易的发展，数据安全问题开始 body language is much more important than you think" 出现，所以电子交易会对数据安全构成成胁。故选C 最后一段的“Body language plays a crucial role in your job 4.C 推理判断题。文章最后一段中，Arvidsson将科技与修 interviews,careers,and everyday life,"可知，文章探讨的 路进行类比，以此来说明科技的重要性。故选C 是身体语言在职场中的重要注，且部分语句直接以第二人 B一[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述 称与读者交流，给出一些建议，因此推断文草的意向读者 自己的经历来说明新产品会浪费资源，而旧货店的商品质量 是职场新人。故选A。 很好而且有助于节约资源、保护环境，并希望说服更多的人 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]文章主要讲了Donut City的店主Stella生 去旧货店购物。 病了，她丈夫John Chhan每天卖完甜甜国就去疗养院看她， 5.B词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“They may pity me, 为此他们的顾客每天很早就来排队买甜甜留，希望John or consider me poor,a failure..”可知，此处是指如果“我” Chhan能早点收工去陪伴Stella。 说“我”在旧货商店买东西，很多人会雕不起“我”。所以 l.B根据下文的“the taste'”可知，这些甜甜圈是美味的。故 despise意为“瞧不起”。故选B. 选B。 6.A推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Buying a house 2.A根据上文的“customers have been queuing at Donut and having enough money to live comfortably,to educate City”可知，此处指的是顾客排队买。wait in line表示“兼 your children and see them also live comfortably.are a big 队”。故选A part of the immigrant dream,”可知，塞浦路斯希腊族社区 3.D几周前顾客发现有，点不对劲。common普通的： 的人们想追求高标准的物质生活。故选A interesting有趣的：awkward笨拙的；wrong错误的。故 7.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But after watching the D。 documentary The True Cost I learned donated clothes that 4.C根据语境可知此处指的是Donut City的拥有者是 don't get sold are sent to developing nations,many of them Stella和John Chhan这对夫妇。owner拥有者，主人。故 ending up in landfills(拉圾填理地).”和第四段最后两句 选C 可知，新产品浪费资源，旧货店商品质量好，改支了作者对 5.B这对夫妇一直站在柜台后卖着甜甜圈。故选B. 去旧货店的想法。故选D。 6.C John Chhan告诉顾客Stella病了，然后在疗养院恢复。 8.B写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者写这篇文 故选C。 章的主要目的是说服更多的人去旧货店购物。故选B。 7.B一旦所有的甜甜周卖出去后，他就去看望他的妻子。 川，[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给自主创业 故选B。 的人们提出了一些建议 8.D此处指Dawn Caviola是Donut City的一个粉丝。故：1.C 根据本文标题及下丈的几个小标题并结合空前内容可 选D。 知，本文讲的是创业的建议。分析选项可知C项（下面的 9.A如果每天早上有足够的人买他的甜甜圆，John Chhan : 这些建议也许能帮助你创业。)总括文章第一段的内容并 就能早点收店去陪伴他的妻子。故选A 引起下文中的建议，起承上启下的作用。故选C。 10.C此处指Caviola把他的想法发布在邻里的信息栏。 2.G根据小标题“做一份企划书。”及本段内容可知本段讲 故选C。 的是创业的第一个建议：做企划书。G项（如果你不拿出 11.A他们天没亮就开始出现了，去买甜甜围。turn up出 一份详细的企划书，银行是不会考虑货款给你的。)介绍了 现：put up张贴，搭建：take up开始从事：make up弥补。 企划书的重要性，与本段内容一致，说明了必须做企划书 故选A。 的原图，且G项中的“a detailed business plan”是对本段小 l2.B Jenee Rogers在过去的20年都是这家店的常客。故 : 标题中的“a business plan”和本段中的“a realistic business 选B。 plan”的复现。下一段第一句中的“Once you have 13.C地看到了当地人帮助Chhans这家人所微出的努力。 detailed business plan”也给出了提示。故选G 故选C 3.A根据本段中的“go and see the bank manager'”“shop 14.A此处指建立一个叫GoFundMe的主页筹钱帮助 around to find which bank offers the best deal”和“Make Chhans这家人。故远A sure what you're getting is right for you and your business." 15.D根据but可知此处指但是他们拒绝了。故选D。 知本段讲的是“找银行货款”，结合选项可知A项（获得资金。】 作业（十一）SectionⅡUsing language 符合本段主旨，能概括本段内容。故选A。 [层级1基础知识自测 4.E 根据本段内容可知本段提的建议是要熟悉相关法律 I.1.in 2.to 3.as 4.why 5.when 6.which 结合下文“can be understanding all the legislation”及达项 7.whose 8.where 9.who that 10.that 可知E项（要确保你是依法正确经营你的公司的。）符合文 II.1.This is the best way that 2.which made his parents 意。故选E。 : very happy 3.most of whom like English 4.that Chinese 5.F 根据本段小标题“Get yourself noticed.”及本段内容可 知，本段提的建议是要把自己的公司宣传出去，让消费者 people are proud of 5.whom/who you trust and listen lll.1.which 2.which 3.who/that 4.when 5.which: 知道你的企业的存在。空后举了一个具体事例来说明如 何把自己的公司宣传出去，F项（选择如何打广告取决于 that 6.where 7.whose 8.that 9.where 10.why [层级2素养能力提升 企业的美型。)