Unit 4 作业(十二) Section Ⅲ Using Language-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册知能达标训练（人教版2019）

@ 2.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，提到马蒂娜的 了准备，说明远程志愿活动正在兴起。故A选项“远程 故事为了显示这个项目的巨大影响。 志愿活动正在兴起”符合语境，故选A。 3.A推理判断题。根据第四段可知，拉皮埃尔慷慨：5，G上文提到远程工作对于那些正在经历职业中断、间 善良。 隔年或退休生活的人来说是一个很好的志愿机会，故G 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，从拉皮埃尔的话 选项“它对任何年龄、各行各业的人开放”符合语境，故 可推断出：众人拾柴火焰高。 选G。 Ⅲ.【语篇解读】新闻报道。文章介绍了为痴呆症患者及 【语篇解读】说明文。文章介绍了加拿大的一项研究发：其看护者提供社交机会的勿忘我咖啡馆。 现：从事家务劳动有助于增加老年人大脑的容量，有助于 :1.began考查一般过去时。根据in the summer of2015 预防老年痴采。 可知，设空处所在句描述的事情发生在过去，应用一般 5.B细节理解题。根据第一段“Simple household chores 过去时，故填began。 (家务)could help prevent dementia(痴来症)by :2.that which考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语 boosting our brain size,a new study claims.."可知，家务： 从句，指代a place,且在从句中作主语，故填that或 活可以增加脑容量，从而有助于预防痴采。故选B。 which。 6.D推理判断题。根据第二段可知，从Koblinsky这段 ;3.stages考查名词复数。stage为可数名词，意为“阶 话中我们可知，新研究首次表明，做家务也是一种锻炼 段”，且其前有early to middle修饰，应用其复数形式， 方式，对大脑也可能有积极影响，因此该研究可能会鼓 故填stages。 励老年人做家务。故选D。 :4.completely考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰social, 7.C主旨大意题。根据第三段，尤其第一句“The non-judgmental,.应用副词，表示“完全地”，故填 researchers looked at the links between household completely chores,brain volume and cognition in a group of66:5.suffering考查动词-ing形式。设空处作后置定 cognitively healthy older adults between 65 and 85 years 饰those,且those与suffer之间为逻辑上的主谓关系， of age.”可知，本段主要讲的是研究的过程。故选C。 应用动词-ing形式，故填suffering。 8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As a next step, :6.with考查介词。communicate with sb为固定搭配，意 the researchers would like to assess household physical 为“与某人沟通”，故填with。 activity more objectively using wearable technology. :7,was brought考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据in With additional funding,they could also plan controlled 2008可知，设空处所在句描述的是发生在过去的事情， trials with the aim of increasing individuals'household 应用一般过去时，且主语which(指代the Alzheimer's activity and studying brain changes over time..”可知，a研： 究者想要改进他们的研究。 Cafe concept)与bring之间为被动关系，应用被动语态， Ⅱ.【语篇解读】说明文。文章主要说明了如何从事网上 故填was brought. 志愿者服务。 8.to have考查动词不定式。此处为“for+名词+todo 1.E本句起承上启下的作用，前一句讲了追求梦想的限 结构作表语，应用动词不定式，故填to have。 制，后一句讲了online volunteering的好处，后句的lt指 :9.powerful考查形容词。设空处作定语，修饰project, 代online volunteering。故E选项“网络志愿服务是一 表示“有影响力的”，故填powerful。 种创新的方式”符合语境，故选E。 I0.the考查冠词。最高级前面常加the,表示“最 2.F本句承接上文说明可以做很多事情改变参加志愿 的”，故填the。 者的方式。且空后面的句子“You can help..,.”是对F 作业（十二） 项的举例说明。故F选项“你可以做很多事情来产生影 [层级1基础知识自测 响”符合语境，故选下。 I.1.deserved 2.relayed 3.criteria 4.prayed 3.C上文讲述做网上志愿者没有额外的旅行花费，故C: 5.resigned 6.tune 7.circuit 8.plug 选项“你所需要的只是一台能上网的电脑”符合语境，故：Ⅱ.L,it2.lately3.contracted4.discussing/tobe 选C discussed 5.from 6.praying 7.is 8.that 4.A根据后文可知，后文提到了微志愿服务有一种增长 Ill.1.I feel greatly privileged to deliver a speech on 的趋势，它为远程志愿者在更加数字化的时代工作作好 2.Not only do Chinese people help them 27 ⊙ 3.We take it for granted that regulation..in the sharing economy.”可知，对共享经 4.who contract these diseases 济的批评之一主要是共享服务提供者往往会递避政府 5.deserve spreading and praising. 监管，从而引发各种问题。 IV.1.development 2.as 3.sent 4.are 5.natural 7,A细节理解题。第五段的首句为主旨句，提出对共享 6.that/which 7.running 8.does 9.was invented 经济的另外一个担忧就是在线平台共享的信息往往会 10.helping 引发种族或者性别歧视，接着分析了导致这种歧视的 [层级2素养能力提升] 原因。 I. 8.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“companies within A this economy have..about buyers and sellers"可知，为 【语篇解读】记叙文。本文主要讲述了旧金山湾区捷运 了避免共享经济领战的歧视现象，公司承诺将限制提供 系统的首席通讯官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特根据车站乘客的 与买卖双方有关的信息。 蜀求启动阅读亭项目，以便改善乘客的体验。 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】记叙文。文章讲述了作者父亲是一名成 L.C推理判断题。题干中的kiosk在第二段“there's a: 功的企业高管，父亲的成就给我留下了深刻的印象，我把 kiosk for that'"中首次出现，句中的“that”指代文章第一 他视为一个很好的榜样。 段中的“but many of us still like to go old school and1,B句意：我已经习惯了他的晋升，从剩总栽到执行副总 read something printed'”,即很多人仍然喜欢选择传统： 裁再到高级执行副总裁，等等。根据“from vice 方式，读一些印刷的东西。所以为了满足乘客需求， president to executive vice president to senior executive BART启动了阅读亭项目，故选C。 vice president,and so on.”可知，这是工作职位的晋升。 ;2.B根据“viewed him as a wonderful role model..”可知， 2.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story" 父亲工作上有成就给我留下了深刻的印象。 和“You choose which length you want'”可知，你可以根 :3.C根搭“when my father got annoyed with me'”可知 爸爸生我的气，这让我很惊讶。 据自己想要的长度选择1分钟、3分钟或者5分钟阅读 :4.A根据“Tina L.Seelig,President..”可知，卡片上 时长的故事，即阅读亭里的故事是按长度分类的，故 写者。 选B。 :5.C根据“after I showed him one of my new business 3.A细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“we do a call to cards,.”可知，我打印自己的名片。 artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest" :6.A根据“Tina L.Seelig,President,.”可知，这是我对 和“as of right now,we've received about 120 自己职位的任命。 submissions'”可知，特罗斯特号召艺术家们提交故事参 :7.D根据“when my father got annoyed with me”可知， 加比赛，并且目前为止收到了大约120份参赛作品，所： 一直被提拔的爸爸对孩子自己职位任命的想法感到不 以她是在组织故事比赛，故选A。 高兴。 4.D观，点态度题。根据第七段内容“Trost thinks so.”和 :8.D极据“his mentality(心态)time and time again”可 第八段中的“So I absolutely think we will get more 知，作者经常遇到爸爸的这种心态。 riders just because of short stories'”可知，特罗斯特完全 ,:g.C根据“What makes you think you can write a book 相信他们会因为短故事收获更多乘客，故选D ”可知，这个朋友不能想到作者没有上级批准的情况下 女 承担这样一个项目。 【语篇解读】说明文。文章讲述了共享经济的定义、发展 l0.C根据“I,on the other hand,felt confident I could 及其问题。 doiL.”可知，作者没有上级批准的情况下承担这样一 5.D推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要介： 个项目，这是朋友不能想到的。 绍共享经济如何将闲置资产转变为可共享的服务，：ll.A根据“What makes you think you can write a Airbnb的模式就是将屋主的闲置房间重新利用起来，： book?”可知，写一本书不容易。 作者提到有关Airbnb的数据就是为了阐释将实物资产 I2.D根据“I put together a detailed proposal,wrote 转变为服务的概念。 some sample chapters,shopped it around,.and"可知， 6.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Criticism of the 经过一系列准各，最后赢得了合同。 sharing economy often involves ..the associated l3.A根据“Over time”可知，随着时间的推移，作者越来 costs.""Another concern is that lack of government 越意识到人们可以分为两类。 28 l4.B根据“and others wait to be pushed forward by:3.D段落主旨大意题。本段主要介绍了两个动物经过 outside forces.”可知，一些人从自己的内部寻找动力。 Farber的治疗后，病情有所好转。由此可知，本段主要 l5.D根据“instead of waiting for someone to hand them 介绍了Farber的“针灸，按摩疗法、草药和传统西医治 to you'”可知，抓住机会比等着别人把机会递给你有很 疗相结合”的整体医学所取得的效果。A项“按摩疗法 多好处 的步骤”：B项“兽医工作的复杂性”：C项“罕见动物疾 病示例”。故选D。 UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER 4.A写作目的题。根据题千中的“American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association”可将答案定位至最后 作业（十三） 一段。“Since1982..grown from30 to over700.”具 [层级1基础知识自测] 体解释上文中的“the past”,所以作者提到该组织是为 I.1.detective 2.wrist 3.bridegroom 4.drawers 了证明前文的“he may be right'”,即为了证明Farber的 5.accountant 6.profiles 7.debts 8.aptitude 观，点是正确的。B项“为了强调它的重要性”：C项“为 ll.1.lawyer 2.studying 3.participant 了费扬兽医”；D项“为了提侣动物保护”。故选A。 4.had attended 5.in 6.spied 7.accountants 8.to B Ill.1.bouncing around in their heads is the most suitable 【语篇解读】说明文。文章主要介绍了随着数字经济的 for them 蓬勃发展，越来越多的年轻求联者更喜欢弹性工作。 2.a head start 5.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Facing the growing 3.the best time to learn a foreign language digital economy...are expressing a stronger willingness 4.When asked for flexible work relations with companies”可知，蓬勃 5.that was because The reason why was that the : 发展的数字经济有助于弹性工作。故选A。 6,C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，为了迎合年 reason was that 轻人的工作偏好，越来越多的公司开始在招聘广告中加 IV.1.an 2.to think 3.effective 4.that/which 入“弹性工作模式”。因此，公司相应地提供职位来应对 5.completing 6.is given 7.education 8.conclusion 年轻人的工作偏好。故选C。 9.clearly 10.about 7.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中“which requires the [层级2素养能力提升] companies to establish a sound work delivery standard to help evaluate employee performance(这就要求公司 建立一个完善的工作交付标准来帮助评估员工的表 【语篇解读】记叙文。美国兽医William Farber因背痛 现)”可知，李强给出的建议是公司应该制定合理的规 尝试中医针炎治疗，之后病症得到缓解，然后他把针灸、按 则。故选C。 摩疗法，草药和传统西医治疗相结合用于治疗动物。 8.B标题归钠题。由全文内容，尤其是第一段可知，文章 1,A观点态度题。根据第一段中的“some of his: 主要讲的是随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，越来越多的年轻 coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods" 求职者更喜欢弹性工作。故文章最好的标题是“求职者 可知，Farber的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的治疗 : 更喜欢弹性工作”。故选B 方法，再结合第一段中Farber的话“I am not crazy”可 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】记叙文。