Unit 4 Weather and our lives【速记清单】-2024-2025学年六年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（沪教版五四制2024）

Unit 4 Weather and our lives Unit4 Weather and our lives 话题 天气和我们的生活 词汇 1.search /sɜːtʃ/ v.搜索；搜寻；搜查；查找 2.airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ n.机场 3.location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.地方；地点；位置 4.capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n.首都；国都 5.wet /wet/ adj.湿的；潮湿的 6.foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adj.有雾的 7.north /nɔːθ/ n.北；北方 adv.向北；朝北 8.quite /kwaɪt/ adv.相当；非常 9.temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ n.温度；气温 10.drop /drɒp/ v.降低；减少 11.degree /dɪˈɡriː/ n.度；度数 12.Celsius /ˈselsiəs/ n.摄氏 13.dry /draɪ/ adj.干的；干燥的 14.south /saʊθ/ n.南部；南方 adv.向南；朝南 15.still /stɪl/ adv.还；仍然 16.wind /wɪnd/ n.风 17.cloud /klaʊd/ n.云；云朵 18.fog /fɒɡ/ n.雾 19.skate /skeɪt/ v.滑冰；溜冰 20.picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n.野餐 21.sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n.阳光；日光 22.hate /heɪt/ v.讨厌；憎恶 23.extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj.极度的；极大的 24.news /njuːz/ n.媒体对重要事情的报道；新闻 25.heat /hiːt/ n.热；高温 26.wave /weɪv/ n.海浪；波浪 27.heatwave /ˈhi:tweɪv/ n.酷热期；热衷 28.hit /hɪt/ v.达到(某水平) 29.several /ˈsevrəl/ det.&pron.几个；数个 30.break /breɪk/ v.打破；破；裂；碎 31.record /ˈrekɔːd/ n.纪录；记录 /rɪˈkɔːd/ v.记录 32.reach /riːtʃ/ v.增加到；达到 33.break out突然开始；爆发 34.area /ˈeəriə/ n.(地方、城市、国家、世界的)地区，地域 35.runway /ˈrʌnweɪ/ n.飞机跑道 36.action /ˈækʃn/ n.行动；行为过程 37.pupil /ˈpjuːpl/ n.学生；小学生 38.uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n.制服；校服 39.indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv.在室内 40.leaf /li:f/ n.(pl.leaves)叶子 41.fact /fækt/ n.现实；实际情况 42.in fact事实上 43.average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.平均的 44.increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ v.增长；增加 45.coal /kəʊl/ n.煤 46.cause /kɔːz/ v.引起；使发生 n.原因；事业 47.worse /wɜːs/ adj.(bad的比较级)更差的；更糟的 48.soon /su:n/ adv.很快；马上；不久 49.regards /rɪˈɡɑːdz/ n.(pl.)致意；问候 短语 1.use a weather app使用一个天气应用程序 2.prepare for为……做准备 3.a weather report天气报告 4.complete...with...用……完成…… 5.drop to降到 6.very cold非常冷 7.in the north在北方 8.in the south在南方 9.be rainy all day全天下雨 10.swim in the sea在海里游泳 11.wear the right clothes穿合适的衣服 12.besides the weather除了天气以外 13.go swimming去游泳 14.go to the beach去海滩 15.go cycling去骑自行车 16.have a picnic=go on a picnic野餐 17.plant trees植树 18.fly kites放风筝 19.make snowmen堆雪人 20.go skating去滑冰 21.extreme heatwave极端热浪 22.temperatures broke records气温打破纪录 23.reach 40.3℃达到40.3摄氏度 24.the hottest day最热的一天 25.fires broke out火灾爆发 26.trains had to slow down火车必须减速 27.an airport closed一个机场关闭 28.parts of the runway started to break open部分跑道开始破裂 29.schools were closed学校关闭 30.take action to keep cool采取措施保持凉爽 31.play indoors在室内玩耍 32.cool their animals down给动物降温 33.iced vegetables,leaves or fish冰冻的蔬菜、叶子或鱼 34.the average temperature of the Earth地球的平均气温 35.increase by about 1℃上升了大约1摄氏度 36.since the late 1700s自18世纪末以来 37.cause the problem引起问题 38.make it worse day by day使情况日益恶化 39.late spring春末 40.in this season在这个季节 语法 it的用法 考点1. search /sɜːtʃ/ v.搜索；搜寻；搜查；查找 【例句】The students searched the library for the information they needed. 学生们在图书馆中寻找所需的信息。 【搭配】search for寻找 【词转】research n.研究；调查 考点2. location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.地方；地点；位置 【例句】The location of the event was easy to find. 这个活动的地点很容易找到。 【词转】locate v.确定……的准确地点 local adj.当地的；本地的n.当地人；本地人 考点3.wet /wet/ adj.湿的；潮湿的 【例句】The grass was still wet after the rain. 雨后草地仍然是湿的。 【词转】wetness n.湿润 【搭配】get wet弄湿 wet weather潮湿的天气 【反义】dry adj.干的；干燥的 考点4. foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adj.有雾的 【例句】It was a foggy morning,so we couldn’t see the road clearly. 那是一个有雾的早晨，所以我们看不清路。 【词转】fog n.雾 【搭配】thick fog浓雾 考点5.north /nɔːθ/ n.北；北方 adv.向北；朝北 【例句】Which way is north? 哪边是北？ 【例句】They drove north to reach the mountains. 他们向北开车去到山里。 【拓展】north adj.北方的；向北的；北方吹来的 【搭配】in the north在北方 to the north朝北 north wind北风 【词转】northern adj.北方的；北部的 考点6. south /saʊθ/ n.南部；南方 adv.向南；朝南 【例句】They travelled south for the winter. 他们南下过冬。 【拓展】south adj.南方的；向南的；南方吹来的 【搭配】in the south在南方 to the south朝南 south wind南风 【词转】southern adj.南方的；南部的 考点7.hate /heɪt/ v.讨厌；憎恶 【例句】I hate it when it rains all day. 我讨厌整天下雨。 【搭配】hate to do sth.讨厌做某事 hate doing sth.