与空后内容街接紧密，且F项中的“how to 【,A一[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章通过73岁 advertise'”与本段小标题“Get yourself noticed."对应，故 选F」 的老人Maiilis Jonsson的亲身经历和专家Niklas Arvidsson 的解释阐明了电子支付的优缺点 Ⅲ.[语篇解读】本文是一葛说明文。文章介绍了近些年较 常见的“缩水式通货膨胀”这一经济现象，这是很多生产商和 1.A细节理解题.根据文章第二段中的“Cash is now used : 制造商在面临成本上升时利用的“减量不加价”的隐性加价 in less than one in five of all cash transactions(交易）in 手段，希望消费0者继续购买他们的产品。 stores""The law says shops can refuse to accept cash.Life 1.maintaining句意：这是指公司在保持价格的同时，减少 can be hard for those unwilling or unable to adapt to the 其产品大小或服务范图。设空处作时间状语，应用动词的 changes.Not everyone hates cash.Maijlis Jonsson is one 非谓语形式，maintain的逻辑主语是companies,二者之间 such person..”和“I just don't know how to do it.."可知，地 是逻鲜上的主谓关系，故此处应填现在分调。 不会使用非现金支付方式，但现在处处都不用现金，她对 2.production句意：这是为了应对生产过程中所需原材料 不得不用非现金支付方式感到烦恼。故选A。 的价格上涨。in the process of...为圈定搭配，意为 2.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“it is a little bit “在…的过程中”，of为介词，后面接名词。production more difficult in general for the people to get away with 意为“生产”时为不可数名词，故填production. not paying taxes or making small thefts without cash" 知，电子支付让逃避纳税，小额偷窃等一些违法行为变得 :3.to place句意：公司速择的另一种方式是把较小的物品放 在较大的盒子里，让购物者认为他们用所花的钱得到了更 因难。故选A。 3.C细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“with an increase 多的东西。本句话为“主系表”结构，设空处对主语进行解 释说明，应用动词不定式作表语。故填to place。. in digital transactions,the question of date security comes 18 @) 4.consumers 句意：事实上，相较于数量或质量，消费者对：8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As this number 价格更敏感。设空处作主语，表示“消货者”，根据become grows.we have to see how society and companies adapt to 可知，主语应为复数形式。故填consumers。 this new world of work!”可推知，随着“零工经济”公司的 5.the句意：只要价格没有上涨，即使产品的量已经变少 兴起，人们应该适应新的工作趋势。故选D。 了，大多数购物者还是会定期购买。设空处特指前文提到 Ⅱ，「语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了陈金英女士 的购物者会定期胸买的东西的价格，故用定冠词the。 的创业故事。在她的事业低谷期，很多人嫌概帮助了她，现 6.has chosen句惑：到目前为止，巧克力制造商吉百利已经 在她想把人们对她的这份善心传递下去 决定将其中一款产品的尺寸缩小10%。设空处为句子的 1.A句意：陈金英以前是个医生，地发现老年人羽绒服市 谓语动词，根据时间状语Soar可知，此处应用现在完成 场前景很好，所以地在20世纪90年代初退休后成立了自 时。主语the chocolate maker为单数，谓语动词用第三人 己的公司。根据后文“so after she retired in the early 称单数形式。故填has chosen。 1990s,she2 her own company'”可知，地退休后建立了 7.slightly句意：一位公司发言人表示：“我们希望在这种困 公司，说明此处指她看到老年人的羽绒服市场是有前途 雄的环境下承担得住成本，因此我们不得不作出决定，自 的。故选A。 2012年以来首次略微减轻巧克力棒的重量，以便让它们在 2.C句意同上。根据后文“Her business went well”可知， 激烈的竞争中挺下来，”设空处修饰动词reduce,应用副 此处指地退休后成立了她自己的公司。故选C。take up 诃。故填slightly. 开始从事：put up张贴：set up成立；pick up学会。 8.competition句意见上一題解析，设空处前有定冠词和 : 3.B句意：最初几年，碳金英的生意很好，她也积极参与公 形容词修饰，且在句中作介词后的宾语，应用名词，此处表 益事业，为老年人捐款57万元。根据“Her business went 示“竞争”，competition意为“竞争”时为不可数名词，故填 well,.and Chen was also3 in publie welfare"及后文 competition, 4570,000 yuan for elderly people”可知，此处指当时 9.that句意：希尔顿连锁酒店规定，客人现在必须要求提供 她的生意很好，她在公益事业方面也很积极。故选B。 日常客房服务。本句中，1为形式宾语，而真正的宾语为 4.D句意同上。根据语境及“4 570.000 yuan for 设空处引导的从句：宾语从句意思完整，不缺成分，所以用 elderly people”可知，此处指她给老年人捐了57万元。故 that引式导孩从句 选D。 10.o句意：我们认为应该免货的许多其他服务也在减少。 5.A句意：但在2011年，公司遇到了销信不佳的情况。结 on the decrease为固定搭配，意为“在减少”。放填on。 合空前的“the company”和空后的“poor sales'”可知，此处 作业（十二） Section I Developing ideas 指公司遇到了销售不佳的情形，故选A 6.D Presenting ideas 句意：她被迫卖掉了她的工厂。根据前文“th 「层级1基础知识自测 company encountered poor sales'”可知，面对销售不佳的情 形，她被迫卖了工厂。故选D I.1.hired 2.purse 3.theft 4.thereby 5.abusing 7.B句意：2012年，陈租了一家工厂生产羽绒服，希望销售 6.frustration 量会好转。根据后文”would turn better”可知，此处指她 II.1.at 2.expenses 3.on 4.beneficial 5.sorrowful 希望销售量能好转，故选B。 6.out 7.a 8.frustration 9.at 10.response 8.A句意：但库存积压，地甚至没钱支付工人工资，所以地 III.1.Whether you agree or not 2.As is often the case 在2ol6年停止了生产。