Unit 3 Keep fit 核心知识点精讲精练 1(Section A)-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 3 Keep fit 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. do/play sport 进行体育运动 2. baseball glove 棒球手套 3. exercise mat 运动垫 4. *jump rope 跳绳用的绳子;跳绳(运动) 5. running shoes 跑步鞋 6. tennis/badminton racket 网球拍/羽毛球拍 7. *hardly ever 几乎从不 8. once or twice at weekends 周末一或两次 9. ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍 10. how often 多久一次 11. play ping-pong/basketball/badminton 打乒乓球/打篮球/打羽毛球 12. three times a week 一周三次 13. once a week 每周一次 14. not at all 一点也不 15. work as a team 团队合作 16. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧  17. play doubles 双打 18. go swimming/jogging 去游泳/去慢跑 19. *a few 少数;几个 20. *excuse me 劳驾;请原谅 21. *over there 在那边 22. *belong to 属于(某人) 23. hear birds singing 听见鸟在唱歌 24. after work 下班后 25. *working day 工作日 26. *full of 有许多;充满 27. keep fit 保持健康 28. every day 每天 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *fit /fit/ adj.健康的，健壮的；适合的，恰当的；合格的，胜任的；v.(大小和形状)适合；可容纳，装进；安置，把...放进；使适合，使胜任（某工作） [词汇拓展] <过去式>fitted; <动词ing>fitting； fitness(n.)健康；适合 [词汇搭配] keep fit保持健康；fit (sb) like a glove（大小、形状）完全合适，恰好合身 fit in... 找到时间（见某人、做某事）；找到足够的地方，有足够空间 fit in (with sb/sth)（与…）合得来；适应 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fit的中文意思。 (1) She fitted her key in the lock. (2) I can't find clothes to fit me. (3) His experience fitted him to do the job. (4) You're not fit to be a mother! (5) She tries to keep fit by jogging every day. 2. 球类运动名词 *baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔːl/ n.棒球(运动) *volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/ n.排球(运动) *badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ n.羽毛球运动 [词汇拓展] basketball (n.)篮球(运动)；football(n.)足球(运动)；(美)橄榄球(运动) ping-pong(n.)乒乓球运动；tennis(n.)网球运动 [词汇搭配] play baseball / volleyball / badminton 打棒球/打排球/打羽毛球 badminton racket 羽毛球拍 [词汇用法] 含“ball”的名词既可表示“某种球类运动”，也可以表示“某种球”，如baseball 既可以表示“棒球”，也可以表示“棒球运动”。不含“ball”的名词只能表示“某种运动”， 若要表示“某种球”，需要加ball，如tennis只能表示“网球运动”，表示网球要用tennis ball。 [词汇例句] Do you have a baseball? 你有网球吗？ Do you like playing baseball? 你喜欢打网球吗? [随学随练] 单项填空。 My brother often plays ________ baseball with his friends after school. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 3. *glove /ɡlʌv/ n.(手指分开的)手套 [词汇搭配] baseball glove棒球手套；a pair of gloves一副手套 [词汇例句] He put his gloves in the bag. 他把他的手套放在包里。 4. *rope /rəʊp/ n.绳子；粗绳 [词汇搭配] jump rope /dʒʌmp rəʊp/ 跳绳用的绳子；跳绳(运动) [词汇例句] The boys are playing football. The girls are jumping rope. 男生在踢足球。女生在跳绳。 5. *hardly /ˈhɑːdli/ adv.几乎不；几乎没有 [词汇搭配] hardly ever几乎从不 [词汇辨析] hardly / hard · hardly 是频度副词，表示“几乎不，几乎没有”。 I hardly ever go to concerts. 我很少去听音乐会。 · hard可以作形容词，表示“努力的；坚硬的；困难的”等含义，也可以用作副词，表示“努力地；猛烈地”等含义。hardly不是hard的副词形式。 I have to work hard today. 今天我得努力工作。(hard作副词，修饰动词work) He made it through hard work. 他通过努力工作做到了。(hard作形容词，修饰名词work) [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Mary works ________ on weekdays, but she ________ works on weekends in order to relax herself. A．hardly; hard B．hard; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hardly (2) The weather is terrible. It’s raining so ________ that we can ________ go out. A．hard; hard B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hardly D．hardly; hard 6. *ever /ˈevə(r)/ adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经 [词汇搭配] hardly ever几乎从不 [词汇例句] Don't you ever get tired? 难道你从来不累吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空。 Sports player Quan Hongchan ________ eats junk food, because she needs to stay healthy and prepare for competitions. A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．hardly ever 7. *once /wʌns/ adv.一次；曾经；conj. 一旦，一...就 [词汇拓展] twice (adv.)两次，两倍 [词汇搭配] at once立即；马上；once more/again 再一次；once or twice一两次；几次 [词汇例句] I once met your mother. 我曾经见过你母亲。 Once you make a plan, you should stick to it. 一旦你制定一个计划，你就要坚持。 8. * maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ adv.也许；大概 [词汇辨析] · maybe 是一个副词，用于表达可能性或不确定性，相当于"perhaps"，maybe不能在句中充当谓语动词。 Maybe I'll go to the art classroom later.”可能我待会儿去健身房。 · may be 是一个情态动词 may和be(原形)的结合，在句子中充当谓语动词，用于表达可能性。 He may be in the classroom now. 他现在也许在教室里。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ Mr. Li is in his office now. Go and find him. A．Be B．May be C．Maybe D．May (2) —Is this Lucy’s MP5? —I’m not sure. It _________ Eric’s MP5. _________ hers is in her schoolbag. A．may be; May be B．may be; Maybe C．maybe; May be D．maybe; Maybe 9. *practice/'præktis/ n.练习；实践；通常的做法，惯例 [词汇拓展] practise (v.) 练习(美国英语中practice也用作动词)； practical (adj.)实际的；实用的；切实可行的 [词汇搭配] a week’s practice 一周的练习；practice/practise doing...练习做某事 in practice实际上，事实上；be/get out of practice疏于练习 practice makes perfect熟能生巧；put...into practice将...付诸实践 [词汇例句] She was taking all three of her daughters to basketball practice every day.她每天都带3个 女儿进行篮球训练。 [随学随练] 用practice翻译句子。 (1) 他决定将他的新想法付诸实践。 (2) 可别让我讲法语(French)！我已经生疏了。 (3) 他每天都练习弹吉他。 10. *perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/ adj.完美的；极好的；十分合适的；/pə'fekt/ v. 使完美，完善 [词汇拓展] perfectly (adv.)完美地；imperfect(adj.)不完美的；perfectness(n.)完美 [词汇搭配] a perfect example典范；be perfect for对...十分合适 [词汇例句] She speaks perfect English. 她讲一口地道的英语。 It was a perfect day for a picnic.那是野餐最理想的天气。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 — In this English contest, our school’s wonderful show was thought highly of. —________. All the boys and girls had devoted(致力) themselves to the programme. A．It never rains but it pours B．Never put all the eggs into one basket C．Every dog has its day D．Practice makes perfect 11. *double /ˈdʌbl/ n.双打；两倍；adj.成双的；两倍的 [词汇拓展] single (n.)单打；(adj.)单个的 [词汇搭配] double doors双扇门；a double room双人间；play doubles(网球或羽毛球等的)双打 the Double Ninth Festival重阳节 [词汇例句] You and I can share a double room. 你和我可以共用一间双人间。 12. *few /fjuː/ adj.(表示否定的)很少的；几乎没有的 [词汇搭配] a few少数，几个；quite a few相当多 [词汇用法] · few用作形容词，与可数名词复数连用，表示否定含义，意为“不多，很少”；对应的，表示否定含义，与不可数名词连用时用little。 · a few用作形容词，与可数名词复数连用，表示肯定含义，意为“有些，几个”；对应的，表示肯定含义，与不可数名词连用时用a little。 There is a little milk. 有一些牛奶。(牛奶还有一些，不需要现在就买) There is little milk. We have to buy some. 还有一点牛奶。我们要去买了。(牛奶快没了) I have few apples. 我几乎没有苹果了。 I have a few apples. 我有一些苹果。 · little和a little可用作副词。little表示“不多的，一点点”，含否定含义；a little表示“一些”，含肯定含义。 I know little about the singer. 我对这名歌手几乎不了解。 She was a little shy. 他有点儿害羞。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What’s in the fridge? —There is ________ meat and ________ eggs. A．a little; a few B．much; a little C．some; a little (2) I can’t buy this coat, because it is ________ expensive. A．a few B．a little C．few D．little 13. *excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v.原谅；宽恕；n.借口，理由 [词汇搭配] excuse me 劳驾；请原谅；make up an excuse编个借口 [词汇例句] It's just an excuse for a party. 