内容正文:
北京版(六下)•期中复习讲练测•知识清单
Unit 4 What’s the weather like
第一部分 知识梳理
语音
在本单元的日常对话中,特殊疑问句 “What’s the weather like?” 读降调,用于询问天气状况。一般疑问句 “Is it summer now in Kunming?” 读升调,期待对方给予肯定或否定回答。在连读方面,如 “What’s it”,前词词尾辅音 [s] 与后词词首元音 [ɪt] 可连读。
必会单词
名词:weather(天气)、sun(太阳)、rain(雨)、wind(风)、season(季节)、weekend(周末)、Friday(星期五)、train(火车)、plane(飞机)、nose(鼻子)、fever(发烧)、rainbow(彩虹)、drop(水滴)、light(光)
动词:visit(参观;访问)、stay(停留;待)、travel(旅行)、feel(感觉)、catch(抓住;染上)、clean(打扫;清洁)、place(放置)、look(看)
形容词:sunny(晴朗的)、windy(有风的)、rainy(下雨的)、cool(凉爽的)、cold(寒冷的)、hot(炎热的)、clear(清晰的;晴朗的)、slow(慢的)、ill(生病的)、wet(湿的)
副词:sometimes(有时)、much(大量;非常)、so(如此;这么)
拓展单词
名词:cloud(云)、snow(雪)、storm(暴风雨)、umbrella(雨伞)、temperature(温度)、journey(旅行;旅程)、sick(病人)、headache(头痛)、throat(喉咙)、medicine(药)、mirror(镜子)、CD(光盘)
动词:shine(照耀)、scatter(散开)、bounce(反射)、absorb(吸收)、report(报告;汇报)、order(命令;订购)、remove(移开;去除)、touch(触摸;接触)
形容词:foggy(有雾的)、icy(结冰的)、dry(干燥的)、healthy(健康的)、different(不同的)
重点短语
1.in July and August(在七月和八月) 2.travel to...(去…… 旅行)
3.by train/plane(乘火车 / 飞机) 4.have a cold(感冒)
5.have a runny nose(流鼻涕) 6.get wet(淋湿)
7.make a rainbow(制造彩虹) 8.light from the sun(太阳光)
9.be made of(由…… 组成) 10.be absorbed(被吸收)
核心句型
1.询问天气状况的句型:What’s the weather like there?(那里的天气怎么样?)It’s sunny, and windy sometimes.(天气晴朗,有时有风。)
2.描述行程安排的句型:I’m going to visit Beijing.(我打算去北京游玩。)I’m coming early next month, and I’m going to stay in China for about six weeks.(我下个月月初来,并且打算在中国待大约六周。)
3.比较两地天气的句型:It’s cooler in Kunming than in Beijing right now.(现在昆明比北京凉爽。)
4.描述身体状况及原因的句型:I caught a cold yesterday. I have a runny nose, and a fever.(我昨天感冒了。我流鼻涕,还发烧。)I went to the cinema, and got all wet in the rain on my way home.(我去看电影了,在回家的路上被雨淋湿了。)
5.描述自然现象原理的句型:Rainbows are made of sunlight and water.(彩虹是由太阳光和水组成的。)When sunlight touches the drop of water, the light scatters and we see all the colours of the rainbow.(当太阳光接触到水滴时,光线就会散开,我们就能看到彩虹的所有颜色。)
第二部分 语法强化
语法1:现在进行时
1.构成形式:
① be going to + 动词原形:表示计划、打算做某事,强调事先的意图。在本单元中,“I’m going to visit Beijing.”(我打算去北京游玩。),通过 “be going to” 体现说话者已经有去北京游玩的计划。其中 be 动词会根据主语的人称和数进行变化,如 I am going to...,he/she/it is going to...,we/you/they are going to... 。
② will + 动词原形:表示将来会发生的动作或存在的状态,常带有 “意愿;临时决定” 的意味,也可表示预测。例如,“I think it will rain tomorrow.”(我认为明天会下雨。)这里用 will 表达对未来天气的预测。will 没有人称和数的变化,所有人称后都用 will。
2.用法区别:“be going to” 更侧重计划、打算,且常与表示将来的时间状语连用;“will” 则更强调说话时的临时决定或对未来的预测。比如,“I’m going to study hard next term.”(我下学期打算努力学习,是之前就有的计划);而当看到天空突然乌云密布,说 “It will rain soon.”(很快要下雨了),这是临时做出的预测。
3.一般疑问句与否定句:“be going to” 结构变一般疑问句时,将 be 动词提到句首;变否定句时,在 be 动词后加 not。例如,“I am going to play football.” 变为一般疑问句是 “Are you going to play football?”,否定句是 “I am not going to play football.” 。“will” 结构变一般疑问句时,把 will 提到句首;变否定句时,在 will 后加 not,可缩写为 won't。如 “He will go shopping.” 的一般疑问句是 “Will he go shopping?”,否定句是 “He won't go shopping.” 。
【新题特训】单项选择
( ) Look at the clouds. It ______ rain.