根据前文“the stock piled up and 3.There is no need to worry about the exam. she even had no money to pay her workers'”可知，此处指因 IV.I.has expanded 2.a 3.competitive 4.delivered 为库存积压，她甚至没钱支付工人工资，所以地停止了生 5.sharing 6.its 7.regulations 8.to 9.what 产。故选A 10.increasingly 9.C句意：一些人建议她中请破产来避免负债，但她拒绝了这 层级2素养能力提升 样做。根据前文“Some people suggested she”和后文 【,A一[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。女孩爱丽丝·穆 “bankruptcy(破产)to avoid going into debt”可知，此处指有人 尔在2015年创办了自己的糖果公司，生产对儿童牙齿有保 建议地中请破严来避免负货。故选C。argue for为…辩护： 护作用的糖果。她不仅有经商才能，而且向Big Smiles组织 look for寻找：apply for中请；fight for为…战斗。 捐了款，地愿意给他人带来微笑。 l0.B句意同上。根据后文“I will try my best to pay off the 1.B推理判断题。根据第二段可知她询问父亲是否可以开 : debt”可知，此处指她拒绝了那些人的建议。故选B。 办一家自己的糖果公司，可知地在想办法解决，故选B. 11,C此处表示“我会尽最大努力还清债务，否则我不会安 2.A细节理解题。根据第三段未句“Consequently,she 心”。根据前文“I will try my best to pay off the debt”"和 succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural 后文“Iwon't feel at ease”可知，设空处表示“否则”，故 sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria..”可知她成功地用天 选C。 然都味剂制作了一种糖果，可以减少口腔细首。故选A 12.A句意：陈的故事获得了媒体的关注。根据后文 3.B细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Moore wants to “People were moved”可知，此处指地的故事获得了媒体 use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. 的关注。故选A,attention注意：resistance抵抗，反抗： 她想要帮助别人撒笑，故选B。 attraction吸引力；criticism就评，就判，指责。 4.C推理判断题。本文叙述了女孩爱丽丝·穆尔在逼到问 l3.D句意：人们被感动了，来帮助她。根据后文“People 题的时候，积极地思考并寻找解决办法，付诸行动，最后成 cared for me”可知，此处指人们来帮助她。故选D。 功，故选C。 14,B此处表示“我必须保持身体健康，这样我才有能力偿 B一[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新 还贷款”。根据后文“to pay back the loans'”可知，此处指 的职业经济模式一零工经济，即人人都可以成为自己的 保持健康从而有能力偿还贷款。故选B。 老板 15.A此处表示“人们关心我，我想把那种关心传递下去” 5.C细节理解题。极据第一段中的“While the company is 根据前文“People cared for me”并结合选项可知，此处指 not making profits yet,it is changing the meaning of 地想把那种关心传递下去。故选A。pass on传递；give work”可知，Ly正在改变工作的意义，故选C。 away赠送；pass up放弃：give up投降。 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For some,it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for full-time Unit 5 Into the unknown jobs.it provides a source of income to support themselves" 可知，需要弹性工作时间的人最有可能成为gig workers 作业（十三）Section I Starting out& 故选C Understanding ideas 7.A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“and live on bread 「层级1基础知识自测 pieces for the rest of the month!"可推测，splurge意为"乱 I.1.burying 2.ruins 3.expansion 4.expansion 花钱”，在之后的日子里只能靠面包片生活。故选A。 5.dismiss 6.civilisation 7.Canal 8.downfall 19作业（十一） Section II Using language 层级①基础知识自测 : Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 I.单句语法填空 This weekend,I plan to show my penfriend around my town.At the beginning of the tour,we 1.If a person is heavily debt,he is unable will start with the most important place in my to earn his living,let alone gain independence. town,1. is the Plaza Leon.The Plaza 2.It was your efforts and determination that put an Leon,2. is more than 100 years old,is a end the natural disaster. gathering place for young people 3. have 3.I have never performed such a task you've asked me to do. a passion for outdoor activities,and for parents and children at the weekend 4. they have 4.The reason he was happy was that he had been praised by the teacher. more free time.Four streets lead to the Plaza Leon 5.Mr.Smith owned this oil painting until the early 5. has white sidewalks and a tree line. 1990s, Hernandes Street is named after a famous writer he gave it to his grandson. 