这只是借故一起聚会。 I hope you'll excuse me for being so late. 我来得这么晚，希望你能原谅。 [词汇用法] excuse me用法 · 用于礼貌地引起注意，尤其是要提问时 Excuse me, but are you Mr Honig? 请问，您是霍尼格先生吗？ · 客气地请人让路 Excuse me, could you let me through?对不起，能让我过去吗？ · 因打扰别人或失礼表示歉意 Guy sneezed loudly. ‘Excuse me,’ he said.盖伊大声打了个喷嚏，然后说了声“对不起”。 · 婉转地表示不赞成 Excuse me, but I don't think that's true.很抱歉，我认为这不是真的。 · 婉转地要求离开或要与另外的人讲话 ‘Excuse me for a moment,’ she said and left the room.她说了声“很抱歉，失陪一会儿”就离开了房间。 · excuse me?(北美英语)没听清楚，请对方再说一遍 14. *belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ v.应在(某处) [词汇拓展] belonging (n.)属于 [词汇搭配] belong to属于(某人) [词汇例句] Where do these plates belong? 这些盘子该放在哪里？ 15. *working /ˈwɜ:kɪŋ/ adj. 工作的 [词汇拓展] work (v./n.)工作 [词汇搭配] working day 工作日；a working mother 在职母亲 [词汇例句] She spent most of her working life as a teacher. 她一生中大部分工作时间都当教师。 16. *energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.精力；能量；能源 [词汇拓展] energetic(adj.)精力充沛的 [词汇搭配] full of energy 充满活力；solar energy 太阳能 [词汇例句] He was saving his energy for next week's race in Belgium. 他正为下周在比利时的比赛 养精蓄锐。 She put all her energies into her work.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。 17. *group /ɡruːp/ n.组；群；v. （使）成群，成组；将…分类；把…分组 [词汇搭配] a group of house一片房子；work in groups分组工作 [词汇例句] She asked her students to get into groups of four.她让学生每四人分为一小组。 The children grouped themselves around their teacher. 孩子们聚集在老师周围。 18. over /ˈəʊvə(r)/ adv.在另一边；结束；prep.在…上方；超过；遍及 [词汇搭配] over there 在那边；all over the world世界各地；over and over反复，再三 think over仔细考虑；get over克服；go over仔细检查；复习；fall over绊倒 take over接管；turn over翻转；come over过来；短暂造访 [词汇例句] [词汇辨析] over / on / above · over指一个物体在另一个物体的正上方，两个物体之间不接触；还可以表示一个物体覆盖另一个物体。 · above表示一个物体在一个物体上方任意位置，且两个物体不接触。 · on指一个物体在另一个物体的上面，两个物体接触。 · over还可以表示“跨越，越过”，表示从某物的一边移至另一边。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Look! A boy is drawing ________ the bridge, and it is ________ the Hao River. A．over; on B．over; above C．on; over D．on; on (2) To get a better grade, the students should ________ the notes again before the test. A．go over B．fall over C．turn over D．take over 19. air /eə(r)/n.空气；空中；天空； [词汇拓展] open-air(adj.)户外的 [词汇搭配] in the open air在户外；in the air在空中；在传播中，可感觉到的 walk on air得意洋洋；fresh air清新的空气；by air乘飞机 book an air ticket预定一张飞机票 [词汇例句] Let's go and get some fresh air.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。 20. tired /tired/ adj.累的;疲倦的 [词汇拓展] tiring (adj.)令人疲倦的 [词汇搭配] feel tired感到累 [词汇例句] Let's go and get some fresh air.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You look so ________ Tom. —Yes. The journey was ________. Climbing the hill almost killed me. A．tired; tired B．tiring; tired C．tired; tiring D．tiring; tiring 3、 重难句型解析 1. 谈论物品所属的表达 (1) —Do you have a ping-pong bat? 你有乒乓球拍吗？ —Yes , I do. 是的，我有。 Do you have ... ?句型用于询问对方是否有某物。 注意回答时，肯定回答用Yes, I do.；否定回答用No, I don’t. ，不用Yes, I have.回答。 (2) —Excuse me , is this your... ?打扰一下，这是你的...吗？ —Yes, that’s mine. Thanks. / No, that’s not mine. I think it’s... 是的，那是我的，谢谢。 / 不，那 不是我的。我想它是...的。 (3) Whose baseball glove is this? 这是谁的棒球手套？ whose用于询问“谁的”。 (4) Who does this T-shirt belong to? Is it yours? 这件T恤衫属于谁的？它是你的吗？ who用于询问“谁”，belong to表示“属于”。 (5) —Are these our baseballs? 这些是我们的棒球吗？ —No, they’re not ours. They belong to Emma and Ella. 不，它们不是我们的。它们属于Emma和 Ella。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) —你有一个足球吗？ —不，我没有。 — — (2) 这些乒乓球是你的吗？ (3) 这是谁的羽毛球拍？ (4) 这个篮球属于谁的？ 2. 询问运动频率的问句 —How often do you play ping-pong? 你多久打一次乒乓球？ —I play it three times a week. 我每周打三次。 How often问句用于询问做某事的频率。 回答问句是使用频率表达，常见的有never,hardly ever, usually, once a year, twice a week, three times a week 等。 3. 其他句型解析 (1) I can hear birds singing. 我能听见鸟儿在唱歌。 “hear birds singing” 是“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。hear,see, watch等感官动词后可接“宾 语+宾语补足语”结构，当动词作宾语补足语时，用原型表示强调动作的整个过程；当强调动作 正在发生时，用动词-ing形式。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。 I heard her singing when I walked past the room. 我从房间旁走过时，我听见她正在唱歌。 (2) It’s easy to go jogging. 慢跑很容易。 这个句子是“It’s + adj.+ to do ”结构的句型，表示“做某事是...样的”。当形容词是修饰事物 时，可以形容词后加上“for sb.”表示“对于某人而言做某事是...样的”；当形容词是修饰人物 时，可以形容词后加上“of sb.”表示“某人做某事是...样的”。 如：It’s important for students to learn English well. 对于学生而言，学好英语是重要的。 It’s so kind of him to help us. 他帮助了我们，他真是太善良的。 (3) Keeping fit is not that hard. 保持健康不是那么的困难。 此句中keeping fit充当主语成分，单个的动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。 如：Running is good for health. 跑步对健康有好处。 [随学随练] 翻译句子或补全句子。 (1) 我经常在公园里听到鸟儿们在歌唱。 (2) 在这条深的河旁边玩对孩子们来说是危险的。 beside the deep river. (3) 尊敬老人是重要的。 4、 单元语音学习 1. 字母i与ie，igh字母组合发音 (1) 字母i的常见发音 · 在重读开音节中发字母本音/aɪ/，如drive, polite, five等; · 在重读闭音节中发/ɪ/，如chip, bill, tick等。 (2) 元音字母组合ie的常见发音 · 在单音节的词末时发/aɪ/，如tie，lie等。 · 另一个发音是/iː/，如believe, niece等。 (3) 字母组合igh发/aɪ/，如night, fight等。 2. 字母y的常见发音 (1) 在单音节的词末或重读音节中发/aɪ/，如shy, sky等。 (2) 在非重读音节中发弱读音/i/，如busy, party等。 (3) y有时还可以发半元音/j/，如year, your等。 3. 英语的节奏 英语句子中有的词重读，有的词不重读。单词中有重读音节和非重读音节。重读和非重度音节在句子中 就形成一强一弱或一重一轻的变化，这就形成了英语的节奏。 中国学生往往受母语影响(汉语中每个音节花费的时间大体相同)，容易出现每个词都重读的问题，因此，在平时朗读文章是要注意训练英语的节奏。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) They had a (跳绳) competition at school. (2) Steve likes to (打羽毛球) with his family on weekends. (3) (在工作日), David goes to the office by bus. (4) Jake didn’t give an (理由) for his being late. (5) Sally bought a new (棒球手套) for her brother. (6) This notebook is (我的).The blue one is (她的). (7) Eric (练习) the piano every day. And he plays it well. (8) The weather was (完美的) for a picnic. (9) Anne (很少) eats out with her friends. (10) Dave pointed to the handbag (在那边).It (属于) his mother. (11) They worked in a (小组) to finish the project. (12) (一些) students gathered in front of the library. (13) Anna needs to save her (能量) for the exam. (14) If you want to change for a (双人的) room, you’ll have to pay another $15. (15) Mary (几乎从不) misses a day of school. (16) I have visited that museum (一两次). (17) Eating healthy food and going for walks can help you (保持健康). (18) Do you have a (排球)? (19) Malee likes to (慢跑) in the park. (20) There is a beautiful garden (充满) flowers. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) It was such a (tired)day that I felt so (tired). (2) At the Paris Olympics, Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha were the winners of the table tennis mixed (double) final(决赛). (3) You can exercise at a (fit) center or you can run.  (4) He has two (baseball). This nice (baseball) glove belongs to him.  (5) I visit my grandparents (one)a month. (6) It is good (read) before bed. (7) Sandy plays basketball four (time) a week. (8) We heard some girls (sing) when we walked through the park. (9) The room was full children. (10) He goes to the gym (two)a week. (11) I need a new pair of (run) shoes for the race. (12) (keep) hens in the yard is interesting. (13) Some people like summer because they can go (swim). (14) Mary seldom (eat) chocolate. She thinks it’s bad for her teeth. (15) After (walk) for a long time, the little girl felt tired. (16) This ball isn’t (I). It belongs Jenny. (17) People all like (jog) there and enjoy themselves after work. (18) The blue one isn’t Anne’s. The yellow one is (her) . 3. 单项填空。 (1) —I’m sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired.              —Tired? That’s no ________. Smoking is not allowed(允许) here. A．practice B．excuse C．danger D．fitness (2) —I ________ visit my grandparents on weekends. —I usually live with my grandparents ________ on weekends. A．sometime; sometime B．sometimes; sometime C．sometime; some time D．sometimes; some time (3) —______ does Mary go to the Bubby Club? —Once a week. A．How often B．How long C．How far D．How much (4) —Elvis, how often do you use the Internet? —________ A．Twice a week B．Three hours C．Two years ago D．This afternoon (5) —Is this your bag, Lily?    —No, it's not ________. ________ bag is white. A．my; My B．mine; My C．my; Mine D．mine; Mine (6) —Do you have a ping-pong bat? —________. It’s on my table. A．Yes, I have B．No, I haven’t C．Yes, I do D．No, I don’t (7) —Do you usually exercise? —Yes, I usually go out and _______. A．play the piano B．listen to music C．eat snacks D．jump rope (8) —It is reported that many Chinese children are taking piano lessons. —But quite ________ have ________ interest in it and some even hate(讨厌) it. A．few, a few B．little, a little C．a few, little D．a few, a little (9) —I ________ eat vegetables. —But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day. A．often B．hardly C．usually D．always (10) Mrs. Wang spent too much ________ on the project, so she feels much too tired now. A．practice B．energy C．spirit D．culture 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) 你想知道跳绳是谁的，你可以这样问你的同伴： (2) 你想知道你的朋友多久锻炼一次，你可以这样问他： (3) 当你的朋友问你Are the shoes yours? 你想告诉他“不是你的。它们是Emma的”，你可以这样说： (4) 你想知道对方是否经常打篮球，你可以这样问： 7、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) 你想知道跳绳是谁的，你可以这样问你的同伴： (2) 你想知道你的朋友多久锻炼一次，你可以这样问他： (3) 当你的朋友问你Are the shoes yours? 你想告诉他“不是你的。它们是Emma的”，你可以这样说： (4) 你想知道对方是否经常打篮球，你可以这样问： 2. 阅读理解 A Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more energetic and clever. This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in these ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports right for you. You can exercise at fitness centers (健身中心). They have a lot of equipment there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you fit. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive. Exercising can be boring, you can ask friends to exercise together, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise? 1. In the passage, the writer tells us that we all need to ________. A．drink B．sleep C．exercise D．work 2. Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Fishing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Walking. 3. What’s the Chinese meaning of “equipment”? A．场地 B．设备 C．教练 D．饮食 4. Which of the following is true? A．Too much exercise is good for each of us. B．Children needn’t do any exercise because they are energetic and clever. C．We should try to exercise for hours a day. D．Exercise is not always interesting. B Playing sports plays an important role in our daily life. However, some parents say their children don’t like sports. Why? Some children don’t like sports because they don’t know how to play them. If the children know the rules of a new sport, maybe they will like it. Taking PE classes at school is a good way to learn new sports. Another way is to watch TV about sports. Children can also read some books to learn new sports. While some other children don’t like playing sports because they are on a team and don’t have fun. For those children, it’s a good idea to talk with their teachers or parents. With their help, maybe the children will like playing sports again. There are many different kinds of sports, so a child should find the sports that suit (适合) him or her. If a child doesn’t like team sports, parents can ask him or her to try individual sports, such as swimming and running. Playing sports is a good form of exercise, and it can help children keep active and healthy. Of course, many non-sport activities can also keep children active, such as walking a dog, cleaning the room and watering the garden. What about you? Do you like playing sports? 1. If children don’t have fun on a team, what will they do? A．They will play sports with their parents. B．They will not like studying. C．They will not like playing sports. D．They will play sports alone. 2. According to this passage, which of the following tips can help children love sports? ①Make them practice hard.              ②Help them understand the rules. ③Ask them to join a team.              ④Let children choose sports that suit them. A．②④ B．①② C．③④ D．①③ 3. What does the underlined word “form” mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Hobby. B．Rule. C．Way. D．Interest. 4. Which of the following sports CANNOT be called the individual sport? A．Swimming. B．Running. C．Jumping. D．Playing soccer. 5. What is the writer’s idea about playing sports? A．It can be difficult for most children. B．It can keep children active and healthy. C．It can help children get good grades. D．It can make children tired but happy. 3. 完形填空 A lot of people think that health is the key to happiness. Do you want to be healthy? Then you’d better know some ways to keep fit. First, eating 1 is very important. We should eat different kinds of food. For breakfast, we can have some bread, milk and eggs. They can give us enough 2 to start a new day. For lunch and dinner, we should have more vegetables and 3 . Meat is also necessary but we shouldn’t eat too 4 of it. We should also drink enough water every day. It helps our body work 5 . Second, we should do some exercise regularly. We can choose the exercise we like. Some people like running, some like 6 rope, and others like playing ball games. Exercise can make our body 7 and strong. Third, we should have good living 8 . We should go to bed and get up early. Staying up late is 9 for our health. We should also keep our living environment clean. A clean place can make us feel 10 and comfortable. Fourth, we should keep a good 11 . When we are happy, our body will be in a good state(状态). But if we are always 12 , it will affect(影响) our health. We should learn to deal with stress and problems in a right way. Finally, we can use some 13 to help us keep fit. For example, there are some fitness apps that can record our exercise and diet. They can give us some 14 on how to keep fit. In conclusion, keeping fit needs our 15 effort. Let’s take action and be healthy! 