作者在担任儿童排球教练时， 知，Farber的一些同事认为他很奇怪。B项“他严格”； 通过自己的努力，帮助一个名叫Bian的孩子打开心结， C项“他勇敢”：D项“他粗鲁”。故选A 并使他融入团体之中。 l.C根据上文中的“I once coached..the Special 2.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He became Olympics”可知，作者是排球教练。再结合语境和常识 interested in alternative treatments..What worked on 可知，此处指热身后，孩子们开始了他们的活动。 a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients." :2.B根据第四段中的“I saw Brian come out of his 可知，Farber尝试针灸治疗之后背痛得到了缓解，所以 corner'”可以推知，Brian喜欢坐在角落里。 他认为针灸治疗似乎也可以应用到宠物身上，也就是 3.D根据下文中的“Brian often and wouldn't 说他自己作为病人从针灸治疗中获得了益处，所以决 communicate with others'”可以推知，Brian不愿与他人 定把针灸应用到宠物身上。A项“他在大学受过针灸 交流，所以在他人进行活动时，他并不参与其中，而是 训练”；B项“他受到了另一位兽医的启发”：D项“他想 : 时而看其他孩子，时而把头放在膝益上。alternate 为宠物主人省钱”。故选C。 “(使)交替”符合语境。 29作业(十二) Section III Using Language 层级 基础知识自测 II.单句写作(演讲稿之中国对外国的援助) I.单词拼写 1.我倍感荣幸发表有关中国医生帮助外国穷人和 残疾人的演讲。 1. The whole team was on good form and (应得)thewin Chinese doctors' helping the poor and 2. The game was (转播) bysatellite to the disabled in foreign countries. audiences all over the world 2.中国人不仅帮助他们建医院,而且他们给当地的 3. Universities choose students based on not only 医生提供咨询和培训。(倒装) the results of the entrance exam, but also other (标准). build I a hospital but also they provide 4.I (祈祷) that nobody would notice my mistake. consultation and training for local doctors. 5. His parents were annoved to hear that he had 3.我们理所当然地认为人不会死于常见病。 people won't die (辞职)from the company. 6. As we got close to the large front porch, wind from some common diseases. bells played a calming (语调). 4.但是,患这些疾病的外国穷人由于缺乏药品将很 可能死亡。 7. It's a common problem, the one I'm asked abou (巡回). most when I'm on the lecture But foreign poor people 8. I used to go around and take every (插 will likely die for lack of medicine. 头) out at night. 5.总之,中国医生一直在做的善举值得传播和赞扬。 II.单句语法填空 In conclusion, the good deeds Chinese doctors 1. Some young people are self-centered and take have been doing for granted that others serve them. 2. I have caught a bad cold (late)and I'd IV.课文语法填空 rather I stayed at home instead of going While China has many areas that are still in need of 1. anywhere. (develop), Chinese people still 3. The correct decision we make will undoubtedly help people overseas in nearly every corner of the prevent ourselves from being world. Bingbing's mother has been working 2. (contract). a yolunteer consultant in Tanzania: 4. In my opinion, I think this plan deserves Africa, as a part of a medical team 3. ( send ) by the Chinese government. (discuss) further in the Many dangerous diseases which 4. later meeting. (be)rare in 5. Unfortunately, he contracted a serious illness, China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania which disabled him walking and And, while the country is quite beautiful and has speaking. much5. (nature) wealth, many of the 6. When he arrived, he saw some people sitting on people are quite poor and live without things the ground, (pray) for their relatives. we take for granted, such as 7. Not only his parents but also he _ (be) electricity,7. (run) water, cars and good going to attend the party to be held by Tom. transport systems, and supermarkets. Not only 8. 8.Now you have mastered the skills, you her mother help Tanzanians to build a are ready to make your dream come true. cardiac hospital but she also provides medical 39 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配RJ版) treatment and helps those with disabilities. “At the end of the day all transit agencies Besides, her team has given patients a new malaria right now are doing everything they can to improve (invent) in China, and treatment that 9. the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will this has saved many lives. Everyone deserves a fair get more riders just because of short stories,"she chance in life. Among all the things that we as says. Chinese citizens can be most proud of,10. And you'll never be without something to (help) others comes at the top of this list read. 