朗朗晨读 Unit 4 Space Exploration-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步学习方案（人教版2019）

Unit 4 Space Exploration Section I Listening and Speaking Reading and Thinking Part1D篇章助读释疑 ·原文呈现 读文清障· SPACE:THE FINAL FRONTIER ①frontier n. 边境；国 “Are we alone?What's out there?”People 界；边远地区 have always looked up at the stars and wondered ②vehicle n. 交通工 about space.Today,scientists design vehicles to 具；车辆 carry astronauts into space to make important ③determined adj.有 discoveries.Space exploration has come a long 决心的；意志坚定的 way,and we now hope to discover other planets ④rocket n.火箭；火 1that are suitable enough to support life. 箭弹 ①句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词planets。 ⑤gravity n. 重力； Before the mid-20th century,most people felt 引力 travelling into space was only a dream that could ⑥satellite n.人造卫 never come true.However,scientists were 星；卫星 determined to realise that dream.2After many ⑦launch vt.&n. 发 experiments,they succeeded in making rockets 射；发起；上市 that could escape Earth's gravity.On 4 October ⑧orbit n.(环绕地球、 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by 太阳等运行的)轨道； the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. 势力范围 3Afterwards,the USSR focused on sending vt.&vi.沿轨道运行； people into space,and on 12 April 1961,Yuri 环绕…运行 Gagarin became the first person in the world to ⑨giant adj.巨大的； enter space.Over eight years later,on 20 July 伟大的n.巨人；巨兽； 1969,American astronaut Neil Armstrong 伟人 stepped onto the moon,famously saying,"That's ⑩leap n.跳跃；剧增； one small step for [a]man,one giant leapo for 剧变(leapt,leapt/ mankind."Following this,there were many leaped,leaped) more important space achievements.For example,on vi.&vt.跳过；跃过 46 5 September 1977,America's NASA space agency ①mankind n.人类 launched Voyager 1 to study deep space,and it still ②agency n.(政府的) transmits data to this day.And the International 专门机构；服务机构； Space Station(1998)has provided a continuous human 代理处 presence in space,with astronauts from many ③transmit vt. &.vi. different countries on board. 传输；发送 ②succeed in doing sth成功做某事，另外本句中的 ④data n.[pl.]资料； that引导定语从句，修饰先行词rockets。 数据 ③the first person..to enter space当名词被序数 ⑤on board 在宇宙飞 词或最高级修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 船上；在船上；在飞 1 Although scientists try to make sure 机上 nothing goes wrong,accidents can still happen. For example,all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, ⑥disappointment n. Challenger,and Columbia spacecrafts died during 失望；沮丧 their missions.( 6However,while such disasters ⑦desire n.渴望；欲望 brought much sadness and disappointment vt. 渴望；期望 the desire to explore the universe did not die. ⑧universe n.字宙；天 6This is because people believe in the importance 地万物 of carrying on space exploration despite the huge ⑨carry on继续做；坚 risks. 持干 ④Although引导的让步状语从句。 ⑩independently adv. ⑤while引导的让步状语从句。 独立地；自立地 ⑥This is because.,是because引导的表语从句。 ①spacewalk n,太空 China's space programme started later than 行走；太空行走的时间 those of Russia and the US,but it has made great ②jade n.玉；翡翠； progress in a short time.1 China became the 玉器 third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 47 July 2020,China sent Tianwen 1 to explore themodule n. 舱；组件； surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and 模块 then sent back lots of valuable information.And @signal vt.&ui.标志 from 2021 to 2022,China completed a number of 着；标明；发信号n.信 rocket missions to establish its own space station. 号；标志 In 2022,the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments,greatly furthering our understanding of the universe. ⑦句中to independently send.,.2003为动词不定 式作后置定语；when引导非限制性定语从句。 ⑧followed.,为过去分词短语作状语，being sent to the moon为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修 饰Jade Rabbit。 Ofurthering our understanding of the universe 动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。 The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficulties,scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. ⑩that will enable the...future是定语从句，其先 行词是discoveries.。 ·参考译文 太空：最后的边境 “我们是孤独的吗？外面还有什么呢？”人们总是仰望星空，想了解太 空。今天，科学家们研制出飞行器，将宇航员送入太空去寻求重要的发现。 太空探索已经取得了长足的进步，我们现在希望能发现足以支撑生命的其 他行星。 48 20世纪中叶之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。然 而，科学家下定决心要实现这个梦想。