一直讨厌做某事 【近义】dislike v.不喜爱；厌恶 考点8.heat /hi:t/ n.热；高温 【例句】The heat made it hard to sleep at night. 炎热使得晚上难以入睡。 【搭配】high heat高温 【词转】hot adj.热的 heat v.加热 heater n.加热器 考点9. hit /hɪt/ v.达到(某水平) [hit→hit→hit] 【例句】The temperature is expected to hit 40 degrees today. 今天的气温预计将达到40度。 【搭配】hit a record high达到创纪录的高点 【拓展】hit n.打击 考点10..break /breɪk/ v.打破；破；裂；碎 [break→broke→broken] 【例句】The vase broke when it fell on the floor. 花瓶掉在地上摔破了。 【搭配】break into破门而入 break down出故障；坏掉 考点11.soon /su:n/ adv.很快；马上；不久 【例句】I’ll be back soon with the answer. 我很快就会带着答案回来。 【搭配】soon after不久之后 as soon as possible尽快 how soon多快 考点12.regards /rɪˈɡɑːdz/ n.(pl.)致意；问候 【例句】Please give my regards to your family. 请代我向你的家人问好。 【搭配】with regards致以问候 【词转】regard v.将……认为；把……视为 语法精讲——it的用法 在英语中,it的使用相当广泛,它既可以用作代词,也可用作引导词,还可用在强调结构中. (一)作人称代词 这时it指前面已经提到过的人或事物. -Where is the cat?-猫在哪儿? -It is lying under the chair.-它躺在椅子下面. He took off the first shoe and threw it on the floor.他脱下第一只鞋子,把它扔在地板上. I've seen the film Gone with the Wind, It is very interesting.我看过电影《飘》.这部电影很有意思. (二)作非人称代词 1.当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可以用it指代. Is it a boy or a girl?是男孩还是女孩? There is someone knocking at the door. Who is it?有人敲门.是谁呢? 2.it除可代替事物外,还可指时间、天气、距离、重量、状况或其他情况等 It's time for class.是上课的时候了. It's warm today.今天天气暖和.It weighs 350 pounds.重量为350磅. 3.it有时不确指 How's it going with you?你近况如何? It was dull when Mary was away.玛丽不在,真没劲. How is it going?情况怎么样? 4.it还可用于强调结构 英语常用的强调结构为it is(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)＋who(that)....一般说来,被强调部分指人时用who(that),指物时用that. It is Li Lei that cleaned the classroom.是李雷打扫了教室. It was yesterday that l bought the book.我是昨天买这本书的. (三)作形式主语 为了避免将句中作真实主语的不定式短语、-ing分词短语和主语从句置于句首造成头重脚轻,习惯上用it作形式主语来指代后面的真实主语. 1.代替不定式短语 It is wrong to tell a lie.说谎是不对的. It is necessary to buy that dictionary.有必要买下那本词典. 2.代替-ing分词短语 It is no use going there so early.这么早去那里没用. It is no use learning without thinking.学而不思则罔. 3.代替主语从句 It is said that Mary is leaving for London tomorrow.据说玛丽明天要动身前往伦敦. It is certain that we shall succeed.我们一定会成功. (四)it常用句型 1.It + v. + to do sth. · It takes her a week to finish reading this book. · It cost me five hundred dollars. 2.It + be + adj.+ to do sth. · It’s glad to see you gain. · It was funny to visit Uncle Li’s farm. 3.It + be + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. （用于形容事情） · It was not easy for him to overcome the difficulty. · It’s impossible for me to finish the task without you. 4.It + be + adj.+ of sb. to do sth.（用于形容人） · It’s nice of you to help me carry the heavy box. · It’s helpful of him to do chores with his parents. 5.It + be + n. + to do sth. · It’s my pleasure to introduce you to my friends. · It’s great fun travelling with so many friends. 6.It is / has been + 时间段+since... · It’s/ has been more than ten years since we met one another last time. · It’s/ has been twenty years since he gave up smoking. 7.It + is + the first/ second/ third time + that...（现在完成时） · It is the first time that I have seen the film. · It’s the second time that she has read Treasure Island. It + was + the first/ second/ third time + that...（过去完成时） · It was the third time that he had been the natural museum. · It was the fourth time that my cousins had visited me. 8.It was +时间段+ before... “过了多久才......” 一、单项选择 1．It’s polite ________ others. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：帮助别人是有礼貌的。 考查it固定句型。help帮助，动词原形；to help动词不定式；helping动名词或现在分词；helps动词的第三人称单数形式。根据“It’s polite…”可知，此处是固定句型“It’s+形容词+to do sth”表示“做某事是……的”，所以此处应用to help。故选B。 2．It’s time ________ our class. A．to begin B．begin C．beginning D．to beginning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：到我们上课的时间了。 考查非谓语动词。It’s time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“到做某事的时间了”，所以此处应用动词不定式to begin。故选A。 3．It’s important ________ us to eat a balanced diet. A．for B．of C．to D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：均衡饮食对我们来说很重要。 考查it固定句式。for为了；of属于……的；to向；with具有。根据“to eat a balanced diet”可知，此处指均衡饮食对我们很重要，使用It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故选A。 4．________ seems that you know a lot about this city. A．This B．It C．You D．That 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看起来你对这座城市了解很多。 考查代词辨析。This这个；It它；You你；That那个。“It seems that ...”，意为“看来……，似乎……”，固定句式，it作形式主语。