6.Nowadays,it is common to see people staring at born in the city,and all of the food stores,fish their mobile phones instead of reading a real markets and vegetable stands are there.Fernando book.about Street,6. many experts are all of the government offices worried. are located,was named after an educator.Via del 7.She showed the visitors around the museum, Mar Street 7. roads are made of stones is construction had taken more than the only street 8. still has its old surface three years. (表面).Finally,we will come to Horatio Street, 8.But what if we're actually getting closer to a 9. there are two universities.One of them world AI is capable of thinking and is the most famous university in my country. feeling? That's the reason 10. it is my favorite 9.Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute street of all. of Technology in Atlanta,is one of a small but 层级②素养能力提升 growing minority of academics are cutting back on their air travel because of I.阅读理解 climate change. A 10.Please tell me anything you know Maijlis Jonsson is a 73-year-old living in the about the author of the book. ! centre of Sweden's capital Stockholm.She leads an Ⅱ.语法与写作 active life with her friends,travelling around the 1.这是已经用过的对抗污染的最好办法。 city and meeting in coffee shops.However,one issue causes her stress. has been used against pollution. Sweden has been steadily moving towards a 2.汤姆进步很大，这使他的父母很高兴。 completely cashless society for a number of years. Tom had made great progress, Cash is now used in less than one in five of all cash 3.我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语 transactions(交易)in stores-一half the number five There are 40 students in our class, years ago.The law says shops can refuse to accept 4.长城是中国人为之骄傲的最伟大的建筑之一。 cash.Life can be hard for those unwilling or unable The Great Wall is one of the greatest buildings to adapt to the changes.Not everyone hates cash. Maijlis Jonsson is one such person.She must go to 5.你也可以和你信任的人分享你不开心的事情，听 a bank in order to pay her friend back for a train 听他们的建议。 ticket bought digitally."I just don't know how to You can also share your unhappy things with doit.” somebody Niklas Arvidsson,Sweden's leading expert on to their suggestions. the payment system,acknowledges that some 31 。英语·选择性必修第四册（配WY版） people are in danger of being left behind,like the B elderly."We've also got a problem with smaller When my friend suggested going to the thrift businesses in rural areas where perhaps the shop,instantly I thought "I hope no one I know telecommunication systems are not working,"he sees me".It was the same when my cousin says. commented on my new furniture and Japanese fine- Is Sweden benefiting from all this?According bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. to Arvidsson,it is."Electronic transactions are They were from the local thrift shop but instead I quicker and cost less in general and make the said“from the antique shop'”. payment system more efficient."He also points Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community out that "it is a little bit more difficult in general would despise me if I said I shopped at the thrift for the people to get away with not paying taxes or shop.They may pity me,or consider me poor,a making small thefts without cash". failure.Immigrants sacrificed their families