Unit 10语法--条件状语从句

Grammar for Unit 10 条件状语从句 1、 定义： 状语从句：在复合句中，由从句表示的状语叫做状语从句，在句子中起副词作用。 条件状语从句：由引导词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生。 注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态（或表示将来含义的），从句要用一般现在时、祈使句或情态动词[主将从现原则]。 2、 类型： 1. 由if引导的条件状语从句：表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如： If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam, you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面 If it rains, we will stop playing. / We will stop playing if it rains.如果天下雨，我们就不玩了。 2. unless conj.除非，若不，除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 3. as / so long as 只要 So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do. 只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。 *4. in case 万一、以防、如果 Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带着你的伞吧，以防下雨。 In case you need something, please don't hesitate to let me know. 万一你需要什么东西，请不客气地对我说。 *5. on condition(that)...在……条件下，从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保密。 *6. supposing conj. 如果，假如 Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting? 倘若下雨，我们的运动会还要继续举行吗? *7. provided conj.假如，除非，以……为条件 provided (that) +从句 He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。 三、条件状语从句中的省略： Come tomorrow if possible. 可能的话，明天来。 I will go instead of him if necessary. 有必要的话我会代替他去。 四、条件状语从句在虚拟语气中的使用： If I were you, I would invite him to the party. 如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。 练习： I. 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. If you ________ (feel) tired, you _______________ (have) to have a rest. 2. Where _______ he _________ (see) the film if he ________________ (have) time? 3. If there __________ (be) fewer trees, there _______________ (be) more pollution. 4. He _____________ (dress) more casually if he ________________ (not work) on weekends. 5. If Marcia _____________ (live) alone, she ___________________ (keep) a pet parrot. 6. Lana ________________ (buy) a new dress if the old one ____________ (be) out of style. 7. The twins ______________ (fight) if they_______________ (argue). 8. I ____________ (have) a bake sale if I _____________ (need) money for education. 9. Peter _____________ (send) me a beautiful souvenir if he ________________ (tour) Spain. 10. If Mr. Green ___________ (say) I am hard- working, my parents _________ (feel) glad. 11. I ____________ (go) to the beach if it________________ (not rain) this week. 12. __________they __________ (have) a match if the P.E. teacher _____________ (be) busy? 13. He _________ (write) a letter to his grandparents if he ______ (get) his report card this week. 14. If she ____________ (get) up late, she _____________ (not catch) the early bus. 15. Peter ___________ (major) in English if he __________ (pass) the exams in Peking University. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子： 1. 如果他到晚了会发生什么事情？ What _______________ if he ___________________? 2. 如果努力学习，你就会取得好成绩。 If you__________________, you ____________________. 3. 他如果看电视太久了，他的父母会不高兴。 If he __________________, his parents _____________________. 4. 如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。 Everyone ________________ if we _____________ a birthday party __________ him. 5. 如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。 If it ___________________ tomorrow, I ______________ go to the park _________ you. 6. 如果她睡过头了，就会旅游迟到的。 She __________________________ the trip if she ___________________. 7. 如果他有空，他会帮助你的。 If he _________________, he _________________ you. 8. 如果Tom考试不及格，他就没有机会上高中了。 Tom ______________________to go to high school if he _______________ the exams. 9. 你如果抄同学的作业就不能学好各门功课。 You ____________________ all the subjects if you _________________ homework. 10. 如果你不原谅他，他会很伤心的。 _________ you _______________, he _____________________. 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. If you _______ to the party, you’ll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going ( ) 2. I _______ her the answer if she ________ me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks ( ) 3. --- What are you going to do tomorrow? ---We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ________. A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain ( ) 4. Frank ______ a film if he’s free next Saturday. A. will see B. saw C. has seen D. see ( ) 5. Difficulties are nothing if we ______ not afraid of them A. will B. shall C. are D. do ( ) 6. We ______Beijing tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. A. are going to B. would C. shall D. will go ( ) 7. I’ll go to meet you, if I ______ free then. A. would be B. will be C. am D. was ( ) 8. I don’t like to be interrupted if I _________. A. speak B. will speak C. am speaking D. spoke ( ) 9. There is going to______ a sports meeting next week. If it ______, we’ll have to cancel it. A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains D. give; is going to rain ( ) 10. Be careful, if you ______ want to make mistakes. A. won’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. not ( ) 11. Work hard if you ______ to get a good mark. A. wanted B. wanting C. want D. will want ( ) 12. If you ______ a chance to study in a foreign country, just take it. A. getting B. had got C. will get D. get ( ) 13. ---I want to know if you______ to the party tomorrow. ---I will if I______ free. A. will come; am B. come; am C. will come; will be D. come; will be ( ) 14. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up. A. unless B. as C. if D. until ( ) 15. If he ______, I ______ go swimming alone. A. doesn’t come; will go B. won’t come; will go C. will come; won’t go D. is coming; don’t go ( ) 16. ---Do you know when he _________ back tomorrow? 　---Sorry, I don’t know. If he _________ back, I’ll tell you. A. comes, may come B. will come, will come C. comes, will come D. will come, comes *( ) 17. If he _________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow *( ) 18. I__________ to you party if I had time. A. go B. shall go C. will go D. would go ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$