无数次实验之后，他们终于成功研制 出能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏 联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961 年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年后，美国宇 航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，说出了那句名言：“对 一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”此后，太空探索取得了 很多成就。例如，为了研究外太空，美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日 发射“旅行者一号”，该探测器至今仍在传回数据。国际空间站(1998)使得 人类能够持续在太空中开展工作，空间站的宇航员都来自不同国家。 虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。苏联“联盟11 号”、美国“挑战者号”和美国“哥伦比亚号”的宇航员们在执行任务时全部遇 难。这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，探索宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。这是 因为尽管风险巨大，人类还是坚信太空探索极为重要。 中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内取得巨大进步。 2003年，杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功环绕地球运行，中国成为世界 上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七 号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。 2020年7月23日，中国发射了“天问一号”去探测火星表面。它于2021年 2月到达（火星），然后发回了许多有价值的信息。2021年至2022年，中国完 成了多项火箭任务，建立了自己的空间站。2022年，梦天舱的发射标志着天 宫空间站的基本建成。这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的 实验，大大加深我们对宇宙的理解。 太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。很多都已制订计划，将进一步研究和 探索火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们仍希望能探索出许多更有 价值的发现，让人类在未来能更好地生存。 49 Part2①语言知识必背 I.阅读词汇·记牢 1.the selection procedure 选拔程序 2.180 centimetres in height 身高180厘米 3.a space rocket 一枚太空火箭 4.a remote frontier settlement 一个边远地区定居点 5.escape Earth's gravity 摆脱地球的引力 6.an electric vehicle 一辆电动车 7.a weather satellite 一颗气象卫星 8.a travel agency 一家旅行社 9.transmit data 传输数据 10.Shenzhou 13 spacecraft “神舟十三号”飞船 11.the first Chinese spacewalk 中国首次太空行走 Ⅱ.核心词汇·背会 第一组会写 1.astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人 2.data n.[pl.] 资料；数据 3.ongoing adj. 持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的 第二组会用 l.mental adj.精神的；思想的 The activity benefited both her mental and physical health. 这项活动有益于她的身心健康。 2.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 DHe was regarded as one of the most intelligent men in the world. 他被认为是世界上最聪明的人之一。 2These intelligent scientists have the intelligence to create the newest equipment. 聪明的科学家有能力制造最新的设备。 50 3.determine vt..查明；确定；决定 DNo matter what you determine to do,I would side with you. 不管你决定做什么，我都会支持你。 2We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and determination. 我们应该以勇气和决心克服我们的弱，点和恐惧。 (读后续写之主旨升华句) 3As a patient and determined teenager,he can do what he desires with patience. 作为一个有耐心和决心的青少年，他可以耐心地做他想做的事情。 (读后续写之人物描写) 4.launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市 So far,a lot of man-made satellites have been launched into the space. 到目前为止，已经向太空发射了许多人造卫星。 5.disappointment n.失望；沮丧 DTo our great disappointment,it rained on the day of the picnic. 使我们大失所望的是，野餐那天下起雨来了。 2 Our teacher told us that she was rather disappointed at the disappointing result of the test. 我们的老师告诉我们，她对令人失望的考试结果感到相当失望。 6.desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 DI had a strong desire to help and care for others. 我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的渴望。 2If you truly desire to achieve success in life,you must be willing to overcome difficulties on the way to reaching your goals and dreams. 如果你真的渴望在生活中取得成功，你必须愿意克服实现目标和梦想道 路上的困难。 T.independent adj..独立的；自立的 DChildren need to learn the necessary life skills to be independent. 孩子们需要学习必要的生活技能才能独立。 2 Teenagers are supposed to help with housework to develop their independence. 青少年应该帮助做家务，以培养他们的独立性。 51 8.signal vt..&i.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 DI waved to the waiter,signalling (to)him to bring the menu. 我向服务员挥手，示意他把菜单拿来。 2The driver rushed the injured to the hospital immediately,ignoring the traffic signals all the way. 司机匆忙把伤者送到了医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号灯。（动作描写） Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 l.mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上；思想上 2.intelligent adj..有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n.智力；才智； 智慧→intelligently adu.聪明地；明智地 3.determine vt..查明；确定；决定→determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→ determination n.决心；测定；果断 4.transmit ut..&vi.传输；发送→transmission n.发送；传递 5.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint v.使失望；使破灭→ disappointing adj,.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望；沮丧 6.independent adj..