Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Welcome-Reading基础知识跟踪检测练习 2024-2025学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

必修三 Unit4 Welcome-Reading基础知识跟踪检测练习 一、词性转换 1. dead adj.；________ vi. ___________ adj. 致命的；彻底的； 2. survive v. 幸存；生存;___________ n. 幸存； __________ n. 幸存者；生还者 3. broad adj. 宽的；广阔的；广泛的; ________ v. 拓宽；变宽；扩大; _________n. 宽度；幅度 4. intend v. 打算；想要；意指;___________n. 意图；目的；打算; ________ adj. 故意的；有意的 5. extract v. 提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出; ___________ n. 提取；抽取；拔牙；出身 6. herb n. 药草；香草；草本植物; ___________adj. 草药的；草本的 7. refer v. 涉及；参考；提到；查阅; _____________ n. 参考；参考书；提及；介绍信 8. experiment：n. 实验；试验; v. 做实验；进行试验; _____________adj. 实验的；根据实验的 9. limit n. 限制；限度；界限; v. 限制；限定;__________ n. 限制；局限性; __________adj. 有限的 10. contain v. 包含；容纳；控制；抑制_________ n. 容器；集装箱; ________ n. 控制；遏制；包含11. sufficient adj. 足够的；充分的; ________ n. 充足；自满；足量; _________adv. 充分地；足够地 ___________ adj.不够的，不充分的 12. wise adj. 明智的；聪明的；博学的；______ n. 智慧；才智；明智; _______adv. 明智地；聪明地。13. benefit n. 利益；好处；救济金; v. 有益于；得益; ________ adj. 有益的；有利的 14. conduct v. 管理；引导；指挥；表现;n. 行为；举止； _______n. 导体；售票员；领导者；管理人; __________adj. 传导的；传导性的；有传导力的。 15. illustrate v. 说明；表明；给…… 加插图；（用示例、图画等）解释; ________n. 说明；插图；例证；图解; ___________ adj. 说明性的；作例证的；解说的。 二、重点短语回顾 1. 从…… 中受益____________________- 2. 打算做某事 __________________ 3. with the intention of.. _______________ 4. 足够…… 用_____________________ 5. 局限于 _______________________ 6. 把…… 称作……________________ 7. 从…… 中提取__________________ 8. 克制某人的怒火 ________________ 9. in the broad daylight __________________ 10. 为了…… 的利益 ___________________ 11. through trial and error ____________________ 12. 推迟做某事 ___________________ 13. 加速 ____________________ 14 成功，奏效；达到目的 _______________ 15. conduct oneself ___________________ 三. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Travelling abroad during the summer vacation can greatly ________(broad) your horizons, allowing you to experience diverse cultures and enrich your life experience. 2.These comic books __________(intend) for teenagers sell well. 3. When writing your academic essay, you can effectively use this comprehensive book as a _______(refer) to support your arguments. 4. Our time for this project is extremely _________(limit), so we must carefully plan each step and make the best use of every minute. 5. ___________(sufficient) sleep not only affects students' performance in class but also has a negative impact on their overall health and mood. 6. We should always learn from the profound ________(wise) of the older generation. 7. Regular exercise is highly _________(benefit) to our physical and mental health, helping us stay fit and reducing stress effectively. 8. The juice __________(extract) from fresh fruits tastes much better than the bottled one. 9. The laboratory has a set of specialized ____________(contain) for storing dangerous chemicals safely. 10. The history book's vivid ___________(illustrate) of ancient battles provide a more immersive way to learn about the past. 四：单句语法填空 1. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China ________(receive) a Nobel Prize, _________(award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the ________(deadly) diseases in human history. 2. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly ___________(increase) chance of survival. 3. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu __________(study) medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. 4. After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine _________ she completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, __________(acquire) a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. 