精品解析： 北京师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中英语试题

北京师大附中2023—2024学年第二学期期中考试 初二英语试卷 班级________ 姓名________ 学号________ 考生须知 1.本试卷有九道大题，共12页。考试时长90分钟，满分90分。 2.考生务必将答案填写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，考生应将答题纸交回。 听力理解(共27分) 一、听对话或独白，依据所听内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听下面一段对话，回答第1至第2小题。 1. How did the girl go to the zoo? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train. 2. What did the boy do last weekend? A. He fed a panda. B. He did some reading. C. He took some pictures. 听下面一段对话，回答第3至第4小题。 3. Where does the girl work this month? A. At an animal house. B. At a soup kitchen. C. At a hospital. 4. What is the girl doing? A Giving advice. B. Making a plan. C. Asking for help. 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What can we learn about the museum from the speech? A. It is on the south of Tian'anmen Square. B There are a lot of world-famous works of art in it. C. It has a history of over 100 years. 6. Why does the speaker give this speech? A. To explain the importance of learning history. B. To help people to admire China and world cultures. C. To tell us some information about the National Museum. 二、听对话，根据所听内容回答问题。请将答案写在答题纸上。每段对话你将听两遍。(每小题2分，共8分) 听一段对话，回答第7小题。 7. How long has the boy had the bike? _______________________________________________________ 听一段对话，回答第8小题。 8. How does the man feel? _______________________________________________________ 听一段对话，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What's the matter with the girl? _______________________________________________________ 10. What will the boy cook for the girl? _______________________________________________________ 三、听后转述。听短文，根据所听内容和提示信息转述短文内容。短文你将连续听三遍。(共10分) 11. I've got some information about… 知识运用 四、单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —This bed ________ soft and comfortable. —Yes. I’d like to buy one. A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——这张床摸起来又软又舒服。——是的。我想买一个。 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；tastes尝起来；feels摸起来；smells闻起来。根据“ This bed...soft and comfortable.”可知，床摸起来又软又舒服，故填C。 2. It’s time for us ________ hiking. Let’s ________ to the forest. A. to go; go B. to go; to go C. go; go D. going; go 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：是我们去远足的时候了。咱们去森林吧。 考查it固定句型与词组搭配。“It’s time for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“是某人做某事的时候了”，所以第一空用to go；“Let’s + 动词原形”是固定用法，表示“咱们做某事吧” ，所以第二空用go。故选A。 3. Tianjin is one of ________ cities in China. A. big B. biggest C. the biggest D. the bigger 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：天津是中国最大的城市之一。 考查最高级的用法。big大的，形容词；biggest为big的最高级；the biggest（the+形容词最高级）；the bigger（the+形容词比较级）。根据“one of...cities”可知，“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，空处需填“the+形容词最高级”，biggest为形容词最高级。故选C。 4. Drinking too much cola is harmful ________ children’s ________. A. on; health B. to; health C. on; healthy D. to; healthy 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：喝太多可乐对孩子们的健康有害。 考查介词辨析和名词用法。on在……上；to到；health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词。be harmful to“对……有害”，固定搭配，所以第一空用to；children’s是名词所有格，其后接名词，且health为不可数名词，所以第二空用health。故选B。 5. Daming is very interested in reading, so he often_______ his free time on books. A. spends B. will spend C. spent D. has spent 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：大明对阅读非常感兴趣，所以他经常花费他的空余时间读书。 考查时态。spend花费；spends第三人称单数；will spend一般将来时；spent一般过去时；has spent现在完成时。由“often”可知，应用一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，故选A。 6. I ________ Shanghai twice. I ________ there last winter and this summer. A. have been to; have gone to B. have been to; will go C. have gone to; went D. have been to; went 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我去过上海两次，去年冬天和今年夏天都去了那里。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。have been to表示“去过某地”，have gone to表示“去了某地”。前句表示去过上海两次，故用have been to；后句中出现了时间状语“last summer and this winter”，是一般过去时，用过去式went。故选D。 7. There may be ________ stars in the Milky Way. A. billions B. billion C billion of D. billions of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：银河系中可能有数十亿颗恒星。 考查billion的表达。表示确数时，用基数词+billion；表示概数时，用billions of。空前无基数词，所以用billions of，故选D。 8. My uncle has worked in the TV station ________ he graduated from university. A. because B. although C. if D. since 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的叔叔自从大学毕业以来，就一直在电视台工作。 考查连词词义辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句 。根据句中“has worked”为现在完成时，以及“he graduated from university”为一般过去时可知，从大学毕业这个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作，存在时间上的先后关系，since符合语境，且since是现在完成时的标志词。故选D。 9. Last week, he ________ a cold, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A. catches B. has caught C. caught D. will catch 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：上周，他感冒了，所以医生让他待在家里。 考查动词时态。catches患，catch的第三人称单数形式，用于一般现在时；has caught已经患，现在完成时；caught患了，catch的过去式，用于一般过去时；will catch将要患，一般将来时。根据“Last week”可知，这是表示过去的时间状语，句子时态应用一般过去时，所以用caught。故选C。 10. Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：比尔喜欢读书。他每天晚上和爸爸一起看图画书。考查一般现在时。从every evening判断句子时态用一般现在时，排除C/D。主语是单数。故选B。 五、选词填空(每小题1分，共4分) A. work B. astronaut C. spaceship D. fantastic I feel really happy today because I won a prize at school. It’s for the best science project. My project is about space and life on other planets. I made a model ____11____, like the one in the film Star Wars. My dad helped me because it was very difficult! I painted it white and black, and I put a small camera inside. My teacher said my project was ____12____ and she gave me the first prize. She also gave me two tickets for a space museum. I’m going to take my dad this weekend. I want to be a (n) ____13____ when I’m older, and I’m going to ____14____ very hard at school. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者制作飞船模型并获奖的故事。 【11题详解】 句意：我制作了一个像电影《星球大战》里的那个一样的模型。根据空后“like the one in the film Star Wars”，可知，此处指“我制作了一个模型飞船”，spaceship意为“飞船”，故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：我的老师说我的项目是极好的，并且她给了我一等奖。根据空后“she gave me the first prize”可知，此处指“我的项目是极好的”，fantastic意为“极好的”，故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：我想在年纪大一点时，成为一名宇航员。根据空前“I want to be a(n)” ，并结合文章内容可知，作者对航空知识和宇宙飞船有兴趣、有天赋，故此处表明作者未来想成为宇航员，astronaut意为“宇航员”，故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：我将在学校非常努力地学习。根据空后“very hard at school” ，并结合前面作者想成为宇航员可知，此处指“努力学习”，work意为“工作，学习”，故选A。 六、完形填空(每小题1分，共8分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。 A kindergarten teacher decided to have her class play a game. The teacher told each student to bring a plastic bag with a few potatoes in it to school. Each student would “name” their potatoes after people they did not like, ____15____ the number of potatoes would be ____16____ depending on how many people each student hated (讨厌). The next day, with their potatoes, all the students went to school ____17____ the game. Some kids had just one or two potatoes, while others had as many as five or six. The teacher then told the children that they would have to carry their potatoes with them wherever they went for one week. Several days passed by, some of the students started to complain (抱怨), as their potatoes began to rot (腐烂) and ____18____ bad. The students who carried ____19____ potatoes began to get unsatisfied with the heavy bags. One week later, the game ____20____. The teacher asked, “How did you ____21____ carrying around your potatoes for a week?” The students complained once again. The teacher simply smiled and said, “This is what it’s like to carry hatred (仇恨) in your heart. You have to carry it with you wherever you go. If you can’t tolerate (容忍) carrying rotten potatoes for one week, how can you imagine having ____22____ in your heart for a whole lifetime? Forgive others and move on with your life.” 15. A. so B. because C. since D. for 16. A. different B. similar C. the same D. small 17. A. to watch B. to join in C. to win D. to lose 18. A. taste B. sound C. smell D. feel 19. A. few B. more C. some D. any 20. A. continued B. was on C. began D. was over 21. A. just like B. look like C. feel like D. smell like 22. A. love B. happiness C. friendship D. hate 【答案】15. A 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位幼儿园老师通过让学生给土豆命名的游戏，教育孩子们不要心怀怨恨，要学会宽容和原谅。 【15题详解】 句意：每个学生要用他们不喜欢的人的名字给土豆“命名”，所以土豆的数量会有所不同，这取决于每个学生讨厌多少人。 so所以；because因为；since自从；for为了。根据空前一句“Each student would ‘name’ their potatoes after people they did not like”及空后的“depending on how many people each student hated”可知，学生们用自己讨厌的人的名字给自己的土豆命名，因此土豆的数量将取决于每位同学讨厌的人的数量，故用so。故选A。 【16题详解】 句意：每个学生要用他们不喜欢的人的名字给土豆“命名”，所以土豆的数量会有所不同，这取决于每个学生讨厌多少人。 different不同的；similar相似的；the same相同的；small小的。根据空后的“depending on how many people each student hated”及第二段第二句“Some kids had just one or two potatoes, while others had as many as five or six.”可知，每个人带的土豆的数量是不同的。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：第二天，学生们带着他们的土豆去学校参加游戏。 to watch观看；to join in加入；to win赢得；to lose失去。“join in”表示“参加活动等”，符合去学校参加游戏这一语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：几天过去了，一些学生开始抱怨，因为他们的土豆开始腐烂，闻起来很臭。 taste尝起来；sound听起来；smell闻起来；feel感觉。根据“as their potatoes began to rot”可知，土豆开始腐烂，所以闻起来很糟糕。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：那些拿着更多土豆的学生开始对沉重的袋子感到不满。 few几个；more更多；some一些；any任何。根据“the heavy bags”可知，携带较多土豆的学生对沉重的袋子不满。more表示“更多的”，符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：一周后，游戏结束了 。 continued继续；was on进行；began开始；was over结束。根据“The teacher then told the children that they would have to carry their potatoes with them wherever they went for one week.”可知，游戏持续一周，一周之后游戏结束了。was over表示“结束”，符合语境。故选D。 【21题详解】 句意：老师问道：“你们带着土豆走了一周，感觉如何？” just like就像；look like看起来像；feel like感觉；smell like闻起来像。根据“The teacher asked, ‘How did you ... carrying around your potatoes for a week?’”可知，老师是在询问孩子们带土豆一周的感觉。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：如果你连一周都无法忍受带着腐烂的土豆，你又怎能想象在心里怀着仇恨度过一生呢？ love爱；happiness幸福；friendship友谊；hate怨恨。根据最后一段“This is what it’s like to carry hatred (仇恨) in your heart.”可知，老师在通过游戏教育孩子们不要心怀怨恨。故选D。 阅读理解(共36分) 七、阅读理解(每小题2分，共26分) A 阅读下列电影介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的电影，并将电影所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Kungfu Panda 4 Kung Fu Panda 4 is a cartoon movie about an overweight but cute panda named Po. It tells the story of how he learns martial arts (武术) from his master. The movie is filled with humor, action, and important life lessons. B. Boonie Bears: Blast into the Past Boonie Bears: Blast Into the Past follows two bears, Briar and Bramble, as they go on adventures in the past and work together to save the forest. It’s a fun movie, teaching lessons about teamwork and protecting the environment. C. Nezha Nezha: The Devil Child Reborn is an interesting cartoon film that’s great for people who love Chinese culture and folklore. It tells a story inspired by ancient Chinese legends, offering a mix of entertainment and cultural depth. D. Godzilla vs. Kong 2 Godzilla vs. Kong 2: Empire Uprising is an exciting action movie where Godzilla and King Kong battle it out to win. It’s known for its amazing battle, fights and special effects, perfect for fans of action and monster movies. 