独立的；自立的→independently adu.独立地；自立地→ independence n.独立；自主；自立 V.重点短语·再现 1.carry on 继续做；坚持干 2.on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 3.in the hope of doing sth 抱着…的希望做… 4.so as to (do sth) 为了；以便 5.make sure 确定；确保 6.look up 仰望 7.come true 实现 8.focus on 专注于；聚焦 9.find out 查明；发现；搞清楚 10.lead to 导致 11.believe in 相信；信任 12.make great progress 取得巨大进步 52 构词规律 1.-al常用于名词之后构成形容词 universe->universal 宇宙的 agriculture->agricultural 农业的 globe→global 全球的 person->personal 个人的 region→regional 地区性的 2.“动词+介词on”构成的动词短语 carry on 继续做；坚持干 call on 号召；拜访 depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于 fix on 固定；集中于 take on 呈现；承担；雇用 V.重点句型·呈现 1.句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语 教材原句：Afterwards,the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为 世界上进入太空的第一人。 2.句型公式：while引导让步状语从句 教材原句：However,.while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment,the desire to explore the universe did not die. 然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望 未曾磨灭。 3.句型公式：because引导表语从句 教材原句：This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管风险巨大，人类还是坚信太空探索极为重要。 53 Section I Discovering Useful Structures Listening and Talking Reading for Writing Part1D篇章助读释疑 ·原文呈现 读文清障· IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE ①globe n. 地球；世 OF TIME AND MONEY? 界；地球仪 Countries around the globe are spending ②argue vt..&i.论 billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much 证；争辩；争论 further away.Some people argue that we should argument n.争论；争 stop wasting time and money exploring space. 吵；论点 Instead,we should feed the world's poor and find ③fatal adj.致命的； immediate solutions to other problems,such as pollution and fatal diseases.However,others 灾难性的 feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise ④shallow adj.肤浅 how exploring space helps us. 的；浅的 ①whether...or..无论…还是…，作状语。 ⑤result in导致；造成 ②which引导定语从句修饰先行词view;how引 导宾语从句作realise的宾语；动词-ing形式 result from exploring space在从句中作主语。 由…产生 Firstly,exploring space has already made a ⑥pattern n.模式；图 difference in the fight against world hunger.It has directly resulted in5 the many satellites that now 案；模范 orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record ⑦transmit vt. &.vi. data on land and weather patterns.Then the data 传输；发送 is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After ⑧ analysis n. (pl. careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful analyses)(对事物的) recommendations and advice for farmers.3As a result,space-based science has helped farming in 分析；分析结果 its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's ⑨as a result所以；结 increasing population. 果（是） 54 ③in its efforts to grow..为了做成…，在句中 ⑩ high-end adj. 高 作状语，其中不定式短语to grow.·,作后置定语修 端的 饰efforts. 监视器； Secondly,space exploration has already ①monitor n. promoted technological improvements that benefit 监测仪 us all.High-end products around the world are vt. 监视；监测；监控 made to a higher standard now because of 12 regularly adv. 经 advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.For 常；定期地 example,space technologies have helped the regular adj.定期的； research and development of different types of 经常的；正常的 new material.They have also helped companies ⑧foam n.泡沫橡胶； make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today,space technologies are 泡沫 widely used in all kinds of industries,and everyday ④pillow n. 枕头 products,such as memory foam pillows and ⑤smartphone n.智能 smartphone cameras,are changing our lives. Finally,sending astronauts into space has 手机 helped people to think about the world's problems ⑥resource n. 资源；财 and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing 力；物力 pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea ⑦limited adj.有限的 made people realise that our planet's resources are limited.5In order to provide forsuch a rapidly ⑧provide for sb提供 increasing population,scientists are trying to find 生活所需 other planets that could one day be our new ©in closing最后 home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.In the future, humans may live on both planets. ④动词-ing形式Seeing pictures..在句中作主 语；that引导宾语从句，作realise的宾语。 ⑤In order to...作目的状语；that引导定语从句， 修饰先行词planets。 In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Therefore,it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems. 55