5. Tu's education was soon to prove very useful. In the 1960s, many people were ________(die) of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team ________ intended to find a cure for the disease. 6. Tu Youyou collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical _________(recipe) for malaria treatment and made hundreds of __________(extract) from different herbs. 7. When they failed to produce any __________(promise) results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 8. _________(inspire) by an over 1,600 -year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb _________ a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. 9. On 4 October 1971, after 190 _________(fail), she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. ___________, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. 10. Tu and her team managed to find solutions_________ the problem. 11. When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs ________(use) household water containers. 12. They worked day and night __________ their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. 13. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract _________(produce), however, they still faced another problem. 14. The trials on patients were likely ___________(postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. 15. _________(speed) up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 16. Finally the efforts of Tu and her team _________(pay) off. In November 1972, through trial and error, they __________(success) discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. 17. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu _________(benefit) about 200 million malaria patients ever since. 18. More than 40 years after its __________(discover), Tu was eventually awarded ________Nobel Prize for her work. 19. In her Nobel Lecture Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a _______(high) level. 20. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, _________(draw) on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines __________(benefit) to global health care. 21. In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou referred to the strengths of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and ________(point) out that there is great potential for future _________(advance) if scientists make good use of these strengths. 22. Their efforts to conduct research in both fields may finally pay off. A good example to illustrate this point is the discovery of qinghaosu in 1972, ________ was intended as an effective treatment for malaria. 23. The Chinese herb qinghao, from which qinghaosu comes, ___________(use) to cure diseases for almost 2,000 years. 24. However, it was not until the 1970s __________ Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments. 25. By the 1970s, the fight against malaria __________(achieve) only limited success. 26. Since the discovery of qinghaosu, the survival rate of malaria patients has increased ______ around 30%. 27. _________ her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu. 28. It is important that scientists draw on the wisdom of both fields. With sufficient research, many more medical discoveries ________ qinghaosu are likely to be made. 五：根据汉语提示完成句子(每空一词) 1. She _______ ________ a history book to find out the exact date of the event 她查阅了一本历史书以弄清该事件发生的确切日期。 2. He finally succeeded and his hard work ________ ________. 他终于成功了，所有努力都有了回报。 3. The food which contains rich vitamins ______ ________ ______ the brain function. 这种食物包含丰富维生素对大脑有益。 4. Scientists finally developed the new vaccine ________ _______ _______ ______. 科学家们经过反复试验，最终研发出了新疫苗。 5. The research team has________ _______ the experiment process by using advanced equipment. 研究团队通过使用先进设备加快了实验进程。 