23. ______ Jo enjoys action films where battles and fights take center stage. 24. ______ Archie enjoys movies that include Chinese elements, such as traditional culture and legends. 25. ______ Rosa finds joy in panda-themed (主题) movies and she is always interested in stories involving these beloved pandas. 【答案】23. D 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，关于电影介绍的配对阅读，根据人物喜好和需求为他们选择合适的电影。 【23题详解】 根据“Jo enjoys action films where battles and fights take center stage.”可知，Jo喜欢以战斗和打斗为中心的动作电影。选项D“《哥斯拉大战金刚2：帝国崛起》”符合语境。故选D。 【24题详解】 根据“Archie enjoys movies that include Chinese elements, such as traditional culture and legends.”可知，Archie喜欢包含中国元素，如传统文化和传说的电影。选项C“《哪吒之魔童降世》”符合语境。故选C。 【25题详解】 根据“Rosa finds joy in panda-themed movies and she is always interested in stories involving these beloved pandas.”可知，Rosa喜欢以熊猫为主题的电影，她总是对这些可爱熊猫的故事感兴趣。选项A“《功夫熊猫4》”符合语境。故选A。 B Space junk is a danger to the satellites and may hurt astronauts. There are tens of millions of pieces of rubbish in space. Some of the pieces are from passing comets (彗星) but most of them are from large broken satellites and rockets after they stopped working. Though satellite technology offers some advantages to people, the increasing use of it could make large areas of Earth’s orbit (轨道) into bad condition. The space closely around our planet is becoming increasingly crowded with over 9,000 satellites in orbit today, and the Eastern Southern Observatory (ESO) shows that this number may grow to 75,000 by 2030. As Space.com reported in October 2022, the International Space Station (ISS) had to think about how to stay away from a piece of space junk from a broken Russian satellite in 2021. In November 2021, astronauts in the ISS had to stay inside their spaceship when the space station passed close to space junk. NASA scientists have called for an agreement to make sure “space junk” doesn’t make the activities in Earth’s orbit into trouble and they are working on it.” Satellites are important to the people and Earth itself. However, using too much space will put our planet into a dangerous situation (情况),” said Melissa Quinn, Head of Spaceport Cornwall. “I hope all countries need to pay attention, to understand the importance of the next step, and to work together, to keep the problem under control.” 26. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________. A. space B. Earth C. rubbish D. satellite technology 27. The report in Paragraph 3 mainly shows that ________. A. the Russian satellite has just badly broken B. a piece of space rubbish can be very dangerous C. the main job of the ISS is to collect the space junk D. space rubbish is everywhere around the space station 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Most of space junk are pieces from passing comets. B. There may be 75,000 satellites in the earth orbit by 2030. C. NASA has already kept the “space junk” problem in control. D. Scientists think the space junk won’t hurt astronauts any more. 【答案】26. D 27. B 28. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾对卫星和宇航员的威胁，以及卫星技术的使用对地球轨道的影响。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Though satellite technology offers some advantages to people, the increasing use of it could make large areas of Earth’s orbit (轨道) into bad condition.”可知，尽管卫星技术给人们带来了一些好处，但过度使用“它”可能会使地球轨道的大部分区域处于不良状态。这里的“it”指的是前文提到的“satellite technology”，即卫星技术。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据“As Space.com reported in October 2022, the International Space Station (ISS) had to think about how to stay away from a piece of space junk from a broken Russian satellite in 2021.”可知，国际空间站需要考虑如何避开一块来自2021年一颗破损的俄罗斯卫星的太空垃圾，这表明太空垃圾可能非常危险。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“and the Eastern Southern Observatory (ESO) shows that this number may grow to 75,000 by 2030.”可知，到2030年，地球轨道上可能有75,000颗卫星。故选B。 C Every day, we hear about people who are trying to lose weight. There are so many different diets to choose from, but which one is best? What should we eat, and what shouldn’t we eat? The answer is simple: we need to eat a healthy diet. So what is a healthy diet? It’s not complicated (复杂) We just need to eat the right amount (量) of food from each of the five main food groups. The first group is fruit and vegetables. We need to eat at least five portions (份) of these every day. That might sound like a lot, but it’s not really-a glass of orange juice, a banana and two vegetables with dinner means you’ve had your five portions. Next, we need to eat some starchy (富含淀粉的) foods, like bread, rice or potatoes (about six portions a day). These foods give us energy. We also need to eat some protein (蛋白质), like meat, fish, eggs or beans. We should have about two portions a day. Then there’s milk and dairy products (乳制品). We need about three portions of these every day. Finally, we need to eat only a small amount of foods that contain sugar and fat. Some people think that a healthy diet is a boring diet. This isn’t true! You can still eat your favourite foods, but you need to eat them in moderation. For example, if you love chocolate, you don’t have to stop eating it completely. Just eat it once in a while, and make sure you don’t eat too much. It’s important to remember that a healthy diet is not the same as a diet where you eat less food. In fact, eating very little food is not good for you. It’s much better to eat a variety of different foods, and to eat regular (有规律的) meals. If you do this, you’ll feel full and satisfied, and you won’t be tempted (诱惑) to snack on unhealthy foods. So next time you’re thinking about going on a diet, stop and think. Do you really need to lose weight? Or would it be better to just eat a healthy diet? 29. What does the writer think of a healthy diet? A. It’s not very complicated. B. It’s a boring diet. C. It means eating less food. D. It makes us feel less full. 30. What is the meaning of “in moderation” in Paragraph 8? A. Avoid them completely. B. Eat them with every meal but in small amounts. C. Eat them frequently and in large amounts. D. Only eat them once in a while and in small amounts. 