故选B。 5．—Is it great fun ________ around the world with our friends? —Yes. We can have fun ________ the beautiful sights on the way. A．travelling; to enjoy B．to travel; enjoying C．travelling; enjoying D．to travel; to enjoy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——和我们的朋友一起环游世界很有趣吗？——是。我们可以在路上享受美丽的风景。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Is it great fun…around the world”可知，第一空考查“it is+名词+to do sth”固定结构，因此填不定式to travel；根据“We can have fun”可知，考查have fun doing sth“做某事很高兴”，因此填动名词enjoying。故选B。 6．________ wasn’t s easy to predict weather in the past. A．It B．These C．This D．Its 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过去预测天气并不容易。 考查it作形式主语。It is/was+adj.+to do sth“做某事……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故选A。 7．It is not polite ________ you to speak ________ mouth full. A．for; when B．of; when C．for; with D．of; with 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你嘴里满是食物时说话是不礼貌的。 考查介词辨析。for对于；of属于……的；with带有；when当……时。It is+形容词 for/of sb to do sth为固定句型，用of时强调人的品质特征，for指“对于某人来说”；此处polite指人的品质特征，应用介词of；排除A、C；when引导时间状语从句，空后并非句子，不能用when，排除B。故选D。 8．We found ________ necessary to plant more trees when spring comes. A．it B．this C．that D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们发现春天来的时候有必要种更多的树。 考查it作形式宾语。it它；this这个；that那个；what什么。根据“We found...necessary to plant more trees when spring comes.”可知，此处it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语。故选A。 9．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——北京天气怎么样？——温暖而晴朗。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么；It’s它是；How如何；It它。询问天气可以用“How is the weather?”或“What is the weather like?”。此处用how，排除A、D；第二句缺少主语和谓语，主语是it，be动词用is。故选B。 10．—Tom, it’s time ________ class.             —OK. Let’s ________. A．for; going B．for; go C．to; go D．to; going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Tom，上课时间到了。——好的。让我们走吧。 考查介词和非谓语动词。for为了；to到；going去，动名词或现在分词；go去，动词原形。it’s time for sth“是做某事的时间了”，第一空用介词for；let’s do sth“让我们做某事”，第二空用动词原形。故选B。 11．It’s very kind ________ you to share your report with me. A．of B．for C．to D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你和我分享你的报告，你真是太好了。 考查介词辨析。“It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，这里的形容词kind是用来描述人的品质、性格等内在特征；“It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”表示“对于某人来说做某事是……的”，其中的形容词一般是描述事情的性质。根据语境可知，此处是在夸赞“you”的善良品质，描述人所以用“of”。“to”和“with”无此搭配用法。故选A。 12．________ is not easy for people to keep exercising every day. A．That B．This C．It D．One 【答案】C 【详解】句意：人们每天保持锻炼是不容易的。 考查代词用法。That那个；This这个；It它；One泛指一类。根据分析句子成分可知，本句为固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth，表示“做某事对某人来说是……”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to keep exercising every day。故选C。 13．I found ________ important to keep exercising to keep fit. A．one B．this C．that D．it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我发现坚持锻炼来保持健康很重要。 考查it的用法。one一个；this这个；that那个；it它。分析句子结构可知，此处是it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，句型是“find it+形容词+to do sth”，意为“发现做某事……”。故选D。 14．It is so careless of him ________ his homework at home again. A．leave B．to leave C．forget D．to forget 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他又把作业忘在家里了，真是太粗心了。 考查动词辨析和it固定句型。leave遗忘，动词原形；to leave遗忘，动词不定式；forget忘记，动词原形；to forget忘记，动词不定式。It is adj of sb to do意为“某人做某事是怎样的”，to do作真正的主语，故排除A和C；根据“...his homework at home”可知，此处表示把作业忘在家里，leave sth+介词短语，意为“把某物遗忘在某处”。故选B。 二、阅读理解 Do you ever go to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原)? The weather there changes a lot in summer. You can experience “four seasons” in just one day. What is it like? Let’s have a look. “Spring” morning The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is very high. In the early morning, it’s cool. After the sun comes out, it becomes warm. It’s like spring. It’s a good time to take a walk. “Summer” noon At noon, it’s sunny and hot. You might feel like it’s summer. The sunlight is so strong that you might want to wear a pair of sunglasses. Sometimes, it rains, but the rain doesn’t last long. If you are lucky enough, you may see rainbows. “Autumn” afternoon In the afternoon, the temperature goes down quickly, especially (尤其) after the sun goes down. It’s cool, just like in autumn. People have to put on warm clothes. “Winter” night Late at night, it gets cold, like winter. People usually sleep with a thick quilt. The rainy season is from June to September each year. It often rains at night. 