6. The resources we have collected ________ __________ ________ this research project. 我们收集到的资源足够用于这个研究项目。 7. The committee decided to ________ _________ the large-scale concert due to bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，委员会决定推迟举办这场大型音乐会。 8. The bookshelf filled with various novels, __________ ________ young adults, stands in the corner. 摆满各种小说、专为年轻人设计的书架立在角落里。 六、阅读下列短文，在空白处填入合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Global food and drink company Nestle has acquired the remaining 40 percent stake in Chinese company Hsu Fu Chi from the founding Hsu family, 1.________(give) it full ownership of the brand as part of efforts to expand its footprint in the Chinese snack market. The Swiss food giant, known for its KitKat and Milkybar brands, 2._________(initial) purchased a 60 percent stake in Hsu Fu Chi in 2011 for $1.7 billion. Since then, it 3.__________(provide) technical and marketing support in areas such as recipe development, R&D and quality control. With this latest transaction, Nestle aims to further integrate Hsu Fu Chi's operations into its 4.________(broad) China strategy. "This move combines Hsu Fu Chi's efficient operations and entrepreneurship 5.__________our innovation capabilities. It accelerates the development of the brand and further reinforces Nestle's presence in China," said Zhang Xiqiang, CEO of Nestle Greater China. "It also demonstrates our long-term commitment to China.” Nestle said the acquisition will allow Hsu Fu Chi 6._________(gain) "wider and easier access" to its global brand and product resources, supporting its 7.________(grow) agenda. At the same time, Nestle plans to leverage Hsu Fu Chi's extensive distribution network to expand its business across China. Founded in 1992 and based in Dongguan, Guangdong province, Hsu Fu Chi has grown into one of the country's 8.________(lead) confectionery brands. The company operates 9._______vast distribution network, with eight major branches, 58 districts and over 3,500 dealers, 10._________reaches more than 2 million retail outlets across both urban and rural areas. 一：词性转换 1-5 die; deadly; survival; survivor; broaden; breadth; intention; intentional; extraction 6-10 herbal; reference; experimental; limitation; limited; container; containment 11-15 sufficiency; sufficiently; insufficient; wisdom; wisely; beneficial; conductor; conductive; illustration; illustrative 二：重点短语回顾 1-5 benefit from; intend to do sth; 有…的意图/打算；be sufficient for sth/to do sth; be limited to 6-10 refer to… as…; extract sth from…; contain one’s anger; 光天化日之下；for the benefit of; 11-15 反复试验；postpone doing sth; speed up; pay off; 表现，举止 三：用所给词的适当形式填空 1-5 broaden; intended; reference; limited; Insufficient; 6-10 wisdom; beneficial; extracted; containers; illustrations 四：单句语法填空 1-5 to receive; awarded; deadliest; increased; studied; where; acquiring; dying; that 6-10 recipes, extracts; promising; Inspired, at; failures, However; to 11-15 using; and; produced; to be postponed; To speed 16-20 paid, successfully; has benefited; discovery, a; higher; drawing, beneficial 21-25 pointed, advances; which; has been used; that; had achieved; 26-28 by; Without; like 1. 解析：“the first + 名词 + to do sth.” 是固定结构，意为 “第一个做某事的……”，所以第一空用 to receive；第二空是非谓语动词作后置定语，award 与 a Nobel Prize 之间是被动关系，用 awarded；one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，表示 “最…… 之一”，所以第三空用 deadliest。 答案：to receive；awarded；deadliest 2. 解析：此处用过去分词作定语，修饰 chance，increased 表示 “增加的”，说明疟疾患者的生存机会是被增加的。 答案：increased 3. 解析：根据时间状语 “between 1951 and 1955” 可知，这里说的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时，study 的过去式是 studied。 答案：studied 4. 解析：第一空 where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine，在从句中作地点状语；第二空 acquiring 是现在分词作伴随状语，表示在完成培训课程的同时，获得了中西医的广泛知识。 答案：where；acquiring 5. 