Unit 5 作业(十五) SectionⅢ Developing ideas&Presenting ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

作业（十五） Section I Developing ideas Presenting ideas 层级①基础知识自测 9.All the trials you go will increase your independence,teach you a lesson and give I.单词拼写 you a wonderful experience of managing in 1.Nick (获得)his ambition to difficult situations. become a professional translator last year. 10.She strongly objected to her daughter's marriage. 2.These plants have a tendency to grow in the Surprisingly,her daughter's more (乡村的)areas. (react)to it was rather calm. 3.When she was sent to boarding school,she felt Ⅲ.完成句子 as though her parents had (冷落) 1.老实说，在公众面前承认错误需要很大的勇气。 her. (take) 4.We must (评估)the consequences To be honest, caused by the big fire. in front of the public. 5.In Japan,the more respect you want to show, 2.通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去 the deeper you should (鞠躬) 实现自己的梦想。(as引导非限制性定语从句) 6.The law obliges companies to pay a man who can dream (可接受的)wages to their employees. will try hard to overcome any difficulties to 7.The president stated that all foreign forces realize his dream. would (撤离)as soon as the crisis 3.教室里的每个人都在愉快地聊天，而简却一个人 ended. 坐在那里不知所措。(while) 8.Last week,we saw a documentary about two Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily (驯养的)animals. at a loss. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 V,课文语法填空 1.Though he failed in all his attempts,he refused Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau to resign himself his fate. were 1. (influence)poets of their 2.He was in no mood for talking to anyone and time.Both of them shared an intense respect looked for a chance (withdraw) 2. nature.They were happy to from the party. withdraw from their contemporary life,3. 3.The way the guests were treated in the hotel seek)a harmonious relationship with influenced their (evaluate)of the nature in the 4. (quiet)of their lives. service. As 5. official in the Eastern Jin 4.The (reject)of such initiatives : Dynasty,Tao Yuanming,feeling conflicted over doesn't mean that voters are unconcerned about life at court,quit the court service and spent 22 the environment. years working the land in a poor,rural area. 5.I helped their son with his lessons in return 6. his life was arduous,he the free accommodations offered by succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity the kind couple. and in drawing pleasure from nature.The calm and 6.From his look,I knew peaceful life he 7. (write)about is in that Huck must be going through contrast to the depressive court life. affairs.(depress) Thoreau,wishing to live in a simpler way, 7.Try to accept yourself as you are,and try to put lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of the other ease and you'll both feel Walden Pond,focusing on 8. (he) more comfortable. and his writing.His works aimed 9. 8.While his approach was a complete (convince)people that plants and animals had a (depart)from established practices,the result right to live and prosper,as we do.We should live was satisfactory. with them in harmony. 43 O英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） In my opinion,the two men's ideas about 1.What is it that shocked the researchers? living 10. (simple)and being at ease : A.Bees can understand zero with tiny brains. with nature may take us a step closer to attaining B.Many animals also understand the idea of personal well-being and fulfilment. zero. C.Humans can't understand zero before preschool. 层级②素养能力提升 D.Humans are the only species to know about I.阅读理解 “nothing'”. 