1.A．quickly B．slowly C．well D．badly 2.A．energy B．time C．money D．space 3.A．fruits B．candies C．chips D．cookies 4.A．many B．much C．few D．little 5.A．badly B．hardly C．smoothly D．quickly 6.A．making B．jumping C．doing D．having 7.A．weak B．thin C．fat D．active 8.A．ideas B．rules C．habits D．plans 9.A．good B．bad C．useful D．helpful 10.A．sad B．bored C．happy D．angry 11.A．mood B．look C．taste D．smell 12.A．happy B．excited C．stressed D．relaxed 13.A．books B．tools C．clothes D．toys 14.A．advice B．news C．stories D．jokes 15.A．whole B．all C．total D．full 4. 语篇填空 It’s important to develop healthy habits in our daily lives. The following advice can help you a lot.     1     (eat) healthily. We should eat three meals—breakfast, lunch and supper, especially breakfast. Breakfast is     2     most important meal in a day. We should have different     3     (kind) of foods, such as eggs, rice, fish, fruit and vegetables. They can give     4     (we) necessary energy, help us listen carefully in class and keep us     5     (health). But remember that too much sugar is bad     6     the teeth. Sweet food is delicious,     7     we shouldn’t have too much. Exercise regularly. Exercise can improve the moods and feelings. When we are in a bad mood, we can do exercise. What’s     8     (much), it’s good for the bones. There     9     (be) too many kinds of exercise to do, such as walking,     10     (run), playing ball games, swimming and dancing. We can choose our favourite to practise regularly. We will not only feel more active but think better after doing exercise. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Keep fit 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. do/play sport 进行体育运动 2. baseball glove 棒球手套 3. exercise mat 运动垫 4. *jump rope 跳绳用的绳子;跳绳(运动) 5. running shoes 跑步鞋 6. tennis/badminton racket 网球拍/羽毛球拍 7. *hardly ever 几乎从不 8. once or twice at weekends 周末一或两次 9. ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍 10. how often 多久一次 11. play ping-pong/basketball/badminton 打乒乓球/打篮球/打羽毛球 12. three times a week 一周三次 13. once a week 每周一次 14. not at all 一点也不 15. work as a team 团队合作 16. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧  17. play doubles 双打 18. go swimming/jogging 去游泳/去慢跑 19. *a few 少数;几个 20. *excuse me 劳驾;请原谅 21. *over there 在那边 22. *belong to 属于(某人) 23. hear birds singing 听见鸟在唱歌 24. after work 下班后 25. *working day 工作日 26. *full of 有许多;充满 27. keep fit 保持健康 28. every day 每天 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *fit /fit/ adj.健康的，健壮的；适合的，恰当的；合格的，胜任的；v.(大小和形状)适合；可容纳，装进；安置，把...放进；使适合，使胜任（某工作） [词汇拓展] <过去式>fitted; <动词ing>fitting； fitness(n.)健康；适合 [词汇搭配] keep fit保持健康；fit (sb) like a glove（大小、形状）完全合适，恰好合身 fit in... 找到时间（见某人、做某事）；找到足够的地方，有足够空间 fit in (with sb/sth)（与…）合得来；适应 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中fit的中文意思。 (1) She fitted her key in the lock. (v.) 安置，把...放进 (2) I can't find clothes to fit me. (v.) (大小和形状)适合 (3) His experience fitted him to do the job. (v.)使适合，使胜任（某工作） (4) You're not fit to be a mother! (adj.)合格的，胜任的 (5) She tries to keep fit by jogging every day. (adj.)健康的，健壮的 2. 球类运动名词 *baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔːl/ n.棒球(运动) *volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/ n.排球(运动) *badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ n.羽毛球运动 [词汇拓展] basketball (n.)篮球(运动)；football(n.)足球(运动)；(美)橄榄球(运动) ping-pong(n.)乒乓球运动；tennis(n.)网球运动 [词汇搭配] play baseball / volleyball / badminton 打棒球/打排球/打羽毛球 badminton racket 羽毛球拍 [词汇用法] 含“ball”的名词既可表示“某种球类运动”，也可以表示“某种球”，如baseball 既可以表示“棒球”，也可以表示“棒球运动”。不含“ball”的名词只能表示“某种运动”， 若要表示“某种球”，需要加ball，如tennis只能表示“网球运动”，表示网球要用tennis ball。 [词汇例句] Do you have a baseball? 你有网球吗？ Do you like playing baseball? 你喜欢打网球吗? [随学随练] 单项填空。 My brother often plays ________ baseball with his friends after school. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我哥哥放学后经常和他的朋友们打棒球。 考查冠词的用法。根据My brother often plays ..baseball with his friends after school可知，球类名词前不用冠词，play baseball“打棒球”。故选C。 3. *glove /ɡlʌv/ n.(手指分开的)手套 [词汇搭配] baseball glove棒球手套；a pair of gloves一副手套 [词汇例句] He put his gloves in the bag. 他把他的手套放在包里。 4. *rope /rəʊp/ n.绳子；粗绳 [词汇搭配] jump rope /dʒʌmp rəʊp/ 跳绳用的绳子；跳绳(运动) [词汇例句] The boys are playing football. The girls are jumping rope. 男生在踢足球。女生在跳绳。 5. *hardly /ˈhɑːdli/ adv.几乎不；几乎没有 [词汇搭配] hardly ever几乎从不 [词汇辨析] hardly / hard · hardly 是频度副词，表示“几乎不，几乎没有”。 I hardly ever go to concerts. 我很少去听音乐会。 · hard可以作形容词，表示“努力的；坚硬的；困难的”等含义，也可以用作副词，表示“努力地；猛烈地”等含义。hardly不是hard的副词形式。 I have to work hard today. 今天我得努力工作。(hard作副词，修饰动词work) He made it through hard work. 他通过努力工作做到了。(hard作形容词，修饰名词work) [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Mary works ________ on weekdays, but she ________ works on weekends in order to relax herself. A．hardly; hard B．hard; hardly C．hard; hard D．hardly; hardly 【答案】B 【详解】句意:玛丽在工作日努力工作，但为了放松自己，她在周末几乎不工作。 考查副词。hardly几乎不;hard努力地。work hard“努力工作”，根据on weekends in order to relax herself可知，为了放松，在周末不工作，故选B。 (2) The weather is terrible. It’s raining so ________ that we can ________ go out. A．hard; hard B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hardly D．hardly; hard 【答案】C 【详解】句意:天气很糟糕。雨下得很大，我们几乎不能出去。 考查副词辨析。hard用力地，猛烈地;hardly几乎不。根据It's raining so...可知，第一空指雨下得很大，应用hard;再根据we can.go out可知，雨下得很大，我们几乎不能出去，第二空应用hardly。故选C。 6. *ever /ˈevə(r)/ adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经 [词汇搭配] hardly ever几乎从不 [词汇例句] Don't you ever get tired? 难道你从来不累吗？ [随学随练] 单项填空。 Sports player Quan Hongchan ________ eats junk food, because she needs to stay healthy and prepare for competitions. A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．hardly ever 【答案】D 【详解】句意:体育运动员全红婵几乎不吃垃圾食品，因为她需要保持健康并为比赛做准备。 考查副词辨析。always总是;usually通常;sometimes有时候;hardly ever几乎不。根据because she needs to stay healthy and prepare for competitions可知，此处指的是全红婵几乎不吃垃圾食品，是因为她要保持健康参加比赛所以，“hardly ever几乎不”符合题意。故选D。 7. *once /wʌns/ adv.一次；曾经；conj. 一旦，一...就 [词汇拓展] twice (adv.)两次，两倍 [词汇搭配] at once立即；马上；once more/again 再一次；once or twice一两次；几次 [词汇例句] I once met your mother. 我曾经见过你母亲。 Once you make a plan, you should stick to it. 一旦你制定一个计划，你就要坚持。 8. * maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ adv.也许；大概 [词汇辨析] · maybe 是一个副词，用于表达可能性或不确定性，相当于"perhaps"，maybe不能在句中充当谓语动词。 Maybe I'll go to the art classroom later.”可能我待会儿去健身房。 · may be 是一个情态动词 may和be(原形)的结合，在句子中充当谓语动词，用于表达可能性。 He may be in the classroom now. 他现在也许在教室里。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ Mr. Li is in his office now. Go and find him. A．Be B．May be C．Maybe D．May 【答案】C 【详解】句意:也许李老师现在在办公室，去找他。 考查副词。Be是;Maybe可能是，情态动词+动词原形;Maybe也许，副词;May可以，情态动词。根据“Mr. Li is in his office now.”