Unit 3 作业(九) Section Ⅲ Developing ideas&Presenting ideas-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

作业（九） SectionⅢl Developing ideas Presenting ideas 层级①基础知识自测 Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 1.如果按照说明书服用，这种药没有副作用。 I.单词拼写 (过去分词短语作状语) 1.The (代表)from all over China the drug has gathered in Beijing to attend the important no side effect. meeting last month. ! 2.难怪你考试不及格。你原本应该做好充分的准 2.When we look a bit deeper,problems begin to 备的。(wonder) (出现)immediately. 3.The old couple used to live in a You should have made full preparations for it. (简陋的)cottage in the country.. 3.The oceans not only provide us with abundant resources,but they also play a role in maintaining 4.We are planning a dinner to celebrate the 50th the balance of our ecosystem. (周年纪念日)of the founding of the company. but they also play a role in maintaining the balance (谷物)is a cereal crop,especially of our ecosystem.(倒装) wheat or corn,which has been harvested and is V,课文语法填空 used for food or in trade. In 1937,the aggression of the Japanese army 6.Their (学术的)standards are brought disaster to China's three great universities: high and they are all experts in different fields. Peking University,Tsinghua University and Nankai Ⅱ.单句语法填空 University.1. (save)their educational 1.Careful planning laid the foundation and intellectual heritage,the three universities the nation's economic miracle. 2. (join)together in Kunming as Lianda. 2.The applicant has experience in teaching and, Professors and students in the three universities more (relevant),in industry. made an epic journey over a distance of over 2,000 3.A good many representative) kilometres,most of them 3. foot. who are present at the meeting are from very During the journey,they had to sleep on the remote mountainous areas. roadside and often 4. (attack)by 4.All the information available has been checked, Japanese bombs.In Kunming,they had to live in but none is relevant this theft case. rough buildings.There were extreme 5. 5.The city was destroyed by foreign (shortage)of food,books,and equipment.What's (invade),leaving thousands of people homeless. worse,classes were 6. (frequent) 6.The scientists hope to break disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to soon be held before 10 a.m.and after 4 p.m. in the research for a cure for cancers. However,despite the immense hardships,it 7.The child is developing in every way,morally, was right in this place,over a period of eight long (intellectual)and physically. years,7. the nation's intellectual 8.He's been informed that he doesn't qualify for heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the the scholarship because of his passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. (academy)background. 8. (drive)by a sense of 9.Those who have an unusually high level of commitment,9. great many students intelligence,mental skill or ability are people we joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and refer to geniuses. defend the honour of our nation. 10.Back pain can be a tough mystery to solve,but A product of the war,Lianda is now physically with a doctor's help you should be able to track gone.But 10. (it)strong spirit of the cause. perseverance and devotion will last forever. 25 ○英语·选择性必修第三册（配WY版） 层级②素养能力提升 1.What do we know about Murphy before the battle? A.He wasn't known to anyone. I,阅读理解 B.He had received many awards. A C.He was the oldest in his troop. D.He wasn't thought highly of by others. On January 26,1945,Audie Murphy and some 40 U.S.troops sat shaking in the cold near the 2.How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops? Alsatian town of Holtzwihr.Just after 2 p.m.,the A.He hesitated to take action. stillness of winter was suddenly broken.In the B.He was too frightened to do anything. distance,some 250 German troops and 6 tanks C.He became excited and decided to attack. appeared from the woods. D.He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position. At just 19 years old,the baby-faced Texan 3.Which of the following played a role in saving had already won two Silver Stars and the Murphy's life? Distinguished Service