Unit1 Art Discover useful structures 动词不定式作表语课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Elective Book 3 Unit 1 Art Discover useful structure The Infinitive as a Predicate Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on Pages 2 and 3. Discuss with your partner the function of the italicised infinitives. 1. Perhaps the best ______ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. （Para.1, L3） 2. During the Middle Ages, the ________ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. （Para.2, L1） 3. In this work, Monet’s ______ was to convey the light and movement in the scene ... （Para.6, L8） 4. __________________________ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?” （Para.8, L4） purpose aim What they attempted to do way 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing - 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing - 否定式 not+以上形式 动词不定式的形式 一、动词不定式（短语）作表语的用法 三、动词不定式（短语）作表语和v.-ing（短语）作表语的区别 二、动词不定式（短语）作表语省略to的情况 1.主语是以aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, the way to do sth等为中心的名词词组时，或者以what引导的名词性分句表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容 一、动词不定式（短语）作表语的用法 (1)我的主意是从北边爬山。 (2)我们的计划是更好地利用这些材料。 (3)我的建议是问问你父亲对这件事的意见。 (4)鼓励孩子吃饭的最好方法是让他们参与计划和准备。 The best way to encourage your kids to enjoy meals is to involve them in the planning and preparing. My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. Our plan is to make better use of these materials. What I would suggest is to ask your father for his opinion on this matter. 5 ① I am to set out for China next week. 下周我要动身到中国去。 （安排） ② They are to marry next week. 他们将在下周结婚。 (安排) ③ Children are not to smoke. 儿童不准吸烟。 （禁止） ④ You are to have a face-to-face talk with them. 你应该和他们当面谈一谈。 （劝告） ⑤ You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. 要想成功，就必须有耐心，有毅力。 (愿望) 2. 动词不定式作表语表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止”等。 3．动词不定式 to let, to blame, to seek 等作表语时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 (1) Who is to blame for the fire？ (2) The house is to let. (3) Something is still to find out. 谁该对此次火灾负责？ 该房屋出租。 有些东西还有待查明。 [即时训练1]——单句语法填空 (1)I've had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is ____________(open) a café. (2)The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is ___________(relieve) worldwide starvation. (3)(2020·7月天津)One way to begin is _____________(answer) your own excuses. (4)What he hoped was _____________(admit) to Peking University. (5)His aim is __________find) out a cure for the lung cancer one day. to open to relieve to answer to be admitted to find 动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但在以下几种情况下可省略不定式符号to： 1．all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ► All we need to do is live each day with hope. 2．what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ► What I want to do is take a holiday right away. 3．(主句)主语被 only, first, one, last或形容词最高级修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。 ► In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper. 二、动词不定式（短语）作表语省略to的情况 当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。 [即时训练2]——补全句子 (1)All we have to do is ________________. 我们要做的就是按下按钮。 (2)The only thing I can do is____________________. 我唯一能做的就是陪伴你。 push the button keep you company 1．动词不定式(短语)和v.­ing(短语)作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致，即若句子的主语为v.­ing(短语)，则表语也应使用v.­ing(短语)；若主语为动词不定式(短语)，则表语也应使用动词不定式(短语)。 To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 三、动词不定式（短语）作表语和v.-ing（短语）作表语的区别 2．动词不定式(短语)和v.­ing(短语)作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外： (1)当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为时，通常用动词不定式(短语)作表语。 Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice. (2)若动词所表达的并不强调动作，而是表示主语的内容，则通常用v.­ing(短语)作表语。 My favourite sport is swimming. What I hate most is being laughed at. 三、动词不定式（短语）作表语和v.-ing（短语）作表语的区别 （1）动词不定式作表语：表示具体的、一次性的动作 （2）动名词作表语：表示抽象的、经常性的动作 Your task today is to wash the curtains. My favorite sport is running. 你今天的任务是洗窗帘。 我最喜欢的运动是跑步。 [即时训练3]——单句语法填空 (1)My job is ___________(look)after the old in the nursing home. (2)My job now is __________(take) care of my injured brother at home. (3)My hobby is___________(listen) to country music. looking to take listening Match the sentence halves and underline the key words of the subject in each sentence. Exercise adj.永久的;长久的 adj.纪念的 n.纪念碑;纪念品 做生意 n.会议 adj.谦虚的 v. 批评；指责；评价 adj.高尚的 adj.慷慨的 即时训练 1 ①Our plan is ______________________________. 我们的计划是下周完成这项工作。 ②My American teacher ________________________. 我的美国老师即将离开中国。 ③A great deal is ______________. 还有许多事要做。 ④The thing for us to do is _________________________. 我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。 ⑤What I want to do most in senior high is ________________________. 我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。 ⑥Few people I know seem _____________________________________. 在我认识的人中，似乎很少有人愿意或有时间做饭。 to finish the work next week is to leave China soon yet to do to have much desire or time to cook (to) accept the challenge (to) improve my English 即时训练2 1.You know，my goal is ___________ (lose) 150 pounds in the coming year. 2.Listen！The sound seems ________________ (come) from the jungle. 3.The boy was _____________ (blame)for what he had done. 4.One of the most damaging things a parent could do was ___________ (punish) their children for poor marks. 5.The purpose of education is _____________ (develop) a fine personality in children. 6.You appear ___________________ (travel) to quite a lot of places around the world. to lose to be coming to blame to punish to develop to have travelled $$