Unit 2 作业(五) Section Ⅱ Using language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册知能达标训练（外研版2019）

6.D 段落大意题。由第三段第二至五句“相比之 作业(五) 下,深厚的友谊是,你关心你的朋友是为了他,而 [层级1 基础知识自测] 不是为了任何利益。这就是无私的友谊。你只 I. 1. because 2. whether 3. that 4. what 能有几个这样的朋友,因为他们需要大量的时间 5. that 6. where 7. how 8. by 9. down 10. on 和精力。你们必须为彼此作出牺牲”可知,该段 II. 1. this is where I disagree 2. That's because 1 主要解释了深厚友谊的含义。故选D。 stayed up too late 3. this is what it takes to do 7.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“友谊的存在 anything well 4. when our whole family are on 需要‘陪伴’和‘奉献'。也许深厚友谊最显著的 vacation 5. The most important thing is that we 特征是奉献',就像我的朋友会在我遇到麻烦时 must learn from our mistakes 支持我,或者在我生病时给我端汤。只有强大的 III. 1. because 2. when 3. that 4. what 5. where 纽带才有力量激发真正的牺牲。但目前还不清 6.why 7. how 8. that 楚为什么网上的‘朋友'会费心去做友谊这一艰 [层级2 素养能力提升] I. [语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍 苦的工作”可知,作者主要想告诉他的学生,网上 的朋友不会作出真正的牺牲,他们无法在你遇到 了获得了国家最高科学技术奖的王振义院士的个 困难的时候给予你支持和帮助。故选D。 人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“receiveda 8.A 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章最后一段 letter of thanks fromAmerica(收到一封来自美 的论述“数字生活填补并消耗了人们清醒时的生 国的感谢信)”及“The writer of the letter was 活时间,这样人们就不会加入体现友谊的具体活 Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once 动,比如运动、集体艺术、自由放养的童年等。 suffered from APL but was cured with ... a 通过这种方式,数字生活造成了虚假的友谊。” treatment developed by Wang and his medical 可知,本文主要论述了现在的友谊变得数字化, team.”可知,詹多梅尼科太太给王教授写信是为 失去了原来的面对面友谊的意义这一观点。因 了表达她的感激。 此,“Digitalizedfriendship(数字化友谊)”为本文 2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His 主要描述的内容。故选A。 grandmother's death caused by typhoid further II. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了 strengthened his resolve to fight against 为了取得成功应该停止做的四件事。 diseases andrescuepatients.”可知,祖母的死坚 1.B 此处是本段小标题。根据其他段小标题的句 定了王振义医生成为一名医生的决心。 式可知空处应是个祈使句,A项和B项符合。根 3.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“itspositive 据本段首句和最后一句可知本段讲的是人们对 effect after several months' experiments. In 成功的定义不同,不要担心别人怎么想,只要珍 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a 惜使你自己快乐的事就够了。由此可知B项(不 five-year-old patient. It turned out to be 要让别人决定成功对你来说是什么)符合本段主 successful.”可知,1986年,该药首次用于治疗一 旨。B项中的success与本段第一句中的success 名5岁的病人,结果很成功。说明经过几个月的 是词汇复现。 实验,王教授和他的团队最终证实了全反式维甲 2.F 根据下文“Don't worry about what other 酸的积极效果。由此可知画线词意为“证实”。 people think but value what makes you happy." confirm确定,证实,故选D. 可知F项(如果你想成功,不要让别人把他们对 4.B 标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段中的“·One 成功的解释强加于你)与该句所说内容一致,都 cannot be a real doctor if one does not have 是讲的不要在乎别人对成功的定义是什么。故 expertise in medicine,' Wang said in an 选F。 interview.'However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.'”,再 3.C 根据本段小标题“Donot believeanything 结合文章主要介绍了王振义医生的个人经历以 withoutquestioningit.”可知,本段主要讲不要毫 及他对白血病的研究过程和为挽救生命做出的 无疑问地相信任何事情。C项中的“...notjust 卓越贡献可知,B项(一个有人情味的医生)最适 accept any new information to be true.”与设空 合作文章标题。 处后的“questionnewinformation”相呼应,故 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述 选C。 了现在的友谊变得数字化,失去了原来的面对面友 4.G 根据空前讲的“如果你想要成功,停止去想任 谊的意义。 何或许会发生在你身上的事情。”再结合选项可 5.B 推理判断题。第一段全段都是对话,第二段 知G项(试着坦然面对现实,接受你的未来是无 前几句也是对话,由此可知,作者通过呈现他和 法预测的这个事实)符合语境,进一步说明这一 儿子的对话来引出文章的话题。故选B。 点,故选G。 5.D 根据本段小标题“Do not care about what III. 1. On the top of the mountain is an ancient other peoplethinkofyou.”可知,本段主要讲不 tower 2. If it weren't for your help 3. neither 要在乎别人对你的看法,D项(众所周知,我们不 improve skills nor realize our goals 可能取悦身边所有的人)符合本段主旨。D项中 IV. 1. who 2. the most significant 3. from 的“please all the people”与本段中的“the 4. requires 5. complexity 6. to break quantity of people to please”相呼应,故选D。 7. repaired 8. it 9. optimistic 10. Following II.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了 [层级2 素养能力提升] 爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的成就和贡献。 I.[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了沈阳一位钢琴专 1. the 考查冠词。空后的greatest为形容词最高 业毕业学生为改变中国古代乐器逐渐消亡的现状, 级,前面要用定冠词the。 亲手重造古代乐器的经历。 1.C 2. to 考查固定短语。contributeto有助于 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“These 3. interested 考查形容词。句意:他在学校表现不 instruments are gradually dying out because of a 好,但他对数学和科学感兴趣。根据空前的系动 lack of attention and preservation for them."可 词was可知设空处作表语;根据语境可知设空处 知,中国的一些古代乐器正在消亡是因为人们不 表示“感兴趣的”,应用形容词interested作表语。 注意保存它们。故选C。 be interested in对......感兴趣。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,是音乐家们 4. his 考查代词。studyonone'sown自学。