31. According to the passage, what should we do to have a healthy diet? A. Eat a variety of foods in the right amount. B. Never eat foods high in sugar and fat. C. Go on a diet to lose weight. D. Eat less food overall. 【答案】29. A 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康饮食的相关信息，包括各类食物的推荐摄入量以及健康饮食的注意事项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So what is a healthy diet? It’s not complicated (复杂).”可知，作者认为健康饮食并不复杂，故选A。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“For example, if you love chocolate, ... you don’t eat too much.”可知，如果你喜欢巧克力，你不必完全停止吃它，只是偶尔吃一次，并确保不要吃太多，所以“in moderation”的意思是“偶尔吃且少量吃”，故选D。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We just need to eat the right amount (量) of food from each of the five main food groups.”以及全文内容可知，为了拥有健康的饮食，我们应该吃适量的各种食物，故选A。 D Making a star on Earth When you look at the night sky, what you see are actually lots of “power plants (发电站)”. Every star makes a huge amount of energy through nuclear fusion (核聚变). For years, scientists have tried to make this kind of energy. They need to make a “mini star” on Earth. Recently, some scientists made a big step forward. In February 2022, the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK. doubled a world record in 1997. The machine there, named Jet, used fusion engines (发动机) to make the same amount of energy as four wind turbines (涡轮机) make, reported The Guardian. In the past no experiment could make more energy than what was used to start the fusion engine. This new experiment, although only lasting five seconds, showed it’s possible to make more power. The reaction (反应) stopped when the equipment got too hot. This problem can be solved with cooling systems. Future fusion reactions may last much longer than five seconds—minutes or even hours. Why do we care so much about star power? Fusion reactions would provide power to everyone on the earth—enough for everyone to use for thousands or millions of years. They’re also clean-they don’t produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) or radioactive (放射性的) waste. You may wonder why fusion energy is so hard to make. Creating conditions similar to a star is not easy. The machine must reach temperatures as high as 10 times that of the sun’s core (核心). Even so, it’s time to get excited about star power. If it can be successfully rolled out, it will be a landmark in human history. 32. What are compared to “power plants” in the first paragraph? A. scientists. B. stars in the sky. C. nuclear plants. D. mini stars on the earth. 33. According to the passage, what was the recent achievement at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy? A. They produced four times the energy of four wind turbines. B. They created a fusion reaction that lasted for several hours. C. They doubled the previous world record for fusion energy production. D. They successfully created a “mini star” on Earth. 34. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Reasons to use fusion energy. B. Why we need to find cleaner power. C. The advantages of fusion reactions. D. The great amount of energy inside a star. 35. What can we learn about fusion energy from the passage? A. It is very hard to make it on the earth. B. Scientists are trying to get it from the core of the sun. C. It can be produced in a cold environment with cooling systems. D. It is hopeful that scientists will make it on the earth successfully soon. 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们试图在地球上制造核聚变能，英国牛津郡的卡勒姆聚变能源中心取得了新进展，还介绍了核聚变能的优势以及制造它的困难等相关内容。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When you look at the night sky, what you see are actually lots of ‘power plants (发电站)’. Every star makes a huge amount of energy through nuclear fusion (核聚变).”可知，夜空中看到的星星被比作“发电站”，因为每颗星星都通过核聚变产生大量能量。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In February 2022, the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire ... to make the same amount of energy as four wind turbines (涡轮机) make”可知，英国卡勒姆聚变能源中心使1997年的世界纪录翻倍，用聚变发动机产生了和四个风力涡轮机相同数量的能量。故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Why do we care so much about star power? ... they don’t produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) or radioactive (放射性的) waste.”可知，该段主要讲了核聚变反应能为地球上每个人提供足够使用数千年甚至数百万年的能量，且清洁无污染，即核聚变反应的优势。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据“You may wonder why fusion energy is so hard to make. Creating conditions similar to a star is not easy. The machine must reach temperatures as high as 10 times that of the sun’s core (核心).”可知，在地球上制造聚变能非常困难，要创造类似星星的条件，机器必须达到太阳核心温度的10倍。故选A。 八、阅读表达。