Cross,and he was leading A.The cover of the nearby tree line. men 10 years his senior into battle. B.The help offered by the artillery commander. Murphy knew that his men stood no chance C.His being invisible behind smoke and flames. against so large a force,so he instructed most of D.His skill in operating the tank destroyer. them to withdraw to pre-prepared defensive 4.What can be inferred about Murphy's post-war positions along a nearby tree line.As they ran for life? cover,he stayed behind and used his field A.He left the horrors of combat behind him. telephone to call in an artillery strike.He did not B.He encouraged people to honor war heroes. C.He greatly suffered mentally. have enough time to contact their artillery D.He failed to find a job. commander before salvos(齐射)of German tank 尔 fire erupted around him. (2024·天津实验中学期中考试)In Long Walk Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly to Freedom,Nelson Mandela chose War and Peace burning,but he saw that its machine was still specially as a book that had a strong influence on operational.He quickly seized the gun and opened him during his 27 years in prison.He returned to fire on the German troops nearest his position. : the novel over and over again,referring to it as his From their cover on the edge of the tree line, all-time favorite years later.What Mandela took most of Murphy's troops could only watch in from Tolstoy's novel,above all,is the belief that a shock."I expected to see the whole tank destroyer perfect life or situation can be achieved in a broken blow up under him any minute,"Private Anthony world. Abramski later wrote.In fact,the blaze may have In War and Peace,no character represents saved Murphy's life.Many of the German troops the spirit of idealism more than Pierre Bezukhov, and tank commanders couldn't see him behind the who receives a large fortune in Russia at the smoke and flames. beginning of the novel.After that,he enters into an Audie Murphy was called a national hero and unsuccessful marriage.He attempts to free his awarded the Medal of Honor.Murphy returned peasants,but his efforts come to nothing due to a home in June 1945.He later started a film career lack of practical wisdom.Later he goes to the battlefield but ends up as a French prisoner of war that included more than 40 credits,most of them during Napoleon's 1812 invasion of Russia.Then, in Westerns and war films.Reliving the horrors of just when he thinks things can't possibly get combat in front of the camera proved difficult for worse,Pierre is brought before a firing soldier Murphy,who had suffered from nightmares and group. flashbacks since returning home.He later urged Prepared to die,he discovers that he has been the U.S.government to provide better mental brought there only as a witness.The sight of the healthcare for its soldiers.He also hoped people factory worker being shot in the head is enough to would always live in peace. destroy every false belief about his own power and 26 the world's good order.Eventually he survives, Morris and Simon were best friends as kids with a stronger commitment to the ideal of peace 5 the Nazis invaded their country Romania in he has always believed in. 1940.However,their families lost 6 as they As Mandela was reading all this in prison, didn't flee the country together.Both grew up Mandela may have been thinking about his own life believing the other died.Until some time ago their journey.He,too,was born into a noble family, children 7 the two families on the Internet. rose to a position in the African National Congress, Morris'niece came across Simon's daughter got married and then separated.He watched his while 8 for relatives online only to find out political dreams come to an end and his own life that Simon is 9 in the UK.Morris settles in became unpredictable when in 1962 he was Israel.It took some time but they organized a sentenced to life in prison because of leading a non 10 for the two long-lost men in Tel Aviv, violent revolutionary campaign. Israel.Someone recorded a video of this emotional Like Pierre,Mandela survived prison with his meeting and 11 it online,leaving people all faith undamaged.Precisely because he refused to accept over the world 12. that conflict is unavoidable,Mandela eventually 13 the fact that both men are in their 80s, managed to transform a country moving very fast they plan to keep in touch and see each other toward civil war into a democracy(民主国家). often,reconstructing the beautiful 14 they 5.Why did Mandela consider War and Peace as his had as children.And it will surely not 15 with favorite? time. A.He depended on it to survive prison. 