15．The weather in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau changes a lot in ________. A．summer B．spring C．autumn D．winter 16．What does the underlined word “last” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．最后 B．持续 C．下次 D．停止 17．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage? A．It’s a good time to take a walk in the morning. B．The temperature goes down quickly at night. C．It rains a lot from June to September each year. D．You may see a rainbow after a heavy rain. 18．In which month does the rainy season end? A．June. B．July. C．August. D．September. 19．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A newspaper. C．A travel guidebook. D．A letter. 【答案】15．A 16．B 17．B 18．D 19．C 【导语】本文是说明文，向读者介绍了青藏高原夏季多变的气候特点。 15．细节理解题。根据“The weather there changes a lot in summer. ”可知，夏天天气经常变化。故选A。 16．词义猜测题。根据“Sometimes, it rains, but the rain doesn’t last long. If you are lucky enough, you may see rainbows. ”可知，前后句意表示转折，有时下雨，但应该下的时间不长，因此如果幸运的话能看到彩虹；由此可推断划线单词“last”的意思应是“持续”。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“In the afternoon, the temperature goes down quickly, especially after the sun goes down.”可知，下午气温下降很快。选项B“晚上气温下降快”是错误的。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“The rainy season is from June to September each year.”可知，雨季在九月结束。故选D。 19．推理判断题。文章主要介绍青藏高原的天气特点，适合为旅行者提供参考，因此最可能出自旅游指南。故选C。 三、完形填空 Do you know London? It is a beautiful 20 . It lies in the south of England. The city has 21 parts: the South and the North. There 22 many famous buildings, shops, big parks and interesting places. The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot. Why does London have such good weather? That’s because the city is near the sea. But London is a foggy city and it often has 23 days. The people there often go out with an umbrella. I am in London now. Today, I meet thick fog. I can’t see anything 24 . Cars and buses move along with their lights on. In the evening, the weather becomes even worse. The fog is so thick that all the buses and cars stop. I have to 25 to my office on time because I have an important meeting. However, I can’t find a bus, a car or a taxi. In the end, I have to get there by taxi. 20．A．village B．town C．city D．country 21．A．two B．four C．three D．one 22．A．have B．has C．are D．is 23．A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 24．A．early B．late C．quietly D．clearly 25．A．get B．arrive C．reach D．leave 【答案】20．C 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．A 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦冬暖夏凉和多雾的特点，结合自己的经历说明了大雾对人们出行的重要影响。 20．句意：它是一座漂亮的城市。 village村庄；town城镇；city城市；country国家。根据“Do you know London”可知伦敦是一个城市，故选C。 21．句意：这座城市有两部分；南部和北部。 two二；four四；three三；one一。根据“the South and the North”可是，是有两部分，故选A。 22．句意：有许多著名的建筑、商店、大型公园和有趣的地方。 have有，动词原形；has有，动词三单形式；are是，主语是复数形式；is是，主语是单数形式。此处是there be结构，表示“某地有某物”，“buildings”是复数形式，be动词用are，故选C。 23．句意：但是伦敦是一个多雾的城市，而且经常下雨。 sunny晴朗的；windy多风的；rainy多雨的；snowy多雪的。根据“The people there often go out with an umbrella”可知，经常下雨所以要带着雨伞，故选C。 24． 句意：我什么都看不清楚。 early早；late迟地；quietly安静地；clearly清楚地。根据“Today, I meet thick fog”可知，雾很大所以看不清，故选D。 25．句意：我必须准时到办公室，因为我有一个重要的会议。 get得到；arrive到达；reach到达；leave离开。根据“to my office on time”可知是按时到达办公室，get to“到达”，故选A。 四、任务型阅读 The traditional Chinese solar calendar (日历) divides the year into twenty-four solar terms (节气). Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, begins on November 22 this year. Here are a few things you should know about Minor Snow. Wearing hats and scarves In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows (吹；刮) from the northeast a lot. Many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, “the head is the place where all passages of the body gather”. It’s necessary (必要的) to wear hats and scarves to keep one’s head warm. Drinking soup During Minor Snow, the air in the houses is dry and most people may find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This will cause (导致) “inner heat” in one’s body. The key is to drink more hot soup. Eating rice cake In some areas of South China, people eat rice cakes around Minor Snow. In ancient times (在古代), rice cakes were a traditional festival offering (祭品) to the bull god (牛神). Making pickled (腌制) vegetables and pork After Minor Snow, because of low temperature (温度) and dry air. It is the best time to start making preserved pork (腊肉), which by the Chinese Spring Festival would be ready to enjoy. The people in Yancheng, Jiangsu province, have welcomed Minor Snow with making pickled vegetables. In addition (此外), we like to eat hot and spicy (辣的) food to keep warm. However, it’s not wise to eat much spicy food because that will increase inner heat. This year’s Minor Snow is coming. Wish you to be surrounded by (被……包围) a life full of warmth. 