是完整的句子，不缺少任何成分，故使用副词Maybe。故选C。 (2) —Is this Lucy’s MP5? —I’m not sure. It _________ Eric’s MP5. _________ hers is in her schoolbag. A．may be; May be B．may be; Maybe C．maybe; May be D．maybe; Maybe 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--这是Lucy的MP5吗?--我不确定。它可能是Eric的MP5。也许她的在她书包里。 考查情态动词。may be是由情态动词may加be的原形构成，意为也许是，通常跟在主语的后边;maybe也许是副词，通常位于句首。根据回答“I’m not sure”可知，回答者不确定MP5是谁的。根据空所处的位置可以判断第一空填maybe，第二空应填Maybe。故选B。 9. *practice/'præktis/ n.练习；实践；通常的做法，惯例 [词汇拓展] practise (v.) 练习(美国英语中practice也用作动词)； practical (adj.)实际的；实用的；切实可行的 [词汇搭配] a week’s practice 一周的练习；practice/practise doing...练习做某事 in practice实际上，事实上；be/get out of practice疏于练习 practice makes perfect熟能生巧；put...into practice将...付诸实践 [词汇例句] She was taking all three of her daughters to basketball practice every day.她每天都带3个 女儿进行篮球训练。 [随学随练] 用practice翻译句子。 (1) 他决定将他的新想法付诸实践。 He decided to put his new ideas into practice. (2) 可别让我讲法语(French)！我已经生疏了。 Don't ask me to speak French! I'm out of practice. (3) 他每天都练习弹吉他。 He practicing playing the guitar every day. 10. *perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/ adj.完美的；极好的；十分合适的；/pə'fekt/ v. 使完美，完善 [词汇拓展] perfectly (adv.)完美地；imperfect(adj.)不完美的；perfectness(n.)完美 [词汇搭配] a perfect example典范；be perfect for对...十分合适 [词汇例句] She speaks perfect English. 她讲一口地道的英语。 It was a perfect day for a picnic.那是野餐最理想的天气。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 — In this English contest, our school’s wonderful show was thought highly of. —________. All the boys and girls had devoted(致力) themselves to the programme. A．It never rains but it pours B．Never put all the eggs into one basket C．Every dog has its day D．Practice makes perfect 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--在这次英语比赛中，我们学校的精彩表演受到了高度评价。--熟能生巧。所有的男孩和女孩都致力于这个节目。 考查习语。It never rains but it pours祸不单行;Never put all the eggs into one basket不要孤注一掷;Every dog has its day时来运转;Practice makes perfect熱能生巧。根据“All the boys and girls had devoted themselves to the programme.”可知，所有的男孩和女孩都致力于这个节目，因此表示他们进行了大量练习，节目才会很精彩，D项的“熟能生巧”符合题意。故选D。 11. *double /ˈdʌbl/ n.双打；两倍；adj.成双的；两倍的 [词汇拓展] single (n.)单打；(adj.)单个的 [词汇搭配] double doors双扇门；a double room双人间；play doubles(网球或羽毛球等的)双打 the Double Ninth Festival重阳节 [词汇例句] You and I can share a double room. 你和我可以共用一间双人间。 12. *few /fjuː/ adj.(表示否定的)很少的；几乎没有的 [词汇搭配] a few少数，几个；quite a few相当多 [词汇用法] · few用作形容词，与可数名词复数连用，表示否定含义，意为“不多，很少”；对应的，表示否定含义，与不可数名词连用时用little。 · a few用作形容词，与可数名词复数连用，表示肯定含义，意为“有些，几个”；对应的，表示肯定含义，与不可数名词连用时用a little。 There is a little milk. 有一些牛奶。(牛奶还有一些，不需要现在就买) There is little milk. We have to buy some. 还有一点牛奶。我们要去买了。(牛奶快没了) I have few apples. 我几乎没有苹果了。 I have a few apples. 我有一些苹果。 · little和a little可用作副词。little表示“不多的，一点点”，含否定含义；a little表示“一些”，含肯定含义。 I know little about the singer. 我对这名歌手几乎不了解。 She was a little shy. 他有点儿害羞。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What’s in the fridge? —There is ________ meat and ________ eggs. A．a little; a few B．much; a little C．some; a little 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--冰箱里有什么?--有一些肉和一些鸡蛋。 考查不定代词。a little修饰不可数名词;a few修饰可数名词复数;much修饰不可数名词;some既可修饰可数名词又可修饰可数名词。meat是不可数名词;eggs是可数名词复数。故选A。 (2) I can’t buy this coat, because it is ________ expensive. A．a few B．a little C．few D．little 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我不能买这件外套，因为它有点贵。 考查副词短语辨析。a few几个，可用作形容词或代词;few几乎没有，可用作形容词或代词; a little和little可以用作副词，空后的“expensive”是形容词，根据句意“我不能买这件外套，因为它有点贵”。故选B。 13. *excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v.原谅；宽恕；n.借口，理由 [词汇搭配] excuse me 劳驾；请原谅；make up an excuse编个借口 [词汇例句] It's just an excuse for a party. 这只是借故一起聚会。 I hope you'll excuse me for being so late. 我来得这么晚，希望你能原谅。 [词汇用法] excuse me用法 · 用于礼貌地引起注意，尤其是要提问时 Excuse me, but are you Mr Honig? 请问，您是霍尼格先生吗？ · 客气地请人让路 Excuse me, could you let me through?对不起，能让我过去吗？ · 因打扰别人或失礼表示歉意 Guy sneezed loudly. ‘Excuse me,’ he said.盖伊大声打了个喷嚏，然后说了声“对不起”。 · 婉转地表示不赞成 Excuse me, but I don't think that's true.很抱歉，我认为这不是真的。 · 婉转地要求离开或要与另外的人讲话 ‘Excuse me for a moment,’ she said and left the room.她说了声“很抱歉，失陪一会儿”就离开了房间。 · excuse me?(北美英语)没听清楚，请对方再说一遍 14. *belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ v.应在(某处) [词汇拓展] belonging (n.)属于 [词汇搭配] belong to属于(某人) [词汇例句] Where do these plates belong? 这些盘子该放在哪里？ 15. *working /ˈwɜ:kɪŋ/ adj. 工作的 [词汇拓展] work (v./n.)工作 [词汇搭配] working day 工作日；a working mother 在职母亲 [词汇例句] She spent most of her working life as a teacher. 她一生中大部分工作时间都当教师。 16. *energy /ˈenədʒi/ n.精力；能量；能源 [词汇拓展] energetic(adj.)精力充沛的 [词汇搭配] full of energy 充满活力；solar energy 太阳能 [词汇例句] He was saving his energy for next week's race in Belgium. 他正为下周在比利时的比赛 养精蓄锐。 She put all her energies into her work.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。 17. *group /ɡruːp/ n.组；群；v. （使）成群，成组；将…分类；把…分组 [词汇搭配] a group of house一片房子；work in groups分组工作 [词汇例句] She asked her students to get into groups of four.她让学生每四人分为一小组。 The children grouped themselves around their teacher. 孩子们聚集在老师周围。 18. over /ˈəʊvə(r)/ adv.在另一边；结束；prep.在…上方；超过；遍及 [词汇搭配] over there 在那边；all over the world世界各地；over and over反复，再三 think over仔细考虑；get over克服；go over仔细检查；复习；fall over绊倒 take over接管；turn over翻转；come over过来；短暂造访 [词汇例句] [词汇辨析] over / on / above · over指一个物体在另一个物体的正上方，两个物体之间不接触；还可以表示一个物体覆盖另一个物体。 · above表示一个物体在一个物体上方任意位置，且两个物体不接触。 · on指一个物体在另一个物体的上面，两个物体接触。 · over还可以表示“跨越，越过”，表示从某物的一边移至另一边。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Look! A boy is drawing ________ the bridge, and it is ________ the Hao River. A．over; on B．over; above C．on; over D．on; on 【答案】C 【详解】句意:看!一个男孩正在桥上画画，这座桥在河的上方。 考查介词词义辨析。over在……上面，一般指位高于某物;on在……上，指有接触面;above意为部分或全部覆盖在……上面，不一定垂直也不接触。第一空，人在桥上用on the bridge;第二空桥在河面上用over。故选C。 (2) To get a better grade, the students should ________ the notes again before the test. A．go over B．fall over C．turn over D．take over 【答案】A 【详解】句意:为了取得更好的成绩，学生应该在考试前再复习一遍笔记。 考查动词短语。go over复习;fall over摔倒;turn over翻转;take over接管。根据To get a better grade可知为了取得更好的成绩，应该在考试前再复习一遍笔记。故选A。 19. air /eə(r)/n.空气；空中；天空； [词汇拓展] open-air(adj.)户外的 [词汇搭配] in the open air在户外；in the air在空中；在传播中，可感觉到的 walk on air得意洋洋；fresh air清新的空气；by air乘飞机 book an air ticket预定一张飞机票 [词汇例句] Let's go and get some fresh air.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。 20. tired /tired/ adj.累的;疲倦的 [词汇拓展] tiring (adj.)令人疲倦的 [词汇搭配] feel tired感到累 [词汇例句] Let's go and get some fresh air.咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You look so ________ Tom. —Yes. The journey was ________. Climbing the hill almost killed me. A．tired; tired B．tiring; tired C．tired; tiring D．tiring; tiring 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--汤姆，你看起来很疲倦。-一是的，旅程太让人厌倦了。爬山几乎把我累死了。 考查形容词辨析。tired疲倦的;tiring令人疲倦的。第一空前主语“You”指人，用tired表示人感觉疲倦;第二空前主语“The journey”指物，用exciting表示旅程令人疲倦。故选C。