1.A.gains B.embarrassment B.He thought it was easy to understand. C.sufferings D.hope C.He was interested in the history it was set in. 2.A.encouraging B.reaching D.He loved all the characters Tolstoy created C.leading D.affecting in it. 3.A.ending B.plot 6.What can we learn about Pierre Bezukhov? A.He fails to set all of his peasants free. C.background D.design 4.A.hurriedly B.eventually B.He is almost killed by the soldiers. C.He has a happy family life with his wife. C.suddenly D.unwillingly D.He is arrested because of fighting against : 5.A.since B.before Russian troops. C.but D.though 7.Which of the following is the similarity between 6.A.contact B.relation Mandela and Pierre Bezukhov? C.news D.approach A.Their desire for freedom. 7.A.found B.responded B.Their family backgrounds. C.called D.reconnected C.Their lessons learned from war. 8.A.searching B.asking D.Their life experiences and political ideas. C.hoping D.waiting 8.What is the text mainly about? 9.A.happy B.sociable A.What Mandela has left us. C.alive D.safe B.What Mandela did to avoid war. 10.A.party B.dinner C.What Mandela achieved after prison. C.reunion D.travel D.What Mandela learned from War and Peace. 11.A.mailed B.shared Ⅱ.完形填空 C.donated D.supplied Most of us go through some hardships in life. 12.A.in silence B.in doubt But few things match the 1 brought upon C.in panic D.in tears people by the genocide(种族灭绝)of Jews during 13.A.Despite B.Beyond World War II and it's still 2 people nowadays. C.Though D.In case of Luckily,today's story has a happy 3 for two 14.A.wishes B.understanding men and their families.The two cousins 4 got C.friendship D.ideas to meet after being separated 75 years ago during 15.A.pass B.come the holocaust(大屠杀). C.show D.decline 27@ [层级2素养能力提升] 4.E空格后提到，英国的军医Harold Gillies和他 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位 的同事给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些 获得过紫心勋章的老战士收集丢失的紫心勋章并 手术大部分针对因枪击面部受伤的士兵。E项 物归原主的故事。 “第一次世界大战让许多士兵留下伤疤落下残疾” l.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he earned 引出下文，符合语境。故选E。 one himself in a war as a soldier'”可知，他作为一 5.F空格前提到，英国的军医Harold Gillies和他 名战士在一次战争中为自己赢得了紫心勋章。 的同事给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些 2.B推理判断题。根据第三段的描述，尤其是 手术大部分针对因枪击面部受伤的士兵。F项 “At that point,I knew she meant business'”可 “Gillies作为现代整形手术之父而出名”与上文形 知，Zac意识到Adeline非常重视那枚勋章。 成因果关系，符合语境。故选F。 3.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘But as Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了美国的一次海洋 I grew older,'Adeline says,'and missed my 探险中第一次拍摄到了世界上已知最深的沉船，这 brother more and more,I realized that was the only thing we had left..,”可知，Adeline珍惜这 : 艘沉船是在第二次世界大战中被日本海军击沉的。 枚勋章的原因是她对哥哥的怀念。 l.was attacked考查时态和语态。空格前的it是 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。讲解了文化由 谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态：这里说 于其巨大的象征价值，在武装冲突或灾难中尤其会 的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。 处在危险之中。与此同时，文化被视作修复驱动 2.darkness考查词性转化。根据and前的depth 力，增强了文明社会的灵活性。 ! 可知，该空填提示词的名词形式。 4.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“During recent 3.specially考查词性转化。空格中所填单词在句 conflicts,which it belongs..”及第三段中的 中修饰built,故填special的副词形式。 “Disasters caused,.,cultural institutions.”并结 4.thought考查非谓语动词。than previously 合两段中的具体例子可知，文章第二、三段提及 thought是“连词十分词”结构，意思是“比以前 一些受损文物是为了说明在武装冲突或灾难中 认为的…”。than previously thought是than 的糟糕的文化状况。 it was previously thought的省略形式。 5.A段落大意题。根据第四段中的第二句 :5.a考查冠词。探险家来自一家叫做Caladan "Immediately after a disaster or an armed Oceanic的公司。这里是说“一家公司”，不定冠 conflict,all nations often find cultural relics can 词泛指数量“一”，company的发音以辅音音素开 work well as material and psychological 头，故填a。 support."