26．When does Minor Snow begin this year? 27．How do people keep head warm in Minor Snow? 28．What is the key to avoid (避免) causing “inner heat”? 29．Where do people eat rice cakes around Minor Snow? 30．What do you think of eating spicy food during Minor Snow? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】26．On November 22. 27．By wearing hats and scarves./They wear hats and scarves. 28．The key is to drink more hot soup. 29．In some areas of South China. 30．I like to eat hot and spicy food to keep warm during Minor Snow./It’s not wise to eat much spicy food during Minor Snow. 【导语】本文主要介绍了小雪节气的一些习俗。 26．根据“Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, begins on November 22 this year.”可知，从11月22日开始。故填On November 22. 27．根据“It’s necessary (必要的) to wear hats and scarves to keep ones head warm.”可知，通过戴帽子和围巾保持头部暖和。故填By wearing hats and scarves./They wear hats and scarves. 28．根据“The key is to drink more hot soup.”可知，关键是要多喝热汤。故填The key is to drink more hot soup. 29．根据“In some areas of South China, people eat rice cakes around Minor Snow.”可知，中国南方一些地区的人们在小雪时节吃年糕。故填In some areas of South China. 30．开放性题目，言之有理即可。参考答案为I like to eat hot and spicy food to keep warm during Minor Snow./It’s not wise to eat much spicy food during Minor Snow. 五、书面表达 31．假如你是李华，是学校的广播员，你每天为大家播报天气信息。下面表格列出了今明后三天的天气，请你为大家播报。 要点： 星期 Friday Saturday Sunday 天气 建议 天气凉爽，适合课后与同学进行室外活动 雨天，最好待在家做作业、家务 天气晴朗，适合和家人去公园游玩 注意： 1. 内容应包括所有提示内容，行文要通顺连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 词数70左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Good morning, boys and girls! I’m Li Hua. Now I’d like to tell you the weather report for today and the following two days. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. 【答案】例文 Good morning, boys and girls! I’m Li Hua. Now I’d like to tell you the weather report for today and the following two days. It’s cloudy today. So it’s cool. It’s a good time to play outside with your classmates after class. But tomorrow you have to stay at home because it’s rainy. You can do your homework and help your parents do some housework at home. On Sunday, the sun comes out again. It’s sunny and warm. It’s great to go to the park with your family. That’s all. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，准备播报天气信息； 第二步，具体播报今明后三天的天气及建议； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①would like to do sth愿意做某事 ②help sb do sth帮助某人做某事 ③come out出来 [高分句型] ①But tomorrow you have to stay at home because it’s rainy. (because引导的原因状语从句) ②It’s great to go to the park with your family. (it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语) 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Weather and our lives Unit4 Weather and our lives 话题 天气和我们的生活 词汇 1.search /sɜːtʃ/ v.搜索；搜寻；搜查；查找 2.airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ n.机场 3.location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.地方；地点；位置 4.capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n.首都；国都 5.wet /wet/ adj.湿的；潮湿的 6.foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adj.有雾的 7.north /nɔːθ/ n.北；北方 adv.向北；朝北 8.quite /kwaɪt/ adv.相当；非常 9.temperature /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/ n.温度；气温 10.drop /drɒp/ v.降低；减少 11.degree /dɪˈɡriː/ n.度；度数 12.Celsius /ˈselsiəs/ n.摄氏 13.dry /draɪ/ adj.干的；干燥的 14.south /saʊθ/ n.南部；南方 adv.向南；朝南 15.still /stɪl/ adv.还；仍然 16.wind /wɪnd/ n.风 17.cloud /klaʊd/ n.云；云朵 18.fog /fɒɡ/ n.雾 19.skate /skeɪt/ v.滑冰；溜冰 20.picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n.野餐 21.sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ n.阳光；日光 22.hate /heɪt/ v.讨厌；憎恶 23.extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj.极度的；极大的 24.news /njuːz/ n.