A. is going to B. will C. going to
解析:看到天上的云,判断要下雨了,这是基于当前迹象做出的推测,是有计划、有依据的,更适合用 be going to 结构。it 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,所以选 A。B 选项 will 在这里没有 A 选项那么贴合语境;C 选项缺少 be 动词,结构不完整。
第三部分 考点精练
一、选择题
1.Be careful not ______ the baby. ( )
A.wake B.to wake C.waking
2.It is so cold and rainy these days. You should be _______ not to catch a cold. ( )
A.careful B.beautiful C.wonderful
3.My parents and I _______ to Kunming this summer vacation. ( )
A.travel B.travelled C.will travel
4.—What did you do yesterday, Baobao? ( )
—I _______ to the cinema.
A.goes B.went C.am going
5.What are you ________ now? ( )
A.doing B.do C.does
6.What _______ you do last weekend? ( )
A.do B.did C.will
7.—Who’s ______, please?( )
—This is Guoguo ______.
A.to call, speak B.calling, speaking C.call, speaking
8.Tom is reading _________. ( )
A.book B.a books C.a book
二、填空题
1.My mum and I are going to to New York.
2.I like swimming in s .
3.You should be c not to catch a cold.
4.It’s r in Chongqing today, and will turn c tomorrow.
5.There are four clear s in Beijing.
三、匹配题
为下列句子选择正确的答语。
A.I was born in 2005.
B.I see some clouds and a rainbow.
C.Hold on, please.
D.I’d like to eat some fish.
E. I visited my grandparents yesterday.
1.May I speak to Tom? ( )
2.What did you do yesterday? ( )
3.What would you like to eat? ( )
4.When were you born? ( )
5.What do you see in the sky? ( )
四、判断题
Look, read and write “T” or “F”.
No one can change the weather. But if read the signs (征兆) correctly (正确地) around us, we can know how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries (世纪) and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather. Their joints(关节) ache. Some birds fly high if the fine weather is coming, but they fly near ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects (昆虫) which they are hunting fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle clearly at night, then fine weather will continue (继续). If a fog appears in the evening just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in color, then in the morning, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
( )1. We can change the weather if we read the signs correctly around us.
( )2. People have tried to make weather forecasting only in recent (最近的) years.
( )3. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, then the weather will become clear and fine.
( )4. If a fog appears in the evening just above a river, then the day will be warm.
( )5. Many people feel in their nose the coming of wet weather.
考点精练答案
一、1.B
【详解】句意:小心别吵醒婴儿。本题考查动词的形式。Be careful not to do sth.小心别做某事。故选B。
2.A
【详解】句意:这几天很冷还多雨。你应该______不要感冒。本题考查其他固定搭配,A小心的,B美丽的,C极好的,be careful小心,固定搭配,故选A。
3.C
【详解】句意:我和我的父母今年暑假将去昆明。本题考查动词的形式。A动词原形。B过去式或者过去分词。Cwill+动词原形,一般将来时。由时间状语 this summer vacation可知时态是一般将来时,结构是will+动词原形,故选C。
4.B
【详解】句意:—昨天你做什么了,宝宝?—我去电影院了。本题考查动词的形式。A一般现在时态,B过去式,C现在进行时态,be+现在分词。由时间状语yesterday可知时态是一般过去时态,动词应该是过去式,go的过去式是went,故选B。
5.A
【详解】句意为:现在你在做什么?现在进行时特殊疑问句结构:What+be动词+主语+现在分词? 故用doing。故选A。
6.B
7.B
8.C
【详解】句子想要表达的含义为:“汤姆正在看书。”看书read a book=read books,故选C。
二、1.fly
【详解】句意:我妈妈和我要坐飞机去纽约。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。根据图片可知是乘飞机去,fly to飞往,to后跟动词原形。故答案为fly。
2.summer
【详解】句意:我喜欢在夏天游泳。本题考查季节名词。根据句意,图片及首字母,可知单词为summer夏天,故答案为summer。
3.careful
【详解】句意:你应该小心别感冒。本题考查形容词的用法。根据句意及首字母,可知单词为careful小心的,形容词,做be的表语,故答案为careful。
4.rainy cloudy
【详解】句意:重庆今天下雨,明天将转多云。本题考查形容词的用法。根据句意,图片及首字母,可知单词分别为rainy下雨的,cloudy多云的,做is/turn的表语,故答案为rainy,cloudy。
5.seasons
【详解】句意:北京四季分明。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据句意,图片及首字母,可知单词为season季节,前面有four修饰,season用复数seasons,故答案为seasons。
三、1.C 2.E 3.D 4.A 5.B
【解析】1.句意:我可以和汤姆说话吗?选项C“请稍等。”句子匹配,故选C。
2.句意:你昨天做什么了?答语回答做的事情,选项E“我昨天去看望了我的祖父母。”句子匹配,故选E。
3.句意:你想吃什么?答语回答饮食,选项D“我想吃一些鱼。”句子匹配,故选D。
4.句意:你什么时候出生的?答语回答日期,选项A“我在2025年出生。”句子匹配,故选A。
5.句意:你在天空中看到了什么?答语回答看到的,选项B“我看到一些云和彩虹。”句子匹配,故选B。
四、1. F 2. F 3.T 4.T 5.F
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