及“Moreover after an emergency,,. 6.Its考查代词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语， renewed conflicts.”可知，本段描述了文化在灾 修饰名词founder,.故填it的形容词性物主代词 后修复中起着重要的作用。 形式。 6.C细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Music,: T.places考查名词的复数形式。place是可数名 dance,theatre and cinema,for example,have 词，some of后接可数名词的复数形式。 been used to build deeper understanding among;8.to get考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词修饰， people who flee for safety.”可知，音乐、舞蹈和戏 后面要跟不定式（短语）。 剧也能给人安全感。 9.As考查介词。根据语境可知，此处填As表示 7.D推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，此段 “作为”。 描述了保护文化的重要性，接下来应该谈论保护 10.who考查定语从句。关系代词who指代先行 文化的措施。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 词those,引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。 一些在第一次世界大战期间出现的新事物，如夏令 作业（九） 时、血库、好莱坞以及整形手术等。 1.A空格后提到，协约国很快也采用了夏令时。 [层级1基础知识自测] A项“德国人在1916年率先采用了夏令时”与下 I.1.representatives 2.emerge 3.rough 文衔接紧密，且都描述一战时的情况，符合语境。 4.anniversary 5.Grain 6.academic 故选A。 II.1.for 2.relevantly 3.representatives 4.to 2.C空格后有表转折的连词but,且提到在一战之 5.invaders 6.through 7.intellectually 前医生们很少给病人输血。C项“输血起始于17 8.academic 9.as 10.down 世纪”与but后内容形成转折关系，符合语境。故： Ill.1.Taken according to the directions 2.It is no 选C。 wonder that you failed the exam 3.Not only do 3.B空格前捉到，由于很多欧洲国家处于战火之：the oceans provide us with abundant resources 中，欧洲电影业的规模也急剧缩减。B项“那给美 IV.1.To save 2.joined 3.on 4.were attacked 国人打开了大门”与上文形成因果关系，符合语 5.shortages 6.frequently 7.that 8.Driven 境。故选B。 9.a 10.its 21 to [层级2素养能力提升] 8.D主旨大意题。结合全文可知，文章主要介绍 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲 了《战争与和平》这本小说中的人物Pierre的人 述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。 生经历，并讲述了曼德拉在漫长的监狱生活中从 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At just19 这本小说中获取了强大的精神力量，熬过了艰难 years old,the baby-faced Texan had already won 岁月并不改初心，最终带领国家实现民主的故事。 two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Ⅱ，[语篇解读]第二次世界大战期间，纳粹分子 Cross,and he was leading men 10 years his 对犹太人的大屠杀造成许多人和亲人朋友分离。 senior into battle..”可知，在这次战役前墨菲已经 莫里斯和西蒙在分离75年后，终于团聚了。 获得了很多奖。 l.C根据上文的“Most of us go through some 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Murphy hardships in life.”可知此处用“苦难”符合语境， knew that his men stood no chance against so hardships和sufferings是同义词复现，故选C, large a force,so he instructed most of them to 2.D结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难， withdraw to pre-prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line.As they ran for cover" 影响了他们几代人。encourage鼓励；reach达 可知，墨菲让他的部队撒退到有掩护的地方。 到；lead通向；affect影响。故选D。 3.C细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In fact,the 3.A根据下文的“The two cousins4 got to blaze may have saved Murphy's life.Many of the meet after being separated 75 years ago during German troops and tank commanders couldn't the holocaust..”可知，两兄弟在75年后见面了， see him behind the smoke and flames..”可知，墨 这是个幸福的结局。ending结局；plot情节； 菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他 background背景；design设计。故选A。 才得以幸存。 4.B根据下文的“after being separated75 years 4.C细节理解题。根据末段中的“Reliving the ago during the holocaust”可知此处用“最终”符合 horrors of combat in front of the camera proved 语境。hurriedly匆忙地；eventually最终； difficult for Murphy,who had suffered from suddenly突然；unwillingly不乐意地。故选B。 nightmares and flashbacks since returning 5.B根据下文“they didn't flee the country home.”可知，战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。 together”可知，他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述 [语篇解读]《战争与和平》这本小说里的人物 的是纳粹入侵之前的事情。故选B。 Pierre Bezukhov怀有理想主义精神，虽然他曾被捕； 6.A根据下文的“they didn't flee the country 入狱，但是他对和平的信仰始终没有改变。南非国 together'”可知，此处用“失去联系”符合语境。 父曼德拉在漫长的监狱生活中受到该小说的激励， contact联系；relation关系；news新闻； 像Pierre一样不改初心，最终带领国家实现了 approach方法，途径。故选A。 民主。 7.D根据下文的“they plan to keep in touch and 5.A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a book that see each other often”可知，两位老人取得了联 had a strong influence on him during his 27 years 系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系 in prison”并结合全文内容可知，《战争与和平》这 上了。find发现；respond回答；call打电话； 本小说在曼德拉长达27年的监狱生活中对他有 reconnect重新联系。故选D。 着强大的影响，帮助他熬过了那段艰难岁月。故 8.A根据上文的“on the Internet'”和下文的 选A。 “online'”可知此处用“搜索”特合语境。故选A。 6.