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 谈论物品所属的表达 (1) —Do you have a ping-pong bat? 你有乒乓球拍吗？ —Yes , I do. 是的，我有。 Do you have ... ?句型用于询问对方是否有某物。 注意回答时，肯定回答用Yes, I do.；否定回答用No, I don’t. ，不用Yes, I have.回答。 (2) —Excuse me , is this your... ?打扰一下，这是你的...吗？ —Yes, that’s mine. Thanks. / No, that’s not mine. I think it’s... 是的，那是我的，谢谢。 / 不，那 不是我的。我想它是...的。 (3) Whose baseball glove is this? 这是谁的棒球手套？ whose用于询问“谁的”。 (4) Who does this T-shirt belong to? Is it yours? 这件T恤衫属于谁的？它是你的吗？ who用于询问“谁”，belong to表示“属于”。 (5) —Are these our baseballs? 这些是我们的棒球吗？ —No, they’re not ours. They belong to Emma and Ella. 不，它们不是我们的。它们属于Emma和 Ella。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) —你有一个足球吗？ —不，我没有。 —Do you have a football? —No, I don’t. (2) 这些乒乓球是你的吗？ Are these ping-pong balls yours? (3) 这是谁的羽毛球拍？ Whose badminton racket is this? (4) 这个篮球属于谁的？ Who does the basketball belong to? 2. 询问运动频率的问句 —How often do you play ping-pong? 你多久打一次乒乓球？ —I play it three times a week. 我每周打三次。 How often问句用于询问做某事的频率。 回答问句是使用频率表达，常见的有never,hardly ever, usually, once a year, twice a week, three times a week 等。 3. 其他句型解析 (1) I can hear birds singing. 我能听见鸟儿在唱歌。 “hear birds singing” 是“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。hear,see, watch等感官动词后可接“宾 语+宾语补足语”结构，当动词作宾语补足语时，用原型表示强调动作的整个过程；当强调动作 正在发生时，用动词-ing形式。 如：I often hear her sing in the room. 我经常听到她在房间唱歌。 I heard her singing when I walked past the room. 我从房间旁走过时，我听见她正在唱歌。 (2) It’s easy to go jogging. 慢跑很容易。 这个句子是“It’s + adj.+ to do ”结构的句型，表示“做某事是...样的”。当形容词是修饰事物 时，可以形容词后加上“for sb.”表示“对于某人而言做某事是...样的”；当形容词是修饰人物 时，可以形容词后加上“of sb.”表示“某人做某事是...样的”。 如：It’s important for students to learn English well. 对于学生而言，学好英语是重要的。 It’s so kind of him to help us. 他帮助了我们，他真是太善良的。 (3) Keeping fit is not that hard. 保持健康不是那么的困难。 此句中keeping fit充当主语成分，单个的动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。 如：Running is good for health. 跑步对健康有好处。 [随学随练] 翻译句子或补全句子。 (1) 我经常在公园里听到鸟儿们在歌唱。 I often hear some birds sing in the park. (2) 在这条深的河旁边玩对孩子们来说是危险的。 It’s dangerous for children to play beside the deep river. (3) 尊敬老人是重要的。 Respecting old people is important. It’s important to respect old people. 4、 单元语音学习 1. 字母i与ie，igh字母组合发音 (1) 字母i的常见发音 · 在重读开音节中发字母本音/aɪ/，如drive, polite, five等; · 在重读闭音节中发/ɪ/，如chip, bill, tick等。 (2) 元音字母组合ie的常见发音 · 在单音节的词末时发/aɪ/，如tie，lie等。 · 另一个发音是/iː/，如believe, niece等。 (3) 字母组合igh发/aɪ/，如night, fight等。 2. 字母y的常见发音 (1) 在单音节的词末或重读音节中发/aɪ/，如shy, sky等。 (2) 在非重读音节中发弱读音/i/，如busy, party等。 (3) y有时还可以发半元音/j/，如year, your等。 3. 英语的节奏 英语句子中有的词重读，有的词不重读。单词中有重读音节和非重读音节。重读和非重度音节在句子中 就形成一强一弱或一重一轻的变化，这就形成了英语的节奏。 中国学生往往受母语影响(汉语中每个音节花费的时间大体相同)，容易出现每个词都重读的问题，因此，在平时朗读文章是要注意训练英语的节奏。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) They had a jump rope (跳绳) competition at school. (2) Steve likes to play badminton (打羽毛球) with his family on weekends. (3) On working days (在工作日), David goes to the office by bus. (4) Jake didn’t give an excuse (理由) for his being late. (5) Sally bought a new baseball glove (棒球手套) for her brother. (6) This notebook is mine (我的).The blue one is hers (她的). (7) Eric practices (练习) the piano every day. And he plays it well. (8) The weather was perfect (完美的) for a picnic. (9) Anne seldom (很少) eats out with her friends. (10) Dave pointed to the handbag over there (在那边).It belongs to(属于) his mother. (11) They worked in a group (小组) to finish the project. (12) A few (一些) students gathered in front of the library. (13) Anna needs to save her energy (能量) for the exam. (14) If you want to change for a double(双人的) room, you’ll have to pay another $15. (15) Mary hardly ever (几乎从不) misses a day of school. (16) I have visited that museum once or twice (一两次). (17) Eating healthy food and going for walks can help you keep fit (保持健康). (18) Do you have a volleyball (排球)? (19) Malee likes to go jogging (慢跑) in the park. (20) There is a beautiful garden full of(充满) flowers. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) It was such a tiring (tired)day that I felt so tired(tired). (2) At the Paris Olympics, Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha were the winners of the table tennis mixed doubles(double) final(决赛). (3) You can exercise at a fitness(fit) center or you can run.  (4) He has two baseballs(baseball). This nice baseball(baseball) glove belongs to him.  (5) I visit my grandparents once (one)a month. (6) It is good to read(read) before bed. (7) Sandy plays basketball four times (time) a week. (8) We heard some girls singing(sing) when we walked through the park. (9) The room was full of children. (10) He goes to the gym twice (two)a week. (11) I need a new pair of running(run) shoes for the race. (12) Keeping(keep) hens in the yard is interesting. (13) Some people like summer because they can go swimming(swim). (14) Mary seldom eats (eat) chocolate. She thinks it’s bad for her teeth. (15) After walking (walk) for a long time, the little girl felt tired. (16) This ball isn’t mine (I). It belongs to Jenny. (17) People all like jogging(jog) there and enjoy themselves after work. (18) The blue one isn’t Anne’s. The yellow one is hers (her) . 3. 单项填空。 (1) —I’m sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired.              —Tired? That’s no ________. Smoking is not allowed(允许) here. A．practice B．excuse C．danger D．fitness 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--抱歉我出去抽烟了。我很累。--累了吗?这不是借口。这里不允许吸烟。 考查名词辨析。practice练习;excuse借口;danger危险；fitness健康。根据Tired?That's no... Smoking is not allowed here可知，累了不是在这抽烟的借口。故选B。 (2) —I ________ visit my grandparents on weekends. —I usually live with my grandparents ________ on weekends. A．sometime; sometime B．sometimes; sometime C．sometime; some time D．sometimes; some time 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--我有时在周末去看望我的祖父母。--我通常在周末和我的祖父母住在一起一段时间。考查副词辨析。sometime在(将来或过去的)某个时候;sometimes有时;some time一段时间。根据...visit my grandparents on weekends可知，此处表示频率，“sometimes有时”符合语境，排除AC;根据usually live with my grandparents..on weekends可知，周末跟祖父母住一段时间，用“some time一段时间”。故选D。 (3) —______ does Mary go to the Bubby Club? —Once a week. A．How often B．How long C．How far D．How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--玛丽多久去一次“Bubby俱乐部”?--一周一次。 考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次;How long多久;How far多远;How much多少钱。根据答语Once a week可知，询问频率故选A。 (4) —Elvis, how often do you use the Internet? —________ A．Twice a week B．Three hours C．Two years ago D．This afternoon 【答案】A 【详解】句意:--Elvis，你多久上网一次?--一周两次。 考查特殊疑问句。Twice a week一周二次:Three hours=小时:Two years ago二年前:This afternoon今天下午，根据how often可知，是对频次提问。故选A。 (5) —Is this your bag, Lily?    —No, it's not ________. ________ bag is white. A．my; My B．mine; My C．my; Mine D．mine; Mine 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--这是你的包吗，莉莉?