层级②素养能力提升 1. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture. I.阅读理解 B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers' needs. (2024·新课标 II 卷)Do you ever get to the D. To reduce its running costs. train station and realize you forgot to bring 2. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? something to read? Yes, we all have our phones A. By popularity. B. By length. but many of us still like to go old school and read C. By theme D. By language. something printed. 3. What has Trost been doing recently? Well,there's a kiosk(小亭) for that. In the A. Organizing a story contest. San Francisco Bay Area,at least. B. Doing a survey of customers. “You enter the fare gates(检票口) and you'll C. Choosing a print publisher. see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a D. Conducting interviews with artists one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute 4. What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? story,”says Alicia Trost, the chief communications A. It will close down. officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid B. Its profits will decline. Transit-known as BART. "You choose which C. It will expand nationwide. length you want and it gives you a receipt-like D. Its ridership will increase. short story.” It's that simple. Riders have printed nearly The sharing economy is an economic model 20,ooo short stories and poems since the program defined as apeer-to-peer(个人对个人)based was launched last March. Some are classic short activity of getting, providing, or sharing access to stories,and some are new original works. goods and services that are often facilitated by a Trost also wants to introduce local writers to community-based online platform. local riders."We wanted to do something where we Sharing economies allow individuals and do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories groups to make money from underused assets(资 for a contest,"Trost says."And as of right now, 产). In a sharing economy, assets such as spare we've received about 12o submissions. The winning bedrooms can be rented out when not in use. In stories would go into our kiosk and then you would this way, physical assets are shared as services. be a published artist. " Data provided by the Brookings Institute detailed Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the the Airbnb's cost advantage over hotel space as country has been down the past half century, so homeowners make use of spare bedrooms, Airbnh could short stories save transit? rates were reported to be between 3o%-60% Trost thinks so. cheaper than hotel rates around the world The sharing economy has developed over the : 5. Why does the author mention Airbnb in past few years and it now serves as an inclusive paragraph 2? term that refers to a host of online economic A. To highlight the potential of renting spare transactions(交易) that may even include business bedrooms. to-business interactions. Other platforms that have B. To show the intense competition in the hotel joined the sharing economy include co-working industry. platforms that provide shared open workspaces,or C. To suggest the rapid development of the fashion platforms that allow individuals to sell or sharing economy. rent their clothes. D. To illustrate the concept of sharing physical ( economy Criticism of the sharing often assets as services. involves regulatory uncertainty. Unlicensed 6. What is one of the main criticisms of the sharing individuals offering rental services may not be economy according to the text? following local regulations or paying the associated A. Being subject to local regulations leads to costs. This could mean giving them an advantage higher costs. that enables them to charge lower prices. Another B. Individuals offering rental services charge concern is that lack of government regulation will higher prices. lead to serious abuses of both buyers and sellers in C. Sharing service providers avoid 1 government the sharing economy. This has been highlighted by regulation. numerous highly publicized cases like the unfair D. Cases of unfair treatment of ridesharing treatment of ridesharing contractors by the contractors are increasing. platforms. 