媒体对重要事情的报道；新闻 25.heat /hiːt/ n.热；高温 26.wave /weɪv/ n.海浪；波浪 27.heatwave /ˈhi:tweɪv/ n.酷热期；热衷 28.hit /hɪt/ v.达到(某水平) 29.several /ˈsevrəl/ det.&pron.几个；数个 30.break /breɪk/ v.打破；破；裂；碎 31.record /ˈrekɔːd/ n.纪录；记录 /rɪˈkɔːd/ v.记录 32.reach /riːtʃ/ v.增加到；达到 33.break out突然开始；爆发 34.area /ˈeəriə/ n.(地方、城市、国家、世界的)地区，地域 35.runway /ˈrʌnweɪ/ n.飞机跑道 36.action /ˈækʃn/ n.行动；行为过程 37.pupil /ˈpjuːpl/ n.学生；小学生 38.uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n.制服；校服 39.indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv.在室内 40.leaf /li:f/ n.(pl.leaves)叶子 41.fact /fækt/ n.现实；实际情况 42.in fact事实上 43.average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.平均的 44.increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ v.增长；增加 45.coal /kəʊl/ n.煤 46.cause /kɔːz/ v.引起；使发生 n.原因；事业 47.worse /wɜːs/ adj.(bad的比较级)更差的；更糟的 48.soon /su:n/ adv.很快；马上；不久 49.regards /rɪˈɡɑːdz/ n.(pl.)致意；问候 短语 1.use a weather app使用一个天气应用程序 2.prepare for为……做准备 3.a weather report天气报告 4.complete...with...用……完成…… 5.drop to降到 6.very cold非常冷 7.in the north在北方 8.in the south在南方 9.be rainy all day全天下雨 10.swim in the sea在海里游泳 11.wear the right clothes穿合适的衣服 12.besides the weather除了天气以外 13.go swimming去游泳 14.go to the beach去海滩 15.go cycling去骑自行车 16.have a picnic=go on a picnic野餐 17.plant trees植树 18.fly kites放风筝 19.make snowmen堆雪人 20.go skating去滑冰 21.extreme heatwave极端热浪 22.temperatures broke records气温打破纪录 23.reach 40.3℃达到40.3摄氏度 24.the hottest day最热的一天 25.fires broke out火灾爆发 26.trains had to slow down火车必须减速 27.an airport closed一个机场关闭 28.parts of the runway started to break open部分跑道开始破裂 29.schools were closed学校关闭 30.take action to keep cool采取措施保持凉爽 31.play indoors在室内玩耍 32.cool their animals down给动物降温 33.iced vegetables,leaves or fish冰冻的蔬菜、叶子或鱼 34.the average temperature of the Earth地球的平均气温 35.increase by about 1℃上升了大约1摄氏度 36.since the late 1700s自18世纪末以来 37.cause the problem引起问题 38.make it worse day by day使情况日益恶化 39.late spring春末 40.in this season在这个季节 语法 it的用法 考点1. search /sɜːtʃ/ v.搜索；搜寻；搜查；查找 【例句】The students searched the library for the information they needed. 学生们在图书馆中寻找所需的信息。 【搭配】search for寻找 【词转】research n.研究；调查 考点2. location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.地方；地点；位置 【例句】The location of the event was easy to find. 这个活动的地点很容易找到。 【词转】locate v.确定……的准确地点 local adj.当地的；本地的n.当地人；本地人 考点3.wet /wet/ adj.湿的；潮湿的 【例句】The grass was still wet after the rain. 雨后草地仍然是湿的。 【词转】wetness n.湿润 【搭配】get wet弄湿 wet weather潮湿的天气 【反义】dry adj.干的；干燥的 考点4. foggy /ˈfɒɡi/ adj.有雾的 【例句】It was a foggy morning,so we couldn’t see the road clearly. 那是一个有雾的早晨，所以我们看不清路。 【词转】fog n.雾 【搭配】thick fog浓雾 考点5.north /nɔːθ/ n.北；北方 adv.向北；朝北 【例句】Which way is north? 哪边是北？ 【例句】They drove north to reach the mountains. 他们向北开车去到山里。 【拓展】north adj.北方的；向北的；北方吹来的 【搭配】in the north在北方 to the north朝北 north wind北风 【词转】northern adj.北方的；北部的 考点6. south /saʊθ/ n.南部；南方 adv.向南；朝南 【例句】They travelled south for the winter. 他们南下过冬。 【拓展】south adj.南方的；向南的；南方吹来的 【搭配】in the south在南方 to the south朝南 south wind南风 【词转】southern adj.南方的；南部的 考点7.hate /heɪt/ v.讨厌；憎恶 【例句】I hate it when it rains all day. 我讨厌整天下雨。 【搭配】hate to do sth.讨厌做某事 hate doing sth.一直讨厌做某事 【近义】dislike v.不喜爱；厌恶 考点8.heat /hi:t/ n.热；高温 【例句】The heat made it hard to sleep at night. 炎热使得晚上难以入睡。 【搭配】high heat高温 【词转】hot adj.热的 heat v.加热 heater n.加热器 考点9. hit /hɪt/ v.达到(某水平) [hit→hit→hit] 【例句】The temperature is expected to hit 40 degrees today. 今天的气温预计将达到40度。 【搭配】hit a record high达到创纪录的高点 【拓展】hit n.打击 考点10..break /breɪk/ v.打破；破；裂；碎 [break→broke→broken] 【例句】The vase broke when it fell on the floor. 花瓶掉在地上摔破了。 【搭配】break into破门而入 break down出故障；坏掉 考点11.soon /su:n/ adv.很快；马上；不久 【例句】I’ll be back soon with the answer. 我很快就会带着答案回来。 【搭配】soon after不久之后 as soon as possible尽快 how soon多快 考点12.regards /rɪˈɡɑːdz/ n.(pl.)致意；问候 【例句】Please give my regards to your family. 请代我向你的家人问好。 【搭配】with regards致以问候 【词转】regard v.将……认为；把……视为 语法精讲——it的用法 在英语中,it的使用相当广泛,它既可以用作代词,也可用作引导词,还可用在强调结构中. (一)作人称代词 这时it指前面已经提到过的人或事物. -Where is the cat?-猫在哪儿? -It is lying under the chair.-它躺在椅子下面. He took off the first shoe and threw it on the floor.他脱下第一只鞋子,把它扔在地板上. I've seen the film Gone with the Wind, It is very interesting.我看过电影《飘》.这部电影很有意思. (二)作非人称代词 1.当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可以用it指代. Is it a boy or a girl?