此处 在节日里演奏自己的乐器激发了刘达重现中国 指爱因斯坦,提示词为he,应用形容词性物主代 古代乐器的灵感。故选B。 词his。 3.D 推理判断题。根据第五段刘达说的话可知 5.publishing 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知,句 刘达在再现中国古代乐器方面付出了巨大的努 力。故选D。 中已有谓语caused,设空处应用非谓语动词形式; 设空处在介词by后面,作by的宾语,应用动名词 4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,刘达计划 形式。 在不久的将来用他重新制作的乐器组建一个乐 队。故选A。 6. completely考查副词。修饰形容词new应用副 词completely。 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了 加拿大华裔艺术家何靖恒通过他的艺术作品向世 7.received考查动词时态。设空处作谓语,根据后 界传递爱与和平。 文中的“in1921”可知应用一般过去时。 5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,何 8.which考查定语从句。句意:在另一篇论文中, 请恒学习中国艺术是为了让中国艺术重新回到 爱因斯坦提出了“狭义相对论”,它改变了科学家 们对能量和物质的看法。“ 世界的艺术舞台中心,回到世界的领先地位。故 changed 选C。 how scientists thought about energy and 6.D 段落大意题。根据第四段中首句和最后一句 matter.”为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“the 可知,本段主要是关于何请恒演讲时说明中西方 SpecialTheory of Relativity,”且关系词在从句中 文化的不同,表达他关于文化交流的观点。故 作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。 选D。 9. to build 考查动词不定式。advise sbto do sth 7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,何请恒认 建议某人做某事。 为艺术是文化的载体。故选B。 10. be needed 1 考查被动语态。分析句子结构可 8.A 标题归纳题。根据第一段和第三段中的 知,felt后为that引导的宾语从句;在该宾语从 "Chinese and Western ... learn from each 句中,theseweapons是主语,“might other.”可推知文章介绍了加拿大华裔艺术家何 (need)”为谓语,theseweapons与need构成被 请恒通过他的艺术作品向世界传递爱与和平。 动关系,应用被动语态;might后跟动词原形,故 因此文章标题应该是“一个为世界而心跳的艺术 填be needed. 家”。故选A。 II.[语篇解读] 作业(六) 这是一篇记叙文,讲述了男孩格 伦在意外中失去了行动能力,最终通过坚持和决心 [层级1 基础知识自测] 恢复了站立的能力的故事。 I. 1. restoration; maximum 2. precious 1.C 句意:在一个寒冷的早晨,有人误将煤油桶装 3. modest 4. antique 5.essay 6. Nonetheless 满了汽油,灾难发生了。deliberately故意地; 7. painstaking 8. courtyard secretly秘密地;mistakenly错误地;cautiously II. 1. from 2. originating 3. preservation 4.on 谨慎地。根据下文“filledthe kerosene container 5. associated 6. ambitious 7. up 8. comprised withgasoline”可知,有人误将煤油桶装满了汽 9.to 10.at 油,故选C。作业(五) Section II Using language 层级基础知识自测 5.不要难过。最重要的事情是我们必须从我们的 错误中吸取教训,然后继续前进。 I.单句语法填空 Don't be sad. 1. We didn't set out; it was we and move on. wanted to wait until our mother came back. III.用语篇练语法 2. What scientists want to figure out is Why do many people like drinking water from constant exposure to animals can help people plastic bottles? Some people think that's 1. effectively reduce their stress. it is healthy and clean. Others drink bottled 3. One reason why he has been promoted is water because it's convenient - you can carry it he knows well how to get along with others. around with you. In hot countries, summer is ofter 4. I think that accepting failure is 2. we people buy bottles of cold water. need to do first before we succeed eventually. However, the truth is 3. using 5. The traditional view is we sleep lots of plastic bottles is not a good idea. First of all,oil is 4. because our brain is"programmed" to make us we need a lot to make doso. plastic products. If we reduced the number of 6.-Do you think it wise of Chinese mothers to try bottles we use, we wouldn't need so much oil. to do everything for their children? Plastic bottles also pollute the environment, which -No, that's. is5. they are mistaken. we human beings live and work. If 7. The problem we need to solve now is we reused all our plastic bottles, we wouldn't need we can get enough funds to finish the project. so much space for rubbish dumps. But in some 8. Alex didn't know how to repair the engine, but countries, people don't reuse much of plastic. They he managed it trial and error. reuse only a small amount. The rest becomes 9. Even though they appeared to have a very strong rubbish on land and in rivers and seas. These are argument against my view, I wouldn't back 6. we shouldn't use so many plastic and I eventually showed them that bottles. their conclusions were wrong. So next time you want to throw away a plastic 10. Most successful figures spend half an hour or bottle into a litter bin, stop and think. Reusing it will be 7. more on newspapers, magazines and other you will help the books a daily basis. environment. Go green! The point of going green is II.完成句子 8. you can make a difference to the 1.你说他不诚实。在这一点上我不同意。 world. You say that he is dishonest, and 层级②素养能力提升 2.今天早上我上学迟到了,因为昨晚我熬夜到太晚 I. 阅读理解 I was late for school this morning. A last night. In 2015, Professor Zhenyi. Wang who 3.坚持不懈是一种品质,这是做好任何事情所需 specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia 要的。 (APL)(急性早幼粒细胞白血病),receivedaletter Perseverance is a kind of quality and of thanks from America. The writer of the letter was Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once 4.只有当全家一起度假的时候,我才不会去想工作 suffered from APL but was cured with all-trans 上的事情。 retinoicacid(ATRA)(全反式维甲酸),a The only time I really stops thinking about work treatment developed by Wang and his medical team. 2 ·英语·选择性必修 第三册(配WY版 Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been 3. What does the underlined word "verified" in devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia. He Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Denied. received the country's highest honor in science and B. Assessed. technology in 2010. C. Predicted. D. Confirmed. Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired 4. What is the best title for the text? by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career A. The application of ATRA in medicine as a child. His grandmother's death B. A doctor with the human touch caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve C. The Chinese cure for APL patients to fight against diseases and rescue patients. With D. A lifesaver with remarkable honor outstanding academic performance, Wang became a B doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital. "I'll be there in a few minutes. I'm playing a In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts game with a friend,a guy named Scuzzball,"my gave Wang inspiration to study how leukemia cells 15-year-old son shouted from his room."Oh, what could become normal. His research didn't progress is Scuzzball's real name?”I asked. "I have no as expected, though. In 1983, another research idea,”he said."Where is he from?”I continued. paper shed light on his study. As the paper He responded,"I think somewhere in Canada.Oh. suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-Retinoic wait, it doesn't even matter because Scuzzball just Acid, white blood cells in patients with APL coul left the game and he has been replaced with a robot." become normal. Considering the difficulties and "Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence?" high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis “It doesn't matter, Dad. It happens all the time! Retinoic Acid, Wang's team decided to replace that The game continues.” My son doesn't mind ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its playing with a person or a robot, which is typical positive effect after several months' experiments. of gamers these days. I wonder whether the face In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with five-year-old patient. It turned out to be successful. will be lost by our children. After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually Aristotle, a great thinker and educator, has made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL. pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed To make sure every APL patient could afford but also easily abandoned because such bonds are the medicine, Wang has not patented his research fragile. Deep friendship, by contrast, is when you result to date."One cannot be a real doctor if one care for your friend for his sake, not for any does not have expertise in medicine."Wang said in benefit you can get. This is selfless friendship. You an interview."However, without a kind heart,a can have only a couple of these friends because skilled doctor may cause harm to patients." they require lots of time and effort. You must make Having worked in the field of hematopathology sacrifices for each other. (血液病理学)for over 70 years,Wang has been Presence in friendship requires "being with" well recognized for his remarkable contribution to and"doing for". Perhaps the most defining feature saving lives. of deep friendship is"doing for", as my friend has 1. Why did Mrs, Giandomenico write a letter to my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick. Professor Wang? Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real A. To ask for medical suggestions. sacrifices. But it is unclear why online "friends" B. To share her battle against APL. would bother to do the hard work of friendship. C. To express her appreciation. When I asked my students whether they had people D. To update information about her treatment. in their lives who would bring them soup when 2. What increased Wang's determination to become they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age a doctor? question and said they'd just order soup online. A. His grandmother's death. Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so B. His great academic achievement that people do not join in example case of friendship. C. The inspiration from foreign experts like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc. D. The experience of a family friend. In this way, digital life produces false friendships. 14 5. How does the author lead in the topic of the text? Your attempts to become"good" for A. By quoting mottos. everyone will turn into nothing but new worries. B. By presenting a conversation. stresses, and problems. Successful people do not C. By introducing a game. concentrate on the quantity of people to please D. By showing robots' storage data but worry about their quality and focus on 6. What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3? developing friendships with people they really care A. Selfish friendship. about. B. Selfless sacrifices in life. A. Do not wait for the "right time" to do anything. C. The formation of shallow friendship. B. Do not let others decide what "success”is D. The meaning of deep friendship. for you. 7. What does the author want to tell his students in C. Successful people do not just accept any new paragraph 4? information to be true. A. Strong bonds are formed easily. D. As far as we all know, it's impossible to please B. Ordering food online is convenient all the people who surround us. C. Robots will have our back in trouble E. Successful people never ignore or avoid problems. D. Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices no matter how big and awful they seem. 8. What is the text mainly about? F. If you want to be successful, do not let others A. Digitalized friendship. force their explanation of success on you. B. The benefits of digital life G. Try to feel comfortable with the reality and C. Face-to-face communication. accept the fact that your future can't be predicted. D. The sacrifices of online friends III. 语法填空 II.七选五 Albert Einstein was one of 1. Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Successful greatest scientists in the world. He developed many Are you a happy person? How often do you theories and ideas. These theories contributed greatly think of reasons why everyone around you is 2. people's understanding of the universe. successful though they are not better than you in Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, general? What is the problem? Here are some on March 14, 1879. He did not do well in school. things you should stop doing to be successful. but he was 3. (interest) in mathematics and science. While at college, he studied physics Different people may explain " success" in and math. After graduation, he worked in a different ways: some of them measure it by money; government office. At the same time, he continued others measure it by positive changes to people studying physics on 4. (he) own. around them and the world in general. 2 Don't In 19o5 Einstein caused a stir by 5. worry about what other people think but value (publish) five major research papers. One of these what makes you happy. papers contained 6. (complete) new ideas · Do not believe anything without questioning about the "properties" of light. Einstein 7. it. (receive) the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, 3 They are critical thinkers, and they mainly for the work in this paper. understand that we all are dominated by our prejudices. In another paper, Einstein put forward the so they will always question new information. Special Theory of Relativity, 8. changed · Do not worry about all unpredictable things how scientists thought about energy and matter. that may happen to you. During World War II, Einstein advised the If you want to be successful, stop thinking United States 9. (build) nuclear weapons about everything that may happen to you. 4 Be (核武 器). He felt that these weapons might ready to improve and change your deeds and 10. (need) to defeat the Nazis. However. decisions when things suddenly don't go according after World War II Einstein tried to prevent any to your plan. future use of atomic weapons. · Do not care about what other people think Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on of you. April 18,1955. 15