7. How does the author explain discrimination in There is also a fear that the greater amount of the sharing economy? information shared on an online platform can create A. By analyzing the causes. racial and/or gender discrimination(性别歧视) B. By making comparisons. among users. This can happen when users are C. By giving historical examples. allowed to choose who they will share their homes D. By sharing personal experiences. or vehicles with, or because of statistical 8. What solution has been proposed in response to discrimination by algorithms(算 法)that select discrimination? users with characteristics such as poor credit A. Implementing stricter government regulations history or criminal records. B. Increasing racial and gender diversity among users. For example, Airbnb had to face racial C. Encouraging more users to share their homes or discrimination complaints from African-American Airbnb. and Latino would-be renters due to widespread D. Restricting access to data regarding both consumers user preference not to rent to these customers. As and suppliers. more data is presented and the sharing economy II.完形填空 keeps developing, companies within this economy (2024·滨州高二下期末)Before retiring,my have promised to fight discrimination by limiting father was a successful corporate executive. the availability of information to and about buyers Growing up, I got used to learning that he had andsellers. received 1 , from vice president to executive 41 ·英语·选择性必修 第四册(配RJ版) 1. A. increases vice president to senior executive vice president. B. promotions C. changes and so on, I was always impressed by my father's D. shifts 2 and viewed him as a wonderful role model. 2. A. strengths B. accomplishments Therefore,I couldn't have been more 3 C.perseverance D. patience when my father got annoyed with me after I 3. A. amused B. ashamed showed him one of my new business cards, 4 C. surprised D. moved “Tina L. Seelig, President."I had started my own 4.A.reading B. writing business and 5 my own business cards. My C. indicating D. illustrating father looked at the cards and said,"You can't just 5.A. sold B. delivered call yourself president. ”In his experience, I had to C. printed D. spread wait for someone else to promote me to a 6. A. appointing B. assigning leadership role and the thought of my 6 myself C. polishing D. shaping with that title 7 him. 7. A. puzzled B. amazed I have 8 his mentality(心态) time and time C. relieved D. upset again. Twenty years ago when I told a friend I was 8. A. weighed up B. backed down going to write a book, she asked, “what makes C. banked on D. come across you think you can write a book?" She couldn't 9. A.tolerate B. acknowledge 9 taking on such a project without the 10 of C. imagine D. confirm someone in a position of greater authority. I, on 10. A. vision B. reputation the other hand,felt confident I could do it. The C. approval D. passion task was certainly 11 ,but why not try?I put 11. A. ambitious B. meaningful together a detailed proposal, wrote some sample C. valuable D. absurd chapters, shopped it around, and 12 a 12. A. refused contract. B. appreciated C. took Over time, I've became increasingly 13 D. landed 13. A. aware B. afraid that people are divided into two categories. Some C. grateful look inside themselves for 14 and others wait D. accustomed 14. A. stability to be pushed forward by outside forces. From my B. motivation experience, there's a lot to be said for 15 C. satisfaction D. growth 15. A. missing opportunities instead of waiting for someone to B. witnessing C. pursuing hand them to you. D. seizing 42