是男孩还是女孩? There is someone knocking at the door. Who is it?有人敲门.是谁呢? 2.it除可代替事物外,还可指时间、天气、距离、重量、状况或其他情况等 It's time for class.是上课的时候了. It's warm today.今天天气暖和.It weighs 350 pounds.重量为350磅. 3.it有时不确指 How's it going with you?你近况如何? It was dull when Mary was away.玛丽不在,真没劲. How is it going?情况怎么样? 4.it还可用于强调结构 英语常用的强调结构为it is(was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)＋who(that)....一般说来,被强调部分指人时用who(that),指物时用that. It is Li Lei that cleaned the classroom.是李雷打扫了教室. It was yesterday that l bought the book.我是昨天买这本书的. (三)作形式主语 为了避免将句中作真实主语的不定式短语、-ing分词短语和主语从句置于句首造成头重脚轻,习惯上用it作形式主语来指代后面的真实主语. 1.代替不定式短语 It is wrong to tell a lie.说谎是不对的. It is necessary to buy that dictionary.有必要买下那本词典. 2.代替-ing分词短语 It is no use going there so early.这么早去那里没用. It is no use learning without thinking.学而不思则罔. 3.代替主语从句 It is said that Mary is leaving for London tomorrow.据说玛丽明天要动身前往伦敦. It is certain that we shall succeed.我们一定会成功. (四)it常用句型 1.It + v. + to do sth. · It takes her a week to finish reading this book. · It cost me five hundred dollars. 2.It + be + adj.+ to do sth. · It’s glad to see you gain. · It was funny to visit Uncle Li’s farm. 3.It + be + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. （用于形容事情） · It was not easy for him to overcome the difficulty. · It’s impossible for me to finish the task without you. 4.It + be + adj.+ of sb. to do sth.（用于形容人） · It’s nice of you to help me carry the heavy box. · It’s helpful of him to do chores with his parents. 5.It + be + n. + to do sth. · It’s my pleasure to introduce you to my friends. · It’s great fun travelling with so many friends. 6.It is / has been + 时间段+since... · It’s/ has been more than ten years since we met one another last time. · It’s/ has been twenty years since he gave up smoking. 7.It + is + the first/ second/ third time + that...（现在完成时） · It is the first time that I have seen the film. · It’s the second time that she has read Treasure Island. It + was + the first/ second/ third time + that...（过去完成时） · It was the third time that he had been the natural museum. · It was the fourth time that my cousins had visited me. 8.It was +时间段+ before... “过了多久才......” 一、单项选择 1．It’s polite ________ others. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helps 2．It’s time ________ our class. A．to begin B．begin C．beginning D．to beginning 3．It’s important ________ us to eat a balanced diet. A．for B．of C．to D．with 4．________ seems that you know a lot about this city. A．This B．It C．You D．That 5．—Is it great fun ________ around the world with our friends? —Yes. We can have fun ________ the beautiful sights on the way. A．travelling; to enjoy B．to travel; enjoying C．travelling; enjoying D．to travel; to enjoy 6．________ wasn’t s easy to predict weather in the past. A．It B．These C．This D．Its 7．It is not polite ________ you to speak ________ mouth full. A．for; when B．of; when C．for; with D．of; with 8．We found ________ necessary to plant more trees when spring comes. A．it B．this C．that D．what 9．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 10．—Tom, it’s time ________ class.             —OK. Let’s ________. A．for; going B．for; go C．to; go D．to; going 11．It’s very kind ________ you to share your report with me. A．of B．for C．to D．with 12．________ is not easy for people to keep exercising every day. A．That B．This C．It D．One 13．I found ________ important to keep exercising to keep fit. A．one B．this C．that D．it 14．It is so careless of him ________ his homework at home again. A．leave B．to leave C．forget D．to forget 二、阅读理解 Do you ever go to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原)? The weather there changes a lot in summer. You can experience “four seasons” in just one day. What is it like? Let’s have a look. “Spring” morning The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is very high. In the early morning, it’s cool. After the sun comes out, it becomes warm. It’s like spring. It’s a good time to take a walk. “Summer” noon At noon, it’s sunny and hot. You might feel like it’s summer. The sunlight is so strong that you might want to wear a pair of sunglasses. Sometimes, it rains, but the rain doesn’t last long. If you are lucky enough, you may see rainbows. “Autumn” afternoon In the afternoon, the temperature goes down quickly, especially (尤其) after the sun goes down. It’s cool, just like in autumn. People have to put on warm clothes. “Winter” night Late at night, it gets cold, like winter. People usually sleep with a thick quilt. The rainy season is from June to September each year. It often rains at night. 