Reading without the law, human societies might not have developed in the way they have. The lecture below was given to high school students via law professor. Before you read the transcript, think about the following questions. How do you think the law originated? What famous legal cases have you . heard of the rules of law? Have you ever wondered when and whether law originated? Around twelve thousand years ago in the middle east, small permanent farming communities were established, changing traditional neumatic can together our lifestyles, different groups were closely living together and dealing with unfamiliar behaviours. Belief and attitudes to prevent chaos and resolve conflicts. The rules of conduct and consequences for unacceptable behaviours were created. Hence, the conceptive law was born. Many ancient civilizations arose in the middle east, so this is not surprising that locos first appeared there. The oldest discovered the code of your nmo dates back to about four thousand years ago. The code presented laws in the cause and effect format, a style used in nearly all later codes. Another one discovered the code of hamid ari was composed around three hundred years later, which is one of the longest, best organized and best preserved legal texts. This code was among the first to implement the concept innocent until proven guilty. Both codes are features in common. For instance, they treated a variety of matters, but often ignored some important rules because such rules were deeply ground in custom. Over time, laws evolved to become more sophisticated, and wide ranging societies constantly transform, so legal systems respond accordingly and ensure laws remain relevant. This response happens in various ways. Outdated laws are abolished when they no longer correspond with the values or moral beliefs of the current society. The most famous example is the abolition of slavery laws in certain countries during the nineteen century. Current laws are amended when aspects of a crime change, such as becoming more serious or producing additional crime related behaviour. In australia, a law amendment makes workplace bullying amount to a criminal offence. Besides, new laws are made as new situations develop, such as those created by advances in technology, all changes in societal attitudes. For instance, the advent of the internet and social media has let easier exchanges of information, and in turn has provided an authorized access to personal data. So IT is necessary to adopt data protection law to strengthen the protection of online uses private information. Evolving laws may represent a progressive society, but legal systems tend to remain relatively stable. Notably, global legal systems fall into categories that share similarities, and two main categories are civil law and common law. In the civil law system, laws are created by the country's legislature. Many european countries adopt this legal system in the common law system. Some laws are created by the legislature, but most are based on published court decisions from previous court cases, which after then implemented in future similar situations. The united states, the united kingdom are australia are examples of the common law system. The law plays an essential part in resolving conflicts, settling disputes, and making rules that everyone must follow. Yet IT has limitations. As the law is not applicable to all situations, IT is just one instrument to regulate society. Governments usually employ other methods of social control to help society Operate in a smooth and integrated fashion. Moreover, the law is not always ready or able to adapt to the constant changes in the society IT serves because of its relatives stability. IT is unreasonable for the law to solve every newly emerging problem. The law is more than just a set of rules. As you have probably realised, IT helps maintain security and stability in society, and its stable structure assists our societies to reach their full potential. The law is the camps that has guided humans from the first law abiding communities to where we are today. As IT continues to lead us into the future, the law will hopefully help us develop societies that are not just more harmonies, but also more civilized.