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He attempts 9.C根据上文的“Both grew up believing the to free his peasants,but his efforts come to other died.”可知此处用“活着的”符合语境。die nothing'”可知Pierre试图解放他的佃农，但是他 没有成功。其他选项都与文章内容不符。故 和alive是反义词复现。故选C。 选A。 l0.C根据下文的“the two long-lost men”可知此 7.D推理判断题。结合全文可知，曼德拉和 处用“重聚”符合语境。reunion重聚。故选C。 Pierre都来自富贵的家庭，都经历了牢狱之灾，都 l1l.B根据下文的“it online'”可知，此处是指把视 曾有失败的婚姻，故他们有着相似的人生经历； 频分享到了网上。mail邮寄；share分享； 且根据第三段中的“with a stronger commitment donate捐赠；supply提供。故选B。 to the ideal of peace he has always believed in." 12.D此处指两位老人75年后重聚的场面让人们 第四段中的“leading a non violent revolutionary 流下了感动的泪水。in silence静静地；in doubt campaign”以及最后一段中的“Mandela eventually 怀疑地；in panic恐慌地；in tears流着泪。故 managed to transform a country moving very 选D。 fast toward civil war into a democracy(民主国 :13.A此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还 家).”可知，Pierre追求和平，曼德拉反对暴力，支 是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是 持民主，故他们有着相似的政治观，点。故选D。 连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。 22 ⑧ l4.C根据上文的“Morris and Simon were best:6.B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的内容可 friends as kids'”可知此处用“友谊”符合语境。 知，塑料水瓶的使用会增加污染并且浪费能源和 wish愿望；understanding理解；friendship友 水。再根据第二段最后一句可知，太多的塑料一 谊；idea主意。故选C。 定会对环境有害，这就能说明为什么会有这样的 15.D结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年 : 新发明。因此发明Ooho的目的是保护环境，故 后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而 选B。 消退。decline消退。故选D。 7.C推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“but 作业（十） they cost about two cents to create a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles..”可知，制造储水 [层级1基础知识自测] 容器Ooho的成本比制造塑料矿泉水瓶低得多， I.1.illegal 2.assistant 3.potentially 因此可以推断出Ooho的市场售价可能会比塑料 4.capacity 5.analysed 6.immoral 7.victims 瓶低，故选C。 8.artificial 8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最 II.1.at 2.illegally 3.capacity 4.out 5.analysing 后一句“It is quickly making a rise,so keep an 6.immoral 7.to 8.assistance 9.to 10.out III.1.he had no choice but to scream for help eye out this year for these bottles of the future." 2.get the rented house tidied 可知，许多投资商看好储水容器Ooho的市场前 3.The truth is that if you want respect 景，所以作者也相信它一定会成功，故选A。 IV.1.to happen 2.built 3.an 4.safer 5.on ! Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。意识到生活 6.truly 7.be wiped 8.inconvenience 9.which/ : 被社交媒体操纵后，为了给儿子做个好榜样，“我” that 10.goes 毅然注销了自己的社交煤体账号，开始阅读书籍、 [层级2素养能力提升] 重拾编织的爱好并积极地上瑜你课。“我”对自己、 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。作者是一个 家庭等的感觉越来越好。 物理学家和人工智能研究者，他向我们阐述了人们 :l.A根据该句中的to join可知，该处指“邀请加 对人工智能发展的误解以及人工智能的优势。 入”下一个挑战团体。invite“邀请”符合语境。 l.C推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“.·many 2.C根据上文中的“join my next challenge group people reject this as science fiction..”可知，很 及下文中的on60 minutes of exercise'”可知，此处 多人不相信人工智能研究员的预言，对其持怀疑 应指邀请“我”参加挑战，将注意力集中在60分钟 态度，认为那更像是科幻小说。C项意为“怀疑 的锻炼上。focus on为固定搭配，意为“集中注意 的”，符合文意。 力于…” 2.A细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句的内：3.D根据上文内容可知，社交媒体正在通过广告 容“这表明我们只看到了智慧的冰山一角，而且 邀请客户参加他们的活动，结合该句中的my life 有一种惊人的可能性，就是可以释放出自然界潜 可知，社交媒体正在操纵着“我”的生活。run“管 在的全部智慧，并利用它来帮助人类”可知，作者 理，经营”。 认为我们对智慧知之甚少。故选A。 4.A根据该句中的social media并结合常识可知， 3D词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句的内容“既 该处指“我”在社交蝶体上发布照片。 然我们热爱的关于文明的一切都是智慧的产物， 5.B根据下文中的“set him a bad example'”可知， 那么用人工智能来增强我们自己的智慧就有可 “我”意识到“我”为他树立了不好的榜样；结合该 能解决未来最棘手的问题。”可知，第四段是在讲 句中的call可知，他的问题敲响了警钟。wake 述人工智能的优，点和好处，故upside应为“优，点， up call“让人警醒的事”。 好处”之意。故选D。 4.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中 6.D根据该句中的acceptance and可知，空处与名 的“it's an awful idea for more powerful 词acceptance为同义词；结合常识可知，“赞”是接 technology...where even a single mistake is 受和赞成的标志。approval“赞成”。 unacceptable..”可知，对于更强大的技术来说， :7.D根据上文描述可知，“我”在社交媒体上发布 哪怕是犯一个错误都是不可接受的。所以，避免 了一张照片，儿子问“我”获赞多少：再结合语境 犯错是很重要的。故选C。 可知，此处是指“我”不知不觉地为儿子树立了一 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 个坏榜样。unknowingly“不知不觉地”。 Skipping Rocks Lab发明的新型环保储水容器 8.A根据上文中的bad example并结合该句中的 Ooho的食用方法、运输方法以及制作成本，并展望 example for my son可知，空处与bad词义相反， 了其市场前景。 表示“为儿子树立一个健康的榜样”。healthy“健 5.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句的内容可 康的”。 知，在美国，只有23%的塑料资源被回收利用，价 9.C根据该句中的deactivated(解除)my social 值超过10亿美元的塑料都被当作垃圾扔掉了，故 media并结合常识可知，“我”注销了“我”的社交 选D。 媒体账号。account“账号”。 23