15．The weather in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau changes a lot in ________. A．summer B．spring C．autumn D．winter 16．What does the underlined word “last” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．最后 B．持续 C．下次 D．停止 17．Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage? A．It’s a good time to take a walk in the morning. B．The temperature goes down quickly at night. C．It rains a lot from June to September each year. D．You may see a rainbow after a heavy rain. 18．In which month does the rainy season end? A．June. B．July. C．August. D．September. 19．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A newspaper. C．A travel guidebook. D．A letter. 三、完形填空 Do you know London? It is a beautiful 20 . It lies in the south of England. The city has 21 parts: the South and the North. There 22 many famous buildings, shops, big parks and interesting places. The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot. Why does London have such good weather? That’s because the city is near the sea. But London is a foggy city and it often has 23 days. The people there often go out with an umbrella. I am in London now. Today, I meet thick fog. I can’t see anything 24 . Cars and buses move along with their lights on. In the evening, the weather becomes even worse. The fog is so thick that all the buses and cars stop. I have to 25 to my office on time because I have an important meeting. However, I can’t find a bus, a car or a taxi. In the end, I have to get there by taxi. 20．A．village B．town C．city D．country 21．A．two B．four C．three D．one 22．A．have B．has C．are D．is 23．A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 24．A．early B．late C．quietly D．clearly 25．A．get B．arrive C．reach D．leave 四、任务型阅读 The traditional Chinese solar calendar (日历) divides the year into twenty-four solar terms (节气). Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, begins on November 22 this year. Here are a few things you should know about Minor Snow. Wearing hats and scarves In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows (吹；刮) from the northeast a lot. Many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, “the head is the place where all passages of the body gather”. It’s necessary (必要的) to wear hats and scarves to keep one’s head warm. Drinking soup During Minor Snow, the air in the houses is dry and most people may find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This will cause (导致) “inner heat” in one’s body. The key is to drink more hot soup. Eating rice cake In some areas of South China, people eat rice cakes around Minor Snow. In ancient times (在古代), rice cakes were a traditional festival offering (祭品) to the bull god (牛神). Making pickled (腌制) vegetables and pork After Minor Snow, because of low temperature (温度) and dry air. It is the best time to start making preserved pork (腊肉), which by the Chinese Spring Festival would be ready to enjoy. The people in Yancheng, Jiangsu province, have welcomed Minor Snow with making pickled vegetables. In addition (此外), we like to eat hot and spicy (辣的) food to keep warm. However, it’s not wise to eat much spicy food because that will increase inner heat. This year’s Minor Snow is coming. Wish you to be surrounded by (被……包围) a life full of warmth. 26．When does Minor Snow begin this year? 27．How do people keep head warm in Minor Snow? 28．What is the key to avoid (避免) causing “inner heat”? 29．Where do people eat rice cakes around Minor Snow? 30．What do you think of eating spicy food during Minor Snow? (请自拟一句话作答) 五、书面表达 31．假如你是李华，是学校的广播员，你每天为大家播报天气信息。下面表格列出了今明后三天的天气，请你为大家播报。 要点： 星期 Friday Saturday Sunday 天气 建议 天气凉爽，适合课后与同学进行室外活动 雨天，最好待在家做作业、家务 天气晴朗，适合和家人去公园游玩 注意： 1. 内容应包括所有提示内容，行文要通顺连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 词数70左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Good morning, boys and girls! I’m Li Hua. Now I’d like to tell you the weather report for today and the following two days. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$