(第47-49题每题2分，第50题4分，共10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Some Ideas to Start Your Day Off (休息日) Right Having success and being able to meet one’s goals require (需要) knowledge, a sense of direction, hard work and resources. That sounds like a very difficult task. However, research shows that successful people have similar habits in their everyday life. For example, starting a day on the right foot is very important to them. Here are some ideas on how to start your day off right. ◇Get up an hour early. Getting up an hour early is a good way to start the day. Studies show that your attention span (注意力的持续时间) is the strongest in the morning. In fact, the morning may be the most productive part of your day. Benjamin Franklin would probably agree. He once said, “Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” ◇Drink a glass of water with lemon juice. After brushing your teeth, drink a glass of water with lemon juice. Why? Health experts say that this drink jump-starts the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢). Not only does it jump-start your body’s cells, it also keeps them moving throughout the day. ◇ Don’t jump into social media as soon as you wake up. You wake up in the morning. You decide to check social media. Well, don’t. It’s a waste of time and may bring unhealthy emotions. We’ve all done it. You see a Weibo post about some society problems and the heated discussion pulls you in. Before you know it, an hour has passed, and you’re angry with people you don’t even know. ◇ Exercise! Physical fitness trainers often suggest some form of exercise in the morning because the middle of the day is a busy time for most people. By the end of the day, you may not have the time or energy to exercise. Exercising in the morning prevents that from happening. Isabel Smith one of the experts on the research team, said, “In order to feel better during the day, I tried the healthy morning routines for a month. The result was amazing.” She also added that she would keeping doing so in the future. 36. When is your attention span the strongest according to studies? ______________________________________________ 37. Why shouldn’t you jump into social media as soon as you wake up? ______________________________________________ 38. What did Isabel Smith do to feel better during the day? ______________________________________________ 39. Is getting up an hour early on off days good for you? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) ______________________________________________ 【答案】36. In the morning. 37. Because it’s a waste of time and may bring unhealthy emotions. 38. She tried the healthy morning routines for a month. 39. Yes, it is. Because studies show that our attention span is the strongest in the morning. And getting up early makes us healthy, wealthy and wise. (合理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成功人士的早晨习惯，如早起、喝柠檬水、避免社交媒体和锻炼，并引用研究和专家观点说明这些习惯的好处。 【36题详解】 根据“Studies show that your attention span is the strongest in the morning.”可知，研究表明，注意力持续时间在早上是最强的。故填In the morning. 【37题详解】 根据“You decide to check social media. Well, don’t. It’s a waste of time and may bring unhealthy emotions.”可知，早起就查看自己的社交媒体既浪费时间又会带来不健康的情绪。故填Because it’s a waste of time and may bring unhealthy emotions. 【38题详解】 根据“In order to feel better during the day, I tried the healthy morning routines for a month.”可知，为了在白天感觉更好，作者尝试了一个月的健康晨间习惯。故填She tried the healthy morning routines for a month. 【39题详解】 根据“Studies show that your attention span is the strongest in the morning.”和“Benjamin Franklin would probably agree. He once said, ‘Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.’”可知，研究表明，注意力持续时间在早上是最强的；本杰明·富兰克林曾经说过：“早睡早起使人健康、富有、聪明”。故填Yes, it is. Because studies show that our attention span is the strongest in the morning. And getting up early makes us healthy, wealthy and wise. (合理即可) 书面表达(共10分) 九、文段表达(10分) 40. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Jack写信推荐了你一些比较简单且适合你的运动。你按照他的建议找到了自己喜欢并且合适的运动。请你用英文写一封回信，告诉他你目前喜欢的运动、坚持的时间、适合的理由，并且表达你的感谢。 提示词语：riding a bike, jogging, three months, good, healthy 提示问题：What sport do you enjoy now? How long have you done it? Why is it suitable for you? Dear Jack, I’m writing to thank you for your great advice to me about the right exercise. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear Jack, I’m writing to thank you for your great advice to me about the right exercise. I’m so happy to accept your advice about riding a bike and jogging. I love riding best. Now I have been cycling for three months. It’s very good for me to dide a bike. I have become fit and healthy. I’ve lost some weight as well. And I’d like to tell you, my friend, riding is very suitable for me. I enjoy it because when I am cycling, the only thing I can hear is the wind. It makes me feel comfortable. Thank you again. I hope you can also enjoy the sports. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在完成时” ； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生写作时应注意要按书信要求写，不要遗漏写作要点中的内容，需告知笔友目前喜欢的运动，坚持此项运动的时间，适合自己的理由，并表达感谢。写作时应紧扣要点，可适当添加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接开头，表达对笔友建议的感谢； 第二步，具体阐述要点，说明听从建议后喜欢上的运动——骑自行车，阐述坚持的时间——三个月，并从身体变好、减肥等方面说明这项运动适合自己的理由，描述运动时的感受； 第三步，书写结语，再次表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ① thank you for 为……而感谢你 ② ride a bike 骑自行车 ③ lose weight 减肥 ④ be suitable for 适合…… ⑤ feel comfortable 感到舒适 [高分句型] ① It’s very good for me to dide a bike. (含有It特殊句型，It’s adj. to do... 意为“做……是……”) ② I enjoy it because when I am cycling, the only thing I can hear is the wind. (含有原因状语从句、时间状语从句和定语从句的复合句 ) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京师大附中2023—2024学年第二学期期中考试 初二英语试卷 班级________ 姓名________ 学号________ 考生须知 1.本试卷有九道大题，共12页。考试时长90分钟，满分90分。 2.考生务必将答案填写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，考生应将答题纸交回。 听力理解(共27分) 一、听对话或独白，依据所听内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听下面一段对话，回答第1至第2小题。 1. How did the girl go to the zoo? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train. 2. What did the boy do last weekend? A. He fed a panda. B. He did some reading. C. He took some pictures. 听下面一段对话，回答第3至第4小题。 3. Where does the girl work this month? A. At an animal house. B. At a soup kitchen. C. At a hospital. 4 What is the girl doing? A. Giving advice. B. Making a plan. C. Asking for help. 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What can we learn about the museum from the speech? A. It is on the south of Tian'anmen Square. B There are a lot of world-famous works of art in it. C. It has a history of over 100 years. 6. Why does the speaker give this speech? A. To explain the importance of learning history. B. To help people to admire China and world cultures. C. To tell us some information about the National Museum. 二、听对话，根据所听内容回答问题。请将答案写在答题纸上。每段对话你将听两遍。(每小题2分，共8分) 听一段对话，回答第7小题。 7. How long has the boy had the bike? _______________________________________________________ 听一段对话，回答第8小题。 8. How does the man feel? _______________________________________________________ 听一段对话，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What's the matter with the girl? _______________________________________________________ 10. What will the boy cook for the girl? _______________________________________________________ 三、听后转述。听短文，根据所听内容和提示信息转述短文内容。短文你将连续听三遍。(共10分) 11. I've got some information about… 知识运用 四、单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —This bed ________ soft and comfortable. —Yes. I’d like to buy one. A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells 2. It’s time for us ________ hiking. Let’s ________ to the forest. A. to go; go B. to go; to go C. go; go D. going; go 3. Tianjin is one of ________ cities in China. A. big B. biggest C. the biggest D. the bigger 4. Drinking too much cola is harmful ________ children’s ________. A. on; health B. to; health C. on; healthy D. to; healthy 5. Daming is very interested in reading, so he often_______ his free time on books. A. spends B. will spend C. spent D. has spent 6 I ________ Shanghai twice. I ________ there last winter and this summer. A. have been to; have gone to B. have been to; will go C. have gone to; went D. have been to; went 7. There may be ________ stars in the Milky Way. A. billions B. billion C. billion of D. billions of 8. My uncle has worked in the TV station ________ he graduated from university. A. because B. although C. if D. since 9. Last week, he ________ a cold, so the doctor asked him to stay at home. A. catches B. has caught C. caught D. will catch 10. Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. has read 五、选词填空(每小题1分，共4分) A. work B. astronaut C. spaceship D. fantastic I feel really happy today because I won a prize at school. It’s for the best science project. My project is about space and life on other planets. I made a model ____11____, like the one in the film Star Wars. My dad helped me because it was very difficult! I painted it white and black, and I put a small camera inside. My teacher said my project was ____12____ and she gave me the first prize. She also gave me two tickets for a space museum. I’m going to take my dad this weekend. I want to be a (n) ____13____ when I’m older, and I’m going to ____14____ very hard at school. 六、完形填空(每小题1分，共8分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。 A kindergarten teacher decided to have her class play a game. The teacher told each student to bring a plastic bag with a few potatoes in it to school. Each student would “name” their potatoes after people they did not like, ____15____ the number of potatoes would be ____16____ depending on how many people each student hated (讨厌). The next day, with their potatoes, all the students went to school ____17____ the game. Some kids had just one or two potatoes, while others had as many as five or six. The teacher then told the children that they would have to carry their potatoes with them wherever they went for one week. Several days passed by, some of the students started to complain (抱怨), as their potatoes began to rot (腐烂) and ____18____ bad. The students who carried ____19____ potatoes began to get unsatisfied with the heavy bags. One week later, the game ____20____. The teacher asked, “How did you ____21____ carrying around your potatoes for a week?” The students complained once again. The teacher simply smiled and said, “This is what it’s like to carry hatred (仇恨) in your heart. You have to carry it with you wherever you go. If you can’t tolerate (容忍) carrying rotten potatoes for one week, how can you imagine having ____22____ in your heart for a whole lifetime? Forgive others and move on with your life.” 15. A. so B. because C. since D. for 16. A. different B. similar C. the same D. small 17. A. to watch B. to join in C. to win D. to lose 18. A. taste B. sound C. smell D. feel 19. A. few B. more C. some D. any 20. A. continued B. was on C. began D. was over 21. A. just like B. look like C. feel like D. smell like 22. A. love B. happiness C. friendship D. hate 阅读理解(共36分) 七、阅读理解(每小题2分，共26分) A 阅读下列电影介绍，请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的电影，并将电影所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. Kungfu Panda 4 Kung Fu Panda 4 is a cartoon movie about an overweight but cute panda named Po. It tells the story of how he learns martial arts (武术) from his master. The movie is filled with humor, action, and important life lessons. B. Boonie Bears: Blast into the Past Boonie Bears: Blast Into the Past follows two bears, Briar and Bramble, as they go on adventures in the past and work together to save the forest. It’s a fun movie, teaching lessons about teamwork and protecting the environment. C. Nezha Nezha: The Devil Child Reborn is an interesting cartoon film that’s great for people who love Chinese culture and folklore. It tells a story inspired by ancient Chinese legends, offering a mix of entertainment and cultural depth. D. Godzilla vs. Kong 2 Godzilla vs. Kong 2: Empire Uprising is an exciting action movie where Godzilla and King Kong battle it out to win. It’s known for its amazing battle, fights and special effects, perfect for fans of action and monster movies. 