and Of course,with an increase in digital: homes for a better life.Buying a house and having transactions,the question of data security comes enough money to live comfortably,to educate your into play.As we do free fall through an children and see them also live comfortably,are a increasingly virtual world-and payments over the big part of the immigrant dream.But has this cloud instead of payments with paper-who has dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own access to our information?It is a global problem planet? with no easy solution. Our love for purchasing the latest trendy But Arvidsson remains largely positive about clothes or furniture,then donating them when we cashless transactions."It feels like a virtual infrastrueture is being built.if a highway or a are tired of them has become normal.I was once like this.But after watching the documentary The railroad has the capacity to bring people in business True Cost I learned donated clothes that don't get closer and increase output,the same thing will sold are sent to developing nations,many of them happen with technology.I really do believe that ending up in landfills(垃圾填埋地).In addition, once the technology genie is out of the bottle,how do you put it back?” your new dress requires electricity and materials to 1.What upsets Maijlis Jonsson? make.But if you buy a second-hand dress,that's A.She has to pay without cash. one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress B.She owes her friend some money. to be made. C.She has to draw money from the bank. A friend introduced me to the thrift shop only D.She knows little about the mobile phone. a few years ago.My first item was a dress she 2.What's mentioned by Arvidsson as an advantage : gifted me.It was lovely and I loved it.Nobody of digital transactions? could tell it was second-hand.This opened me up A.They help reduce some illegal acts. to purchasing more second-hand high quality B.They make paying taxes convenient. branded clothes.Once I dropped in on a friend and C.They improve telecommunication systems. was impressed by how she decorated her D.They save the cost of printing paper money. apartment."It's all second-hand,"she said.I 3.According to the text,what problem will digital couldn't believe it.The truth is a lot of things sold transactions bring about? at the thrift shop are in new or almost new A.They will charge extra fees. condition.That's when I made the decision to only B.They will stimulate overspending. buy second-hand things. C.They will pose a threat to data security. Selling second-hand things isn't anything new D.They will destroy the computer system. but what the planet needs is more buyers.There is 4.How does Arvidsson show the importance of so much excess production in the world.So stop technology? feeling ashamed,and let's get shopping. A.By using study results. 