解析：第一空 “be dying of” 表示 “死于……”，是固定搭配；第二空 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a team，在从句中作主语。 答案：dying；that 6. 解析：recipe 是可数名词，前面有 2,000 修饰，要用复数形式 recipes；extract 作 “提取物” 讲时是可数名词，hundreds of 后接可数名词复数，用 extracts。 答案：recipes；extracts 7. 解析：promising 是形容词，意为 “有希望的；有前途的”，修饰名词 results，表示 “有希望的结果”。 答案：promising 8. 解析：第一空 Inspired 是过去分词作状语，Inspire 与 Tu 之间是被动关系，表示 “被…… 启发”；第二空 “at a low temperature” 表示 “在低温下”，是固定搭配。 答案：Inspired；at 9. 解析：第一空 failure 是可数名词，前面有 190 修饰，用复数形式 failures；第二空 However 表示转折，“然而，因为研究资源有限，很难生产出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验”。 答案：failures；However 10. 解析：“solution to...” 是固定搭配，意为 “…… 的解决方案”。 答案：to 11. 解析：using 是现在分词作方式状语，“they had to extract herbs using household water containers” 表示 “他们不得不使用家用盛水容器来提取草药”。 答案：using 12. 解析：and 连接两个并列的句子，“他们日夜工作，（结果）他们的健康因为恶劣的条件开始受到影响”，这里用 and 表示一种顺承关系。 答案：and 13. 解析：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语，这里是 “with + 名词 + 过去分词” 的结构，produce 与 qinghao extract 之间是被动关系，用 produced 表示 “大量的青蒿提取物被生产出来”。 答案：produced 14. 解析：“be likely to do sth.” 表示 “可能做某事”，这里是 “试验可能被推迟”，用被动语态 to be postponed。 答案：to be postponed 15. 解析：To speed up 是动词不定式作目的状语，“为了加速这个过程并确保其安全性”。 答案：To speed 16. 解析：第一空 pay off 表示 “取得成功；得到回报”，这里说的是过去的事情，用一般过去时 paid；第二空 successfully 是副词，修饰动词 discovered。 答案：paid；successfully 17. 解析：根据时间状语 “ever since” 可知，这里要用现在完成时，主语 qinghaosu 是第三人称单数，所以用 has benefited。 答案：has benefited 18. 解析：第一空 its 是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词 discovery；第二空 “award the Nobel Prize” 表示 “授予诺贝尔奖”，这里是特指，用 the。 答案：discovery；the 19. 解析：a higher level 表示 “一个更高的水平”，用比较级表示与之前相比有提升。 答案：higher 20. 解析：第一空 drawing 是现在分词作状语，draw 与 scientists 之间是主动关系；第二空 beneficial 是形容词，作后置定语，修饰 medicines，“对全球医疗有益的药物”。 答案：drawing；beneficial 21. 解析：第一空 point out 表示 “指出”，这里说的是过去的事情，用一般过去时 pointed；第二空 future 是形容词，修饰名词 advances，“未来的进步”。 答案：pointed；advances 22. 解析：which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the discovery of qinghaosu，在从句中作主语。 答案：which 23. 解析：根据时间状语 “for almost 2,000 years” 可知，这里要用现在完成时的被动语态，主语 The Chinese herb qinghao 是第三人称单数，所以用 has been used。 答案：has been used 24. 解析：“it was not until...that...” 是强调句型，强调时间状语 “until the 1970s”。 答案：that 25. 解析：“By the 1970s” 表示 “到 20 世纪 70 年代”，是过去完成时的标志，所以用 had achieved，表示在过去的某个时间之前已经完成的动作。 答案：had achieved 26. 解析：by 表示 “相差……；以…… 程度”，“increased by around 30%” 表示 “增加了大约 30%”。 答案：by 27. 解析：Without 表示 “没有”，“如果没有她对中西医的广泛知识，屠呦呦可能永远不会发现青蒿素”，这里是一种虚拟语气的用法。 答案：Without 28. 解析：like 是介词，意为 “像…… 一样”，“像青蒿素这样的更多医学发现很可能会被做出”。 答案：like 五：根据所给汉语提示完成句子 1-4 referred to；paid off；is beneficial to； through trial and error; 5-8 sped up; are sufficient for; postpone holding; intended for 六： 1-5 giving; initially; has provided; broader; with; 6-10 to gain; growth; leading; a; which 1. 解析：此处用现在分词 giving 作结果状语，表示前面句子所述内容产生的结果，即雀巢收购徐福记剩余股份这一行为使其获得了该品牌的完全所有权。答案：giving 2. 解析：initial 是形容词，这里需要用副词 initially 来修饰动词 purchased，表示 “最初，起初”。答案：initially 3. 解析：根据时间状语 Since then 可知，这里要用现在完成时态，表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语是 it，所以用 has provided。答案：has provided 4. 解析：这里表示 “更广泛的中国战略”，用 broad 的比较级 broader 来体现与之前战略的对比，强调此次收购是对其在中国战略的进一步拓展。答案：broader 5. 解析：combine...with... 是固定搭配，意为 “把…… 与…… 结合起来”，这里表示将徐福记的高效运营和企业家精神与雀巢的创新能力相结合。答案：with 6. 解析：allow sb. to do sth. 是固定用法，意为 “允许某人做某事”，所以这里用 to gain，表示收购将允许徐福记获得更广泛和更便捷的途径。答案：to gain 7. 解析：这里需要用名词 growth 作定语，修饰 agenda，表示 “增长议程，发展议程”，说明支持的是徐福记在发展方面的计划。答案：growth 8. 解析：这里用 leading 作定语，修饰 confectionery brands，表示 “领先的，主要的”，说明徐福记已成为中国主要的糖果品牌之一。答案：leading 9. 解析：network 是可数名词，这里表示 “一个庞大的分销网络”，用不定冠词 a 表示 “一，一个”。答案：a 10. 解析：这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 distribution network，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 which 引导，指代前面的分销网络能覆盖到超过 200 万个零售网点。答案：which 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$