23. ______ Jo enjoys action films where battles and fights take center stage. 24. ______ Archie enjoys movies that include Chinese elements, such as traditional culture and legends. 25. ______ Rosa finds joy in panda-themed (主题) movies and she is always interested in stories involving these beloved pandas. B Space junk is a danger to the satellites and may hurt astronauts. There are tens of millions of pieces of rubbish in space. Some of the pieces are from passing comets (彗星), but most of them are from large broken satellites and rockets after they stopped working. Though satellite technology offers some advantages to people, the increasing use of it could make large areas of Earth’s orbit (轨道) into bad condition. The space closely around our planet is becoming increasingly crowded with over 9,000 satellites in orbit today, and the Eastern Southern Observatory (ESO) shows that this number may grow to 75,000 by 2030. As Space.com reported in October 2022, the International Space Station (ISS) had to think about how to stay away from a piece of space junk from a broken Russian satellite in 2021. In November 2021, astronauts in the ISS had to stay inside their spaceship when the space station passed close to space junk. NASA scientists have called for an agreement to make sure “space junk” doesn’t make the activities in Earth’s orbit into trouble and they are working on it.” Satellites are important to the people and Earth itself. However, using too much space will put our planet into a dangerous situation (情况),” said Melissa Quinn, Head of Spaceport Cornwall. “I hope all countries need to pay attention, to understand the importance of the next step, and to work together, to keep the problem under control.” 26. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________. A. space B. Earth C. rubbish D. satellite technology 27. The report in Paragraph 3 mainly shows that ________. A. the Russian satellite has just badly broken B. a piece of space rubbish can be very dangerous C. the main job of the ISS is to collect the space junk D. space rubbish is everywhere around the space station 28. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Most of space junk are pieces from passing comets. B. There may be 75,000 satellites in the earth orbit by 2030. C. NASA has already kept the “space junk” problem in control. D Scientists think the space junk won’t hurt astronauts any more. C Every day, we hear about people who are trying to lose weight. There are so many different diets to choose from, but which one is best? What should we eat, and what shouldn’t we eat? The answer is simple: we need to eat a healthy diet. So what is a healthy diet? It’s not complicated (复杂). We just need to eat the right amount (量) of food from each of the five main food groups. The first group is fruit and vegetables. We need to eat at least five portions (份) of these every day. That might sound like a lot, but it’s not really-a glass of orange juice, a banana and two vegetables with dinner means you’ve had your five portions. Next, we need to eat some starchy (富含淀粉的) foods, like bread, rice or potatoes (about six portions a day). These foods give us energy. We also need to eat some protein (蛋白质), like meat, fish, eggs or beans. We should have about two portions a day. Then there’s milk and dairy products (乳制品). We need about three portions of these every day. Finally, we need to eat only a small amount of foods that contain sugar and fat. Some people think that a healthy diet is a boring diet. This isn’t true! You can still eat your favourite foods, but you need to eat them in moderation. For example, if you love chocolate, you don’t have to stop eating it completely. Just eat it once in a while, and make sure you don’t eat too much. It’s important to remember that a healthy diet is not the same as a diet where you eat less food. In fact, eating very little food is not good for you. It’s much better to eat a variety of different foods, and to eat regular (有规律的) meals. If you do this, you’ll feel full and satisfied, and you won’t be tempted (诱惑) to snack on unhealthy foods. So next time you’re thinking about going on a diet, stop and think. Do you really need to lose weight? Or would it be better to just eat a healthy diet? 29. What does the writer think of a healthy diet? A. It’s not very complicated. B. It’s a boring diet. C. It means eating less food. D. It makes us feel less full. 30 What is the meaning of “in moderation” in Paragraph 8? A. Avoid them completely. B. Eat them with every meal but in small amounts. C. Eat them frequently and in large amounts. D. Only eat them once in a while and in small amounts. 