2.What can the bees do without further training? A A.Fly more often to the card with more symbols Dolphins,African gray parrots and some on it. other animals also understand the idea of "zero", B.Fly more often to the card with fewer symbols but researchers were surprised to find that on it. honeybees also comprehend this concept, C.Fly more often to the card without any considering the insects'tiny brains,according to a symbol on it. new study.Honeybees have fewer than 1 million D.Fly more often to the card with tiny symbols neurons(神经元)，compared with the86 billion on it. neurons in humans-and yet,they grasp a 3.Which of the following cards makes bees fly concept that humans,by some measures,don't more often to an empty card? start to understand before preschool. A.With 2 symbols.B.With 4 symbols. The researchers set up two cards,each of C.With 6 symbols.D.With 8 symbols. which had a set of symbols on them,like triangles 4.What can AI learn from these findings? or circles.Then,they trained a group of bees to fly A.To explain how the brain works. to the card with the lower number of symbols.The B.To understand abstract concepts. bees quickly learned what the humans wanted them C.To gain new skills with simpler ways. to do to get their delicious,sweet rewards.The D.To express complex emotions with simple words. trained bees were then shown a card that was empty and one that had symbols on it.There was The moment I see a beautiful cloud while no need for the bees to be trained to fly more often driving,taking in the colorful light during a to the empty card-thus showing that they sunset,or watching birds flying south,I begin to understood that "zero"was a number less than the think what we are supposed to learn from nature others. and animals.Nature does not hurry,yet everything Although they flew more often to an empty is accomplished.As seasons change,we are guided card than to the one that had one symbol on it,it to learn acceptance and non-resistance.A green leaf became easier for them to distinguish when the doesn't resist turning red when autumn approaches. symbols on the card increased in number.For Trees don't resist leaves falling when winter arrives. They stand deeply rooted in the ground,with their example,they more often flew to the empty card vulnerability out in the open and branches spread when the other card had four symbols than when it wide,giving up to the universe.Do what you will had one. with me;I trust it is for my highest good. Perhaps these findings will explain the brain Who said that the bamboo is more beautiful mechanism(运行机制)behind what allows us to than the maple tree and the maple tree is more understand the concept of "nothing",Adrian Dyer, valuable than the bamboo?Does the bamboo feel a researcher said.This understanding,in turn, jealous of the maple tree because it is bigger and its could help in the development of artificial leaves change color?The idea of trees comparing intelligence (AI )that also understands this themselves to others is ridiculous,as should concept."If bees can understand zero with a brain humans comparing themselves to one another.We of less than a million neurons,it suggests there are must compare our growth to who we were simple,efficient ways to teach AI new tricks, yesterday not to the growth of another.Everyone is Dyer said in the statement. incomparably unique. 44 The communities of bees and ants all Although I had been trying to plant all the participate together to benefit all those in their right plants to 8 them,it took a hurricane for communities.We each have our own calling that is me to 9 attract them to my yard and to really best performed by us.Each part is necessary for a observe them closely. functioning family,community,nation and world. Almost every day since the hurricanes,I have Embrace your special responsibility,share it proudly with the world,and always do your best. had the 10 of observing the visiting hummingbirds. Birds flying through the sky represent the With a feeder right outside my office window,I get limitless freedom and potential available to us if we a daily bird's eye 11. release our fears.Taking off to fly for the first time The hurricane season of 2004 affected me in a can be scary and bring about feelings of fear. very 12 way.Every time I see the hummingbirds, Without taking the risk of the first flight,we I am 13 of many blessings that nature holds won't find the internal freedom we desire.We must for us:messages of beauty,strength,and dare to take our feet off the ground,spread our determination.But perhaps the greatest 14 is wings and fly. that wonders are out there waiting to pay us a 5.What does the underlined word "vulnerability" visit.We just need to keep 15 seeds of beauty in Paragraph 1 mean? : and faith,and we need to keep an eye out for the A.Weakness. B.Possibility. wonders！ C.Disability. D.Resistance. 1.A.watched B.imagined 6.What does the example of the bamboo and the maple tree indicate? C.recalled D.thought A.We humans should learn from one another. 2.A.Generally B.Gradually B.There is no sense in comparing different plants. C.Normally D.Suddenly C.Everyone has his own quality and strengths. 3.A.spotted B.recognised D.Each part is necessary for a functioning world. C.painted D.described 7.What can we learn from bees and ants? 4.A.dropped B.appeared A.Independence. B.Unity. C.remained D.exposed C.Pride. D.Diligence. 5.A.heard B.drawn 8.Which is the main idea of this text? C.seen D.caught A.Acceptance and non-resistance are the law of 6.A.colour B.name nature. B.The bamboo is more beautiful than the maple C.shape D.sight tree. 7.A.symbol B.concept C.Animals'way of living has changed humans' C.belief D.wonder life. 8.A.attract B.feed D.Humans can learn from nature and animals. C.drive D.impress Ⅱ.完形填空 9.A.formally B.finally During a period of two months,the east coast C.regularly D.constantly of Florida was hit by three major hurricanes! 10.A.task B.joy When we woke up on the morning of September C.hope D.plan 5th,my husband and I stood on the balcony and 1 11.A.period B.mind the still-powerful winds break huge trees. C.view D.scene 2,in the midst of these destructive 12.A.common B.casual winds,we 3 a flash of colour in our garden. D.positive No more than ten feet from where we stood,a C.strange hummingbird 4 and flew in front of us. 13.A.informed B.indicated This was the first time we had ever 5 a C.reminded D.suggested hummingbird in our yard-or in Florida!Because 14.A.message B.hobby of their scarcity(稀缺)，the6_of a hummingbird C.subject D.topic in Brevard County,Florida,is almost a 7 in 15.A.buying B.changing itself. C.receiving D.planting 45k⑧ H山说的话解释了蚂蚁可以把自己的褪连接在一 故G项（但一种生物的存在依靠另一种生物的存 起形成一个网，这是蚂蚁在洪水里自救的方法， 在)符合语境。 说明它们了解这样的方法，故B项正确。 5.A结合本段内容可知，本段主要说明改变是不 3.B细节理解题。根据第五段中“The larger ants 可避免且持续不断的，由此可知，A项适合作本 create pockets of air that keep the insects 段主旨句。 afloat..”可知在蚂蚁组成的网里，更大些的蚂蚁 Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文讲述一位中国古代画家找寻 们在网的最中间，形成一个气泡产生浮力，让所 最伟大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。 有的妈蚁都能漂浮起来，故B项正确。 1.whose考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空 4.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中内容可知， 处引导一个定语从句，且与其后名词paintings之 妈蚁的行为给科学家启示，可以用蚂蚁自救类似 间构成所属关系，故用whose。 的方法把一些微型机器人或其他一些能改变形 2.finest考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝 状的材料组合在一起，一起去完成一个共同的目： 命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。 标，故C项正确。 3.be chosen考查动词的语态。这位画家确信自 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。美国由于雨水 己肯定会被选中。he与choose之间是动宾关 过多，为了避免洪涝和浪费，美国的几个城市正在 系，故填被动语态。 启动屋顶花园等项目。在大学校舍的顶部建造花 :4.curiosity考查名词。介词with后应使用名词。 园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种 5.When./As考查状语从句。When/As在句中表 资源，成了城市农业的一部分。 示“当…时”，引导时间状语从句。 5.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The garden: 6.pointed考查动词的时态。空处与smiled构成 holds many kinds of plants to help absorb 并列谓语，故用一般过去时。 rainwater and grow food at the same time.”可 :7.to find考查非谓语动词。set out to do sth(怀 知，花园里有多种植物，可以帮助吸收雨水。 着目标)开始做某事，是常见用法。 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“..Caitlin:8.gently 考查副词。修饰动词moved应使用 Arlotta.She is a student in the school's Urban 副词。 Agriculture program...The university also has 9.surrounding考查非谓语动词。根据上下文及 other green spaces.'We also have our own farm “rising from the river'”可知，此处为see sth doing experiments'”。可知，凯特琳·阿洛塔是该校都 sth结构. 市农业计划的学生。大学还有其他绿地，她们也 l0.on考查固定搭配。on earth意为“在世界上”， 有自己的实验农场，由此可推断出有许多大学生 是固定搭配。 正在参与这项城市农业计划。 作业（十五） 7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This is the future,.,and then you recycle..”可推断出她对 [层级1基础知识自测] 于屋顶花园的未来很自信。 I.1.attained 2.rural 3.rejected 4.evaluate 8.B标题归纳题。