第1章 第2节 句子的分类和强调句型-【高考零起点】2025年新高考英语总复习教用课件（艺考）

第一章　高中英语入门训练 第二节　句子的分类和强调句型 英语 在英语中，根据句子结构的不同，句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 一、简单句 1. 只包含一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都是只由单词或短语构成的句子称为简单句。 2. 简单句的五种基本句型如下： (1)主语—谓语(S—V)。如： It is raining all the time. 雨一直在下。 She hasn't arrived by now. 她到现在都还没有到。 He stopped to drink after half an hour's running. 他跑了半小时后停下来喝水。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 (2)主语—谓语—宾语(S—V—O)。如： I sang a song. 我唱了支歌。 I want to see the sea. 我想看海。 She saw herself in the mirror. 她在镜子里看到了她自己。 Last weekend our class organized a social practice activity. 上周末，我们班级组织了一次社会实践活动。 I visited many places of interest with my family last week. 上周，我和我的家人参观了许多名胜古迹。 She practices her oral English every morning. 她每天早上都练习英语口语。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 (3)主语—系动词—表语 (S—V—P)。如： She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。 His wish is to become a pilot. 他的愿望是成为一个飞行员。 With spring coming, the weather becomes warmer and warmer. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和。 The problem still keeps difficult. 这个问题仍然很难。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 (4)主语—谓语—间接宾语(人)—直接宾语(物)(S—V—IO—DO)。如： He gave her a book. 他给了她一本书。 Online courses gave us a chance to study at home. 线上课程给我们提供了一个在家学习的机会。 Modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life. 现代技术在生活中给我们带来了方便和舒适。 上述下划线部分为间接宾语，波浪线部分为直接宾语。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 (5) 主语—谓语—宾语—宾补(S—V—O—C)。 I don't want anyone to cheat me. 我不想任何人欺骗我。 For some reason, she made this company the first choice. 出于某种原因，她把这家公司作为首选。 I can see one leaf falling. 我能看到一片树叶正在下落。 上述下划线部分为宾语补足语。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 二、并列句 1. 由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起的句子称为并列句。并列连词之前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。 2. 常用的并列连词有and, but, or, so, yet, while等。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列关系。 ①He likes playing football and he plays well. 他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。 ②It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。 ③Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema. 现在你可以去休息或者去看电影。 ④You must tell the truth or you will be punished. 你必须说实话，否则会被惩罚。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 ⑤The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months, yet he couldn't find any work. 这个工人在纽约找工作已有几个月之久，但是仍然没有找到。 ⑥Some people waste food, while others haven't got enough. 有些人浪费粮食，而有些人吃不饱。 但是有时为了使句子清晰明了，后面部分往往省略跟前面相同的主语，而只连接词或词组。 I like dancing and singing. 我喜欢跳舞和唱歌。 I like action movies but don't like thrillers. 我喜欢动作电影，但是不喜欢惊悚电影。 You can stay at home, or go fishing with us. 你可以待在家里，或者跟我们一起去钓鱼。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 三、复合句 由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子叫做复合句。在复合句中，主句和从句不是平行并列的关系，而是主从关系。复合句包括含有定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的主从复合句，本书将在第十至十二章依次讲述，本节不再赘述。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 四、强调句型 “It is＋被强调部分＋that...”是英语中用得最多的一种强调句型，“被强调部分”可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以与who互换。例如，对于句子“I bought this car in that shop last month.”，如果将其中的主语、宾语和状语分别进行强调，可变换成以下句式： It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语) It was this car that I bought in that shop last month. (强调宾语) It was in that shop that I bought this car last month. (强调地点状语) It was last month that I bought this car in that shop. (强调时间状语) 第一章　高中英语入门训练 强调句型的一个重要特征是如果将It is和that从句子中去掉，剩下的部分仍是一个完整的句子(第二个句子较为特殊，去掉强调结构后，将宾语还原。句子结构也完整，句中不缺少成分)。 各级考试中，强调句型常隐藏于疑问句中，我们要善于辨析。如下列疑问句都隐藏了强调句型： Is it Tom who answered the telephone？是汤姆接的电话吗？ Was it your brother that you met in Beijing? 你在北京遇见的是你的兄弟吗？ Is it from advertising that a newspaper earns a lot of its profits? 报纸获利很多的部分是在于广告收入吗？ 第一章　高中英语入门训练 —When was it that he got married? 他是什么时候结婚的？ —On October 1st. 10月1日。 —Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday？昨天你是在哪里看到她的手机的？ —In the drawer. 在抽屉里。 前三句是一般疑问句，恢复为陈述句便很容易看出使用了强调句型。后两组对话相当于对“It was on October 1st that he got married.”和“It was in the drawer that I saw her cellphone yesterday.”两个句子进行提问与回答。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 “It is＋被强调部分＋that...”强调句型不能用来强调谓语，如果要强调谓语，可以在谓语前加助动词do来进行强调(其中do有一般现在时和一般过去时之分)。如： I do hope you'll stay for lunch. 我真的希望你能留下来吃午饭。 He does look tired. 他确实显得很疲倦。 He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过，但很快就回去了。 She did write to say thank you. 她的确写信向你道谢了。 第一章　高中英语入门训练 一、用and, but, or, so, because填空。 1. Open the door _______ let the cool air in. 2. There are few new words in the article, _______ we still couldn't understand it. 3. We finished the homework quickly ___________ it was very easy. 4. Be more careful, ______ you'll have an accident. 5. Claire wanted to buy a car, _______ she didn't have enough money. 6. He's always very careful, ______ he never makes any mistakes. 7. Take a raincoat with you, ______ you'll get wet. 8. The bell is ringing _______the lesson is over. 答案 and but because or but so or and 第一章　高中英语入门训练 答案 二、选择。 1. It was in our village _____ she's the first college student. A. that B. where C. when D. which 2. It _____ Madame Curie and his husband Pierre who discovered radium. A. is B. was C. are D. were A B 第一章　高中英语入门训练 答案 3. Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl? A. since B. as C. that D. he 4. What is it _____ his daughter and son need most? A. what B. which C. that D. if C C 第一章　高中英语入门训练 感谢聆听 $$