5.What does the underlined word "despise"mean B.By providing examples. in paragraph 2? C.By making an analogy(类比). A.Think highly of. B.Look down upon. D.By quoting a famous saying. : C.Get away from. D.Keep up with. 32 6.Which following statement is TRUE about legislation.That can be about tax,employment, people in Greek-Cypriot community? trade,health and safety or the environment.It can A.They want to pursue a high standard of be confusing if you have never run your own material life. business. B.They all prefer wearing the latest fancy Get yourself noticed. clothing. In order to make your business a success,you C.They think highly of children's education. must ensure that consumers know it exists.5 D.They get along well with their neighbors. For example,if you are running a local plumbing 7.What changed the author's mind to go to the company,then delivering leaflets in your area thrift shop? would be the best option. A.The great variety of the goods in the thrift A.Get access to finance. shop. B.Be sure to attract much attention. B.The low cost of the goods in the thrift shop. C.The tips below may help you start a business. C.The persuasion of the author's friends. D.So it is really important to make a business D.The wasted resources of new products and plan. good quality of the thrift shop. E.Make sure you are running your business 8.What's the author's main purpose in writing the correctly by the law. text? F.Choosing how to advertise depends on the type A.To introduce a new trend of buying at the of the business. thrift shop. G.A bank would not consider lending money B.To persuade more people to buy at the thrift unless you show a detailed business plan. shop. Ⅲ.语法填空 C.To encourage more people to pursue the latest A new phenomenon is taking hold fashion. worldwide-“shrinkflation”,This is when D.To raise people's awareness of reasonable companies reduce the size of their products or shopping. range of services while 1. (maintain)prices. Ⅱ.七选五 It is in reaction to the rising prices of raw materials How to Start a Business needed in the process of 2. produce ) The unemployment rate is so high in the Another way companies choose is 3. present society that many young people are (place)smaller items in larger boxes,making thinking about starting their own business. shoppers think they're getting more for their However,setting up on your own will by no money.In fact,4. consumer)become means be easy.1 more sensitive to price than quantity or quality. Make a business plan. ! Most shoppers will make a regular purchase,even If you decide to start a business,the first if it has shrunk(减少)as long as5. price thing you must do is draw up a realistic business has not risen. plan-this is a working document that describes So far,the chocolate maker Cadbury 6. the business,its objectives,its financial forecasts (choose)to shrink the size of one of its products and so on.2 by 10%.A company spokesperson said:"We expect 3 to absorb costs in this difficult environment so we Once you have a detailed business plan and have had to make a decision to 7. (slight) enough evidence to make people believe that your reduce the weight of chocolate bars for the first idea is rational,it is time to go and see the bank time since 2012,so that we can keep them manager.It is important to shop around to find surviving in the fierce 8. _(compete)”.The which bank offers the best deal and who you feel service industry is also trying to keep from raising most comfortable with.Make sure what you're prices.The hotel chains Hilton have made it a rule getting is right for you and your business. 9. guests must now request daily Develop a survival strategy. housekeeping services.Many other free services we 4 One of the biggest obstacles to people have taken for granted are also 10. the starting a business can be understanding all the decrease. 33