第一段说美国由于雨水过多， 5.bow 6.decent 7.withdraw 8.domestic 为了避免洪涝和浪货，美国的几个城市正在启动：Ⅱ.1.to2.to withdraw3.evaluation4.rejection 屋顶花园等项目。接着下文进行了详细介绍，在：5.for6.depressed/,depressive;depressing 大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨：7.at8.departure9.through 10.reaction 水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成了城市农业的： lll.1.it takes great courage to admit mistakes 一部分。由此可知，B项：“绿色屋顶一城市农： 2.As is often the case 3.while Jane sat alone 业的未来”最适合作本文标题。 IV.1.influential 2.for 3.seeking 4.quietness Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。大自然给我 5.an 6.Although Though/While 7.wrote 们提供了很多东西，并且教会我们很多道理。本文 :8.himself 9.to convince 10.simply 列举了一些我们能从大自然中学到的道理。 [层级2素养能力提升] l.E根据空前的Nature has a lot to offer.以及空 L,[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。研究发现， 后的Here are some valuable life lessons..可知， 蜜蜂与许多其他动物一样，能理解“0”这样的抽象 E项符合语境，起承上启下的作用。E项中的 概念，尤其是蜜蜂的脑容量相比人类来说要小很 values照应空后一句中的valuable。 多。这给人工智能的发展带来了启示。 2.B根据空后的“and give something back., 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句，尤其是 who we are'”,并结合本段主旨句“Respect our “considering the insects'tiny brains”可知，令研 roots.”可推知，B项符合语境。B项中的origins 究人员吃惊的是在蜜蜂的脑容量小的情况下，它 呼应上文中的roots。 们也能理解“0”这样的概念。 3.F结合选项可知，F项承上启下，符合语境。 2.C细节理解题。根据第二段内容，尤其是最后 F项中的“this beautiful artist's creation”照应上 一句可知，蜜蜂能飞向符号少的卡片是训练的结 文中的“nature is the most creative artist'”。 果。但是，蜜蜂能更多地飞向空白的卡片是不需 4.G根据空后内容可知，生物间是相互依存的。 要训练的。 28 @ 3.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it became:9.B作者前面做的各种努力都是徒劳的，而最后 easier for them to distinguish when the symbols 是愿风带来了蜂鸟。 on the card increased in number”可知，卡片上的 10.B由于作者非常喜欢蜂鸟，因此观看蜂鸟对她 符号越多，它们就越容易辨别。第三段最后一句 来说是一种快乐。 列举的例子也说明了这一点。 ll.C a bird's eye view是一个固定短语，意为“俯 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Adrian 视：鸟瞰”。 Dyer认为蜜蜂能利用比人类更少的神经元理解： 12.D作者认为，飓风给自己带来的影响是积极 抽象的概念，人类也可以教人工智能利用更简单 的—因为她看到了自己渴望已久的蜂鸟。 的方法来学习一些新的技巧。 13.C作者每次看到蜂鸟时，都会被提醒想到生活 [语篇解读]这是一篇议论文。人类本就是自然 中的各种幸福。 的一部分，作者联系对于大自然的观察，将一些向：14.A根据上文的“messages of beauty,strength, 自然学习得来的哲理娓娓道来。 and determination”可知，这里应该填入message 5.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，这里！ 一词，表示大自然传递给我们的信息和启示。 写的是树木的特，点，“out in the open”与“deeply 15.D我们需要做的，仅仅是坚持播下美丽和信念 rooted in the ground”形成对照，坚韧结实的根 : 的种子，然后等待奇迹的到来。 于地下不见天日，而脆弱矫嫩的茎叶露在外面。 weakness虚弱置于此处应该是最符合文意的。 作业（十六） 故选A。 「层级1基础知识自测 6.C推理判断题。根据第二段“We must compare I.1.weekly 2.prospect 3.innocent 4.secrecy our growth...Everyone is incomparably unique." 5.insist 6.glare 7.rhyme 8.enhance 可知，通过竹子和枫树的比较，作者想要表达的： II.1.away 2.are;(should)be taught 3.weekly 是，不要与他人比较，每个人都是独特的。故 4.out 5.bending 6.innocence 7.from 选C。 8.inspectors:inspection 9.round 10.out 7.B细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，通过：Ⅲ.l.By the time you get into the habit of managing 蚂蚁和蜜蜂的例子，作者想要表达的是，每个人：time2.not as good as you expected3.as if we 在集体中都有自己的定位，大家齐心协力才能让：were her own children 集体正常运行，B选项Unity意为“团结，联合”。 I.1.excited 2.quietness 3.came 4.and 故选B。 5.into 6.disposed 7.The 8.curiously 9.roofs 8.D主旨大意题。文章在第一句中就点明了作者：10.has become 想通过一些案例说明，人们可以从大自然和动物 [层级2素养能力提升] 中学习一些处事的哲理，这就是本文的主旨。故 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 选D。 格温德琳·布鲁克斯以及她的诗歌的创作背景、 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。飓风过后，：主题等。 难得一见的蜂鸟来到了作者的院子里。作者由此：1.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述 认识到灾难中也隐藏着幸福。 了格温德琳·布鲁克斯的诗歌。故选B。 l,A作者和丈夫站在阳台上，应该是看到了飓风：2.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“She was an 袭击大树的场面。 expert in the language of poetry..”可知，格温德 2.D下文是作者在狂暴的飓风中突然看到的 琳·布鲁克斯擅长运用诗歌语言。故选B。 情景。 3.A推理判断题。根据文章中列举的A Street in 3.A作者和丈夫突然发现一道亮丽的颜色。spot Bronzeville,Annie Allen,Maud Martha, 此处意为“看见，注意到，发现”。 Corners on the Curving Sky可知，作者是通过举 4.B根据下文“flew in front of us'”可知，一只蜂鸟 例来写这篇文章的。故选A。 出现在作者面前。 4.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“She 5.C这是作者第一次在自己院子里看到蜂鸟，也 wrote about a wider world and dealt with 是第一次在佛罗里达看到蜂鸟。 important political issues..”可知，文章最后提到 6.D根据上下文可知，这里是指作者第一次看到： 格温德琳·布鲁克斯会写与政治相关的诗，由此 蜂鸟。这里的sight表示“看见，看到”。 可推知，文章接下来可能会介绍她的有关政治方 7,D根据上文的“Because of their scarcity” 面的作品。 (稀缺)可知，看到蜂鸟非常不容易，因此wonder [语篇解读]热带雨林在人们的生活中起着重要 (奇观，奇迹)符合语境。 作用，它们能吸收太阳光来调节地球上的温度，减 8.A因为作者非常渴望看到蜂鸟，因此她种植各 少人类得病，还能提供一些药用的植物为人类治 种植物来吸引蜂鸟。 病，因此，我们要保护热带雨林，不要滥垦滥伐。 29