31. According to the passage, what should we do to have a healthy diet? A. Eat a variety of foods in the right amount. B. Never eat foods high in sugar and fat. C. Go on a diet to lose weight. D. Eat less food overall. D Making a star on Earth When you look at the night sky, what you see are actually lots of “power plants (发电站)”. Every star makes a huge amount of energy through nuclear fusion (核聚变). For years, scientists have tried to make this kind of energy. They need to make a “mini star” on Earth. Recently, some scientists made a big step forward. In February 2022, the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK. doubled a world record in 1997. The machine there, named Jet, used fusion engines (发动机) to make the same amount of energy as four wind turbines (涡轮机) make, reported The Guardian. In the past no experiment could make more energy than what was used to start the fusion engine. This new experiment, although only lasting five seconds, showed it’s possible to make more power. The reaction (反应) stopped when the equipment got too hot. This problem can be solved with cooling systems. Future fusion reactions may last much longer than five seconds—minutes or even hours. Why do we care so much about star power? Fusion reactions would provide power to everyone on the earth—enough for everyone to use for thousands or millions of years. They’re also clean-they don’t produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) or radioactive (放射性的) waste. You may wonder why fusion energy is so hard to make. Creating conditions similar to a star is not easy. The machine must reach temperatures as high as 10 times that of the sun’s core (核心). Even so, it’s time to get excited about star power. If it can be successfully rolled out, it will be a landmark in human history. 32. What are compared to “power plants” in the first paragraph? A. scientists. B. stars in the sky. C. nuclear plants. D. mini stars on the earth. 33. According to the passage, what was the recent achievement at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy? A. They produced four times the energy of four wind turbines. B. They created a fusion reaction that lasted for several hours. C. They doubled the previous world record for fusion energy production. D. They successfully created a “mini star” on Earth. 34. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Reasons to use fusion energy. B. Why we need to find cleaner power. C. The advantages of fusion reactions. D. The great amount of energy inside a star. 35. What can we learn about fusion energy from the passage? A. It is very hard to make it on the earth. B. Scientists are trying to get it from the core of the sun. C. It can be produced in a cold environment with cooling systems. D. It is hopeful that scientists will make it on the earth successfully soon. 八、阅读表达。(第47-49题每题2分，第50题4分，共10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Some Ideas to Start Your Day Off (休息日) Right Having success and being able to meet one’s goals require (需要) knowledge, a sense of direction, hard work and resources. That sounds like a very difficult task. However, research shows that successful people have similar habits in their everyday life. For example, starting a day on the right foot is very important to them. Here are some ideas on how to start your day off right. ◇Get up an hour early. Getting up an hour early is a good way to start the day. Studies show that your attention span (注意力的持续时间) is the strongest in the morning. In fact, the morning may be the most productive part of your day. Benjamin Franklin would probably agree. He once said, “Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” ◇Drink a glass of water with lemon juice. After brushing your teeth, drink a glass of water with lemon juice. Why? Health experts say that this drink jump-starts the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢). Not only does it jump-start your body’s cells, it also keeps them moving throughout the day. ◇ Don’t jump into social media as soon as you wake up. You wake up in the morning. You decide to check social media. Well, don’t. It’s a waste of time and may bring unhealthy emotions. We’ve all done it. You see a Weibo post about some society problems and the heated discussion pulls you in. Before you know it, an hour has passed, and you’re angry with people you don’t even know. ◇ Exercise! Physical fitness trainers often suggest some form of exercise in the morning because the middle of the day is a busy time for most people. By the end of the day, you may not have the time or energy to exercise. Exercising in the morning prevents that from happening. Isabel Smith one of the experts on the research team, said, “In order to feel better during the day, I tried the healthy morning routines for a month. The result was amazing.” She also added that she would keeping doing so in the future. 36. When is your attention span the strongest according to studies? ______________________________________________ 37. Why shouldn’t you jump into social media as soon as you wake up? ______________________________________________ 38. What did Isabel Smith do to feel better during the day? ______________________________________________ 39. Is getting up an hour early on off days good for you? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) ______________________________________________ 书面表达(共10分) 九、文段表达(10分) 40. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Jack写信推荐了你一些比较简单且适合你的运动。你按照他的建议找到了自己喜欢并且合适的运动。请你用英文写一封回信，告诉他你目前喜欢的运动、坚持的时间、适合的理由，并且表达你的感谢。 提示词语：riding a bike, jogging, three months, good, healthy 提示问题：What sport do you enjoy now? How long have you done it? Why is it suitable for you? Dear Jack, I’m writing to thank you for your great advice to me about the right exercise. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$