--不，不是我的。我的包是白色的。 考查物主代词。my形容词性物主代词，mine名词性物主代词，名词bag的前面只能用形容词性物主代词my， 放于句子末尾的也只能是名词性物主代词mine，相当于my bag，故答案为B。 (6) —Do you have a ping-pong bat? —________. It’s on my table. A．Yes, I have B．No, I haven’t C．Yes, I do D．No, I don’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--你有乒乓球拍吗?--是的，我有。它在我的桌子上。 考查一般疑问句的回答。根据It’s on my table.可知此处作肯定回答;根据Do you...?可知肯定回答是Yes,I do。故选C。 (7) —Do you usually exercise? —Yes, I usually go out and _______. A．play the piano B．listen to music C．eat snacks D．jump rope 【答案】D 【详解】句意:--你经常锻炼吗?--是的，我经常出去跳绳 考查动词短语辨析。play the piano弹钢琴;listen to music听音乐;eat snacks吃零食;jump rope跳绳。根据Do you usually exercise?可知，此处是在讨论锻炼的话题，所以应该选择与锻炼相关的活动，jump rope符合语境。故选D。 (8) —It is reported that many Chinese children are taking piano lessons. —But quite ________ have ________ interest in it and some even hate(讨厌) it. A．few, a few B．little, a little C．a few, little D．a few, a little 【答案】C 【详解】句意:--据报道，许多中国孩子正在上钢琴课。--但有相当一部分人对它不感兴趣，有些人甚至讨厌它。 考查词组辨析。few几乎没有，表否定，后接可数名词;a few一些，表肯定，后接可数名词;little一点，表否定，后接不可数名词;a little少量的，表肯定，后接不可数名词。由But quite..have..interest in it and some even hate it可知，第一空表示相当一部分孩子，quite a few意为“相当多”;第二空表示对钢琴课没有多少兴趣甚至讨厌，interest为不可数名词，应用little。故选C。 (9) —I ________ eat vegetables. —But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day. A．often B．hardly C．usually D．always 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--我几乎不吃蔬菜。--但是它们对你的健康有好处!我们应该每天吃它们。 考查副词辨析。often经常;hardly八乎不;usually通常;always总是。根据But they are good for your healthy! We should eat them every day可知，但是蔬菜对健康有好处，我们应该每天吃它们;据此可以推断，对方应该是不怎么吃蔬菜，才会有后面关于蔬菜对健康有益的提醒，所以这里应该用表示否定频率的词。故选B。 (10) Mrs. Wang spent too much ________ on the project, so she feels much too tired now. A．practice B．energy C．spirit D．culture 【答案】B 【详解】句意:-王女士在这个项目上花费了太多的精力，所以她现在感觉太累了。 考查名词词义辨析。practice练习,energy精力,spirit精神,culture文化。根据so she feels much too tired now所以她现在感觉太累了，可知是花费了太多的“精力”，故填energy。故选B。 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 根据情境写句子。 (1) 你想知道跳绳是谁的，你可以这样问你的同伴： 【答案】Whose jump rope is it ? / Who does the jump rope belong to? (2) 你想知道你的朋友多久锻炼一次，你可以这样问他： 【答案】How often do you exercise? (3) 当你的朋友问你Are the shoes yours? 你想告诉他“不是你的。它们是Emma的”，你可以这样说： 【答案】No, they aren’t. They belong to Emma. / No, they aren’t. They are Emma’s. (4) 你想知道对方是否经常打篮球，你可以这样问： 【答案】Do you often play basketball ? 2. 阅读理解 A Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more energetic and clever. This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise. There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in these ways: you have to like what you’re doing. Exercise enough but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports right for you. You can exercise at fitness centers (健身中心). They have a lot of equipment there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you fit. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive. Exercising can be boring, you can ask friends to exercise together, or they can play sports together. How do you exercise? 1. In the passage, the writer tells us that we all need to ________. A．drink B．sleep C．exercise D．work 2. Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned (提到) in the passage? A．Fishing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Walking. 3. What’s the Chinese meaning of “equipment”? A．场地 B．设备 C．教练 D．饮食 4. Which of the following is true? A．Too much exercise is good for each of us. B．Children needn’t do any exercise because they are energetic and clever. C．We should try to exercise for hours a day. D．Exercise is not always interesting. 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】D 【导语】本文主要讲述了体育锻炼对于我们健康的重要性，以及如何进行体育锻炼等问题。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据We all need to exercise可知，作者告诉我们大家都需要锻炼，故选C。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据You can walk,run,swim,skate,or play ball games可知，文中没有提到钓鱼，故选A。 【小题3】词义理解题。根据The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you fit 中的描述可知，这些……将有助于锻炼你的手臂、腿和身体的其他部位，使你健康。由此推知，“equipment”的中文意思是“设备”，故选B。 【小题4】推理判断题。根据Exercising can be boring”可知，有时锻炼会无聊，选项D“运动并不总是有趣的”表述正确，故选D。 B Playing sports plays an important role in our daily life. However, some parents say their children don’t like sports. Why? Some children don’t like sports because they don’t know how to play them. If the children know the rules of a new sport, maybe they will like it. Taking PE classes at school is a good way to learn new sports. Another way is to watch TV about sports. Children can also read some books to learn new sports. While some other children don’t like playing sports because they are on a team and don’t have fun. For those children, it’s a good idea to talk with their teachers or parents. With their help, maybe the children will like playing sports again. There are many different kinds of sports, so a child should find the sports that suit (适合) him or her. If a child doesn’t like team sports, parents can ask him or her to try individual sports, such as swimming and running. Playing sports is a good form of exercise, and it can help children keep active and healthy. Of course, many non-sport activities can also keep children active, such as walking a dog, cleaning the room and watering the garden. What about you? Do you like playing sports? 1. If children don’t have fun on a team, what will they do? A．They will play sports with their parents. B．They will not like studying. C．They will not like playing sports. D．They will play sports alone. 2. According to this passage, which of the following tips can help children love sports? ①Make them practice hard.              ②Help them understand the rules. ③Ask them to join a team.              ④Let children choose sports that suit them. A．②④ B．①② C．③④ D．①③ 3. What does the underlined word “form” mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Hobby. B．Rule. C．Way. D．Interest. 4. Which of the following sports CANNOT be called the individual sport? A．Swimming. B．Running. C．Jumping. D．Playing soccer. 5. What is the writer’s idea about playing sports? A．It can be difficult for most children. B．It can keep children active and healthy. C．It can help children get good grades. D．It can make children tired but happy. 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】B 【导语】本文主要讨论了儿童不喜欢运动的原因以及如何帮助他们爱上运动。 【小题1】细节理解题。根据While some other children don’t like playing sports because they are on a team and don't have fun.”可知，如果孩子们在一个团队中没有乐趣，也许他们不喜欢运动。故选C。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据If the children know the rules of a new sport, maybe they will like it”和"There are many different kinds of sports, so a child should find the sports that suit him or her”可知，帮助他们理解规则和让孩子们选择适合他们的运动能够帮助孩子热爱运动。故选A。 【小题3】词句猜测题。根据Playing sports is a good form of exercise, and it can help children keep active and healthy可知，做运动是一种好的锻炼方式。所以，form与way意思相近。故选C。 【小题4】细节理解题。根据If a child doesn’t like team sports, parents can ask him or her to try individual sports, such as swimming and running.”可知，足球不属于个人运动。故选D。 【小题5】细节理解题。根据Playing sports is a good form of exercise, and it can help children keep active and healthy可知，作者认为运动能让孩子保持活力和健康。故选B。 3. 完形填空 A lot of people think that health is the key to happiness. Do you want to be healthy? Then you’d better know some ways to keep fit. First, eating 1 is very important. We should eat different kinds of food. For breakfast, we can have some bread, milk and eggs. They can give us enough 2 to start a new day. For lunch and dinner, we should have more vegetables and 3 . Meat is also necessary but we shouldn’t eat too 4 of it. We should also drink enough water every day. It helps our body work 5 . Second, we should do some exercise regularly. We can choose the exercise we like. Some people like running, some like 6 rope, and others like playing ball games. Exercise can make our body 7 and strong. Third, we should have good living 8 . We should go to bed and get up early. Staying up late is 9 for our health. We should also keep our living environment clean. A clean place can make us feel 10 and comfortable. Fourth, we should keep a good 11 . When we are happy, our body will be in a good state(状态). But if we are always 12 , it will affect(影响) our health. We should learn to deal with stress and problems in a right way. Finally, we can use some 13 to help us keep fit. For example, there are some fitness apps that can record our exercise and diet. They can give us some 14 on how to keep fit. In conclusion, keeping fit needs our 15 effort. Let’s take action and be healthy! 1.A．quickly B．slowly C．well D．badly 2.A．energy B．time C．money D．space 3.A．fruits B．candies C．chips D．cookies 4.A．many B．much C．few D．little 5.A．badly B．hardly C．smoothly D．quickly 6.A．making B．jumping C．doing D．having 7.A．weak B．thin C．fat D．active 8.A．ideas B．rules C．habits D．plans 9.A．good B．bad C．useful D．helpful 10.A．sad B．bored C．happy D．angry 11.A．mood B．look C．taste D．smell 12.A．happy B．excited C．stressed D．relaxed 13.A．books B．tools C．clothes D．toys 14.A．advice B．news C．stories D．jokes 15.A．whole B．all C．total D．full 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】A 【小题4】B 【小题5】C 【小题6】B 【小题7】D 【小题8】C 【小题9】B 【小题10】C 【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】B 【小题14】A 【小题15】A 【导语】本文主要介绍了保持健康的几种方法，包括合理饮食、定期锻炼、良好的生活习惯、保持积极心态以及使用一些工具来帮助健身。 【小题1】句意:首先，吃得好非常重要。 quickly快地;slowly慢地;well好地;badly糟糕地，根据For breakfast, we can have some bread, milk and eggs可知,此处指早餐吃得好，营养全面。故选C。 【小题2】句意:它们可以给我们足够的能量开始新的一天。 energy能量;time时间;money金钱;space 空间。根据to start a new day可知，早餐能提供开始新一天的能量。故选A。 【小题3】句意:午餐和晚餐我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果。 fruits水果;candies糖果;chips营片;cookies饼干。根据we should have more vegetables可知，水果是健康饮食的一部分。故选A。 【小题4】句意:肉也是必要的，但我们不应该吃太多。 many许多;much许多;few很少;little很少。根据Meat is also necessary but we shouldn't eat too可知，应适量吃肉。不要吃太多。meat是不可数名词，用much修饰。故选B。 【小题5】句意:它帮助我们的身体顺利运作。 badly槽糕地;hardly几乎不;smoothly顺利地;quickly快速地。根据It helps our body可知，水对身体功能有促进作用，能让身体顺利工作。故选C。 【小题6】句意:有些人喜欢跑步，有些人喜欢跳绳。 making制作;jumping跳跃;doing做;having拥有。根据“rope”可知，此处指跳绳。故选B。 【小题7】句意:锻炼可以使我们的身体活跃和强壮。 weak虚弱的;thin瘦的;fat胖的;active活跃的。根据and strong可知，此处指锻炼对身体的好处是使身体活跃。故选D。 【小题8】句意:第三，我们应该有良好的生活习惯。 ideas想法;rules规则;habits习惯;plans 计划。根据We should go to bed and get up early可知，早睡属于好的生活习惯。故选C。 【小题9】句意:熬夜对我们的健康有害。 good好的;bad坏的;useful有用的;helpful有帮助的。根据We should go to bed and get up early可知，熬夜是不好的。故选B. 【小题10】句意:一个干净的地方可以让我们感到快乐和舒适。 sad悲伤的;bored无聊的;happy快乐的;angry生气的。根据“comfortable”可知，干净的地方对我们有好处。故选C。 【小题11】句意:我们应该保持良好的心情。 mood心情;look外貌;taste味道;smell气味。根据“When we are happy”可知，此处指保持好的情绪。故选A。 【小题12】句意:但如果我们总是感到压力，它会影响我们的健康。 happy快乐的;excited兴奋的;stressed有压力的;relaxed放松的。根据it will affect our health可知，压力会影响健康。故选C。 【小题13】句意:最后，我们可以使用一些工具来帮助我们保持健康。 books书;tools工具;clothes衣服;toys玩具。根据“there are some fitness apps”可知，健身应用程序属于工具。故选B。 【小题14】句意:它们可以给我们一些关于如何保持健康的建议。 advice建议;news新闻;stories故事;jokes笑话。根据there are some fitness apps that can record our exercise and diet.和常识可知，健身应用程序会提供建议。故选A。 【小题15】句意:总之，保持健康需要我们全部的努力。 whole全部的，强调整体，位于冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之后;a所有的，位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及名词所有格之前;total总的，常用于表示数量;full满的。空处位于形容词性物主代词之后，且表示保持健康需要持续整体的努力，用whole。故选A。 4. 语篇填空 It’s important to develop healthy habits in our daily lives. The following advice can help you a lot.     1     (eat) healthily. We should eat three meals—breakfast, lunch and supper, especially breakfast. Breakfast is     2     most important meal in a day. We should have different     3     (kind) of foods, such as eggs, rice, fish, fruit and vegetables. They can give     4     (we) necessary energy, help us listen carefully in class and keep us     5     (health). But remember that too much sugar is bad     6     the teeth. Sweet food is delicious,     7     we shouldn’t have too much. Exercise regularly. Exercise can improve the moods and feelings. When we are in a bad mood, we can do exercise. What’s     8     (much), it’s good for the bones. There     9     (be) too many kinds of exercise to do, such as walking,     10     (run), playing ball games, swimming and dancing. We can choose our favourite to practise regularly. We will not only feel more active but think better after doing exercise. 【答案】 【小题1】Eat 【小题2】the 【小题3】kinds 【小题4】us 【小题5】healthy 【小题6】for 【小题7】but 【小题8】more 【小题9】are 【小题10】running 【导语】本文主要提供了一些在日常生活中养成健康习惯的建议。 【小题1】句意:吃得健康。根据“The following advice can help you a lot.”以及后文提到的饮食建议可知，此处是在给出建议，且此处为祈使句，因此用动词原形“Eat”开头。故填Eat。 【小题2】句意:早餐是一天中最重要的一顿饭。根据"Breakfast is.most important meal in a day.”可知，此处表示“早餐是一天中最重要的一顿饭”，此处为形容词最高级用法，且形容词最高级前要加定冠词“the”。故填the。【小颗3】句意:我们应该吃不同种类的食物，比如鸡蛋、米饭、鱼、水果和蔬菜。根据"different”可知，此处用名词复数形式“kinds”表示“种类”。故填kinds。 【小题4】句意:它们能给我们提供必要的能量。根据“give”可知，此处用宾格"us”作宾语，表示“给我们”。故填us。 【小题5】句意:帮助我们在课堂上认真听讲，并保持我们健康。根据“keepu..”可知，此处用形容词"healthy”作宾语补足语，表示“保持我们健康”。故填healthy。 【小题6】句意:但是记住，太多的糖对牙齿有害。根据“too much sugar is bad..the teeth”可知，此处表示"对.有害”，用固定搭配“be bad for”。故填for。 【小题7】句意:甜食很好吃，但是我们不应该吃太多。根据"Sweet food is delicious”和"we shouldn't have too much"可知，前后句意存在转折关系，因此用转折连词“but”。故填but。 【小题8】句意:更重要的是，它对骨骼有好处。根据“it's good for the bones”以及“What'...”可知，此处表示"更重要的是”，用固定搭配“what's more”。故填more。 【小题9】句意:有太多的运动种类可以做。根据“too many kinds of exercise to do”可知，此处描述的是客观事实，且主语“There”为第三人称单数，但是此处表示“有”，因此用there be句型的复数形式“are”。故填are。 【小题10】句意:比如散步、跑步、打球、游泳和跳舞。根据"such as walking”以及“running”可知，此处列举的是运动项目，且此处为动名词作例子，因此用动名词“running”。故填running。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$